You are on page 1of 105

<gGd,E

!+^.J+7gG/
How To Build A Good
Small NGO

I42'
gIHbH++|K
www.networklearning.org
HbH+-5}U I4)g,}JLl0}.mUL

<gGd,E
!+^.J+7gG/
How To Build A Good
Small NGO

HbH+-5U}I4)g,}JLl0}.mULI42'
gIHbH++|K
www.networklearning.org
kU HLbH+L(H;H+;+}bH+b+
bD*~6*HMbF<bGx~{FHf:*x]D*yJy-c~6-MfQ p+4=LfEGfDH]D*H'~{D:D*:*x]D*]*
ib~z~6'*H ib~64b*H D* xJ- /&* E F]*H ~6b~zD* ,2bD fD* ,]<b~z* :D* :*x]D* ]* xQAJ
$b+]+bD*$bpF&* Q C:*x]D*E]*EbgJbC<g*$**EfEb~7 Mfc~{+Kbg~zEf:*x]D*
fE*fD$b~z*HfAb~{D*yJy-H:**fC4b~{Em~{-(*fAb~9(b+ib+bsgF*fG*yF~8HfF]*Hf~6b~zD*ib*
@+b~|Q-*/xJQ :D*Q :*x]D*]DfQ E*nE*D*0ibE*E]Jy
National Democratic Institute
for International Affairs
2030 M Street, 5th Floor, NW
Washington, DC 20036-3306
tel: (202) 728-5500
fax: (202) 728-5520
e-mail: contactndi@ndi.org
website: www.ndi.org

arabictranslation@ndi.org

kHLbH+L(H;H+;+}bH+b+
zEb*+bD*ex=b~74b~7
f~8bD*~7*H
fCE&*,]pg*ibJD*
  -bG
  zCbA
contactndi@ndi.org HD(D*]JD*
www.ndi.org HD(D*B*

(*dQgD**wGf/x-0*'~6H&*-Q&*b~64(*$b/xQD*

bcDiH+fQ DH]D*H'~{D:D*:*x]D*]*x0&*Q EB]-Hf/*xE]~6&*4Ff/x02/06.2006 f;x~{D*0

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How To Build A Good Small NGO
UH( +
H'+IL3gE
}N,L3gr7
}N}E35>
>gEgH
7GL
JghIn},L5g0
lNGI.g.g2
gNINgI
+}N3L'+N,
N+7.+7+5g75ELH+
N30g.+6I
7L53L.mI'+

kNU ~J+kNU 2k7(IKL JgI g.bU ='+kh7g+LngJ6++1;g+


kUI+>ng U+)+kUHg+-5+3)+g=bU H+bU .kUrI
NINgIgKR zG)c,.5yR 1
75bJ&+0>IyKyIgRKzG)+gt{E+}.
35.0LbN)++5hN3gKR zG)+jcKh+RC3

M}2'+3+I=uH

www.networklearning.org

}J'+

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Contents

































jcLh)

-bU0L-9kUI1>k UIh.G
UH( +
kIbU +
.'+ILuJI
koI'+LN5glH+h.
kUI+>ng U+N}.
kUI+>k UHkUHL'U +1+}+ L'U +H+
L'+n++
Ml+kE5kUI1>k UI%g,=-b=g+I+H+
yH)+ngUr.+7+LkU +L%M3gh+LgN(L}U H+bNb gUoH+H+
kU+ng0g+LGg+bNb pHgUoH+H+
=g,U 5 g0kU GLgH)+tgllH+ngI+KgI U2L'+-+
U G5g.U N5Q.L'+ng0guHQ}Nb.
ILkU I+>k U+t5g2%+2IngI+0)+kJgUoH+-+
Ub+=IG|2'+=9}1+L Nbl+
xUlH+ ,+}U H+H+
:+}>'+L+bK'+3bU 1xlU Hg,'+b,+LL}+bNR )+5}U FkoHgUoH+-+
ng;gUH+L
xlU H+kU =kG5g+=Nbl+rU 8k,+}U H+-+
k U+-bU+ng75g+LkUEgH+sI3kIg+-+

U
Q
H4lNgo1O+5L3Lbl+3U ( Np1khF+}IgJ5;

U k73gH+-+
U
NUlH+UI+' k,gH+-+

U
hUlH+ Ig+H+
,FL'+L}+hU ; xlU H++|KU Gb, &+LkIgUoH+-+
lU H+LkhF+}+ 73gH+H+
U
iF+5k7gUlH+-+
U F-}8gH+-+
kU=g5+ngI+bU FxUlH+IkHgUlH+kH+ -}=kN3g+-+
kxl+7L5bU HkhU Hg,

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO



ng75g+E'g,3+ ,gH+H+
U

















#HkhU Hg,ng75g+E'+KgI
#kdU7'+-bU0k75gglN'H5+3%g,
ng75g+L%M3gh+E'+3grN)+
35++h,Ull.QkHL3-bU+k75g+
#1ng75g+E'+KgIl.G
-bU+ngH+%g, IgUoH+H+
kU 75kU I1>k UI,g;4gxU.+
H+Fg;3+}E'+,xUlH+
gK~N~.L%M3gh+:L
ng UHU ,}H+t4UH+
H+Fg;=
~N~.LgU E-5+3)+%gJ)+
kU I1>Qk UI-5+3)+LH+Fg;,kFH+
H+Fg;L-5+3)+-5bF%g,
k<H+LkxH+L*
}U H+
U
gU H+=g+H+







;+}bU H+5+}H+4gxU.+kU =


+1g,Ul+%g9)+
-b+ng=gl0+b=
Q
kdU7n+3g=mhlG+bFl=mJgG+4)+
/+RIg=,2+~J'gN1













kU I+>k U+5I'+}.b=

U
-bU +kU ;gl1+ngIb+%g, 7glU H+H+
-bU+-5+3)+
ngU l0UH+
ngJ6++:L
kJ6++:L5L3
kJ6++:LuJkUHg0)+k,5g+LN}UlH+
ng,g+k,1ng1I

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

























3grN)+Lg+-5+3)+ }8gH+H+
g+-5+3)+
-53gU H+35++-5+3)+
#U g+hH+KgI

U
#kU I+>ng UHkhU Hg,kU IkU Hg+-5+3)+l.R
glU H+~r.'+kU Hg+-5+3)+-bU +k75gH
7Q,kU 7g7'+%M3ghg,gH+
kNU 5+3)+kh7g+,gIkU Hg+kh7g+
ng,g+5+b9)+jgh7'+
kU Hg+,+H+

U
ngh0+H+E
kh7guHkUhK|H+b=+H+

NlU H+
iN5blU H+ng0g1H4gkU NlU H+kU I+>k U+ng0gxlU H+
wgrU H+=b=g.lH+lU H+kN};gl=+
kH+ngGH+=5oH+

Y
+I'+i;kU G
NlU H+ng UIILglU H+
+I'+0=-5bH+%g,
UJgFQ:L=+ }=3g+H+

kI+bl7+%g, }=gUoH+H+






kU .g7(U +kI+bl7)+
N5g+kI+bl7+
9gx8'+iN5b.LkI+bl7+
kNU H+nghH+=kI+bl7+%g,

U




kh8%g,ngNbU 
kHgU EQngh8%gJ)n+3g85)+









K4k. }=pHgUoH+H+

#,Uul.L9g+E+3.MbI
U '+)+
U
#U .L+1g,%I6Ig.MbIU '+)+
#U .L+1g,Nbl+Ig.MbIU '+)+
,uUlH+L9g+E+3E18gJ

U
*I~HlIgIkU G18gJ
NblHlIgIkU G18gJ

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO












U G5gUlH+N}U H+UlHgGng0g+ng. L'U +u+


kEgUH+LkIgH+kuH+L%g+1kHg
U EkU,}.n+}8(U I gUoH+u+
U
i7++ pHgUoH+u+
kUH+1+UH+ ngJ6++=bN~+ ,+}U H+u+
kJ6++IkU H+1+U H+=bN~+ Ig+u+
nIg+r. 
k=+bH+*g/H+
krl+ng,g+ 
kUHg+,+H+ 
kh7guHkUhK|H+b=+H+ 

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Introduction

gG^)

.'+ILuJI
z.y.IcFFchKI'+gR F+>jc R+:KxE+9ct8'+FMg=eR hE++xHj^R ='+
3cqR.+ I3I gKR ^E+ -5R cE+ d8I Lc7c7'+ cKyB'+  -^0+h+ jc R+ xH = 5c+ +xH  c,5c
)+IcK5'+Iy9'+j+^dE+I^+.gR F+>jc R+xHR+' )+-5c8)+5^Lc,c7.cB{E+
R
g=h+jc=+F^K^Egd{
R Ec,|E+Jh{F{qh,LcK'+P.c{G)+q,cFchH+eGc0
R
7FE=Gch+Id RE+q{E+9ct8'
+F M kDgR F+>jc R++^FK
R
IccF^=|Ec,P.cFLcdEc>ck+d7=gFR c=Dc|F0+.cFL-3c=cRGc) BR E+f53jc R+xH
ch7%{.Ic{G-3c,zR hKc=3KB+G'+hR 8FDc|F)+3R ( KcR cE+F'+-5+3)+{'+
c2dhE6E+KhR E+3cnK)+=zn.cD
>h RF5c;)+:E+g75c+%c,.^=c{F)+E^R E++xHg7+,FyG++xHF
g R+5c;)+hGcFih2+cF+xEcR1IcH^K^IDc|+FgKcCE+gR D)+^8yGcDgR F+
-^*cEc,=37E^R E++xHR'+
R 8BgR F+>

koI'+LN5glH+h.
U
^1+I}t8c
M
RdK'+hE+gd7c+ N5gUlH+IB'+gRdRhE+gKyRE+E^R E++xHjcq9^nh7
N :I=gKR yR E+I5cB'+%y+dR KK5chR E+xH2B}R E+|Cc. gM =+1'+B'+I'+
RhE+=N}t8RDRhKE4FLcCG+ #Dc|+)+g},RiIy|++xHR+' I^dKH LkF RF
9N=KyB R.'+gR F+>h RE4F'++4)+K5chR E+d.F0yG+xEg|Cc+I
^E++xELcRK5I3ch0c,K
N 7539th7+GcF)c,cD)+RqhhEcFLD753cBLcd{F-xR+K5c|+FgkF'+,yRBh.cD
y.Dg|Cc+=RE(+B+.N:FFcD)cBgR F+>h RF=-^*cEc,3K
'+:Ig1)+L+^h{FB2cD+4)+

!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kU I+>ng U+N}.


r,yR E+2R h..'+HIgR F1>g RF%c|G)gEchR E+Iy|E+`0E+I(
|E-^qhR +'+gR :F:y.
R
R
n{hR E+R+' >gR cE+gR Gc{G)+jc75c+IEc,gFzhFILcR GGcCgnR {FIgR F1>IgKR 5c>.I
05c+KhR E+gR =Cy.'+LkFcByF'ELg:5cFgF+^d.1Dc|+,syK^C
R GcE+
'+-5^Ec,gR F+>g R+hR -5Iy:HcR H'+ R EIgR Bc:)+ Nj+zR eRh.Jy2'+gR EI3 NjcDI R E
cEc='+gnhGgE%c{FgKR ' tEcH3+^h7+|.cDcHxhEgF6E+35++F'c.Ig R2:Ig,cFc)+
=LcK'+lqd.'+jcDEcD
g RE{*5NzDyF
gR ;+y^R E+gKy REc,^hF5h73
>g R+g7c75yR KBL+^1+ILcKyBR+' KcR KR xhR E+EI({+=jc7c{E+:+I}B
KyE+cFR +' gKR xhR E+g`E+I'+ R<+'+E+znKy2&+KyBcB LkF-5+3)+{nD gR F+
:+Ik-5Iy:)+-5c8)+FgR F+>jc R+FI^h{+9ct8'+BlEcRkE+
yG'+ Ec=' R<+g,5cFgKy;=gR 1N-y7{,=cDK^h{+%(Ejc7c{E+
 FcRkE+}E+
gR F+>g R+30I=C'+=h7R F
R 7c7Ny;R ' cH6cqG+^=
=cB^R E+I'+E+)+c*^=
-E+I^R E+qh{Fd8E4R+' Fe{1I3+yB'+%c='+FNK=cE}1
Lc8'+xtRh.'+gRF+>g REBd7cF R,+zhE+gRF1>g RF RD=:yGc{E
gEchR E+L+^R 0gR +y9cE+yRBE-^R =
gRF+>g REEgR75Ng RDyR }RhE+gR,LcG&+-5Dx+F+E+F^K^E+Rh.
R 75N8)+g0c+cI3Lc{1%L ,d.'+-}E+
R
gR7c7Lc;Iy8:yKI'+R 5Iy:>NqG=GcE+n{RhE+gR=I^R E+,eR }K

 gR EI^R E+gR Gc{G)+E+ kFg=hF
R Nj+{.5FFIy|E+xHF^K^E+Ic.+F
R
^R 1^,'+)+dE+c,=ghR *cR E+c8I^d.^Cg=cE+gR F+>jc R+Rc) BcHF



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kNU 5g>LkU u,5>.'+L}8k//=%O g,kU I+>ng U+}U EHbU H++|KgIU '+


Ubl.L-5bH+'+g=LkUgH+kUJgJ)+ng75g+LHg,+lH+g=gGkUI1>L
gHg='+krlJkH%gIlH

KcF}th{GyF'+gKcG
cFgd{E+.g
R
R,cnK)+Nc='c,-kDgRF1>jc RFHc{.Lc0)+
zn.cRG+' '+y2&+gE+6)+=KyB-^=c{FIcc,c*+5^Ff0%FrhR KcDHcFy2&+3N ^=^HR+' >
cFgR ,cnK)+.gR d7Lc='+
Lc.ch,cR B>hKcRhEc,Ig:Njc=cC+49N=Cc;RKcD-dDNj+5^,RhhKBlEcRkE+KyE+ cRF+'
#&+FNj+7y|=2K'+y,gRF+>iG'+h RFRh7NKyBR '+)+++xHF



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 1:
The Beginning Stages of an NGO

J%)~F)

gG)<gFgFJ%)/)y)

L'+n++
y9c=g//)+gR F1>Ng RF%c|G)+KFR DpchqK
|E+H
I'R +
R
d7c.hE+cK(IyR E+I|E++xHIy;c|hKKxE+9ct8'
+Fg=HckE+
R
K^h{+'+.^=c{F3R .KxE+9ct8'+F-^R +gCE+HlEckE+
0R yKLc.9 Ng=gEc1HcH+^1)+hKy,5R E+gR F+>jc R+y}d.+^dE+F
cH'+KyE++xH9ct8'+,'+^dKgEc+xHC+E++xH.)+pchcR EcdEcFJ^9
Hy7P'+IH3I'+0'+F35++F^KzELcF'c.{G'+.I5yR KIch0c,LkFK^+c;'+
F Ng= }. B Jy2'+ gKy RE+ cFR '+ g053 gL 053 LcKR ^=c}. {. hE+ gKR ^hR E+ gK+^dE+ H .
R {+-^=c{FLkFI5yR BgR CR d.=^+=ch0+:E+I'+,yhR E+Jh{+I49ct8'+
5cn8'+5z.hE+gKR IyE+jc=+I'+c;y{E+:yFGcKKxE+
R
7'+F.hE+jc=+FH>IK^+c;'+cH'+gEc1RG'+Hh=+.cH,yE+
FIc.*c=Ijc=+xHHgR F+>g R+y=R 7c7'+I'+R 9'+K^h{+Rc) B='+)+
'+ qG HeEcE+y}EcBgGcRkE+g=+cRF+' -^R0 gL FcFKK^h{+R+' K'++xH'c8
> jc R+ %c|G)+  gGcRkE+ g=+ sc RChK I^h{+ 9ct8'+ '+  H I I^+ 9ct8'+
-y*+3K^h{+%(ED+y8)+J^F'+2+^R E+)+p5c+FK^h{+GJ^F=gRF+
'+-2Igd9gKR zDy+gCE+i{F'+)+I-dD Ng=y{,E4}1-5Iy:)+-5c8)+5^I qG
c{1)+dEc;=C^R }hK2=cB)+iER
cF^R 1)+gKIc{hFN{7'+=-5Dx+g R+%|.hE+g=+3+yB'+cBFchKgR75>M-ByF'+Rth.
cRG+' =Lc1cHyDxh7hE+-E+H.jc7c{E+yKy.)
+:5'+{.FLgBcDc='+znKcB
R
gD|FNgRC0'+F-yBchFiGcD3+R+' IcR7cH3cR.+pI'+8g8iGcDcqBB'+
)+gR05c+jc R+B^hB^K+zhK RKD5c|+3^=ILcRFLc}}t.*c<E+eR
h.cFc=y7E
R
'+^dKcD-5+3)+{%c|G)+I
+%+y8Ie7cF NehF3ch=+
R GcE+n{hR E+)+{E+Iy.dFD-z0'
R
Lcd.+5Rh,+
-}E+g=+I-5+3)
+{IK^h{+I R<+FgR7c7'+y9cE+REc' h.iCE+E4q,L+4)+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

%c='+^1'+FI'+yK^+I'+ R<+F-2'+xHh.^CcR
D5F'+jcKy=y|.hE+gKR 3yE+I'+
R
E+7yR hE+g`E+^{+1'
+FcREg,c7Ng1yFL+^h{FcDxE+-5+3)+{
R
R H'+R)cBg`E+xH3+yB'+^1'+iDI'+{,gR +xHREh.iD)cBLcF^C R Ec|R E+IgCc RE+yRB.I
2=9y+Hc:*c<E+eR |.IgRF+>g R+5.F.c==-c+jc
R
REI({+
,gR c, +L 58^RE.'+=Jy2'+ N-5cd,E)+g R+%chGc,Ig R+)+FcE+y*c7%chGc, 5N 8
 R<+,ExDIK^h{+
cL RK5Iy:{+%c|G)+rd}KE+xDLc{LgBcDjcR+RE( .C+E+#-5+3)+{%c|G)+)+g0c+HcF
g R+FC65e{DgR D)+jcF^+^.Fc,R 5FchH+EqBd.+I5R
h, R<+'+^dKcF^=
R
J'cjc7c{E+>}K
R
REcdhGc, R<+)+}KIRq,K^h{+Rk%c='+ RK'+{+=I
cFR +' ='+e}GK^h{+2K,gR }t8Ngq}FgKR +' 2R hKRG+' cDgR FE+%cd='+znF=
enKcDEd.FRqh.'+JE+K6+F'c8BC+E+:5'+=g75cc,RhKcF
NghI,L5g0,

fM|D&*i|=fM|:jT H0=j THT 7jEfnH


T

)+5g;)++|K:t5b.gl UIU'+T bU JgUJ'+I&+lU 1kU I+>gl UIkFH)


+
U
Q
5H+K+|Kg=)
+E+UbH+gGH+Ul1L n+7,5'+|IU+IJgUJ)+O+}U2(I
U
2IkU 7g7'+glN}Fg;gJgJ'+b,-rH+LU +-gJgIU .MbHg,glN|H+kHg,
U
lH+k;'+H}uJgJ}9 U/k:g+KU=gUN'+LkUHg+IKkFgILglJg,.5gN6
KgJb=g7LOkNL3'+L3H+I.,IHgU I'+gGglN}FgK3grN)+=LrNHgJhU uN
H)+0gluNQ%+L3UHngUlH+-%+}F
U65'+I k;'+b.2I-b=g++L5U}FN}2&+Q 9gx8'+IOgr.g.g;gJmHbFL
IH+gJ'+b,H4b,7(U I%g='+klU 7gU G-b+:+}>'+IgK>L,+L mN6L
mlJ+'+g.g;gJmohHgILgH+.g7+53k,glII+UlNLkN}H++LU}l7+N|H+jghH+
U
gN'g.5gEgIKgJ};g.gH+1M}2'+Qng UIU'+O+}2U (I)+1JgU H-5Lg+M}H+)+
kUI1>Qk UGOgUJJgFgJ30LuJ'+
gUIhHgEgIglK+=UiJ'+irNgI1k U+}=%+5&+l2+kI0+JOgUHg1
H6gIU +%g,)+EgJ'
+E}2&+hH+gIU '+U +%+N)-r=5L3%g,bN}N
U
gK.b=gIL

M|
#Hg,'+='+)+7'+Ik U+|K.'+
#gINbl+Ig.gF=KgI
#NgEgK4gxU.+g=Qn+2q/U K'+KgI



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Ml+kE5kU I1>k UI%g,=-b=g+I+H+


R +' hByFIs:,B}}t
R RhE+.xE+qE5ch2+Ig REgq:+ILc1I5ILcCILcB+^H'+Rd. 
g R+=-zR hFN-59{7'chELd7;cdh7+IdhR E+'+gB+^+iGcD%+7cH3ch=+.Ng,5cF
By RE+DF+1+Ig{+gR E+=gdFh RFF-^h{+g=+F-^R 0NgCE^;. 
6c)+gR =R {KcR ^1+IN^E3ch=+ 
c-30FgRF+>jc R+IjcR+R+' +xHKIR CR^FMhcB|K NgEI330I 
gEI3 R EIe|E+IgF+,9IgqD.IcE)
+%c9)+dKgKR C NghD|hEgKcE+B
R
R CR^FNhnRhh.NgEI3=LckF^R .c{E+
R
R B+1+.5^E(Ic, 
Jy2'+Njc=FjcD+y|EIg
R
gK3gl=+k9H)+

-H+!kG+}
H+%g,-5bH+%g,
U
U
cD=jz'++4)cBc+-5+3)c,Rh+E4HE+gR B+1+)+=^.hE+gEc+=NckF6y,'+R EI
h2++4)cB LcK'+gE%c{E ^X h{FI c+.D1K'+cD R '+g=ch7c, cR8RG'+idkh7enK
}E+yG'+ R FN}t8=gF+h7IyF'+c|hD+R h7c+
}E+yG'+gR ;+y3IgE%c{Eg,cCIgBcR8=eEc7'+IL dEgR F+>h RF3ch=+ 
k R hKELcFchH+yF'+y.c1BR {+R E+cg7c{1Igq:+Ig7c{EyK.

