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Impact problem using Linear Up-Us relation

Sushil Kumar July 12, 2012

I did a small calculation as to what would happen if I smash Titanium into Boron. This is not necessarily a riemann problem, but I thought it was an interesting thought experiment. Suppose Titanium has a velocity V and boron has zero velocity at time t = 0. Please take a look at gure (1) for a representative picture. In this gure material 1 is Titanium and material 2 is boron. At t > 0, the titanium is smashed into boron and there is a shock wave on either side of the contact discontinuity. In titanium, the shock wave is moving at velocity Us1 while the particle velocity is Up1 . In boron, the shock wave is moving at velocity Us2 while the particle velocity is Up2 . Note that the velocity Up1 is the velocity of the particles in the projectile with respect to velocity of the impact interface. Thus, across the contact discontinuity we can say the following:

Figure 1: Impact problem formulation

V Up1 = Up2 P 1 = P2

(1) (2)

Where, P1 and P2 are pressures across the contact discontinuity on either side of the material. From the conservation of momentum, we can compute the pressure: P2 = 02 Us2 Up2 Similarly, P1 = 01 Us1 Up1 1 (4) (3)

The relationship between particle velocity and shock velocity in solid is: Us1 = c01 + s1 Up1 and Us2 = c02 + s1 Up2 Substituting the above equation for Us1 and Us2 into equations (3) and (4), we get: P1 = 01 (c01 + s1 Up1 )Up1 P2 = 02 (c02 + s2 Up2 )Up2 Substituting equation (1) for Up2 into equation (7) and setting it equal to equation (6) we get: 02 (c02 + s2 [V Up1 ])(V Up1 ) = 01 (c01 + s1 Up1 )Up1 (8) (6) (7) (5)

Since we know the values for V, c01 , c02 , s1 and s2 , we can calculate Up1 , from which we can nd the pressure, shock velocities and Up2 . We can also nd the density and temperature using the appropriate equation of state. I did a sample calculation for Ti and B when V = 500 m/s. The pressure we get is 6 GPa. I can nd the other values as well, but let me know what you think about this.

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