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Synthse des espces chimiques



 >+0
, =4 &' 1 ',D. .
*+,0 I98J  <8, @ !: , 0G :EF85+,
%J +, = &' N88+, 0'+, > = J 
  <0:D <*+  P3, <*+,&'+,


 % $ ! '& )(  /0. *+,
)  86  45, 3),  1. 9:,
@8 $ A+, <:=$ >+ . .*+,
@8 $  >) A  B+ .&' <*+

   :
2009
1

  


 )8  '&   U() N8=   <*+ @4T  *+R 4R ) .<*+
+J< < '& UW. *+,

  .
=[ Z $, /0 Y3G8+, !$ <J +085+, >:@ 0  =T 0+ :&'8,
> N+ $, T8, Y3G !$ 1, R >)8 N@ N] T0+, , )[ YJ= 1$8
++ :&'8,
*"  &+ *
)(  "  
 "  
$+,
P4+,

J^,
)',

'& #$%
*; *;: . # /0 $ 6 - $4/   $ & .$
1$ 0 ...
& ...
<; 9&  8$4%'>>? 0/* ) 7&8*  * * < @B>* C / &' ;* - A %G:
C...
&8%  %* (....+
 $ M@'* *A0
*  B AK$ L C & .
...A'N
#* C%O. <K  
/.+/;0
9C PL L C @. ? 8R$ AK/ <& Q.0 <;  L <K   $ T*...*  @ 1$ " '& ) A /  ;$ .


:8, _5 !@'8= () A8,+ &'8, = 0,. *+,
8+,:<FJ
'), Z+5  P3 1, <*+,a 3 <0:T, + +F
5 bc <J N 8   =  *+ !$ <J a, + 08
T 8+, +8G &'+, :T8+, $85, EF85+,
 =T 1 >+0 ) 5 8+, 0:T,
8+, J f*'R 0'+, B= 08 !  <J J88+, 0:T,
*&:U 0
! = () N8@ 5,  &+ J Ng_  A8, 4,  E,& 1,
 38+, &'+, h : 3@, c85+, 8:,.

 1$ R0  .<6


2

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)( + &'8, h,. G *+, <J+, 9 =G &' i


Ah, !j

 =4D.   <*+ +, &' i
A@ ,+ a   A0 *+
@.J( , +
4 J8   1 kl :*+
 += a+, I <3Gk II
 a+, 3GJ I <3Gk II
 &+$+,+, a 3GJ III $, IV .3.
 >+0 UWkl+,  >=) 13G3, W, >@ g <0:T, <J+, 3GJ 1, =W <J+,
18
=:, + = Y'8+ =Wa8  Y  N8 UW +0, /+
TG8_ E8=:,
/+3G3,= E
+G. &' N8= %J 3G3,>
<(+ E8=:, 3G3,= E

1@  -.7/

/+ N=  >*G H2SO4 E8=:,, ,*) B, %h @> =T8, =]4] 1 U() N8

>:
 0 <& PW Q'; :V/
 N8 UW4: +0, " <J+= a+," : 8A=T
 +08G = I FeS2 = ),W, =c85 T@ N N8= i

 = I<J = ),
 F,  g ]*< 5 I=:, bJ0+, ,:*+,

 +08G I=:,85+, c, W, =)


50+, ,:*+,

'; SO2 PWTW) SO3 Q';  R0$ (V/ @> $'; >  / :V2O5

 N8 UW <J +0,0+$+, *+,8+, 4:) $, 3.+= a+, (<3Gk

 += i) rc, a 0 (SO2 + Y 1 %3$8, A:T,. 1,3), V2O5


)'> g rR 1 
 Y 580C B = >=) N8] UW 60% 
+,1,
SO2 70%.SO3 1,
=:  0 E, ) rc, (SO3 + SO2 + 1, ), >:@ 440C =+  1A:T,
3), h, .  P3 +85A:T, :5, +0, R. 3), <J >'), >=) 1 =F,
SO2 98%.SO3 1,
>< A * PWTW'; :V/

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/+
&' <J 4 <J <',)( 8,< J Y >')+, E8=:, /+
+08G N8=
. +G. E=3G3,

.7/> % > 1@  -


5,, 3GJ 1 E8=:, /+
]u b=D   H3PO4 E=3G3, /+
()=
:,0+, bJ<( 0:T, 3G3, c85+,) Ca3(PO4)2 <0:T,

/+
B0= N] *+,> ,)+,< J W, A, 5,, 8=:'> 3 Z68, b3'8, +0
.v,) +, c:8 E=3G3,
.E=3G3, /+), $8+, , N a+, :80=

X PL P R0 ./ Y


prparation dactate de linalyle C12H20O2 A& % R0

>3 b=D  T0,<  J >+085+,* +, . 