R
D jc0c1  hR E+ R hK E cD j+5+yE+ xthR . hE+ g=+ : f+ Jh{c, %c{R E+
K^h{+,{+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ckF)~F)

Chapter 2:
Identifying Your Vision, Principles, Mission,
Strategies, Etc.

g)J#K1cd)JcL&JyF)^L^
uF')jcn,)5)J

c.cR n.+7+IcHcK(I5=hR F R<+cDc13+3zh7gR F1>g RFR DgR EcBR+' 


R 8
}Ec,cE+Ion+^.g9yBg=I3N yBR EschP.l18cR E+FL-B+xHyh{K^CuE)+c*3cdFI
)+E43K'+dCy2&+)+N}t8FjcR n.+7+IgR +IcK(IyE+RB^.gKy;chR E+ck+r:KHR
xE+
R
yF'+gKcGK5c|+x.
=fk TH/&*H*aJ&*KmfT q-*6*KjT HKfM'K42fqM(*fnH
jT H*

+}N3L'+N,-bUH+,

k.kHgGLgl,gGkNU 50krU Ik UIK k=g+n+53ghI=3ngIb2 k UIU)+


gl.Lk=g+ku9g7U}l+LE+IPk=gl7'U +gGj}>.KL
g=
)+9UlH+b,L 2f<K Tt8P k 1gKgN(L5=gl UIngU=.}. gJgN(L5 
'+)+gl UI:ngl1+gUFbFL5I'+IbNbH+6g)+irN/gQl%gJ)+
bNbU
jtT GjT<f/KjT-fT 6'Hm*42fgH<NDfJ~M~-KjH*akHjTM2|D,|6&*$f+ glUI 
g=gGH4|lH jDfFmfMk*<jF*|T G*1HjkT G*K
gl UI m:L bFL 3Lb gK3b= lNL 7+L QgJ = gh. UlN ngUr.+7+ 
 jTkG*,4*2(*KjkG* gK+b1)+=b.UH++|KIlUr.+7+
)+j} F'+ KLg I} G| Jk U r .+7+U G :+b K'+b Nbir Ng G +bK'+ 
 jT*K24*GjH*ak*jTkG*~M~- ='+-5G|+kUr.+7+
|K b1'+ IL +bK'+ |K )+ 9lU H I}NQ , gK|.L gH xlU H+ hN N5g+ 
HKfTkGf+fD*aJ&*KfkTHKjT*fM'K4/*4|H+ jT*,4aE$f+K|H}G|JN5g+
j..gMTH5P4f:(*9j<TFmfTGK'H2Ta0T.jT*T;HK$fF|T G*K*$f<&*
U+' v:+H+IL n++kG5gILiN5bUlH+mJgEk0+}H-bl+kUr.+7+gUI+' |7&*

 M}2'+QngUr.+7+bxllHmJgGM}2'+N5gI

gK-bl+ngH+1

m^R qh.cF^=ck+d7=cF ^Y 1)+gh Njcq}F^h.Jy2'+jc R+R+' )+cdhG+%c0yR E+


.BK RE+J^+=cB+^h7+dKhE+gRE8D'+gE+=gRF+>jc R+,
Fgh1+yF  +^H'+ kFjcE+,^th{P.E4=LB cK(IyR E+  ^E+ Ex,
cByKgRFg R2GcFNIy|FRER+' HR+^R ++xH)+LcR F{EE4RERDtRhE+gR=
c=B+KIgR F+>g R+FcE+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kHgU H++bK'+LngU r.+7+5gl2+

HgRn.+7+==)EJy2'+y RE+FIgEcR BNjcRn.+7+gRF+>h RF5cht.'+R+F


+xHcFE+)+-5+3)+FRh.EIMgR =jcR n.+7+L+4)+ HcER 7c7'+cnR.+R+) E+
E4=ckF
N +7{22R h7gF^+g=c+xH-y7'+R DR'+c:=jcR n.+7+J^1)+}.
j
R 
c+0h{KL+^1+IL+3yB
3ch=+2Fg,yRhE+I5cn8'+gKc1=c.cRn.+7+J^1)+ }.g
R
RF1>gR`,g RFch}, 
+yB'+I gR {|E+
R ud RE+ -z0'+I 5cn8'+ g=+56 = LkF  g=c+ : ud RE+ 3CE gF+^h{+ jcR hR E+
uE)+g{+
R
R+' >cHx.d7^R n,.I-dDN5cB'c,zh.hE+-}E+g
R RF+>jc R+FME&chFc0
iCEgF3yR chR Ec,{hBgR FgR n.+7+gKR +' F-3yR c.c;c|G
=.lH+}7'R +,-b=gILgg7&+kU I+>ng U+Mb1)+mJgG fnH
KLk75b+I3L'+tU}x.'+krlUH+mJgGk75bI%gJ)+=glFg;U0mUhE}H+kUEg1
>k U+U'+H-E}7'+m,glU Hg,L2bINbU lI>H-%+}H+LbrN
gU,}H O2bIrNk*g=UGIO+b1+LO+3}EU'+g : kU r .+7+nb l =+kU I+
G'+OgIbU .U'+m=gl7+
gK>LkHgU H++bK'+LngU r.+7+5gl2+kU G

-E+cG=-z.y+K5c
R
RhE+ch7+sBgK^R +cKcE+FFcRhE+d7)+L+5+yFE^R E++xHyR hK
c.5+3)L+( DL+^*cCR .I=g85I%+y0)cKR '+g,g R+}}t.1y;c+I9yE+I
E+cGI
R
R
N
jcRn.+7+3ch7+-5Iy:)+-5c8)+5^I-9yB:cRF)+IFchFKyDcRF)+fIcRhEc,cH3+yB'+B
9IR ^CIuE)+-3cE+g,IDc|+Ijc0c+I3I^+Ijch1+IFcE+gBcE^R 0NB)+gEcR E+
g,5c+xHiGcD)cBy|=cRkE+}E+gF^R FD'+N }h,y;c+I9yE+IE+IR E+cGg
R
R=
j+5cchR hKg R+p5c2F/+I'+Lc}t8=^.'+B'+FjcR n.+7+^K^0'+F-^hF
LcFcF='+N 9ct8'c,RhKxE++4He7c+5c+ REIgRF+>g R+5I^E 5N }h,I-^
R
R0gR
N
Jy2'+gq0cGgR F1>g RFF
e{1gCcdE+gRE+R }.IcH3^=F}R.'+=jcR GcF)+F 3N ^=1HRxE+}Ec,cE+^,
I'+:5'+gF+^DJy2'+Dc|+gBc,eRd{h.hE+gR7c7'+g|+3^R '+LcK'+Ic1IchRH'+
yE+I'+1yhR E+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

g|+oEch7H#gR n.+7+ R DRqh7xE+cFjcR n.+7+1HRxE+}E+g1yF}. R /


^E.=zDyhR E+7cR E+3+5'+c1#gR F+>g R+-CcGFh7jc
R n.+7+ R +' #LcR 1
R
#c+RB^.gR DIr,yR E+|F+HI{E+I(
R |,gK+53=%+2Lc9ct8'+E+Cc; R KB2^+
jc,c{+%+y0)+F X +' h{KI%cRE+I&cF-5+3)+J^R h.gR F+>g R+-2iGcD+4)+cFR +'
.C:cGFG+=zR
Dy.'+Bg{dE+
R
%M3gh+=gN(L53gl=+kU G

gRF+>g R+:%J3cdc,+=+=xHjcRn.+7+I+^H'+^K^gR=FM%z0}K
R
7cR E+0R+' F(K R<F R BL+kDL-3c=cG|CcKEc,I^R hK7cR E+FR+' IcR 7
gM FBI^EI+4)+>-^=c{Fc{G)+e0+IFRG+' I'+yE+|E+EtK
R Ne.+y,I+1c,IyK^0
cHFLcFI3E+gR Bc|E+:y.hE+y/'+gKR E+%J3cd+^1'+gR F+>g R+^h.^CIeH4F
'+^d++xHR+' Mrq9E4cEgRFcRE+jcDyR qRhE+xtRhP.Ic1'+,gRn.+7cD'+^d++xH3ch=+RhK
FLcF^R .cR1^CG'+^,d+cE+gR Bc|E+)
R +yR hG 7 Jy2'+Nc1'+cH)E:yR hK^C
^dh{P.'+,c+L+^,'+{P.%J3cdcBc{R E+ R ;{RG+' > Jy2'+jcR n.+7+
cB+^H'c,iBI^C.'+^,jcR n.+7+
g`dEc,5+y:)+^='+^dFJy2'+%J3cd+F
K'+5=dhR E+g9yBxE+9ct8+ R DR+' BIhR E+'+^dFF'cGcDLcK'+%J3cd+FI
%chGc,+Iy|K'+enK-^=c{+RhKKxE+'+hR Ec,*cE+'+%+5^++GcD%+7gR F+>g R+
*chG+ed{,i}E++zhEL
+^K^.cDR +' RhK'+enKLcR FJ
R
L ^9..+9'+R'c,Ig R+xH)+
>jc R+F^K^E+R+' )+-5c8)+5^R {+=Ged{,I'+yB-^R 8I'+R 7DI'+zn=I'+R /)+
R {+R E+gE'c{FIc.2FC+E+:5'+='+^d++xHdR .j'+^,^CgR F+
U+UHk7g7:Lg0U}H+L%gUH+.

KjcdE+IdE+:yE+c;'
+R'+>h`E+FgRFgR{0Ng`B:^EKcF#R {+RE+HcF
R
Rc) BchR Ec,ILc05cd9I%c{GjchBGDRhGqBR y{E+d1CgxFgh gL FcF
d.cRG'+BchBc/c=cd{.hE+gKR 3c}hC+IgR =ch0+5+I3'+2F^{nh.
R R {+R E+5+I3'+
gKxhR E+%7IyE+c.B 0yR E+:IFLcRt.D'+K'+)+-'+y+:I'+)+{+D=
-'+y+=e}KLkF+^dE+FI35++)+9E+=.5^Cc=hKR
R G+' cD LcdEc>FD'+
jc{hR E+^K^{.B'+uK5ch,M Bc1cnR 7R+' FNjc{.=}+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

*
TGj6f69K.&f-fnH
U

m=5gE5U H+7I=1H+.,g7'+klU 7mJgGH+7PkJbKmrU 7g=


S
O+U}lI:H+gGp1M}H+)+'+rHn+L3'+L5L|hH+I'g.)+-hH+kUgH+ngGH+
> ng U+ 2 I ngGH+ mE g1+: L g2+3 1U }+ 9gx8'+ )+ kEg:)g,
+UH+k7g7+bJOkrlJM}H+z82IgK5Lb,m=lH+kU;H+kUI+
U'+=g
U Nblg,UulH+IM}H+z8UbEkU I+>ng U+|K:
Ok7g7hUl.lH+kUI+>ng U+gUI'+Ogd8.%gUH+gl7'+}.lH+kU1}+n*gH+I
g.b=gI=m9}1Ln*gH+|K)+9H+kU K'+MbImG53'gEU +U Hk=+}I

R {+R Ec,g9c2


R Ng7c7:I=E+)+gR F+>g R+B^.hE+fcd7'+HxH
,i,^B ='+ck+)+^= K^h{EB'+ NjcF^2^.FRhh7RG+' H I'R +ed{E+
R
N
jcR C'+=LB%c{R E+cH)+R hBcHDghR E+K5c|FcE+chH+c.gK;-Ejc=+
+L /'c.IL-y8D'+jc=+iEcG,c+R {+IgKR ^{+jcHcE+GcKKxE+9ct8'+IgR /)+
3M ^= R |Kl1zd+K6.IyhKKxE+7cR E+^|1ckFHE4=N ckF{,'+ R EID'+chH+
:cBE+jc>5cB^K.+E+%c{R E+%(HR E+dK.+E+%c{R E+fc{1=Ky;fcd|E+F
R
e0+ByR }.IE4+=zd+=6R FR'+EKy2&+9ct8'+g{2E^R FcFR H5I^,O S =yKzd+3cEL+yG
gR EcBD'+NgKy,gF^+xH+I3R ' gF+xH
JE+g=+:jc=+IH^=c{.KxE+9ct8'+gBycF^R 1)+R {+R E+g7c7Rh.L+4)+
t.-+3'+cRG)+gh{+jc=nE%+y0)c,d8'+yF'+I
5.
R gR D  yR E+ = nh7 R {+ R E g7c7 yK. R)cB -5^E+ %cd, RhB cRkE+ ed{E+
R  cFR +'
gR F+>jc R+R+' r05'+FIcH^=c{.hE+jc=nE R<FkJ^FFRqhR E+Ih RF
^.FRh.E{+qq}E+Ifcd
|E+%c='
+I'+^1+IR {0M GI'+cE+gd RE+c=y{.hE+
R
R
hE+jcR C'+FI'+R {+FI'+y2&+{+FcD)+cR 7hN}t8R ' g{Gcnh+jcF^+
5ch1+FN5^CD':yR h.
M|
gG+ UIg7EngJgH+0'+IQ L}bH+kUI+>l UIn}8g,+4)+
#l.N'+LiH+kUF5'+bh.N'+#+4gE+N)+#6'gIOgF+LOg1OgNb9Lb=g7+JgG



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

%cB)cDgR F R cF%+3'+0'+Fjc R<+)+gR F+>jc R+FpchgR =D'+Jh{F=


5DRxE+%+5^+cH3^R qKcF%+3'R <.R +4)+cFR +' -y7'Et.^.I'+j+^h{+)+gR }t|E+lK3c1'
c,
R
cRG'+
R 8BchEc,I+1+gR,R Fc.IR .+5^,th{.gR F+>g R+R+' KExBH^1I
LcK'+j+^h{++1+FR.
j+5c.cd/)+R NnR {,eEc.I R<ELcdK5^. R.'+hR E+e>y.hE+gR F+>jc R+'c8F
uE)+gR Fe9cFR {+R E+
^R +=gR E+xHIx2'cKD'+gR F+>jc R+IqGc+F^K^E+R+' lEcRkE+ed{E+
R ^K
gd{R Ec,rR }KE4R+' >LcK'+g/cLg7c7dhR .'+FRChKIR {+R Eg=+yFg7c7dhR KB
g RFR'+)+R {+R E gL 7c7`0E+I(|E-^qhR +'+gR :Fi:I1Bjc
R+
R
R /gR F+>jc R+F*cDy8IqGcFCF=h7+cHFE4.3I^1,%cdR ;'+
Ec='+753'+
jcF^+h7HchdF=7cR E+}1+4)cB'+^dFgE'c{FHR {+R E+R+' =}B
,+yR E+ed{E+
R
R cFR +'
yF'+R+' ^1'+=tK=c:I'+gd;cB)+)+HchdFyG'+cIgR C2'+IL^=D'+
LcK'+-^=c{Fg7IIEy RE+J^1)+HR {+RE+5FF
mfHa*LkHHT *TG*f<G*|M-tMFfnH
T
fM|D&*T G

U+-b=gkUgH+kU+7L53L.mI'+,

O+5G4'+U +IkU +kU I+>ng U+2IU +-b=gkU gH+k U+Igl.


U+UH+g=H+-3gN6)+tgl0LG'+=g=6g)+h7LOg/gJ)+'++JgG
=glU Hg,LkU H+LkU =gl0+I+Hg,K}U/'g.kGLOgIg0}U H+L%gU H+:HQ E)+'+
-+Lg+bF=-'+}+L0U}H+G1=3bU+H++|K
gH+u,L2)+n+7qo,g0}U H+-g1bU I=kIgU H+LbU H+%gU H+-g1bU IbNN
kJ5gg,%gUH+U'+;'+-g+. kh,lH+E%g
U
UH+3b=3+37
Q
G'+I+5'+U'+b1'+=xNLN}8>IH'+I+5'gGHG'+Ok9}Eg0U}H+I
Ok9g2
U
UK3L'kU hlU H+L+J+L-b1H+0+NgIOghHg>LO+3Ubt+LHF'+Og9}EOgU7
k U+ k,}rlH OgELL  tL6=gHu,h.}I-'+}H=gl0+:H+p1ngl+
H|Hk+
U H+U K6Lg >5NngU +IbNbH+mH+6gIU +-b=gkU gH+
U
Q
GkUN}7'+ngUHL(IUHlNgIO-3g=UEUJ'g,2b+UI'g.L'+g UH+U0glJ)+=OEL
U H+=g UH+9gx8'g,%gl=+U'+)+-5g8)+5bLg+0N}2&+k*gH+3+}E'ulNS
5Kbl.L5Lb,UH+NUIU'+Ik*gH+:%gUH+.g==hGQ,SN+6gI
-bU l+LkhN}H+-}7'+:Nb+L:}g,%gl=HkhU Hg,}I'+lxNLluU 9



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

U 5L}H+IU
J'+gJ}8U +-b=gkU gH+k UH,glU H+gN}E'+kU F)+klU H+G}I
U
kUN5gl7+kG}83r,gUl7+gUlHg,U+UHk=+}Ig+},3+IbN+|,
kU JgI)+75b.Lk U+ghU .lH+kU Hg+sI+H+}.-2'+|Kn'+bhEg=g0lH
Qn+L3'gGU+UH+0lHk=lIn+L3'
+}N.UU/U+UH+k7gHG'+gl,grl7+
U
|K}Jb,gNU +' k/oH=k85LmN}0S'+H4b,sI+H+khF+}ILn+}8(U +LkE+bH
gHgl7+= U<+-5bF-3gN6Ln+L3'+
lH+ng75g+Ln+bl+.)+k0g+kUK'++G53'gE U<+g7L'+=H+k85H+n}J
IngU +LU +-3gl7+1hlU H+LkU IgU H+IbN+)+k0g+=OE-'+}+U .
Ob=G'+Q,sI+H+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 3:
Identifying the Real Problems and Needs

lFckF)~F)

g)jc.c)JEc})^L^

^K^E+i
O 0^CRG+' h+FgR +jc0c+IDc|+^K^Iy|+g1FI'+j++R h.
^h.cR LchD+ R C'+.^CjcF+xHR'+>B^Ky.cR =-^R 0L-yB i
O qd9'+IjcF+F

R c:)+N^d,3IzK'
R +jcFE8cR E++Ky'c8F

=g,U 5 g0kU GLgH)+tgllH+ngI+KgI U2 L'+-+


G5g.
N5
U
U Q .L'+ng0guHQ}Nb.
gG'+FcH>IgR F1>Ng RFFM KyBhK1E4ILh{FLc;c|Gjc0c+yK^.hKcFLcdEc>
N R I'+Nv+D'+gK^F%+75IcNcFK^0+hFI^h{+cD+4)+cFR '+K^h{+gBy,Lc=d7'+E
}}t.FgR F+>g REgR .IyR E+jc;c|R E+:g=+jcF+p5^.'+3R .RB`0E
Fg RFNgKy,jcF+0I3+yB'+I'+j*cE+,-5cK6d7'+R Dy}=%cEc,R 5/+ R<F
g7N{7'+=gd+c.+5+yCgR F+>h RF^h{h7++xH

L'U +u+ng0g+}Nb.kU=v:.U

ILkI+>k
U+t5g2%+2IngI+0)+ kJgUoH+-+
U
b+=IG|2'
+=9}1+L Nbl+
R
%+2FgD+y|Ec,jc0c+yK^.jc
R =%+y0)+cHFgFcD N-t,gR F1>g RFgKR +' hR h.
R
^CyE+g|LcR hFiD+4)cBg9c2
R NjcDy8I'+gR F1e.cFKLc9ct8'+%(HK^CKy2&+
r05'cB:+yF'+Igq}Ec,L
|E+
R cR hFiD+4)+cFR +' cF Ny}FF-}E+jcDy
R
R N dt,gGch7+e>y.
g1M-29ct8'+%(HFjcD+y|E+%cdB
R +gq}E+
R<F|h{.'+
R
R
=i}1)+en.Bj|+c|hD+gR=Lc8cGL+5I3K^h{+jc=F3R (.'+
N c;'+FjcF+
gKR ,yhR E+jc0c+I4Rh1I'+gR {GDc|FGcKN 9ct8'+I'+yE+Fg,c{E++I6Ic
R
'+ 3R .K'+ I'+ #.|FHcF gFI-5x1 NgKy,hE'c7+4)cB C+
R Lc,c7R {+ g9c+
R

cE)+}.'+R qh{.yGjc0IRhh7 #+4cI|.



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH

It5g+OhF='+mG7H+gN}E'+ QkHL32+3kU;LkUI1>k UI)+lJ'+


1yH)+M}HOgF}1LO+5gI3LOlFLkU K'+Og,}1b,Eb8QmFLkU g=kU I1>k UI
b.kUI1>Ok UIn'gJ'+%I6k2ILgUlHg,L;L)+nb=O+3UbH+
U U1
.,+LbEbF+JgGNb*gH+L1U }+IbNbH+U'+LgU 76g+5g=)+-3g=)+)+Og7g7'+
-3g=)+L}INlHO+3+bl7+g,g='+mGlH+kUgH+kUI+>k U+nb,'+bFL
-bU 0k U+mJgGg15g=)+
OL'U + H+ gI glG+ )+ Qk0gu, gU G U G5g. U N5Q . %+}0)+ = kHL'U + g.2 mJ
U
OgUN3glF+Ogg=U%+2k,5'+gI [G UNN}EgUEK+U}H+:HkhUHg,
gl0+g=LkU 7g7'+kU uH+kNg=}U H+O+h2kN|.h2LkU N}U H+klU H+OgxlIL
U
Q-}*+3x. U'+phHgILUG5gUlH+ UN}H+lH+Og=h7'++3 QiN5blHgN}H+2
lU H+ %+}0)+ b, gK}N.L -}*+bU H+ sI3 -3g=) k U2 N}H+ +|K N '+ = N}E U H
UG.}*+3+,L6H+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

*)yF)~F)

Chapter 4:

thF)

Planning

D7cEthR E+R /Iy|++xHxRK'+enKcFyKy.=Iy|+g1FgEchR E+j++}.


R
gR F+>h RFcK(I5LcF{.hE+j+y8(R +I:+y>'+I+^H'+5ch2c,CcH^|.hE+g0E+

:+}>'+L+bK'+3bU 1xlU Hg,'+b,+LL}+bNR )+5}U F koHgUoH+-+


ng;gH+L
U
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
2I9gx8'+-g1MlIul,H5+HkIgH+kU I+>k U+gN(L5.
 K N UH+ Mb+ = gN(LU}H+  bH+ gG H5+H E kUluUlH+ hH+L 5g=)+ N5gI
}I'+gJ}1gI+4)+LkU lulU H+hH+L6g+5g=)+-3g=)+=kNU 3gH+-g+gdl7+Ik=g+
kU7g7'+:+}>'+k//9xl7+O+bNbG'+7g
}+7Iu,+0'+I5gI'HQLgIQ7%gJ)+
hIQ5gIELkU 7g7'+kU lulU H+hH+5g=)+-3g=)+
gIO+%0L}+l.GkhF+}+LhUlH+LxUlH+k=g+.
gJgN(L5Li7gl.:+}>'+LL}+bKU'+gJ}8H4%+6)+
n+}8(U +

NjcKc>)+jc;c|R E+I:+y>'+,{KR
G)cBs:,:+y>'+IB^HK5c|+%+5^F,yK1
R
{.'+r05'+B^R 0NqG= Nj+y8(R DihP G+hE+jc;c|R E+x. R +4)cB-9gR k Nj+y8(R FI'+
xhR E+I7cEL,cCy8(R F R DK'+-5Iy:)+-5c8)+5^ILcK'+cE RHcDJy2'+y9cE+
:c,g/Ig9=I

xlH+k
r8

U =kG5g+=Nbl+
U
U k,+}H+-+
U
,c{E+}E+FR
1jc75c+B'+HcFy.'+=.'+^Ky.ctRhEc,'+^d.1
R
thR E+FL+%z0jc75c+B'+^tKc%cdE+cDE5+Eed{E++xE
R
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
k nb0+. }*+LUbH+ Mb1)+  =gE %gG}G k=g+ . = kHgUlH+ g.2 mJ
U
g.b=gILkrUH+|K=3gJ35'gEgILglU HgK3+bl7+nb,'+bFL-}*+bU H+klHk8gJ
M}2'+-}*+UbH+x.mJgGkrUH+U'+>g.+5bFN.gUlHg,Lg,5gIUUlH+=
nhH+b.INblg,UulU H+Lgu7UJ'+Ogu:+L+bhE.}7'+L=U H+IhGQUulH
IU'+Ig+,L-bNb+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

gUJ)+ klU H+ lrH F kHglU H+ kN} UHg, |K kU ;+}bU H+ > krUH+ kI )+ }U lU H+ U
|. g.3+5'+ g1  n+5+}H+ 4gxU.+ glUI 5g=)+ -3g=) kU=}E k . )+ k0gu,
gGkU /)+LkU +.gU 2=OEOghI%g='+3b=bNbU lEg.}*+3L}+
iHg7'+n3UbS1bFLOgUx8L}+I+LblNHUJ'g,O+}N|kU=}H+krUH+%g='+U.
OgN'+OghIng=+U H+E
U

k U+-bU +ng75g+LkU EgH+sI3


kIg+-+
U
cH4ctR.+dKhE+jc75c+B'+'c|,Lcq:+I.'++F.'+^Ky.cthR Ec,'+^d.1
thR E+FL+%z0jc75c+B'+oF3cDE5+E,c{E+}E+}qB)
+|E+5Ic7+4)
+1
R
R
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
hUlHg,-}8gh+hFuUlH+LxUlH+IoH+)+k0g+m=3UG5gUlH+UNU}H+UlH+b,
bFLl+glGgH+bN'
gl,gl1lU H+IOgFJ+k=g+klHl U2. U lE
U
hH+g.Gg+I'g.)+=b..}*+UbH+glGk0g+U'+= UG5gUlH+NU}H+UlH+G
kU*+bl,+75+b+,=OEkU7g7'+kuH+n&
gILg+LxGkU7g7'+kUluUlH+
U
K3L'75+b+%gJ)+0'+I.}*+bU H+glGIgH+gK+b,'
+lH+kNU H+khHgg,gJ'g0g.bFL
U
%M3gh+,ghU.+=H4L+:ng75g+E'+sI3=g9}1
+LbU H+=gJuNLH6gI%g,kU G7gU H+}NGOgU klIngU .gIbxl7+
6gHOg.g:L+|HkdhH+=U hH+FH+i
U rlJLkU +35++=+}J'+gHLg1
U
gGgUG-5Lg+5gr8'+FgK}GgUJ'+)+O+}JkU+jg2'+IoH+=lN
yH)+1+}+F+I'g,O+bU 0N5|1gU G
g U<LgGldh.LNbl+bNbulHk0}+1+}+0'+IUOg9gx8'+gIbxl7+
t5g+IU .%+2

 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HjT DfG*fnH
T

mlH+bEH+-}8ghIhFkHgUlH+} UHg,kEgH+%g,kHLg=kHg
U
UlH+g.2 .
U
IG'+bl+KI=gU.HkU I+>k U+IlU =} H+l r U H+gl G
.=gUI)+L6g+5g =)+-3g =) H+-b =g + U . 2 Ig UI)+L} +
= gKbNbL }H+L H+
U k053 '+ 5gl2+ 5gI = gU.+ U lE g.g=EbI
|Kk>g9mU}I'+kNgJnglIUJ'+=nhH+ngU,5%gUH+mU9go+h7
S
l=g+glGIM'+}I=gK}JLNg+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

go1O+5L3Lbl+3U (Np1QkhF+}IgJ5;

U k73gH+-+
U
H4lN
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
lrUH+LkU I+>gl UI,Q gl0+ U <H4M}0bFLkhF+}+k1}g U2H4b,
gEg*g+IO+3b=gFgE5g=)+-3g=)lU=}H+
#kl+ng=+)+JgU G)+}JgJg=G
#g.'+k=g+U3.lH+UbUlH+kI=KgI
NUlH+UF.b=L}+ng;gJ7=EgG.'+kU=}H+krUH|H+gI
#E+-53gIL
gILg,krUH+%g='+wF+n+}8(U +IQ3b=3gl=+=gU.+kFg+|KIOgFJ+
}7'+ UG. UbFgG)+UullH Q-}*+3 UGPk=5Ll7|UlH+%b,IQ}8b,
OEkl+L-H+
glJg,3L'+IkNU G'+gK3g.7k75b+vlEI}8'+klU 7b,
mU lEkU 7g7'+ngI+kU HL(+U =mE+LbF5g=)+-3g=)kU =}H+krUH+mJgG
IQ , kU I+ > gl UI . '+ = gU.+ gG g.b=g kI6H+ n+5gl7+ k>g9
khF+}+kU ==+}8)+

NlH+I'
g. k,gH+-+

U
U
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
> k U+ '+ b1+LQ vJgI = blJ gl, bE gJ35+I mEl7+ lH+ j}+ b, J g UG gU
O-EmF}l7+NlU H+=kE++kU =U'+LgU 7x,}hN+|KU
'+>kU gH+kU I+
U
Q 1-,U}mJgGgN}E'+7LsIgJ},=kHL(+U'+U7g7'+Q,H4U3}IL6H+I;'+
>k U+ U<IE'+b1'+58)+M3U '+g
U }8'+k,5'H+kN+b,n}2U 'g.glU Hg,-=
53g>LG'+Eb.Ok<Lb0Eg,kUI+

gG6++3+^=)+1}E+IKhR E+1}E+'+yC)+jcF+F^KzE



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

gR +5cn8'+FkE+C3c.FgR +jcR hR E+=L+3ch=+6c+}.



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

|Gc)~F)

Chapter 5:

dhF)

Implementation

,FL'+L}+hU ; xlU H++|KU Gb, &+L kIgUoH+-+


+4)+INqG{1'+=thR E+gR =jz'+^CiDc1gR d{G NgE{,zR h.'+dhR E+gR E
KRhE+y2R 'c.HLc=8D'+Dc|+ REI%{.'+F ^R ,y9cE+,R+' >LcK'+R+Ec1
6&c+xH R Dx2'cK'+thR E+=cHF{ RE+-%+35IcR E+,|h+:y+Ij+zn
hR E+y2R c' .I
R
+3cnK)+LcC2.'+BDc|+'+y.cF^=cRF+' 5cdh=+,gh+
 G4*G4f<(*,2f<(*K|HfnH
ng;gUH+IUI=,g=L}IUlhUlHg,kHgUlH+g.2mFO+2'+H+%b,I
gK%g, +LbN '+ NblH  6gI G'+ gF  g='+ I L'+ k=+ mU :
EmhH+HgI=OghN}.gUG%ghH+kUHL(IlE}KgI%g,Ig=-b=gL'+J'g,
gl UIkU HL(I}u.gE-hGO-5gIiUl.lH+g='+U GrNLI}U H+rNLiH+H+
-}7'+UHkUHgI-b=gI0LH+3+ILm7)
gG%ghH+3+I.=kUI+>
U
k=g0 UHk,gUlH+n&g+'+LgI)+tgllH+.mUEg='+IkJgUoH+k=+gUI'+
H++|KLg+'+kU *+bl,+k75bILU u9QG}ILgIL
IFQ5+bI)+=b.k0g+mJgGgUEGg+I P3b='gN'+ Uh UH+IhUlH+k1}I2
gIHkU I+>gl UI)+kI6H+kuH+|Kg75)
+U %ghH+IkU HL'+1+}+2m7)+
U
kNb,53gI=5oH+}l7+H|HOkrlJUI1QL}I)+kUhUH+k+|KN
U
U'+phH
g7g1lU =}H+lrUH+Mb1)++bE)+M3U +' g
%ghH+k

=mU
F
.H4>mFH+IO
g,
U
U
n+5gN,gH+iU.H4 UG+I'+ml2+bFkUI+>gl UIU+' k*g8n}7Lg=gEbJ+L
O+3UbH+gdl7+5glJg,ngUN+E}H-5U}lI
L}+)+O+9OghIEb.'+gIU )+-}7'+ U G=gEk=g+(Lg.M}2'+Gg+IL
U'+>H4|lH+=.7g
U
UH+U'+ vP u9g.,%g,kl+}7'+b=g.'+gUI)+L
b= U  OghN}. L}+ g,5'+ k// U I b,L 6H+ mFH+ x.  E I bNbH+
|H+ H+ 6g) kU*gJ kI K(Lg=)+ UlE .gh0+L |. = Uxl+ I %M5g;Q gl0+
7lhHNH)+L,+Lb=L
U 5L}H+IgE5gI'
+7I%g/'+nhH+%g,IkU *gU H+k1}+n+S' n+2'glU H+|Kih,
U
S
+' H|HOkrlJi7g+b=+H+%g,
U
UlNGh.+L5E3LUEg:)+HLgI=5oH+
Hm
2
lH+k*5g
UH+kJ6++

Gl7+gGH
U+b=+I}8'+k//b,L}+
U S
U

M|
#L}+-}NbIgl0+LlH+G'+qUoH+hlU H+nImJgGgI
#glU1G
#k9g+lEg/)
+}UHg,gJkN} UHg,gUulHmG'+
U



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 6:
Monitoring and Evaluation

51c|F)~F)

hF)JgdD)y)

iF+5 k7glU H+-+


9ct8'+n|h,chR EcBcEy RE+J^1)+.thR E+g1yFF %N znDgdC+y+'+^d.D i
O 1
'+h=ch7cdBE5+E5c=)+-3c=)+Iy|FgD5c|+=Iy|+FK^h{+IF.KxE+
gdC+yc,gR E+xHR {P.gB^h{+jc=+Fc.3^R 1hE+j+y8(R +=%L c,Iy|+gdC+yFI^=c{K
j+9'+6yBh{KER F'+R D5c|hR E+R KyR E+hR E+gR =9ct8'+R'+cBgR D5c|hR E+
jn{E+1IgdC+y+ExDcn{.I
R
khF+}+N}.

)+Jy2'+N-5cd,ELc RcDF9c+^R hE+gG5cFF5F'+jcKyF yR h{+RqRhE+.gdC+y+


#.{FLc1cRJ^FR +'
khF+}Hkljgh7'+

+I3^R  R/gdC+y+I^Ky.+4c+I5yR .'+%+5^+IiG'+=Iy|F REIgRF1> Ng RF REgd{REc,


D +L 2'+I cG D +I5yR . R / .c0cq, gB+E+ jcF+ FR ( h7 hE+ jn{E G3'+ 5+^+
R.'+chRH'L+yGI-yRBh+-5+3)+j+I3'+RH'+J^1)+HgdC+y+R+) gcRE+jcF+F^th{h7
%+5^+%(HcF^th{Kc1I'+%+5^+)+g}+jcF+}.c1EIy|+F 
hR 1
R
L%cdH3+Ic+IiCE+{B

F
U -}8gH+-+
^dE+J^+=:+y>'+yR E+I0+yhR E+IcqKR E:+y>'+,J^FgdC+y+cDhR E+}qK
R+' )+-5c8)+F^K^qhR E+F^Kzc,hR E+zR hK#g|+=Iy|FyR 7H#rq}E+Ky
RE+{.H
R
)+ Ng0cq,i{ERG+' )+-5c8)+5^hR E+^=gEchR E+ Kc+ 5cB'+,^th{.-dE+jc R+
gR F+>h RF:thR E+I.gKy;r.)+pch^CEcRDKc+xH+^th7+
gR cE+jcq}+BID'+Ng RFg,5cF)+pch^CE4=Lc:=E4)+gBc:)c,
UlH+kIbxlINgIk//

jc0c+IDc|+Ie7ch.Iy|+:+y>'+iGcD)+'c7)+R H'+H5c++xH R E :g,kH+kFg/L


U


=j|+R 1=^=c{.hE+jc;c|R Ec,-y8cd+{E+FL
cd7cFIy|+ ed7 cD)+LcR 1
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

g{Fc+ic;'+,.IE+j+y7 NgKx.%7jc1gR q}E+K5c|+^1'


+|hD+ck+d7
R
c;'Egd{REc,LcR7c7'+LcFc;{EHI  {+5z,
R
RKIyE+cC)+IcqKHIgCc RE+F +L dD +L 5+^FG'cB
ih2+'++F'+ikdEcFIgR ++7'+Lc7c7'+,hR 1}+0R )+cFI -5Dx+gEcc,,c}+
c|RE+Ig|+,Ne7c.FKcRhEc,gRKy7'+gG6++:
B gE+ gDgBc:)+cRF'+:+y>'+,r^CIy|+cD)+gREcE+Rqh. kH+p1IkUHgH+
rI RIy|+dR.++4)cB3+IiCE+Ic+FF 5N +^F,cFIy|+x.FRqhR E+cG'c8
rhR E+y8'+g//F'+IgR G+^F-5cK6g*cFIy|+xRG+4)+ELcR B+x1hK;g*c{2rh,
gE+l1FLcR B+x1hKB>
hK'+^,m^qKcFgF+^h7+y.# .+RxE+%chD+^K+zhD 2^hR E+^,g*+3^*+BFH kI+bl7+
j+^=c{+RC.^,hR 1gEF
R N-^R chG+=d<+KI^h{+cD)+RqhhBIy|+
G4*GK|Hfk6*fnH
b,kHk
U Ug=kUI1>k UI.}0'+bFL.%+}0)g,L}HkEg:)+-+mF
gJ}J k0L I hlH 7L5bU H+ 9xl7+ k U+ n3+5'+ L}+ %glJ+ = }8'+ k//
bH3,kKg+=gJ5+}9)+b=KUlH+MH+H+kJmJgG k
U
U+k U+
>kl+ng=+)+kIbW +-b=g+Lk=g+kG5gIKL}+-FgJU
'+gh1
U
ImH|KL kUHg+kH+ kH+p1IkUHgHg,gU7gg,OgIglK+G'+mJgG3hH+U'+
gJb='+bE9g+glHkh
U Hg,gIU '+-b*+U H+ngU H+Ln+2'glU H+ U Gih,L}+-FgJ
U
U
ng19)+UI(.L%g+0'+Ig+mJgGkU=}H+grUH+U+' glG+Lk7b,M}H+-5gN6
O+bU 0OgU ,grN)+H4gH+bhEg+n+3+bI)+L6g+

M|
#kI+bl7+L:g,kH+kFg/L5gIO
+bU0Og1g6}uNL}++|KU'+U.'+
U

k=g5+ngI+
bFx
lH+IkHg
lH+kH+
-}=kN3g+-+
U
U
U
U
kxl+7L5bHkh
Hg,
U
U
thR E+FgEchR E+gE+g}th{+7I5^R Egd{R Ec,gR =c5+jcF+^h,-2'+-+.
G4*GK|Hfk6*fnH
kxl+7L5bU H+ k0+}=k85LkU I+>gl UImIgF'+9g+g.%+}0)
+b,
U
kUg=kuJgIk UII}2&+Ogx8Lgl UIt5g2I/)+Nh2gJ=3bFgUG H5+HI
5L3%+3'+NbNb=Q 9gx8'+Ii S;KU|H+H+N}l,gFL}E=g=U6.:}=b,
gUGgUG'+H+IgIg.LNbl+IglG5gIgJblJ+H|HO
krlJ gH+Ig
U
U
hGQI=gKghlGlH+ kxl+7L5bU H+ I3P b=gNbH}UE.5gU H+kNgJLO-3g=H
gK4'+OkHg=h.GU7g7'+ghlI



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 7:
What Best Practice Means

*c|F)~F)

jc53c)C%c*1~)

#HkhU Hg,ng75g+E'+KgI
jc75c+B'+yHcF^h.j++d{hKIghR E+1FN1R DK7cR E+Ii2NIyCxF
5^cKyB'+f0m+^1'+sy{FKLcKR ^{0C+FE+=cG3'
+R d+ck+BgEc+gd;=
R
B='+Kc+h.chR Ec,IJy2'++^dE+F +L 5.D'
+R E
R
M h R 3c}hC+:E+R+' )+-5c8)+
Jh{+cDcFE-c+^C=%cdE+K^+-^=c{FHg1ch+-^1E+g75c+h.^Cy2&+NcF
&+gIgR FM--E+e{DI.+xE++1+%c,=K^h{+-^=c{FR
c) B3c}hC+
R
N +^0^,j5yR C/c1jc75c+B'+hKcFgKR ^n,i753^CgR F+>h RFiGcD+4)+
g;c{, R ,c0g`E+-2iHc+4)+E3c= yM F'++xBBIy<e7c.g75c+xHR+' K;
K^h{Fgq}F9c+5Iy>%c:5)
+)+{.iG'cB^Ky.cFjxRGI
R

#kd7'
H5+3%g,
U +-b0k75gglN'
U
R EIc,I5I'+gdRhFM-3c=HchK'+5I3%c,R+' >OchK'+I^dE+f5cC'+I'cK'+cKyB'+-3cE+jy0
%cK)E R<+FNcD>3^=chR E+|E+=+z.cFIiGcD:c+GyE+J^F=chK'
+5I3j+zR
R
{+DFK^8+yR E+F9+RhE+gRDc;'+.c2)+IgR{RE+IgRK^{+c;'+jc0cq,
thE5chB+IH3y NjcC=^;.gD.|BI-'+yF+I'+L05%y+KDRhR E+chR Ec,I
Nch1+I3'c|Kl1chK'+5I3jc:yR E+:.c,I5I'+BR +^}E+=c;'
+dh{F
R
R H5I^,h+R .c,KL+2'+IF+1qd}KIy|=g73c{E+^=0ytK
R /c0yR E+Icd}Ec,
R
R
,qK=5E+{7(R +cH4'+Lg0L-59-yE+xH7BchK'+5I3%c,dR qK7cR E+R'+I^dK
{7(R +%(H2=7FME3HdF:,)+-c+^C=+dKKxE+Rd+c;'+
c;'+gq}{7(R +5Iy,Rh.-5}E+xHR
+' >
R
#,%ch=+Bc;'+F^K^E+h, 6^K)+ e{h+g=c+}G7IBedR {.E+
K+4)cBExEgF6E+jcGc=)+B3IH3I^0Fc;'+g,y.=chK'+5+3%cdE}}+c+cG)
+
R
Lc=:+5'+RcD+4)+cFR +' ,}hR .Ny7'+:hKc=5BJDi2'+I'+gEc2I'++^R 0 RE
|KIgRFg9e1c9J^E05R ^hKl1j+^dE+B'+chK'+:I{B%c,yE+=
E+f
R 5g*c=FR 04N:I