>,, 8G=)(
,0+, bJ( anhydride actique) C4H6O3 E8G.(  = linalol) C10H18O ,,
:*+,

: ;
.1 Bc, T0, I=B, c85= <0:D <*+ )( 
.:8c+,< J <*+ )(  $F 58
.<*+  B+
:/4;

"G$ .X' M/\ .< A& % R0 -1- #W 


4

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;:
]  c5 '8 rc,c 5. 38+, , v >R:+, , <G  + 

 Y h a
 g 438+, , U =: $8)v TG8, (<*+,
%h N8= YwJ UWc.  F 1,38J ),  AJ E,W +,.
 >(3_ c58, N8= <J >38,
  &=5 1 5= + 03W .>38,

= Z+5_ c58, Aw g <J >38 rR  %hc. '8+, TG
: F <G 3 AJ +,.
:
:J 
<J >R
 5mL,, 10mL = ) E8G.+, TR $= :+F8,
)W(
 @a &T
N^8, %3R $ [ r:a,.

 rc,  : & ), N] <G >0+, =$ >R:+,.
cG 18
rc,a, N] [ r:= ! i) c58, $ a, = 6 .
 +, <a= rc, 25@.A

 .* (&X ; ;/ 7%>.1
4R >+ 08 G $8, A5, = + E8G.J1A:= i)
  =F Y /*J >38, = + fc8,W J[w /*3,
rc, 1, ++,  =:) >,:(-2- A],
= >38 = & E8G.+, /+
<T0, E8G.  + W
B8 4, >@ /+), & +, >A8= YwJ 1,T, .<*+,
 -2- #W
 .* (&X ; ;/ W^ V0 7%


X% % &.A


J <J rc,: b3'8, 8J 5= Y D
*< <J >3G. ( <J >l= i
1.8G
>,,+, T, <GG. (0, .-3- A],
T, <*+,  T, (0, <J: .b3'8,
fc8, /+), <A:8+,[ % 1,T, (0, )W
  ',= 1, = ' <38ca,
.v,
[ % 1,T, (0, 20mL+,
 N] rc,
. 5= Y
T,  <*+, R  %3T, (0, J[w
@ + 5,, N] <J YgJ
N
5

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 -3- #W
> .$ A ./ P  R

.Y@4g

#* ./ Y   P\ P > b  P


> = J    <0:D <*+  P3, <*+,&'+,
 ,W ~5, >+0G TG >)8,, g1 <J
A 8G >,, &'+, <J ()+,A3, ) (2-1 8G
>,, <0:T,c85+, Bc, =WR 18G >,,$8,
.&+
8G. >,,$8, *)  Y:l*) Bc, 1  
:= <*+ ) f,R Y:6.(-4- A],
 = <0 B ,W, ) @T Y+8G >,,
 $= % ,8G >,,
>)8,, g:<J
 B$ >)8,, g. <J&  : I=B, =T0,c85+,
Bc, 1 8G >,, <J ()+,A3, ) (2-1 8G
>,,$8,) =~ WR (&+ ,,:
  Tc  $F$ >)8,, gA:D 1 <J
@.A
  w6  45,,   F:<*] ,
 h.

(  )3 >)8,, g <J [& @T a :
,, ) W <*] <J h( .A TA <J 8G >,,$8, ) W <*] <J h( TA <J.B
8G >,, <J ()+,A3, )W ) (2-1 <*] <J h( <J.C TA,
I=B, =T0, c85+,Bc, W ) 1 <*] <J h <J.D TA,
 [& <J )3', >)8,, g+08G <J ]*<
 h .=W+
   =' 0T, )8+,  YJ + =3,R bJ )3',
,  <J F0[ N] F33 c: &:l ]*< ,.
  0F  1 >') &A:, >)8,, g<J
'+, . -5- A],
 @ >)8 N >)8,, g <J ) F >')+,
>  /0. *+,8+, > .
 > = J  8G >,, <0:T, &'+,

 -4- #W
) $% & A4

 -5- #W
6  A&0* CPL

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<0:T,*< +, , P3 f*'R P3 1 &'+,*< +, , J8=

  
UW 1 )', Z+5 <FJ *+, .< '& J ', +, rl
+, Fc8G D & A +F +  @> 3 *+, .
.0:T,
c58, b=D  R.* +, . /0 > ,, 8G=)(
TG' 8+, c. %h  g <J >38+, rc, 1A:= i
_
.+, [ 3 F <G :
P3 Y, &' <*+ >  bA)8, <Jg ,)> 8, Z+5=
.<0:T,*< +, , P3 f*'R

+0,) T'+, N$0


prparation ................................ R0 synthse ....................................... 
chauffage reflux ......... "G$ .X' chimie .......................................... 
condensation ............................... Y+ synthse .................................  excs ............................................ 1L fine ............................................ #) lourde ........................................ &#W -

Boubker Talioua
2009

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