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng75g+L%M3gh+E'+3grN)+
fM|D&*T *HM4fGjgT Gf+mf64f*K$L2fg*D&*2fqM(*fnH

 7L53L.mI'+,

gl<LgGkU N}E'+kU F)+klU H+G}IU +-b=gkU gH+k U+jgJ


gK302IU+IIgl.lH+kU+LkU;H+kUI+>ng UH=UbH+E.K
gIhH+H)+L}+=Nng75g+L%M3gh+E'+IO+3b=U'+g:LguJ
T6f6&*8fw7&*jT+E*HKE*HHtTkG*

HgEg1)+:INLglI%gG}8U +LlNU +0U'+J'+LguJ


El+IUIP}=ngU+LU+U'+J'+g=Og0gh.kUh;PkU=UH+
irN ,  O+bU 0 OgE .gKgIL .g0g1L F1 E irN glU Hg,L .gKgI IbU N
mFH+=k7UbIQn+x,UllNU+U'g,+=+
U I9gx8'+Ing0g+.1=k85LkG5g+b,g,/'+U I1 U<IgF
 Og*+3Kl7'g7L&+N'+5n}U >U H'+5NbHGg+U +%(KU'+Fbl='+
jTwTkG*f-fT<KjTH*=mfT*+T**|7(*

5+}>E.g UI,kG5g+=U +M}2'+kU I+>ng U+gJ(LgG}8rU N


-5+3)+Hg%gJ)+2IkH%g+L+LMH+7g. UlNkUI+>ng U+kU,
.+2 +bxl7+ I +|1 UlE Hg+ |K  ngU +L U + o U lN U / kNU F
lhF+}ILh.LL}I..+5bFL
<lEG*-T EfIKjTMa*J2Ka0D

H4|2'+U +IUJ+' glG+bH:+}I'HOk:}=LOg:G'+U H+9gx8'+bU .I


= r. LguJL 3+}E'gG I ;glJ '+ gE U+ I ;gUlH+ b= 5ghl=+ ,
gJ'+g=HHk=gH+k2xH+
U U JgI'+}H+H+LkU Hl7+LkG5g+
-hGQ-Fg,
U
U+UllEkNg+
gN}E'+j0g,5L3kUI'+sIgJ},kG5gIKLk7L58I-bUH+mHgF
5U H+)+k UH+IglJg,h8'+}I'+gGkhHg,FUlU H+=O+hG%}+lN



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

35++h,lU l.QkHL3-bU +k75g+


}N}EL35>,

fM|D&*i/jMT a*jEf<(*HHfkT G*fnH

0'+IkUN3glF+kU=gl0++glGk+ngG}
H+Ik=K 3I U
)+
U
U
Q
O1F+lN-bNb=
n
g150'
g
I
Q
=3grN)
+
=Kb=glEF
+9gx8'
+
U
U
-3g=)+=b=gN'+LOgUN3glF+U50'g+H+U'+>l+=Ln*gH+=
.gl3
ng+LnghH+=O+blIh7+U
U '+b.8gJ)+1PkU=Og,g73.mJgG
bl7G Nbl+b1'+gFbFL3g9+U.=Og:=k7UlN7gU H+gG}2&+
uJ#gF655bII'glHQ=3grN)+lJgUHgJ3}g7+}GU}uJLhJGgU.)+
kI+}Hg,lU lJLgJ}7'+=%P i=
)+K>=lU +L8gU H+>LF+9gx8'
+ulN 3I k
U rI2I
U
U
t4G 3I 6.gKI3glF+kr=N}KgN8gJLrlI;+I
FU Hn}UE.gIb=L3g9+kU GFU +9gx 8'+U N ng75g+E'
5lH,gH+L
9g+
H+=%gJ)
+JgI)g,U'+IbNbH+mh/'+bE=UbH+Lk9}H+
U
U
U
OgN'+.5+3)+gG
302IH4LUg+:Lul,vrNGhGQ ,O+UulIxH+N'
+hN
U
k*gH+3+}E'+L%gFb9'+IOkh8xH+'
+
O
g
N'
+
+ILng+=O
+
3gl=+k
9g+
U
U
gEgkl+n+L3'+IO+3b= 3I mIbxl7+gEbKhH=gU.+
3+}E'+ r .U l NH42I FU H k U + l+g F Ul H+9}E
.+5bFglG+=F+INU
ul+
U
U1n+5gILH+%+3'+n+5gILk+hFgIn+5gIUlN|H+U+w9)+
n+
7}U H+>L7}U H+=gH+k=+=:LH+9}E23}H+=:L
H+kU=gl0+LkUh UH+*+H+ Ux.IkdhH+UlH++



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

#1ng75g+E'+KgIl.G
1jc75c+B'+c|hD
= ;+I -5cKzE+ h=ch7c, cD )+ 'c7)+ 1  g}}thF
gR F1 > g RF ^0
R
c=gd;
53c}+IKIcE+gq*)+yG'+LgdhFhE+fyC'+-^d E+-5cKz,Cg=d +3++'+yC)+
dKxE+cFQ hG+IeR hE++xHgKcG73c{E+q+g
R FoF+y,=EI({+9ct8'+I
R
iGG)+gd8=-^FC+F^'+Ic1yF'+g,chC}}t.c=
R
gRF+>h RF-5+3)+{)+cG+Fe;+IcR,5L+^=chF1L+d2LFc=^0

mf64f*D&*
jT k6*,a<fEaT *9f0|*
fGN*T2fHNf6KHaG
NfJfHKjT8*H&fkGN*4fk6K
fk=G



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 8:
Building Good Structures

GckF)~F)

+^)jcF)#c*

kU 75kU I1>k UI,g;4gxU.+


^Kz+^.h{.RG+' j
O 5yR C^ER 7yR E+>,c RE+I7cc,g{hR +gEI'R +g1y+h=j6IcL+4)+
-3cC{I'+Lg%|.7gR 75>Ng RDinR {.ILcR 75L8h,i='++4)+jcF^+F
gcR E+G+E+IjcRChR Eenh{.ILcR 75qGc+IgF+,KI

H+Fg;3+}E'+,x
U lU H+
j+5cR7IyR 7%cF'+IjcR+cGIehFIjc,c{1fcRhDIEI
R
RK5+3)+ R<F)+LcR 1pchH
'+^Ky.+4cFJy2'+gKcE+hR Ec,'+^d.'+=E4=g,c0)E#-c;I}FI RFI*c7I
^.^Ky.&+I5Ic%+yBR 1N}t8g*cF^=c{.'+gR7c7'+g=nE#h RF2FR
L+zDy.D'+ID'+gB NjcF^2^.^,}t8E'+Ky|EgR 7c7'+jc0cc,.gR q9 NjcF^2
'+dKIg:yR )+pchc;'+rh,-y8cd+^Ky.iD)cB}}t
R RhE+qG9ct8'+nRhK'+enK
E+I3+xHIcF^R h7hE+jc1cRE+gR D=E4yR/+' )+IgR :5'+.LK;LchCIg:yR +.

gK~N~.L%M3gh+:L
58-5Iy:=%J3cd+xH^1'+ }KIc*3cd,cB+1+Icnq,g
R
RF+>g R+scd.yK
+xHd.*c7IR+) E)+h.g R+R+' Ig R+KyBF%M z0RGc' ,hR E+Fc=)+yK^+F+
1nE%+^E+gd0I^R .iD+4)cBLcFc RE+Ich,nEsc{E+=HcH+^1)
+RE-^K^='+^d+
R
KyDy RE+J^1)+H.ghI-dDjIc;
R 5+3)+NcG)+pch+xEgR Bc|E+IgE%c{+Ig
R C/+HgR F+>g R+cdhR .hE+Jy2'+%J3cd+F
R
e.cDp5^K'+enKIy|E+*c75Ijc}K)
+^R KIgR EcFgqF R DFFchK'+cF}t8Be7cF
R
C^.F%N znDE4I R<+0'+Fg+gKI3'+%+y|Eh7+RG+' jcd/)+FRhKIc+jn{E+
R
)+yR hGcR D+4)+rGc+KDgKcE+BcLc{,jn{E+1K'
+enKcDR {E+jc,c{+
R
R
%R 7N|,c+FgR F+>jc R+F^K^E+Fc.)+ed{E+3BL
+
5+y.IL
+
5+yFg
R Ec+*c{+
R

ng UHU ,}H+t4U H+


gRF+>jc R+,ExDIR =c}E+c+L
c=8D'+HyE+'+jc RE R ,yE+p4RE+R+)
R
gR ++yH'+%c,%+5IcDxE+{GHhR E+FR E++xHR+' )+-5c8)+5^I%+7^R 1=f+Ic|E+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

xHR'+)+scnR Ec,RP.^CcRG+' FIcE+%cqG'+gBcDcR E+jc=hEJy2'+*c7I3cnK)+


5I3LcGc1'+j,cE+I'+jcdH+yR E+FMg=yK^.gq}E++^FL
kFLcn1y9'+.cFLcdEc>jc R+
R
N +1c,FchKIdE+R ,ByKjc:yR cBcF^R 1)+NIc{hFNqG=-^R +gKc=yR E+F^R KR HI^EhR E+
 gKR kG'+ D'+=gKy;cRG+) gBc:)+e.+IyR E+cG)+=R {G'c,g{dE+c='+6c)+KI3cdhF
R
IchR E+sI5=^h.
LcK'+^R +H{*yR E+KIg<IgKR +' )++'cn7l1g*cE+g RFp4Jy2'+gq0cR E+p4cR E+F
gR d+g<E+xH=LBI-^K^+5cB'EchFIcFHgR *cE+jc R+:gh+E+gG
R EI
R
LcBc2'+}K+GcD+4)+ R KE4R'+FIc{Gg*cE+-3cB)+LcR 8ELcR Fy2&+LcB^Hg R+
6^K)c,:y+chK'+I^=c{KRG+) +EcC+4)+L+kDR KR EcGdKI
qG5+^qG+^=9ct8'+F^Kz+I='+^1+IN{*5FL8yE+,yE+yE+p4d|KL+4)+
yE+r7
kU ,}>kU I1>k UI%g='.

}Nb+

U<+

=l+=L(
Ix8
U

D,GIj+J
U k,5'+
+I'+0
ngIb+

}U 7gI'+

kUHg+

%+2k//

=xE+{*yR E+tKgKcR E+cd{.hE+hEt.Ic.hE+gd RE+=Ngd;R Dy|.


+c='+gREI({FR



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

>g R+D'+N |,gq R{FIg7+Iy2&+dE++yH'+cBgB5IgK;jc R+,+yH'+R+)


L+^R 0N-kDNjcd,{*yR E+=}K'+LcFcFG3'+ R<EdKBL+^R 0LK;{ELcFyH-^R +gR F+
E4yF'+zK1/+,9+hR E+{K'+enKE43R yFI
M|
,gH+gogGkF5L=k
U
UI+>l UIk,75'+
#*U}H+LOkh.}IJ3'+ U<+,ngh UH+3b=gI

D'+gKy;cRG+) dE+KLcdKy.r,yR Eg=c{E+jc


R+IgR=c}E+jc+
R
R
RD{Gp4RE+3cnK)+
i{R.++4)+ gL 9c2L
R ELcR ;+y3I R<ELcnR |Fp4R E+dK^ChR E+ gKR 5D4
R cH|F{^C
R
gEcRhE+y REc,E4Ig R+
 Lc*+3{EEL05{*yR E+KcFL-3c=  R<FG3'+,I,-nE+{Rh.I{*yR E+gdH3+3z.^C
R 7c7'+N|,c0yR E+=L+y1yE+gR C{
g{Bcc,===BcqhEhR 1I'+gCy.chE
enKLkFgR =R E+gR E+l1FNpchG)+^hELc:GcBgB^h{Fjc= R<+{
hR H'+F^KLcR B.c1Jh{F{ R Eg7R DR {+F^K+zhF3^=-5cK6

H+Fg;=
REg,+jc9++^K^F^RDc' RhE+=e7cFN|,E+=gRF+>Og R+^=c{.'+
7I(IyFI{*5I R<+jcd0+I^K^'+e}F
cc}R.+%c7(IyR E+^KD+^+Jh{+=c+cE+e9cEE+jc9+FR h.'+enK
'+LkF*c<E+,^hK=cE+%c7(IyR EcBc0yK^+cHznK'+:=c+7c.dKIm^qK
uE)+R *+xE+F'+1RoFcGy,gR F+>Og R+g=+5zR E+d2}t8R
k
M
g R+F^Ky.+4cFy.iG'cBL+4)+L+3^R Lc}}t.Ig
R dFLcB+^H'+c=e}GgR F+>h RF.
R
>g R+g<I{.'+dKE4x.=K53cE+ R<+)+g0cq,RE.'+gRF+>
-5+3)+{cK+zFR / R<+-5^CgR F+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

 U<+=3+}8)+

5^}FRF(K Ne.+5gR7c7'+3++)+0chqKRG+) L+^R0Ec{Gy9cE+)+ R<+FpchqK


NcDR <IcF'+IH3I'g75^+Ic RE+K5c}FIC65
+I3c0'+c1gF^+Fy}E+FqK
R
GcH4'+%c9=gBcqEE+FKcFIE+

N^Hqh,7c{1)
+HI+yKcF=%N 8RD5c7)+Rc:)+5M 8gRF1>g RF R<+fch7
M
LcBcDLc=3K{G'+ R<+cD+4)+^,'+)+I^K5|E++xHR
'+>Ky2&+^=c{K
R
=+y8)+=LI({F5I^,hKcFN }t8g{E R<+FtK'+enKjc R+F
N Fc=FN K%cC)+pchqK Ne.cD RD REB^,y2&+)+ NiCIF R<+yRDxK^R++y8)cB=
cqcFH+xH .'cD Nfc{1K ^=h{.gR F+>g R+R EI'+Jy2'+IgE+,
R +^F
g:c+g{E+J^F=
R
RxE+IKtRhE++^th7+FLcFcLcRd7+y8)+K3cK9ct8'+d,RhKcFIjcBcRkE+,
)+gFc+xHKKxE+7cR E+R+) ,e{1ILcR C2'+LcdKyF+xHhKI R<+'c8c:)
k,.cRGcF)+I3cFE+
rK^++^th7+FIcRhE+I%FzR E+=3I6c)+I3+=^R+E+=zDyRhEc,B'+g7I.
R|KI3+yB'+KRG+) B>hR E+jc R+FIc3cEc,NeH4nd8'+3c}E+rK^cBn|
hR E+I
R
DI:cGI.CcGIg
9c+zB+1B=
R<+^=c{K'+yHc+y|EIKyE+sI5
R
R
c{
c,cE+=9y1+I B+y8):c+FgEchR E+K5chR Ec,cE+LcK'+LcBy|F%J5cDi
O D)+
 LcK'+iG'+
fGqDK|H,4aG*$f+fnH
)+bNOglUF(IOg=L}IgGglEkUI1>k UI}Nb.G'+Q L}II P%0KrE
|K=}I'+U <bFL-}2U g' lIQ3=i0U lH+IQ3b=-b=gkbFkU *gIQn+bNb%g1)+
kG}8L'+Qm,UGb=n+3+UbH+:LULO+bU0.n+Ub+muh9'+&+LiN}FQb=Ul1g+
+|KU lNkJgH+L
lU H+Hg.3bU N'+ENbl+0'+I0 U lN|H+g+gIU '+
U
gHOg*+3OgF%.kUI+>k U+U)gE+|HkUN5+}l7+=-5bHg,L}+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

)+nb=lU H+kU =IQ%rG


g+Fk,+i9g+}N}. 
i9g+IUHk,+ng9++k>g9 
L}+:OgU Hg1NN|H+ U<+%+3'.%+}0)+ 
H+nghUlIi7g. U<ILU .IU g+H+Fg;n+5bFmJgG)+}N}. 
khH+lh>5LkH+.+5gIm1'+b, U<+b1'+},7'+U,5+}H+|2'+ 
}U lNN}2&+R U<I,LUlH+
bNb+jgH+}Nb+gkFg,gE
U
g1 irNgG=%+3'+I+UlNGkU hN5b.Q7L5bH U<Ik//2,b. 
 1g
}8'+klU 7Lb.5ghl2+-EI=3=k>g9 

I'+ y;c+I9yE+IE+cGIE+cGK5ch,Eg
FR cE+-yR E+qGg,5c+FR E++xHyK
R
R
LcK'+Jy2'+cKcEIRDgRF+>g R+-5^E+qhEcF+^th7+I cEN

 gF+^h7+%c, y|=cRkE+}E+FI+{E+'
+yC)+K5chR E+xH=jcF+=^KzE
R
3yR J^R hK R<+-5^C%c,R'++53)+ R +FJy2'+ NgF'+nBm^qKIy|+cD%+7
gRC^E+FN^Kz R<+=Hf+cBj|+ RER+eK5^RhE+hKjc R+dBeK5^RhE+
uE)+HzJh{F{IB'+N|,=+y8)+I
eK5^hR E+%+y0)6E+KhR E+=}+e}KcKR ' +xH
,&*|GPK|H,4aG*$f+fnH
iN5blH-'+}g,Og9g2O
U gFgN}E'+}8g8k=+5U Hg, U l.kU I1>k UIn'gJ'+
7H+kh UH+)+U0lNk9gH+InIg=2k U+mhl7+bFLngUNL}H+
U K}7'+0'+IQnF3grN)+)+n+}I-U H+%(KmJgG-hGkNU }7'+QngU HL(IU ulNL
U+ U0+L6'+gK'g,%gl=+ U=gGbN+lI UgIQ Ux.Lk.}IQ5g7'+ U<-hH+
U l U *g<LU'+>iH+nghU ; U GU =2-}8gH+9gx8'+I U Hg;'+}.L
UH)+khUHg,kUNHL'+
I=Qng=gl0+bNng U<+n|2'+bEku:+LOgE+bK'+-'+}g,9g+H+N
U
I.'+}I+IiNS O-3g=g;'+kNg=51 Qn+}:gNU GOkEgGbhH+%guJ'+} UH+
kUN+' n}<LQglK+ U'+ngl+Lng U<+bh.krlUHg,kG5gH lH+ kN}F
U
UG
kxIng U<+ngNU Im.ghEkU H+Ik7I-b*gE



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kN}FOg=h7'+ng U<+mI'gEj+ul,uJg+-b=gI,k U+n'+b, U /


ngUNL}H+bN}.gI1%gUH+-5LgOg1b= U/UIbNbHkhUHg,L'+K Q-U}I
+|K1Q 7L53%gH)HU }7'+xlU H+Lg+iGK U .gNU HL'+U'+vU.gEU.
9)+-3H+LIIgUlHE+3grN)+N}I'g,gH+ng U<+=gG:+
ng U<H khU Hg, kII muh9'+ gUJ'+ > kUFg8L kN; w9)+ kU = mJgG k7+5bU H+
U.gNIgUlHg,m.5+.+H+

~N~.LgU E-5+3)+%gJ)+
i{ExHR'+>gR F1>g RF{7'chEfyE+gdhR +gKy RE+Hg0R FgI'+-5+3)+{%c|G)+R+)
LcdKy.Lc*+3R .hE+.HRE(+g,yBIgEcR E+gR F+>jc RcBE4>5-^1E+gKy REc,
=|K{+R+' cGyD4I'R +}E+g7F{+E4gHc{F.l1I-^R 0-5+3)+{Ec
jcF^+^.FD'+C65e{,R Fqd}KIe.+5h, R<+'+^dK1hR H'+
chR E+znK'+cR E+-5+3)+{
k2K^h{+rEc}FhKR =Rkh{B7N7c7'+=R FP %c='+cD+4)+
gR FE+jcd0+E+x.=EI({+9ct8'+=J'cgdhR +jc7c{Ec,gRh+j+5+yE+4ctR.+
jc7c{E+9}BF3}+H+xHIK^h{+gq}F%ckh7c,gR }t8gq}FgKR +' -c=+yFI3
gKR xhR E+*c<E+=
3I^1yK^+ Rt.c1 R<+cE)+'cnK'+gK^,Ng7.I=^R E+Ig{E+yK^+rF
R
j+2gR F+>g R+=d{{BgR  Ng=c0F%++%c{R E+Ic0yR E+FLcRE( FcD+4)+
gBcD+G'+F



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

, yN {0%c, R hK{+gKR =)+ O cG++1c,KyK^+IR +Rk+I-3cE++(72F


dEc,Iy|K+GcD+4)+R+-3cE+HcRG'+Iy+B7I'+g=c+IgRF+>g R+
Jy2'+y RE+FIscnR Eg`: gL 9yBg R+xH0+.'+r05'+BgR FgR F1> Ng RFc
hD5cdFGHjc7c{E+9gR=2R ^hE+F^Ky..c1R+-3cE+=3cE
g8cGjcC=^;.B{+gKR Ec9+GcDc1EEKR ytB%c7(I5.I'+Iy|E
Jy2'+Ng0FgF+Ig R+Ig0FqGc+IgRF+>g R+,
9ct8'+=gkF'+Fc{Bc.'+gRF+>g R+j+5c+.+5cFR .'+ R 5IyE+F
R
%+5^FI jc|h{+  RkFN = oFcGy,   KxE+ :yR + %c='cD ,ch7+ dK KxE+
kIgR+Dc+K+GcDKxE+ R<+I75+^+
JyKc='+c05,R'+c  9c+cE+R
R
gR F+>jc R+FR+' )+L+yGgR Ec+cKKxE+9ct8'+I 3^R nhFN5FFjc R+
g`R 7gKy,gR Ec+*c{+yK^K
F^K^Egd{R EcdBE+jc9+F^K^Fs:,g,hF-5+3)+{%c='+*c<I.'+enK
^=c{.E4)+gBc:)c,e}+RE.-^R Fg<E+jc9+FR h.'+enKcDLcFcL-^K^0g<E+h.
c,g<E+c=GR K'+ R 5IyE+FBFcE+9ct8'
c,Iehc,{+,5jc9++xH
R
LBLcR 2g,hFhEc+chDE+jc9+F.'+enKcDE+Cc;I{+ '+dE+
dKIgR FE+c='+'c|,j+5+yE+9L+^,'+2R ^hKE-5+3)+{R+' r:hR E+F^R ,E4=
3R ( KcR %c8'+xHfch0+5RxhKRG'+>g9c+HcK(
I5e7cKN|,{+g7c7{. R<+^K'+
R
3c}.jc1)+

kU I1>Qk UI-5+3)+LH+Fg;,kFH+
=cFcFc/+xR{Bg7N {7'+=g*cC-5+3)+{IE+Cc;,gCE+iGcDc1
yK.gR =gHc{+I{+)+jcF+BhEgR FLcCy;E+Cc;dhR K'+enKKcFB'+
)+pchqKHIc:KIcdKIjc7c{E+xH=5c;)+E ^R h{K'+=+4^=Ijc7c{E+
+xHE+5c;)+:{,j+5+yE+xthR ENc

H+Fg;L-5+3)+-5bF%g,
R.'+gR F+>g R+g=ch7c,{++xH%c='cD.+5cF%c,)+-5+3)+{%c='+pchqK
E+R hKhE+cKcE+=D'++RhKIJy2'+gR F1>Njc RF+I5IzK'+%c='EcDLc7I53



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Ich+Ec,Lc{1+{
7(R BeK5^hR E+E+Cc;+D5c|K'+LcK'+7IIE+Cc;Fc=
R
> g R+ jc0c thR E+   }E+  gR + gR GGcE+ -5c|h7+I 35++ zDyF ckF yG'+
 gR KhR E+gR F+

k<H+LkU xH+L*
}U H+
U
RG'Lc{*5rd9'+dB{*yR E+e}FEcK0xE+ed{E+IHzR
hE+gKy REc,%c7(IyR E+-5^CyR/c' h.
R
gCc RE+IgR FcK^R E+F^Kzc,gR 04D'+{*5zR hKIh{+{*yR ELcR 7D'++RG'I'+R FN}t8,+
gR }t|E+-yt+=y2&
+dE+IK^h{+=cK(IyR E+e
R
R }.c1'+,cK(IyR E+I
#=Jh{FF{qhEgBy+xH^th{.IzR
qKcF75^.'+H#%J5cE+cKR +' {*5iG'
+H
R
M
y|=lEcRkE+}E+IC5K5chR E+)+yG'+E4rR 9+4)+
cd1)+7'+.BKy2&+gF^t,RhKcR D'+.59gKh,RhK= R+' {EiB=++4)+
Fc.RG+' . M y;HILI'R +gR *cCI Nj+%+y0)+%c|G)+=EE4>5^R 0N =gK3'c.GcF)cdB
+I33R KEN 9ct8'+FhCIQ F)+gKR 3+^dh7+jcG++ytG+I3FL+^R 0K^h{+I R<+
5IyEc,Oid9+P' c1dh,
=sy.'+=FI R C N^*cD/'c.3+6cRB{*yDzRqKcFcDcFgEcRhE+-yE+753'+ R/
}7FI#gR F+>g R+gKR 5+yh7+=Bcq7FL+^>gR dCNg,Ei:yR .E +({E++xH{G
R
DH3c85)+ID'+LgREI({Fh+*c2rFI R<+F^Kz+f+^hGc,'+^d.'+=sG #Kc+
gF+^h{+-3cE+F%cd,'+^,)+E+7gR D+RhK
FjcCE+^;.FD'+o*chR E+GLcGc1'+{qKR FcK^E+IKR R +%c7(IyR E+R+) LcK'+chR E+yRB
g R+E+7=E4yR/(K^CF6,I'+cFN F6FL9+hFI +L 2Lc=+zG Oi0+I+4)+%FzR E+
}E+yG'+gR F+>

gH+=g+H+

U
;+}bU H+5+}H+4gxU.+kU =

c1'+,iK}hR E+IK'+5%+^,)+3N yBR ER qKl1gR ;+y3NgEI^,dR |hR E+)+h RFpch


cF%M 8%c7+4)+gR EI({+R qhKcDR *cR E+5+yE+xthR K'+%+56E+{*y,d8'+{*yE+=K



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

c1chR Ec,5+yE+9gR =H>+D5c|K'+I^R E+F^K^E+%c7(IyE+=e}KRG'+>


E+Cc;I{*yR E+,I'+E+Cc;I-5+3)+{,5++gFcC)Lc%c7(IyR E+RF( K
nKIgR ;+y^R E+%+35c=tKI'+gR F+>g R+: R <IN h2c,ddR {h{B
g R+:I=:+5> R<+

+1g,Ul+%g9)+
K RG+)  + cH5K
R '+ dK hE+ j+5c+ R H'+ J^1)+ H +1c, {hR +I =cE+ %c9)+
5+^9)+I f+ iCE+ qF 2 F y=c|FI 5cB'c, %3)+ = y2&+ }t|E+
R -^=c{F
hBc/e7c.hE+*c7E+=Ec1)+hG'c;Ig`7'+sy;IgnR |+j+9'+

=cE+%c9)+
<f/M|
Ul1kHgUEOk>g9,l>g9U/}2&+xH+'
U +5)+%g9)+KH+*g7LE'+UH
OoIJ'g,FglNL+HU ulNOg=:Ib0+|HIlU .mG)+L
gIU +' lFLbN}NU HbhH+)+O+I'+hrNN|H+%g>'+N3gU H+j|rNU },P+1b,
n&+ I hN N|H+ w+H+
U gU,5 j| '+ ++ kNg1 'g8 E }I'+ Kb1'+ UJ g1
gIkNg+L-g+U +U G,OgN}<++lN9gx8'+,U+' gGK}N.
}UHgGb,/gQ+1UlH+KO+Ub0-EkHLUbH+U+' >kUN3glF+sr+mJgG
#hH+jbU H+gH+iH+i/}1'
+N'+H+b7'+
U
3U} Q+1 U'+ lF hN  I /glN '+  OgEU}lI OgFIQ x8 UG xE &+L
QFI+4Ogx8 Qb1+L U GbrE U / H4)+ Qk0gu,uEg+ 5U bNlFgG)+ L'+ klU H+
OgU*g/OgN}EIUNL}NgI
b=gN'+=}=gIIgIE'g,}Jk0L5LUbHg,gI Qb1+LUGUhE&+L
l=gl7+5bFl+
gIE'g,N}8Ig7lH+kUrg,gG'g,k=+gI'+Qx8UGbNU/
gI+1+L-}NgI}Jk0LU.)+E3,G5g+'+5.N}UlH+MIH



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

-b+ng=gl0+b=
D'+ c0I B'+N |, cF -3cB)E y RE+ , E)+ |E+ )+ jc=ch0+ F I(.
%L c:5)+ILgR ;+y3
L+^,'+}GINg=c7=^Kz.BL+^R 0LgK;.'+=9y1)+
^,R EiCE+FpchDLdC3^R 1ch0+{hEF^th7+Ir:+IN =oFcGy,y1
R
y2&+^dE+)+hG+IiK}RhE+=yF'+sy;)+iCE++xHyK1I
gEchR E+gE'c{++|CcK'+^Ky.iD+4)+LkFgK; gN |CcF)+pchhE+cKcE+}B+'P
J^+=E+=zRDy.Ig*5c RE+jcF^+FR.'+gRF+>ch RF=enKH
FcFx.=9y1+I8cR E+ExEy RE+^,FgFcDL-B}}2
R #K RE+
Njct{G+=6R KInn1+GI^K'
R +gKR C%L +5&+KxE+9ct8'+=LkFLcd{F qhR E+
+=cF
K9ct8'+,cD+4)+#LCR.FIE+c;'+Fg,c{E+jc=ch0+yR
B
R
i=3+4)cB-^1=9ct8'+%(HFm^R I='+=cE+%c9)+-yB)+^BE+F
J^1)+ R EI*cC3m/^,E+=Ch7RG+' chR E+ch0+dCH5Rx1g0c+
yRBIed{E+={G'
c7cB%c{RE+ RREIE Ng9y,3cEc,gR/)+jcRC'+
R
%c{R E+FI'+gR C'+g=c+Fch0+^=ch1+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ch0+R Ed{FNch0+^=K'
R +#E+F%J3cE+KyE+R B
R c/*c=FH
#R 7c7'+ch0+KyE++xHgRCg|CcF3I3IN}t8F-yR FRD
enh{KH#*c9)+^=I'+9ct8'+gR ,gKyt7I'+jc;c+ed{,KyE+gR HdkP.H
*3cE+9ct8'+^=c{hBhKI+6FE+E4rR 9+4)+#5^CFRNgKy,7cR E+
jc=ch0+LchCIE}}2E+R
hE+=,5R ^.cDcq:.I*+5&+g0+F=
R
dE+yqK9ct8'+,cD+4)+hR HdkKKxE+9ct8'+)+m^R  R /gR 7c7'+
C1F9ct8'+cFy1IyR .RG+) ,g,c=33yR i{ExBRhE+g9yBFy2&+
dF>I%R 7
M yR }.RG+) gR ;+y^R E+

kdU 7Qn+3g=mhlG+bFl=mJgG+4)+

jc=ch0+  :E+ 3{hB g`R 7 Nj+3c= g=+  9ct8'+ e{hK c1'+ ,
+4^=j+9'+.I-kD j
M c;cFm^IE+9yBF=C9ct8'+h{KI
J^F=hN|,g=+.'+sC)+g|Cc+-.IFthR E+I R++xHy23R .^C
c,I'+gEchR E+j++gBcDznhBgEchR E+g,5'+jc=ch0+

xE+}t|E
'+
R R qB R 9'+R DF'+c{E+,ch{KcD E+c}=ch7+
R
^,c,R 5mRkE+*cC^R E+6Icnh.iCE+F-3^R -^R ERhK'+^1Ic}E+
y2&+N}t8)+c}E+GR hKE4
E+H5I3+x2'+5chGc,.yR FRhE+N}t8R 'RqK f
cBg;5R h+jcR }t|E+)
R +9ct8'+yR hK'+I3Fg|+=gdR }Fg|Cc+d.'+enK p
dhK'+B'+B8'c0g;c,5+I^h{KhR 1pIy+=,c}='+9ct8'+^B+4)+ 3
g,5'+^, %R {E+{E+hdCc=7E4)
+cdhGcB E4)+L+kDIy2&+9ct8'+
R
gKR 3ch=+Kcc,LcF+zhE+D'+Nch0+.+4^=jc=ch0+

}=pHgUoH+H+N5gUlH+j}U 0O+bIH++|Knb0L+4)+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

/+RIg=,2P +~J'gN1
gR F+>g R+E+7=E4yR/( K^B*+3N+z,g{hR FF6,gCE+iGcD+4)+
g9c+.c0cL
cBIc.E-^RFEI^d.^C g|+xHg,5cy RE+J^1)+E)+
R
g R+Rh.'+R 1I3JE+jcB+i,+4)cB+zR E+R L+^0x,'+E4R DBI
gRF+>
.+5+y,+zhE+=gB++KyE+DFe;+ILh{Fg{0{*5^0 L'+-+
gEcRhE+gR7c7'+%J3cd+=e}GLc:+I+zRE+gR2qRhEc,g{+{*5'+^dK kJgUoH+-+
g;5R h+jc}t|E+I9ct8'
+rEc}F2Fg|+3^R qh.
R
h<,ch1c,r05'+=R hFBy RE+D
RhEc,RhFBy RE+D
=rEc}+=zRD5+xE++xHR+e1c9h.'+^KyKcHDr05'+=
jcR }t|E+I'
R +C++
%c7(IyR E+FRhBR 75N ch0+ R +' dC+zR E+g1D'+R>hK'+g{+{*5e>yK^C
I3qK^C+zR E+;5R h+y7+P' F-^1=RhE+R+' cDgR F+>g R+:%FzR E+I
F RFN |,E+=g*cE+%c='
+n|.E4=Lc:=z++zR E++xH-5c/)+
R
+zR E+R 10'+
-^1=KyBR DFg{+{*5RhK koHgUoH+-+
R}K'+Ni},{*yR E+IcqBm^1cgd{REc,yGg0I3y{E6E+iCE+KyBRDcK 
m+^1'+j+{.,FgR +m+^1'+
)+{*yR E+enh{K R /cRDjcG+=dhR E+ R hKhR 1%I^,KyE+)+%c9)+ R hK 
KyE+DpchqK Jy0cFRD9}t,e:c>IMKz1iG'+DR .'+ KyE+Dy=c|F
R DFgR E+xHiR+4)cBy=c|+x,E++=+Fy=c|F={hR E+IK'+y,%3)+)+
I'R +KyE+=-53c}E+gn=z+y=c|+=
RKEy2&+KyE+R+' K+xB-^1=NKyB
R
gFR cE+Dc|+Im+^1'c,r05'+=N KyB R E-dDgC5I=gq* ^R K'+{*yE 
gq*E+xHgqR 9=KyE+^D'c.Fg:c+j+{E+iCIhE+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

y2&+I  rEc}EcD
R  KyE+ ^1'+ }. F cRD jc1+ t. '+ = {*yR E+ 9yqK 
RG+' =F^R KIyO Ky.y2&+ }t8y{K'
+^1'+ R qh{K LkFiC+4)+7'c, yKy|EcD
M
R
 ^,Lcq:+I{EyF'+R+' c y7^CyKy
hR E+R'+^hK{*yR E+R'+KExB 9c+=
R
P
KyE+DFI'R +ch0+{*yR E+ RK k,+}U H+-+
nR hE+^=Iy2&+)+%c9)c,NKyBR D^K'+LkFIy|E+,:yB)
+g0c+=^.^C
R
LcR}t8=
{*5h{K y|E+
R gDsyP.qBKyE+EgR F0E+%cF1Iy|E+cKcC.^C
R
R 'By RE+D+1+gR H'+=3^R |K'+cDcHk.hE+y=c|c,IchR H'c,K'+gnRE+
^=K'
R +g{+{*yEgRFNg1yF^=cR.+m^qKB)+IE)+9
R RhE+RhKcR.+
g|+s9)+0'+FE+=%y+.HIgR :yB3yR cRG'LchRC(FgE+.ch7+
^,g^Cg,N{hF
R NeDDKI=4qh{K++xHK9ct8'+dBgR 7c7'+
DIgR F+>g R+dh{F0'+FEgByR |+gd RE+=R.yR qhR E+)+KyE+B3
+1+R ,yM K^0E46c)+R+'
:c+FFchR E+ kIg+-+
REcGc{GI5yR h+KyE+cRdhKhE+g:c+m+^1'+HcF3^R qK'+gnRE+{*5=
+=+I'+eGRxE+=NE3FHEE4=LckFhK3+^=)+FRG+' =^.IyKy.gCy7
>R *cGR1)+9E+R+' RdhK'+5yR h+KyE+yK^CE4Rr}Kc1#,
c=cR.+hE+J^+-^dE++^H'+^K^ k73gH+-+
U
K+6cFcHD7r05'+=gF3cE+{+j+{E++yR
K'+KyE+'c7)+
R
)+cHDrK'+ 0y+F#cF
R D^KyK+4cF.+4d+c,R 5Ic{GgR F+>g R+
R
,cd}FCE+cR,5Ich<,ch1++^KyKcRG+' r05'+IgRF+>g R+2
)+c0chqKcRG+' cDjcR EI({+F^Kz+hF+I'+{*yR E+K'+^KyKcHDR+' h+F
GKcR =:yR Ec,+y|KDr05'+=yK^RhE+
=EGI^KyKcFR D+EcKEjc+xHkF9ct8'+R+' )+-5c8)E{*yR E+yK^C



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

D'+gR EI({FR qh7LcKyBR+' c:+FjcK{hR E+FLc=GRqh{KRGc) BFc= R D5+y>


> g R+ rEc}B B E4 R qhE LH'+ g}t|E+
R xH iGcD c1  LdC cR qhK cD cR
 gKR EI'+Lc*+3hgR F+
yR }hR E+gR ,cFLD9KI-^1=R D+zR E+y,L+3^R hK'+gnRE+{*yE
+4)+ cRhE++LkFKyE+^1'+K^CgF3cE+g{E+
+L 3^R cH5IzK'+cH^KIdh{+
R


.'+= I'+ By},9I'c{BgF3cE+g{E+J^F=,c}='
c,RqhR E+h{.
R
=cE+%c9)c,'+^d.'+= I'+ N v'cDhFcFenKII^={Ey2&
+KyE+R+' NKRD{G
R
3c1'+IJIc|E+xH
R DF=3 I'+ -^FjcFFRh.'+By2&+KyE+)+
R
 -^+Lg1yCEedR {h{B
|K'+ILgBcDc R<F)+{E+GcCg
R F+>g R+^R hELcd7cFiCE++xHK^C
R
+xHcdR.+K'+enKIR {+8yqhR E+IyR hE+IeE+j+5kD*E+>O {E+GcE++xH
R
g<Ec,ch1EhR 1IgCELcR 7c7'+Lc;y8,g<IR DjcdRhFFL+%z0GcE+
5+xh=+ k,gH+-+
U
'c, 9ct8'+ y|K qB KyE+ D F g}F Njc=ch0+ ^= )+ {E+ +xH pchqK ^C
^B  `t, K5yR h+ e{1 E4 = EI({+ K '+ ^+ F gK; N-E eE+I
^K^CgRKzG+gE+E 7&+RG+) L*cC5+xh=+^R Ky2&+KyE++7EH^=c{K
c7&+cG'+I05 j
O y{D1 +L 30FD'+ 'cc,5+yC)+I3F7'R chR E+F5+xh=+
=cRG' M7&+cG'+ c/)+KD gL Ky;^09ct8'+,jc=+zRE+'c|.1+xE Jy0
cF=7&+R EIK4(I+' '+^}C'+y2&+y|KDLcGc1'+{G'+RG+' ='+  N2
 fyC=FE+)+ch8'+ I'+ iB
gh+jcCI'+IgBcE+{15c|
hR E+ kIgUoH+-+
R
)+gRE+}h{BLcK'+gRdE+IgnRE+{*5gD5c|fy|+ID'c+cD5c|hKcKyE+cD+4)+
cF R DRhKDgE3cdh+jcBy}hR E+rq}.Iy=c|+g}.qGgK+^,cRG+) L-'c;It.IchKcG
-^K^0gq9rhBF



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kU I+>k U+5I'+}.b=

U
gkF'+ , ^R G c{E+ +xH  %;c+ cnR.+ )+ gR F+ > gO R+ F+E+ F ^K^E+ B^. ^C
BFc='+cRDiBy=Ij|+FJy2'+Lc=+G'+jh2+^CiD+4)+gR 04R E+

k+ 
L'+bUH+UhlNLN'+5%+b,)+N}2&HulNLhH+,)+N U<+
hGQ+~,hhU lNlU 1

kl+ng,5g+
C'+=L-^1+IL-yR FKyhR E+g75c+Fe;+I}E+'+yC)+ %c9)+=-^=c{E
 g|CcEg=hF:+F=5kE+2FKy
hR E+5yR .'+
R
KyhR E+fyR 0 ^R E+dR .=-^=c{E
}E+yG'+ yE+:gEcBD'+E+=7cR E+-^=c{
}E+= R;)+ L+2Lc=6c.c=6chK}t8-^=c{

k+ 
k9g+.+~U
L'+*g<L9x,w:,N U<+
U

kl+ng,5g+
gq:+INjc9+F^K^)+-5+3)+{e9cFcBcNe}FR DpchqK g<E+jcdRhFr:I
R
+4)+I'+K^h{+I'+ gL d.yFG3'+ R<+F*>N |,9ct8'+yR }.+4)cBg<I RE
R h.IE+jc9+FFgG5cc,H(I+3'+eOC+yKP '+^+BE+}C'+H3+ExdK
RhK'+dCj+7mkEg<E+I^.LkBh<, R<+cBhq7hE+-^R +-2'+xH
gR FR 7^=^=chR E+)+ R<+gEc1)+enKI'+ch0+yF
^,IIK5chE+fyR 0 K^h{+ILgd.yFG3'+ R<+cD7{1
R
N
-9=g85Ih,LkFg R+p5c2FN}t8cDJy2'+jc,5cF=5kE+E4
Jy2'+gR F1> Njc RF R EI)+I'+&+yE+FgR F;cF1jc|CcF%+y0)+I'+
cF^h{.Njc,5cF



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

}t8I'+K^O h{F3cnK)+I=g85IcHR+' :B)+ 5+I3'+khEgKR E+-+3'+^th7+


^R :dE+ R<+5I3cK3R ( Kl1N^|FkcFe;'+gBcDNg=cn|,chR hKg R+p5c2F
1yBLkFLcdEc> RBgR F+>g R+ R<FcD+4)+^h{+^R : R<+I'+}E+
R<+
R
Rk+BN ch,GFcKI5c}E+h{K5cdE+
R<+cD+4)+I'+gR }t|E+g`7'
+FkE+
R
R
%R {E+{E+kg1F'
c8BqKI7cR E+^}KN|,{E++xH^{EcdK'
+
R
R
cBgR *c)+I'+gKR 7gR 1y{Fg,5c+xHd.jc R+,rh.C++.)+B^K'+
cH4'+-5c*c,F RFN|,E+;+F3
^R '+
R
N7GcCd.=}E+-3^R HcDgR Bc:)+-+ }.
R 7GcC9
g<E+jc9+FF%N znD+=
cRDgR F+>g R+:Lc`K35+y8)+cD+4)+}E+)+yG'+ +y8)+Jh{F{1
R
cR,5R 05c2f5R ^gGch7+FgREcBD'+g,5c+E+g85IR|h{B

k+ 
kU I+>k U++bK'+bxN-5+3)+U)+

kl+ng,5g+
-y8cdEgKy RE+R|.}E+cDy;c+I9yE+IE+cGIE+cGK5c
R E
R
R
hR E+gR ,
LcK'+cL R 05c2Lc,5R ^FyF'+eRhK'+h+FE
gF^2)+c,R 5D'+gKR EI'+hBhR E+)+g0c+dR h.'+e.+y+h^=-5+3)+=dK
%+5^+pchqK^CcDgF^+jcRC2'+: R<F RDeK5^.-3c=)+FhD5c|FI R<+gKc=5
gK3'c.GcF)c,R'++hdkK'+h{KKxE+9ct8'+cFR '+eK5^.-3c=)+)+gd.yFR D^=By|+I
E+F+By}K^C,+RCKB-^K^+gKy RE+BIE+

k+ 
N*}U H+bN

kl+ng,5g+
m^R qhR E+h{KKxE+9ct8'+3^R 1{*yR E+)+gd{R Ec,cG3hd.yFiGcD+4)+}E+'+yC)+
KxE+9ct8'+H#qK+y.FE1F9ct8'+FR c' .c,yR }hKhE+gKy RE+9}t,E)+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

#}KNgKy,Fm^qhR E+h{KF#-5+3)+{F3yB#^E+I#LcdEc;cD1By=
%(H=c{Fcd1)+dK+xE5Iy>I6zR KE1eh+7cRE+FMg=yRBh.^C{GiCE+
L+5+y.IL+5+yFcEI+z.'+=/'chR Eg{,Ny;yRB7cR E+

k+ 
O+~UulI-5+3)+bN
kl+ng,5g+
HcD.{Ey;c+I9yE+IE+cGIE+cGK5cg|+xH)
+yR hR E+ R
R
R
}E+-3^R

k+ 
bU UlH+F}NgH+~G+}+U+3+}E'+
,gCy
hR E+,gF^+;'+-E+F'+xE+}t|EE+^Ec.rh.I
^R E+,
R
R
cHy7'c,^R hR E+gR =c/+I'+R {FM 05CyKl1jc R+'c|hBg<E+%+3'+=.5^C=yR E+
-5Ic+g R+^R :g=*c:yK^KI'+Lc*+3Lg>5cBeK5^hR E+g75^FnB

kl+ng,5g+
KyF'+xR.'+g|+xHc.g RFR D=
gF+y9D'+=jc9+FI5ch2+KcF3ch=+=dh{+gEc+xH5+y.^=F^RDc' h.
yK^+I-5+3)+{gd{R Ec,s{+I+j+3c85)+:g05^+K6++I,+E+{I
^FcH yK^FF}RthE+Fck+d7=-5+3)+{RhK^C3yE+FFch. R /
qRhE+{+g=ch7c,EgF6E+gKc+<.Iy8EyRB.^BFc=2^=c.5chGc,
5ch2+I'+.cR 19cG7.=z0c=B-3I^.c7R+' Er:K'
R +gqRE+hE
L+^=c}B iCE+ E4 xF +ByK '+ {+ 3+yB' I Fc= F D' E+ gCy= I'+ 2
gR F+>g R+HcHcR KcF +I5yR K'+cD-5yR h+{0+HIKIc8)+%c9)+
Lc`8yF'+K^C-5cdE+xH5+y. RcF+4)cB gRF+>g R+dh{F|CcGcG=33+yB'+
hR hKRkc75)+=9y1)+F 5N +yC=}+yF'+zEcF+4)cB R 3+^dh7+5I3 FLc`|B
pRE+I%I^E+=gBcqEL+5x1K'+Rk+=IcH^1I,ch0ELcFcENIc{FN:,
FFc.g;



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

k+
H4kFgIU l.HkU I+>k U+bKHg23gH+
g75c 2 F gRF+ > gO R+ gP F+  ^C p5c+ F E4 m^qK '+
hEt.gR F1>g RF)+'+c7c,y2&+N;cG)+ R<++^dh7+I'+IE+
R
(Government-organised NGO)
gRF+>g R+'+gR7c{E+f+z1'EcDgF+
R'+'+2+^R E+FxHq
R hR E+gR =5^}.c1'+,Ic*c='+=c+ 5R ^. gL RF
g*cE+%c='+)+cC+FIcH35+FKqh,Lc`|BLc`8'+^d.cFM-y7'+c.'c|G'+gRF1>g RF
+*c7E+FIf5cC'+I
^R +6c)c,chFR y,gR F+>g R+sc.5+H^E+=qhEJy2'
R
jc,h7^,jcR {+%c{R E+0'+F.Lg RFck+d7=x2c='+FG3'+
^Kz+yh{KjcF^+^.R'+cDD'cBD'+Kg R+ R ,}hR ..+E+j+^h{+3^=
cE{,+,IgF3LcKR 7L-yR F6R .HI-30+jc+)+g},i
R IiCE+F
 R<+)+cKEIchR E+E+c,+,'+gEcDE+xH.'+

kl+ng,5g+
y}E:
yR hK^Cm^qKcF9 R<FJ^R +4)cB2+^R E+FchcFL+^R 0e}Kg|FxH
R
NgKy,3yEEjE+)+g0cq,y7'+I+^dE+F^K^E+-53cG*c<E+R+' )+-5c8)+F
cFIg=Iy|+jcR n.+7+yK.I%c+=lqdEc,'+^dK'+g*3cH
pcnh1+I{G'+.=K^h{+n|.
gBcq}E+chH+fx0=9y+
R
ynKcFI'
R +gKy8g RFR '+5^.'+=9y+
gR FcGg0+yFI'+Ijc,c{+h{F
R cFC^..F9c2
R N |,E+R
R hK^C



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 9:
Building Good Back-up Services

5chF)~F)

+^)g9ch/)jcG^)#c*

-bU +-5+3)+
gR Fg RF-^R +-5+3)+R)cBE+x.=I({+}t|E+cDL
cKR +' Ig RF-^R +-5+3)+iGcDcF
R
KcR h.
uE)+IE+^KE+I*c7yR E+2FR +5cc,c}R.+=Og R+dP.
cEc,
R ^M 1'+y|K`Eg=hF
R R cFIy2&+ R<FBKNiCIgnE+5eh+F
gEzE+I'+
c=5kE+gRGcF)+Ic/^Ij7+y+e.y.=Bc
3^R +^=+d.+5+RhK'+=9y
R y7IFNcFgR }t|E+jcR
cDjcR+,=Bc
R
gREc+jc}K)+Ijn{E+lK^=Bc
R
RhK'+enKy.dFE+-z0'+iF^th7++4)cB-^R 0gKR 5+3)+Nj+5cg R+N}t8R DhR hK'+dK
iGcD%+7cdR K'++Bjc75cI Nj+%+y0)+:I R +4)+IyK^+BcF+^th7+F+
>g R+R+' =^D'chR E+R +F
R IE+^KE+*c7yE^=+CI'+gdC+y+IgR 2+^R E+j+yRDxEj+5ch7+
g,cR Ec,gR+c='+IxRKIyE+7'+dKKxE+Dc{+'+ =hR KP L+1 gR F+
*cH%N e=R qh,c+,hKI+=

k*gE%O gh='+il+hH+ U<+U 



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ngU l0H+
g0c+=^.l1I1j9+FI35+F30I=^D'cRhE+FK5c|+x.=jcRh{0RE+= }K
R
gKcE-^RFjcR h{0E)+g0cq,c+,R+' )+-5c8)+5^E4)+
enK LcKR 7j+yR F,5'+rhR E+1+yF^K^)+pch+xEgd7c+jcCI'+}E+pc0
^R E+r.^Ky.LkF
R
cD g{E+5+^F=I^EKc;'
+ REy8'+g{. RE+dK1LkFgd}+ ^R :rRhE+ RhK'+
R
R {KP c=+xE1ghR 1g9cE+-5+6E+FGgxFscE+-3Iy,=gBc+)+pch
gCc RE+I'+B+5cdE+I'+%c,yE+cRhEc,:yKcRgE6cE+K3c}E+Ij+3+
R E+Fg=HI -35cdE+g{{Ec,
R
R
gFcFIEc,.
REg=I'+Fj+^R +Iy,)+hEN cG)+pch{GiCE+IgR {|E+
R
R
I'+{GE+I'+-5+6E+'c8FELcK'+Jy2'+j+^R F)+g0cq,iG'+c+gd,B+5cdE+Fg=I'+I
zK33CII*c7I N-5cR 7)+pchRG+' 
R 8IcRDcH^K^^=c{.'+D'+gR F1>g RF
E+I3+xHI-5cR{E+gGc}EN}t8IgR;ch1+Njn=I
M|
b=g7kuH+g.k
U I+>l UI.g1N}lU H++|KhU .'+
U
 UxGUlHg,-}8gh+=+|K
k//IOghuIOgUN7Qn+U}I,5'+M}Fq/5L.7g,k+;g+L.bhHkN}2=='+
H)+tglgku*3+b=)g,'+b,)+.n+bU IL-35g,N3g9ng1gHLk=g+I:}U
#7gUH+khUHg,wgHOg0gl1+G'+M}H+KgI
UlNKwgH+=uHn+IG-}=IG'+LNH7gU H+7F+I}UE
#kH+2
U
#gKkUH+%gH}l7K#gI-3H+LM}H+)+9HN}H+}l7G
g UHOgh;g=3gl=+l.L-EM}HgEIG'+ngU 0g1|2'+)+}l7kHg+.

2e}GBR h{0RE+yRK+zE6CIc1Bd{+thR E+H R h{0E+cF6y,'+F


g//eD+y+yh{hBLcK'+gF3cE+g/RkE+y8'+J^F=jcR0c+,L+.cHB.enKhE+%J5+
RE+
R
jdE+%c,-3c=)+^,i7)+Ip+^K^+ey8'
+
R

ngJ6++:L
kJ6++:L5L3
I'+ Iy|FR 'gd{R Ec,-c++CHccBIy|FR Dg15+^F=LcR 7c7'+L+5I3gG6++:IeK
LcR7c7'+L+y}=gG6++3+^=)+hKcHFgG6++2FdEtKHI g
R
RF1>Ng RF



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

L-yBIy|+%+5^F'+ R +FthR E+1+yF2chFR y,gdC+y+ItR hE+hR =F


}.=L+y/'+RtK'+E4'c8FIIy|EgR +ghR E+=gC3
35+c, c{G)+ c, c,R 5  Iy|+ pchG gG5c c B EchR E R C+I yM K^. yRBhK  +4)+
Nj+5+yC 4ctR.+ F cE+ -5+3)+  E4 edR {hKI ghR E+ l1 F Iy|+ gR EcB '+ g,+
cFNIy|g*cE+gG6++g.B^P.LkF -3I^+35+++^th7E+gKy RE+1gR n.+7+
t.gR F1>g RFiEc>+4)+Jy2'+N-5cd,Jy2'+K5c|EyRBh+KhR E+}G2F
R D7c7'+LcK'+HgG6++I cR'+hE+gR Ec0)+o*chR E+F}R.{BIy|FgG6+F
R 05c2NK=}+0'+FqGc+FgR Ec+jc:Ic+
-5+3)+7g7'+blNL
U gIQ,gGkF3 QkJ6+I3+b=)+OgI+HvhNlU 1Q L}ulU H+ U lN)+gI
gH+ul+IkF3QkJ6+ILbhEkJ6++t5b+gJ)g,9g+gJ)+kJ5gI=kUHg+
lN)+gIL}+.IO+%0kJ6++U.'+irNO+2'+H|,

f6%*$f*K|HfnH
 gh.gI  OkJ6+I kU ,L5L'+ kI1 KL kuJg+ k+ nbU ='+ g7&+  %gH L}I 0'+ I
QgIn}G4L}H+U
U '+ Pvu9ngUxIIQ}d,} Ug0)+Q hIbNb UlEk9gH+
kJ6+I. U lN}g,OgIglK+G'+gGL}+}NbIU'+)+g+tglJ)+5g,&+=U'+}2&+
Eb,OgIlIU<N} UH+o/)+L}+9L'+b,LkF3kUJ+bIQngJ7g7'+=L}+
}I'++|K)+ P U 5g8'+gIb=g+Ik>5gEmJgG5g,&+JU'+%gol7g,kJ6++3Lbu,L
Q ,LkNgH}U2'glI QmFLgK6g)gEgUGkEg+5g,&+}1-3g=)+)+L}+jgu9'+}:+
>=k*Hg,[ GH'+lU H+mFLg11LkJ6++N

kJ6++:LuJkU Hg0)+k,5g+LN}lU H+

7^R .2LcdEc>jcG6++g0+yFe +L 4)+jc;c|R E+F-^1+I Ng=gRCh+EchR E+gG6++}.


ghR E+gG5cFF-^*cBBgK+^dE+cE R2P hE+.=-xR+jc;c|R E+ht.1+xHm^qKIy|+
 fRkE+m+^1)+I'+ c.E+%+y|EgRCh+ghR Ec, 5c,&+y1I'+ schR E+%+y|EgR E+
cC5'+fc{1 R DBqh{7)+IgR FIg{, NgKy,gR EI'+gG6++3+^=)++FRG+' +xHK
-yR h+Iy REgG6++.qh{KchR Ec,I ;)+=c,c{1R +4)+I'+ gR 9'+
'+hG6+F= RKFY +' =enKI^R 0N|,c:y=IgKc,jcG6++753R hK'+gR H'+Ec,FL+4)+
s.L9'+ehPDcFJ^R hK
R c:)+N sy8)+g0c1cI3 yF'+zE+4)+c.I cHy7'c,cBFRhK
E4ELgKy;gEcRhE+jc1+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ng,g+k,1ng1I
cH=R }P.hE+gKy RE+H jc,c{+g, I-3^R  Njc,c{1g,=3ch=c,gG6++c}P.
REI^R E+ R<+I R+ R<+ BI EcRhE+ }.  ck+ d7 =  EcRhE+
LcK5c0Iy|c,E+rd}K)+cFJy2'+)+Njc,c{1g,FchG+e}KL-3c= uE)+y{E+I
R
cD+4)cBc,c{.hE+gR F+>g R+.c==jc,c{+g,5ch2+gF.'+
enKgF5c9 Njc,c{1,R05c+qGc+,E5c++xH3ch=+dKExDyF'+
cFy7'c,ch1++xH75^,==Iy|LcR 05c2LKRh.iD+4)cBLcK'+c.
y8cE+}E+yG'+gd7cFjc,c{1g,%c|G)+2FLc1-dDLgR |F=yRBh7cRhEc,

,+}U H+u+kUH+ngJ6++n+%+}0)+IbN~+= U;)+


jT H*=mf T*mHfG*$fT GM|
gU In+oH+m:}U . Hgh+0b0'+ L gF5'+IIglU H+1'+ %gU H+IoH+33U }.
kH&+}1'+H4 UGJ)+HngU:gNU}H+brNngUH+nglH+U+) gHFLgJ}9kN}xH
U
L'+kJ6+I3+b=)+IUll7LJ4'+-3+bU 7:L'+k*3gKOkNL+6b0U /UoH+k25irHkh7g1
}Nb.uIIG}.k=kFgI=OgoIH)+}2&+Qx8U'gGOgIggF5'++bxl7g,k U2:L
 L'U +u+ ng0g+
kEL}IkHg1yN5glU H++|Kb8bE+U xN5g.=-'+}I+m/bU gIH+M}Fq/
U
%7k1+:g0)+jgh7'+IH4b,+.gIg;'+,OgU 1O;jg)+)+n3U '++I
HU .5g2=ng7&+HNgI%gU H+mJgGOgU 0kl+:+}I'+LgN5+LbU H+}ELkN|lU H+
U H)+NIgKU'g,n+b7
%gU H+lH+ng1bU Ihl1)+&+
O%g1'++LbHLN|H+g;'+UbIhl1)+U/
#U1Q;jg)+)+nU3'+lH++ng1khJKgIkhUH+jgl1+,U}0&+L

ifk0*jM|:G(*

G'+F}U H+=gUH+F)+U/k*g,}:+LF}U H+,}9'+F}U H+|2


X
n5}U GL%Q h,mIbU .+4)+HO7H}I'+ #!=I!
urlE.}U IngUH+

m1'+ k,0'+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 10:
Managing and Finding the Money

y6cF)~F)

1cnL')Jc)+3)1')

g+-5+3)+
#kU Hg+-5+3)+KgI

0'+Fc=yK5cRhE+3+^=)+Icd:Ic.IcF Ng Rg9c+g
R
REc+35++t.gREc+-5+3)+R h.
cB+^H'+

-53gU H+35++-5+3)+
gR FqhEe7cFN |,35++IgR Ec+jcdE+ch7+gR F+>jc R+.'+enK
cqGIenKcDiKzR E+I3CEc,cH3IzG+4)
cB-5cR7gGc9gREc+-5+3)+3c.cB+^H'+Ig R+
R
=zn.IyF'+gKcGgDy+=RChh7iH+P' +4)+IgR Ec,.EI Rhh{BghFNgGc},
-3}+ch0I,
5g2'+-5+3)+

I'+KhR E+eq{D c*c,hR 1,c.cR =3^R .'+cgR 05c2IgR 2+3y;ccRDjc R+0+.


dRd{.'+xE+5yE+F
^R qEg RFgKy,y;c+-5+3)+enK ch1+gR=I'+eh+Ky1f|G
R

chEj+%+y0)+IgG'+%c|G)+2FE4R hK
R c+dE+F'
R
kU r.+7g,-5+3)+

gR n.+7+gR H'c,zR hKB


R c+{E+ R<F.c== L FLh{FLc;c|GgR Ec+-5+3)+h.'+dK
gR E+-5+3)+yHcFgBcD3enKI

#U g+hH+KgI

U

Kgd7cF NgKy,g REgR Ec+35++-5+3)+.hE+c='+Fg=H


R c+dE+
R
hE+j+%+y0)+IgG'+}.2FIgR Ec+-5+3)+e9
c+d
E+F
R
R

Rg9c+jc0c+e7c.
R c+dE+I^dBg
R
R
ytE9'+:yR h.
qGc+jcd>5I'+g R++^H'+Fe7chR Ec,+F'+cG)+
g R+gH+zGI%+5^+-%cD|RhE+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

#kU I+>ng UHkhU Hg,kU IkU Hg+-5+3)+l.R

R c+thR E+KcFLcdEcBgKR EI'+gR F+>jc R+F^K^E+gR Ec+-5+3)+ R h


++xH%cdEIR {Bc.N c=.gRF+>jc R+R+' >gd7cF>gdC+y+gG'+I
)+gR Ec+jcF+h7+0'+FF6E+gRkE+IE+yK.)+%+5^+pchqKjcKR ^qhR Ec,Bc+
^R 1}C'+

gUlH+~r.'+kUHg+-5+3)+-bU+k75gH
%cK)+I+^H'+,0'+F35++=EcR BIKyR/( FBy|F+GK'+=%+5^+^=c{.
g+fcq9'+cjcF+zhEc,
fcq9'+FH>IqGc+cgd7cqELg:y=D'+.'+=gF+>jc R+^=c{.
R
g+
hk,IjcF^+FK^h{+I%cDy|E+IgE
R +jcDE++1c,
R
L-5^G3+3z.35+FR <g{Bc+6chF+gR F+>Og R+r
g05R ^h+-3cKzEIK RE+J^+= NgRK5+yh7c{G=gRF+>jc R+^=c{.
LcR .+4RB^h+KhR E+

7Q,kU 7g7'+%M3ghg,gH+
N hD ,5'LcBIj+%+y0)+IgG'+%c|G)+2FgR Ec+-5+3)+-^R +g75c+)+9
R hR E+R hK
HIgR7c7'+ gRK,
kh7g+nr7 

C'+=Rh.DgK5c+gR Ec+jc}E+gBc,C3
R n7=g RF R DBc'+enK
R
gR Ec+gd7c+g<I7c,E4)+5c|KKhR EcEch7+gR Djcd/)+F
g+x
UlH+ 
R
N

R cF -5+3)+cG R ' 7c7'+yn+gG6++R|.gR n.+7+IgR E+g R+gd{R Ec,
KhR E+ch7+gdC+yFLcR 7c7'+L+5I3e.I
kU Hg+khF+}+ 

R/gG6+c,g R+^R .gG5cFF%+5^+RhKD-53c9gR2+3yK5c.H-5+3)+jc,c{1


dh{+'c|,j+5+yE+4ctR.+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

:c++F'+cG)+gR Djcd/)R 05c+R+0'+FchGc,5^}. gR Ec+jcGcdE+


kU 2+bU H+,+H+
U 

-5+3)+Ig R+9'+gKci:Ig2+
^R E+,+Ec,c0gBIy+K6++I,+
E+
P
R
R
 jc>)+I %c2'+ |DI gKR 6chG+ ch1+ I'+ gCy{E+
R jcR = F H cB^H y;c+
gREc+I(|E+-5+3)
+=EI({+yK^.cR E+ R 2+^R E+dE+cG^Kgd7c+jn7
R
R
hKc1Ig RE
FyDxP.JI^0ck+d7=gKR dE+hER *z0Ndh,)+cR E+
R c+dE+R
R qhKE
jn{EBjc>)
+I%c2'ELc|Dc}qBRhK+4)+g}Fgd7cjn7=gBc+
R
R
gR Ec+-5+3)+5+yC=%;c2N|,5I^,yR/(KcR gRFNjcFF)+3R (.'+gC^R E+>

kNU 5+3)+kh7g+,gIkU Hg+kh7g+


gd7c+Fh1cGgR Ec+j+%+y0)+IgG'+ R.'+enKcR BN|,gR Ec+-5+3)+gR =R h.D
gG'+ }K HI jc,c{+ {, 9c+
R FE+ E+ H +xH gRK5+3)+ gd7c+I gREc+ gd7c+
R
jn{E+
R g R+ 2+3 m^ hE+ gKR ^R E+I gR Ec+ jc}E+
R y/'+ dR hhE gF^th{+ j+%+y0)+I
g=hF
R N+^H'c}t.IgREc+jcGcdE+}.I
kUNhH+lH+

 /+FNoKzFI'+ oFFNcGI'+NeR hD+^th7+2FgR Ec+gd7c+jn7=gBc+


^h+ R E+cRE+R+' )+gR+gR,c{+Kc+I+y='+d,+zhE+ R 5IyE+FR
G+' FI
R
g=hFF+,d.7
R
-yRBh+35++I-+
c=GIjc}E+n1
R
%+5^+jcFzh{FG
qGc+cjcF+zhE+
gE%c{F)+Lc7g,c{E+1+y+y.hE+gRK{E+g
R REc+jcGcdE+HgREc+gd7c+o*chGJ^1)+F
R .IyR E+pchR E+K'+eqKcHFI'R +c+:yE++xE^th{.Ig R+FgR 05c+y9cE+
^0G3'+R <IcR BR |,gKR 5+3)+gd7c+R h.Dg{E+5+^F=L
c/^R ILcC3gREc+gd7cqE
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kNU 5+3)+kh7g+

jcF+qhBgG6+c,o*chRE+gG5cF R/gREc+gd7c+gR=Ky;=jcGcdE+0= }.
R
gd7c+gR ==-53c}E+yK5c
hR E+R)cBcHFg REgd+-5+3)+'c|,j+5+yE+4ctR.+-^=c{E
R
I'R +c+-^R F c+RB^.jcRC. I R E+yKyhR E+FgG5cc,gG6++ Lc=8 cHD'+IgRK5+3)+
g11+yFcByR EIR 2+^R E+ch7E
=cH5+^9)+enK:c,g}E+g/IIgC3.IcH^=F-5+3)
EgR Ec+yK5chR E+^R P.'+enK
R
gd7chFcC5'+.DcFy7'c,Ig R+jc0c1BIL-3c=LcR}BI'+LcRKy8hFN 7c7'+
%+5^+jc|CcFI

ng,g+5+b9)+jgh7'+
cFIjc,c{+5+^9)-^K^=gKR Cfcd7'+yB+h.
K5c|FgKR +' =Ig++F'+gR D%+5^+yKDIy|+-5+3)
c.cGIcE2^F}.hE+jc,c{+5+^9)
c,LgBcDgRK+jc{7(R +zP.E4:yKGcE+
R
c+G+P' DgByrGc+e>yKE4:yKrGc+
c++^B^=FqRhEdEc,R
h.Nfcd7'
R
c+30IF%+5^+^RD'chKDgG6++,cFgR Ec+jcR E+gG5ccEthR E+IgG6++gdC+y
gBcDIy|+jc;c|Gc)cE+

kUHg+,+H+

U
-3^R HIKhR E+3cGI'++F'+c:dDN|,}R.'+gR 7c7'+gR Ec+,+E+dE
R
cRDELc*+3cRDgR Ec+,+E+d.schK^CcG)
c,4)+%c=)cDK3cFR h.IcG3'+
R
L-CFcG3+36+cF^Kz+d.ih7+
R
gR 7c7'+,+E+FL
cK'+gKcERFRcFM,c:HgG6+F,cFchG5cFIjc,c{+R+' yRDx.
R
Ky.IgR Ec+e9cEgd7c+j++Ij+5c+I49ct8'+<.=9y+HJy2'+
=E3^0 R<F3cnK)c,yF'+RhK1gRKEI'++xH RhqK'+dKs:,.cREI({F
FRCh.+4cF+ByK'+=9y1+Igd7c+j++Ij+%cEc,hR hKLc}t8^0jc,c{+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ngh0+H+E
jcd0+Egd{R Ec, NjcR EI({Fh+ R<+R F^D'chR Ec,gR 04R E+gR Ec+,+E+^1'
+K
R
ch1+}RKIgd7c+c='+gBcDjcC^RhE+F gL {7^R K'++xH'c8Fgh+gR,c{+
3R E+,^.Ijc=B^+-6c0)+Bc{.hE+gR 7c7'+c='+cFR +' dDN|,ch1+
jc}E+n{.I
R

kh7guHkUhK|H+b=+H+

}t8g,chFKcR  jc,c{+C^.jcR ,Ng{7 =gBc+=.cFR DnR 7



R c:)+sy8R '+)+g0c+cI3e{1IhnR 7cR LcCG+cRD.c,c{y2&+
enKcDcRDj+%+y0)+cdR.+=Igd7cFNjcRFcRD*c/E+1=9y1)+Lc RFD
y|E+{G
|Ec,c,C
xN *^=cFy8gR F gN Ky,c='c,iC+4)cBLc7chFD
R
R
 E4hEg0Ifcd7'+jyRB.)+)+ chR E+
Fgd7c+y.cB^R E+y1ckK^=9y'
+I^,yR Lc=d7'+^.y.cB^R E+lK^=Bc1
R
D+.c='+jc}E+mI^1
R
R +ErhK{dF:+Bc,CcF
yM F'+=e9+4)cBcF Ng|F^=gK;LchCIQ .
R
cFy7'c,e7c+I'+yK^+Fh|CcF=9y1+IL-5c8)+:LcF^C

Ig+L,+}U H+u+ng,g+kU==bN~+

DNlH+
U 
iN5bUlH+ng0g1H4gkUNUlH+kUI+>k U+ng0gxUlH+

R EthR E+Ic+)+pchiG'+,-^R 0gR F1> Ng RF%c|G)zqhR E+IgR Eck+.


FREIm/I'+h7I'R LcdKy.g,+KhR E+gR DRC.g+FthR E++xH2LcF^C
5cdh=+,gEchR E+cKcE+x2'+^+
-9 Njc;c|EN K=LI'R +lqdE+5^0'+FREgR = RE+*c='+gD5c|FiF'++4)+
E+g85Ec+IgKR y}dE+-^=c{+*c7E+F'+IFc+e.+yDg7F
2FgFchR E+gD5c|+dCgR F+>g R+j+5^Cc|hD+LI'R +qGc+KcFL
cdEc>
R
D'+qGc+7I=c1.%cDIC^9J^Fy.'+-9NgHc{F^.
gGcRkE+-yR +KhR E+E'c{.1%L ct7



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

 Hc{. hE+ gq:+E+ +^H'+ j+4 ^F'+ -}E+ K5c|+ =3 qGc+ K
R cF LcdEc>
gR F+>g R+gR Eh7+
jc;c|GIF'cRhE+jc RtD5cdh=+,Iy|+:53c}+x2'+dKt.2
*c,zR E+j+5cK675}}t.gq}E+g
R Kc=yR E+jc;c|GIc .^ B2^+^ E.
F2^+^RE.'+Jy2'+K5c|E gREc+:y+-5^Ce7cKc pE+Ij+5c|h7E
Ec. R.E+F'+xHR+' Bg=+5zR E+jcnh+I'+gKR I^E+jc=}+I'+%ccDdE3R +F
g.+RxE+K5c|FgRK5+yh7+%cdEIh Rgd{REc,gRK5Iy:cRG'+)+cRDIy|+
EchR E+ gR hR E+EchR E+FD'+ jc;c|R E+d. Iy|+Ech,qGc+R hKcFL-3c=
%c,yE+-5.cBIR 3cE+^KE+IIE+^KE+I{DcE+.cE+ghD-y8cd+>
+
^R .1-y8cd+>EchR Ec, 9c2
R N^,.=Lc*+39y1)+ed{E++xE uE)
R
-9Ng Rgd{R Ec,gEF gd{G^R P.E A,^R +{GE+R .cFNIy|Lc1+C+
crGc+g7c7|hD+gEc+xH^R ++xH)+B^R E+dR qKqGc+,R+' >L+^R 0
ExELcBIs+C+^R =IEchR E+xH
+|Bch1c+,B.KcRrGc+F%J5+ REN^,g|CcF)+LcK'+pch^C
gdRhFy9j^R FILcR EcFLct.ck+d7=gR FNgF6'+^,(Ic|G)+R Iy|F0+K^B
E-3^R +gG6++6IcnhK'+Iy|EcHFgR7c7'+gREI'R + 3R ++5c7'+Lc=c.5+I
 )+L-3c=cH5^CIs+C+R D gRCh+> m+^1'E-I=}}t.dK+xEg=y{,

g+3grN)k U2:L



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

cD'c,gq+iR.+4)cBc{C'+=qGc+Fc+R.gR F+>jc R+Ic.'+enK


=qGc+nR |.'+cDF-^*cE+GIy}Fg*5c RE+>jc0cqEdF+^K)+c
rGc+E4=gR Eh7+FC'+=I'+Lc`|BLc`8gKR 5+yh7+FRNgKy,+F'+^.
sc{E+E4=gkF'
+F R<+-5c=)cD35+++^dh7+8xthR K'+y8cd+>KhR E
R
fcq9'gF+sc7I'+iCE+FgRF-^R gRF1>Ng RFJ^EEc,RF+ R<E
cK^E-yRBh+gKR y}dE+-^=c{+*c7,gGch7c,Iy|+

|H+g+hI9x,O+bU 0OguN}9LOgu:+LG$$$
$$$U IQvJgIIU IQgJ0'+IH)+tgl
cRh.I'+d.xE+c+dF=LgR H'+R KqGcFFgRkE+FNgC=%c,R+' yRDx.
fI(*t+2f-jT H0=j TMkT G*0<j74KfnH
-G
 k=grH kU JJgH+ 35++ 1 n+5gl7+ G}I  kU I+ > k U+ |K m UJ
+OgIG5g+=bFLg.5+3)+%g='+Lg U<I0'+INUlH+1Q=k85L
glU H+=gNU '+k//
ng0gll7+k:g+n+H+k
U+,mIgFNlH0L.
U
 -H kUF+H+ +bK'+ , bNbL kUNUlH+ k U+ ng0g UxlH+ kUG

lH+kUUlH+HgUlH+LgKb=IN5gHxUlH+gEgNUlHkUr.+7+}N.
NlU H+)+g7k U+|Kg.bhU .
kNU }hH+ 35++ }N. -5bH+ |K %g, kU GL NlU H+ -5+3)+ = k U+  -5bH+ .
UUlH+}NUlH+L
.ghUlIKgILU g=L'+U %+7uJg++bl7+kU G
L}INlHw+F+k,glGkUG
kUHg+}N5gUlH+k>gHUb U:L
NUlHk U+h.0'+IU r.+7+xlU H+k,glHk U2:L
L7gI*gH+vJg+UoIgl0+b=
LgUlH+L+lHg, P58M}7bEOgIH+k85L+,g.bF U<+L+%g='+gGgU
g+,0U LU r.+7+xlU H+k/LmhlGLOgN'+
(CLRAC)



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

wgrU H+=b=g.lH+lU H+kN};gl=+

>jc R+)+gd{R EcdB+1+qGLc`|BLc`8qh.f+g


R q,yR E+>jc R+
R
R .
+^G+Rd.=}.Bg
R
R=L-2gR +j++J^1)+h.gREc+r+)+{.hE+gRF+
%c='+h RF,.xE+h+Ii,cRkE+E+'c8FI-y}h+gKR yq{E+y
RE+IgKy{E++
R
R
N
-^K^=-9j+22FgEcR BgRn.+7+5K'
R +KRhE+=EI({+ R<+I.5+3)+{
L+^R 0 g9c2
R gR F1 > g RF F X D RE(K CF r:. = gR E+ %+z0'+ ^1'+ }K
R
+^,)+I7cc,{hR +gR +c,'c8Fh++)
+
7yP
.
hE+*c/E+E4r:.I
R
N
#-y8cdFIgq:+Ijc,c0)c,gEchR E+g`7'+=g,c0)+BL+kD^=c{K'+c+I
#^1E+h RF^HHcF
#g R+xHc,.hE+gR 7c7'+jc0c+HcF
K^h{+jc0cq,g R+%cK)+gRDIcF^t.hE+gB^h{+g=+

kH+ngGH+=5oH+

Y
ghRh|Fg,5cF3ch=+Ic+)
R +I(.^ChE+oFcGE+^*+B=mcq,'+%+y0)+R 5IyE+F
R
N
IciG'+h RFgR C+^}yR K'+E4'c8Bjc R+Fg7+Ig=)+jcd;7B
E3 E)+ h RFI =Iy|F +^H'+I gB+hF NjcFchH+  KxE+ E+ E+
R ^K^
gE+jcDE+F^K^E+L
cd;^R .NHR ( F>iD+4)+E+=lqdE+.^=c{
R
R
c*+5&+= R;+IcqR}hBgRGIE+C+FE+
R. gRFc= gEI'R +gq*yK.)+I'+-+^.h1yFFE=lqdE+g
R
R=R|h.
D'+Lckq,|hBgGcRkE+-+cFR +' =Iy|FI'+h RF:LcFR c=LcFchH+I^dKL)
+
R
h,5cFEg,5'
R +I'+g//)+L9Igq*E+xHrh,.IL}.
cFLcdEcBcK+z+F3N ^,R+KhR E+hR hKp5c+cD^,KhR E+53c}F=5kE+
53c}+g,5cFi,yR 0^Cg R+R+' gByFR cE+qGc+e>7cD7'+j+%+y0)+cdR.+K
=gR F+>h RFn{.E4zh{KcFLcdEc>R 05c2N KhELcd;^R .1LI'R +gR+
=Iy|F=gR 7yR E+gF+gB+FI;E+^}E+
R
Hgh+gE+g
R R7c7'+jc{7(R +LcR

gR+jc R+
jcR 0Ijc|h{+I^0c{+I^,c+I{*cE+I zGK I'+ 5c.I5 3+GyR B
uE)+h=c0 %cKy/'+ IgR+c='+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

-y*+^R E+I'+gF+jc{7(R F
-5ch7c,LcK'+yRB{G+cGIchKcBy RE+cD+4)+cR 7-yRBhF35++.cFLcdEc>
.cR h{0E+^th7+I R<+
p5c+Fgh+53c}+R h.

gR = RE+KhR E+jc RF
c|E+cFzR
D.gR G^FIgR K3Jy2'+jc=I-^=c{FjcDIIjck,R h.HI
R
K5c|FI{,NcG=gRhE+=^,jc=+xHRh.cFLcdEc>cE+7'+IcDF'+c8Ic,I5I'+I
j+5c{E+FIg=
RE+IgR ;E+jc R+F%c7'c,gq*=}+Igq}E+
R
R
gR EI^R E+E+jc RF
-^qhR +'+oFcGy,I{GE+IgR cE+gq}E+g
RFkF-^qhR +'+jcDIR h.HI
R
R 7&+ghR E+y}FI
R I^R E+dE+IgR ,I5I'+gR :+Ig=+5zR E+IgKx>'+g RFI*c)+
+xHF+F'+yRBh.'+r05'+BL-y8cdF{, NcG= R h.hE+K5c|+=^.cRG+' >
hEI3c.cHc{Fc|hD+-5Iy:)+-5c8)+5^g=+yR E+gR ;E+jc R+Ky;=5^}+
FI'+ -5+6E+ hF1FjcF+xHyRBhh7-dE+gR F+>jc R+IgFqE
cH>IgR ,I5I'+gR :+I-^qhR +'EgR jck,
gR d0'+j+5c{E+
R
cg9c2
kF R : NcG=K5c|ELKyRB.cFLcdEc>
R N K53c}FgKR ^EE+j+5c{E+L
R
(KAP projects)
y8cd+=^R E+^.53c}+xHB-5c{E-}E+K5c|+oFcG,
R {PK
 g9c2KcFj+%+y0)
+dR h.dKE5I3E'+)+}.^CEcdK5c|+)+
R

+I'+i;kUG
c.c0yIg R+j2^F1jcF+F5^CD'+GIc1+5^}F2)
+ 
R
Dg R+:h,5cFdKxE+}t|E+^0E+I3+xHId
R
RhEgdRh+j+%+y0)+I
gE3cdh+jc}R.+=B'+N|,E4d.L-y8cdFhd;cFRh.
gEc7yR E+KyB=I=yR =d}F +L yD+4KhR E+=I({+}t|E+)
R + gL Ec75ehD'+ 
dKhE+j+%+y0)+='c7)+KhR E+9}t,cK+GIcB+^H'+Ih RF=Lc{,Lc1y8^R CI
^1+INd7'+^,E)+7yc,}R.+LcR5^}FcD+4)+gEc7yR E+=Ngt{,Lc*+3h1)+c,+zhE+
e{1I^KE+={1F^RDc' hR E+)+-+xH^.cHcR.)+E'c7+IgEc7yR E+xHc75)+F
B+F'+0%c/'+L+^R 0gR Fg9c+jcCE+
^R P.LcK'+jcF+F^Kz+3cdhEgnR 1cRG+) ,
R
zIhD5c|Fjcd/)+I+g
R R }t8c|hD+g9yE+Er{.R .cE+c}R.+2



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

d;9IF^RDc' hR EF'++4)+
R IE+N^K,hEc75d.'cBLcR c=LcqGcFf5c.iD+4)+cFR +'
zRJ^F^K^0FyhEI
e>7hE+jcF+y'
R +c=cdR.+e0+E+j+%+y0)+HcFc|hD5chG+%c/'+ 
chR E+=-z0I9c.=}+FRChKr05'+=chByF+
R
c.cKc>Ih RF+^H'+
B^h{+c{E+=9c.
R
cE)+9E+3R .hE+JyE+9ct8'+3^=
2^+jcKh{FIgR+gEcE+=9c.cBcjc=cnEgR =ch0+gdE+
-dDN5c2'g:yE+jc=+I
vc+Ic=c7hE+:5'+ICFIIy|+gF=9c.
cFf+GIc.IgF+IgR F+>jc RcDJy2'+jc RFFhC=
.HR (FI=KyB%c='+%c7'+
.c;c|GdhEgFR cE+g R+
gG6++
I'R +cE+gG6+FR :
Jy2'+53c}FFgRCh++F'+5^R C
L+3^R LcdFe;'+
gKR 5Iy:>I'+RkE+gEc>j+^R Fe.EhG6+FgR 7c7'+3R +FR :
gEcDE+R+' yRDxhBcE)+pchhE+gq+h RF.E4FIc0j+3c85)+idR.++4)+
Ng}1
)+^K+zhFN|,;++jcR0qhhBc+F
R
R REjcd RE+jc`Fy.gE+
R
jc1+C+IchR =GIK5c|+3+^='+^K+zh.chR Ec,Ic=c.^=c{gh{+KhR E+jc=c0
g:By+jc1+C+gd{GR+' yRDx.LcR}t8^R :MR0FByR E+R+' h.+xEc,gBy+KRhE+
-}CLgEc75ehD'+|BFhR E+B3+yF=kKE4B +1d.
yR E+fcd7'+=Lch{F+)
+LcRGIE+ +L ^Ky,I'+
{D3I35=sK^CB
R
R
N
B'+gKy,^K^0Fdh.I'+d;
fnH

kUI1> Qk UI7'gl,mF+bHKOgUHg1='+j+I%+37P-'+}I+ '+ gJ'+


j}+ih,b,%ghH+=-53gFb='+kd0G+bHK)+m9Lg=gIH+LbH+
U
OgIggF}1+S' bFH+ILl,LkImGgGk
U
UK'+
=Og:=H+wgrUH+6+}1)+UNbNkIgF)+=uHg,L5L'+5glJ+}8'+2



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

phHgIL8JL};gNN}2&+U HgI9)+qbU ulU Hg,n'+b,Q}Eq+b1)+=UG5'+'+n5}U FH4


IkU2+UbH+;g+U1}+=kE+b+)+OgE3gKOgdEOgd8U.'+kUI+>gl UII
5U H+ Doses of Hope I'+InP guJ k UIn},'+goH+N}.EJgIH+
U
}JgJ'+b,g,L5L'+iFk UIgJ'gJ'+LNbNb0gU GbE-hGOkIgGg+=5oH+ U H
HgK+lgELlHg75gU.bH Kb1'+gFbEEU}H+LF+}H+3gJLj+,'+
gugUJ+' > .53ghI=bl7+bHKM}2'+k UI U +' Lgl UI'+ U J+%H
OgN'+Ml+E5%gG}8L%gG}83grN)+
k,gl+LH+L-},go+k
U 7g7'+k/UoH+L}H+}U
U
U G|.+|H

NlU H+ng UIILglU H+


-^RFIgK;yK5c.eKrGccBL7IchR E+KcFLcdEcBqGcFFgKR Cg/gC=%c,L+^R 0R +F
9Iy2R c' .ed{,IBy RE+DFNB%7)+L+yG9+RhE+j|F.ILcdEc>y2R c' h.+F'+jKI
-^R 0NgKy,P.E+F'+'c,gG'c RE+H5I^,RChKKxE+=+3=I^hKqGc+R+' {.^KE+
O
IcRhE+{qhE*c7E+F
yK^.INy8gEc75ehD'++F'+R.^,
rGc+cdKcDghFyK5c.75'+
Jh{FC'+=EchE+Q,'+IgC3jcG6+Fy1
R
N |,=^R E+c^K^R hK'+enBD'+I'+/+qGcFFLc=3KIy|+cD+4)+
Nd,,}hR FIr:+I
FthR EfIchR Ec,yK5chR E+3cd.I^1+IFc8 yN Ky.5c|hR E+=qGc+nR 8
cH3+^=)+iCE+gd{G
c+cG)+gRD1gR=c5+jcFc,Lc*+3rGc+3I6R
gRF+>h RF+^H'c,Lc*+3zhE)+
Ex,qGcF='+g R+=RF.R '+'+y;+4)+
qGcg,cRhE+jcDE+FKy*+zR Ec,eR15
g=y{,qGcF*c75=e'+Ic1

+I'+0=-5bH+%g,
gR F+>h Rg9c2G+CI+F+g7c75
;R
R
 c+IjcREI({+ E+jcdRhgq:+Ij+^K^F+F'+gR8
gRK5I3Ng},xH+F'+0jc;c|GeC+5
}E+KRhEc,g9c+E+g85I}.)
+L+3^R yG'+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 11:
Getting Legal Status

y};1c)~F)

HcD8J;~)

gR =y8rd}.Dh RFn{.)+r05'+=pchqh7cE+^}E+=EdCg
R =F %N znD
R
-+xH'c8FcBn{hR E+)+pchg=+5gR F1>g RFyRBh.gEI3 R D^,G+Ce0
HIG+^FgR Ec+E+g75c+Ic.c;c|GIJy2'+ Njc RF= NjcFF)+9E+ R 1q'+
LcK'+R EI^R E+qGc+FFK=}qEgKR 5Iy:-2L-3c=
N+7.+7+5g75ELH+,

jT <|7ug-aG*jT H0=j THfnH

IQ Nl,-oG Qng7+53}0'+mGU h; QbIIgGQ +Lb,O+5EL},mGb=g.'+'+hF


k,glIn35'+b=gUlH+b,yH)+JH+LkUgH+kuH+k
UILkUhH+qgu,'HbH++
U
%gFb9'+,Im0kU I1>k UI.KOgNU 3gIk1gl+-b1H+k7H+mJgGLH4
qgu,'+LkUlH;H+b+=b.kUI1>k UIgU8LkHL+bH5gE'+JG5gN|H+
 
NIAHRD khU +kNU }hH+
nr.k/o,gH+U 5L}H+IN
lU H+=LkU JJgFk U+.G
U
kUNbH+ngl+r.JgFi0r.
L'+kU I+v+UlHkU 05g+kKg+.JgFi0G}+-5+6H+r.
gHgl7+L3hH+t5g2IngKg+
kUu,5>k UIvhlH2UbH+khN}:JgFI'+Fi0kUHg+-5+6Lr.
khN}:Eb.
;)+U'+b,n+5gl7+IoH+%I:.LON;OglFLbH+nrUlH+|K}l.
=Ok,gJng7+5bU H+LN5g+IbNbH+hU N'+b,khU +kNU }hH+qgu,'+LklU H;H+b+
H+85LIbNbH+)+g=3bHwgr,gUlN'+gl7+L-oGkUg=LkU;LkHngGL
U
-oGQngh8O=gEO+=guh9'+Ln+LbU H+L
lNGIl7g.gG,

fM|D&*i/jT H*=mf T*fEfnH

jT*
}H+lU H+n+7|E=JIQbN}EQyN5gl,gN}E'+j0kU I+>ng U+U l.
ng UI 7g, hH+ gK}NbN lH+ Eg+ 5gUlH+ n+4 ng U+ )+ 5gN gG  gH+ Ul1
U.bFL JgH+ EL . gUJ'+ )+ O+}J gI r. H+
kNg=}U H+
U I gG k9g+
U
NgF5'+ilG+LkI+I-bU0kUHgIngJg=)+gI
lH+kNU +ng U+)+7+LQ ,NkU I+>k U+vIgGn+H+.
U
3H+ng=g0bx.L
U
UIUblH+-5+3)x.gImJgGkIL}+ng=g+nIsHg.
ggHt5g+k=+bU H+kU Hg+ngFbH+LkU 9Hg,q5)+LkNH+7},Og/LOg;gh.5+h.}.L
ngIb+ b.L U}H+ UlH+ J+H gK3glJ+  kIuH kKgI ng U+ |K nl=+
L}8I+|J&+kIuHOgNbU EL'+HgF Q%HO+}J+L3};LgEIgH+ U<LggHL
S
rUlH+ilI)+,gU.+9g.L U<+%g7'+LlH+5l7bH+b.rUlH+
k;}H+=
U Ng
U
U kHLbU H+gh.Qk/LU '++L}UEN'+=gGrU I%g='+l,L



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

krU I.'+kIbU lH+ng U+.H4)


+}U Hg,Hgl=+L iH+oI
}/'+%glF+
U
U
NF5k U+.+4)+U=}8>NU+NUlH+U'+>OgUJJgF
f<a+,aMa*jT:*|TaG*jH*a+

ng UE }xH glNU 5+}l7+ :}U . GgI -bNb+ kI+ I kU I+ > ng U+ n2
kI+ I b*+H+ |K n}2 kUI+ ngJg=)+ = N gI gG lH+ k9g+kNg=
U
U}H+
mHp1gl
N
5+}l7+GgIgK5Lb,kI
b
lH+ng
U+m0+LgGgF)

Hn}:+L-bNb+
U
U
U
kUHg+kdhH+ U5|+UlH++|K}U/g' E-bNb+kU;+}UbH+kI+)+&+kU05g+-b=g+
gF)+)+gIoH+}:+ng U+IoH+=GgIQ,
jT H*=mfT*fE4T -

mohJ+gGgKgJ}G4Lh7 Qjgh7'g,+,'+-oG Png UIm>'+-bNb+kU;+}UbH+kI+


Qjgh7'-bNb0ng UI
6bN)+ il+k=g+J7LEbN+.gE*}U H+ihH+gG-bNb=
U
LgNgN}E'+j0UxN5g.PE3g7'+b,L'gH++|,k
U
Ul+ng U+bN+.)+MU3+' |H+
OgdEOgd8bhlSNkUI+>k U+vI|2'+ kI+ Ub: L kUI+> ,
kU u,}U H+>k Ug,
fGE4jT t+|T G*=mfT*IfE

7'+vh.n+%+}0)gErUlH+kUu,U}H+>kUI+>ng U+=UHJgH+5b9
gJrU .'+-}U 1kNU +kU u,}U H+>ng U+vh.JgH++|Ki0ghU NI=
&+Url.'+k9g+kNg=
U
U}H+ng ULH+i1k UGL'+kUN2 Qk UGgUI)+
OgN'+lJg+.gKMb1)+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Chapter 12:
Building Sustainability

y};ckF)~F)

gG)^h5)#c*

kU .g7(U +kI+bl7)+
iH+KkI+bl7+}U
G|.
U
Ky=^KLcKyy'+gF+^h7c,gh+gF+>g RE
E+cGI9yE+IE+cG
R
R
R
R
cdh{F^ChE+gR 7c7'+cKcE+^K^=gR F+>g R+^=c{K'+KyhR E++xH'c8F y;c+I
I'+ gR.I(8 gR2+3cKcE+xH.^Cy RE+F NgKy,L-52D'+E4=Lc:=I'+LcGcF'+D'+
hE+cKcE+^K^FLI'R +gR F+>g R+RBR *c/N^,KyhR E++xHzR hK gR `,I(8 gR 05c2
c,NgC=%c75)+IcKcE+xHFFcRhEc,hBgEcRhE+-+cRF+' uE)+:I'+N-CcD+c=
R
RhK
cHx.dKhE+c+I'+g R+g7c{,g9c2cKcC)
+cKR /gKR EI'+R hhE+cKcE+5ch2+I
R
K5c }O
EgF+^h7+=zRDy.hE+ y;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cG
R
R
P Q G}E++xH
}E+-5^E+cKcDJy2'+j|FqhEc{Gg7+E+g,5c++^th7+

g=ghU.+i0+H+n++

RhhK'+=p5c+FI'+c R<F:F%+7E+g85E N^*cC=gRF+>g R+.


enKcDE+g85I-5+3)+FRhKI^R 0R N,
K5chEI'R +E+}G}}t
R P BFcDN |,gF+^h7+Fc=}qEcKR +' g//+1}}t.
R

R HRxE+}E+K5cIjc|Cc+ RP.iCE+gR ,2 y;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cG
R
R
cHx.dKhE+c+Ig R+g7c{,g9c+cKcE+^K^qhE
R
^K^ D5c|+FeKc=B+RhE+RhKIy;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cGcFsy|P
.R/
R
R
J^1)+iGcD+4)+LkFh`B-^1+IMgR Cp5^.'++Fjc`E+xHp5^.hE+cKcE+
N:I-CgGhK'
+E4'c8Be{1I^1+IR t7NrGcFF^h{.gRF+>jc R+
R
Ky^ELcE&+
Ng`B)+E4g|CcF y;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cG
R
R
gF+^h7+5FF:gGhKHI-^1+I
+xB.cHc{FRFMrGcF}RC+4)+LkFgRF+>g R+gR05c+Ig2+^R E+cKcE+^K^enK
'++xH'c8B-5+3)+=kE+.gR F+>g R+iGcD+4)+cFR +' L+2LcR 05c2L+^K^.Rk
LcR2+3L+^K^.Rk
'+:5'+B.yKc,ghd,d8'+g R+HID5c|Ejc R+R 7c7'+Fsy8R hK
-5+3)+IK5c|cDcH+yK'+R 05c2N}t|EgR .Ns+GLcK'+y.cDD+E+I+5I'+Ic{E+
R
'+dKg REgR .c{7(R +1+R E+I'+5Ix+'+:5'+idKy2&+c,R E-5^E+%c,I
yK^+^B+4)cBgq:+INjc=cCINjcKc>IcB^H'c|,gK^R 0g R+iGcD+4)+LchF%z++xHK



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

=g R+-5^EgGc:c0IcH4cG)+h+F R 7E5Ix+h7HcK(I5 R<+I


>g R+Rc) Beh+-5+3)+gKy;iGcDcB5Ix+j+y|+ihE++4)+,c+gRK5+yh7+
Lch1jh7gR F+

hlH-bU 0Qk,}.kU I+>k U+56


fnH
}Nb+U H3hH+==5++n+5gIbKg=iJkNU 7&+kU I1>k UIm:L
khHgH+k/)+k=+kEg/}JKLQjlI>OgEbKOgN'++:L-5+3)+%g='+IL
mUgGkNbU 0kNU G}IkNU +' |WS.L'+7'+)+ngIb+kh;bH++|K}U EngU F'+;gI
ngUNIn|2'+LgE=LrN=5++gG1Ul1kUNG'+k=k,gUGnghN5bUlH+
OgdEOgd8. U<+
H+k85LkU .

37'+sM EHyRBh+^1E+35+cD+4)+lqdE+o*chGg>c9)+g0c+=^.Ec,KyE+-y8cdFF
RkE+g}2yR E+I-dE+jn{E++5I'
++^th7+{qh{+FEEch7++4^=B
R
gEc,d8'+g9E+jcCcdE+I'+gR }hR E+jcCcdE+ch7+HB'+IgKyE+3cdR E+C'+I
c R hBgE{,cGRG+' jcCcdE+xHj+zR F+5I'+I'++5^+=cCc}E)+I
gKyE+3cdRE+C'+INjcCc,I5II'+37'+NsE)+g=R DpchL+4)+Jy2'c,R /gKy,
g=+^0+hK'+gR ;+y3gR F+>g R+iGcD+4)cBjc=)+ R<+{
T KP
y*+I^R E+I'+{*yR E+zDy+FcE+9ct8'+IgR <E+e.+y+I{+F MoKzF-^1+E+
K5ciGcD+4)+cF'+uE)+hE+>I RhE+I
dR P. y;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cG
R
R
R
R
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

oKzF.+4^=enB*+5^FcF'+gKR yq,{G'+=dhR Ec, R<+5c}Er{. Ng`,


jc=+Fgh+G'+|.E4)+g0c+i=3+4)+LcK'+z*c+FIjc=+h
KyFgh Nj+2x.^=
 y;c+I9yE+IE+IE+cG
R
R
c,R 5gC3-y|={iCE+FgR F-^R g,5'+:++FN^1+IDjc=+FR D|CcK
5cB'+fch7+=c|E+I'
R +-E+FcnBIc.I-}Cg1+7+^=c{.E4^,
g=R DR{.FcE)+i9.hE+o*ch
R E+g=R D^R .I^K^0FRDD5c|+hnK
R
 R 2+3 I R 05c2 hGc2iGEKcFE+g85I^*cCI^KE+^EcF
R

cFI  y;c+I9yE+IE+I
KIc=ijc=+c1y.hE+cKcE+ R D^*cE+I^R K
R -E+cG
R
R7BIcKcE+:I R hKg|Cc+=gd7c+>5cB'+R hKl1g0+yEt.'+xHld.
c+RP.cR.+,^=Ig|FRDgcFeEc7'+g|CcFRh.cH5I^,IgRFNjcRKEI'+
fnH
H+L-H+gJ N};=kI+bl7+}
U HO.HkU I1>k UIn}0'+
U
-5+3)+%g='+5glE+KH+k85Ln}<lH+s*glUH+ UK'+IL };g+L9}H+L
ILlgIiOgU .g7(U IOg:+|KgEkU I+>k UHkU 7g7'++bK'g,+lHH
ng=gl0+=+%g='+IoH+jg>K+lH+:)+n+5g8)+
H4lHngG}U ulU H+IQ3b=bNbU
+4)+Li7gI,+Ll2+bF+%g='+gG+4)+bUG'glU HO+bU 0 5P |1L P hH 8gJM}0O
L'U +
P
>k U+m9.8g
U
UH++|K2IbU0Q=%+3'kI6H+*g7H+LmFH++JgG
khlU + n+%+}0)+L + %g=' OhlI kHh+ ng9++ 1 g0)+ )+ kU I+
K5gl2
H4HgGbFLQiN5blH+%g='+2-5L}:=gU.+U OgJg/
+-5L}:=gU.+UOgoHg/
UbFL+%g='+glK+-3gN,-}*+UbH+ilIIN'
U
w};Lng=gl0+.+5gIL3+}E'g,N}UlH+LH6gI3+}E'+-5gN62IH4
> k U+ n+}J -%+}F = + %g='+ r. U  gG goG k9g+
.g9+I
U
g*g/LLkUI+
kU lU H+ + = .L H+
U I 3bU  '+ H+ k85H  G go+ +|K mhoN
OgIngGU}uUlH+|K'g8ILH+LNGg=ghU
.+i0+H+n++=Ul.LkU.g7(U +L
U
FI6U .L%g='+IE}.'+
y;c+I9yE+IE+I-E+cG K5czRDy.'+ +F
,e{1Iy;c+IE+;+F=
R
R
R
R

cK'+-E+;+FIj+6c)
ELK;LchCI}}t.
R c:)+N5F%c=)cEch7+Ic=%E+{.dBL
R
R
R
y;c+IE+;+F)
+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

xBjcR }t|E+=cKcE+}EcF)
+cFDx,gq0cR E+K5chR E+xH jcKR 5IyE+
R
R F
%+3'.%+y0)c,yF'+RhK +L 4)+3+yB'+%+3'c,j+%+y0)+IjcR E+I*c<Ec,gd.yFK5chR E+
,E+g85IcR'+dBcF3N yBF-2LgR Cc.gR F+>g R+iGcD+4)+cFR '+ R<+
Jy2'+*c7I=*c<Ec,
= y;c+I 9yE+I E+I
E+ g85E -2'+ j++ }.
R -E+
R cG  Kyh, g9c+
R
R
D5c|+y|KP /cE R+jcDyR qhR E+dR P.J^F R '+)+gByy8'+g,^,Nch0thR E+
c,+,'+E+g85I.I

N5g+kI+bl7+
L+4)+FK^h{+-^=c{K5c|FiD+4)+
NyR qhD-}CK5c|Fx.cFR )+enK
LcR FLc:y=R hKgq}E+zKzhE
R
=3iCI'+hFI+4)+c{,%cdE+=-5^E+K5c|+xH'+enKI'+
FgR +FG3'+gd{GcEgR E+IgR Ec+gHc{+I'+IgR =c+gD5c|+Fg053yRBh.'+enKL+4)+
3yR FD'+cRhEc,R|.IgB^h{+jc=nELcRBL2^F^RE.'+2^E-5R ^+jc;c|RE+'c8
c+-5+3)+cdhR .hE+c{G^=+E+gR E+x,Rh+c+-5+3)+dhR .'+enKcHFgR =ch0+jc R
gRF+>h RF

9gx8'+iN5b.LkI+bl7+
eK5^.^=gKcEL+5x1DgKyE+Jh{F=N=x.=9ct8'+Oi,5R 3+4)+gR FgF+^h7+cKcCy.
=+y8)+I,5R ^h+gR EI({FR qhh7gq}E+-5+6IiGcDc1)
+gR q}E+cKcE+9ct8'
+
R
R
f5R ^KcFLcdEc>Igq}E+g,y
R
RhE+jc;c|Gx.)+Iy|+{Kl1gFcE+gq}E+Ic+K5c|F
R
RFc' .#+4c
N
N
{,eK5^.I-3c8=,5R ^h+}qBLcGc1'+hKcG)+}KIy|+R EgR q}E+I(|E+
KR IyE+
R
c7)c,,c}+c;'+c7'+2I+%c=)c,Iy8cdKI,'+LcF=chdK^C+y8)++^G+F
gR F+>jc R+'+^d.1m^qK{GyF'+IJ4'c,ddR {hK^CchR Ec,Fc+g0+5^R E+F,R DI'+
g7^,ht.'+ld.cFR /gR FNg=c0gq}E+c
yR E+K5c|
R R =f5R ^hBgF=z+gR EI'+gq}E+gKc=
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

N'+gIU )+irEIgH+IQk=.b=O+5|1G
gUI)+L+}8)HxNLn&gEg+UlNLhlIH
OgU.+4-3bU lU I.'+irN

kNU H+nghH+=kI+bl7+%g,

U
{.=|FN^H6c)+0'+FcH30-yBcFg h+jc= n Ejc d |E+r
R h .cFL-3c=
3+yB'+Ijc=+Ijc R+Fg=hFL
R n.+7+
R g{7R h.hE+jcd|E+idk.I35++0Ijc
R
Lc7+ILc=3.g9c+oF+E+I'
+jc7c{E+R'+jc7c{E+Gc}E
R
gB+^FgR n.+7+qGIch.I9+h.hE+jc R+Fg=)+c{E++xH gd|E+
R r}F|K
0I3+-yBcF=^E+ }KcHyGg0,
R +9ct8'+=)+)+^.hE+'+gD|F
R
g1+oF+E+gR EcE+F^KzE+Ij+5^E+I35++

kh8%g,ngNbU 
'+jcd|E+%c='
+=dK+xEL+3R c0L=c=gBc+Ijcd|E+%c,hKg+^*+E+>5
R
R
chcI^R h{KIgEchR E+jcK^R qhR E++IyRDxhK
=Lc*+3jcd|E+%c='
+hR K^CE4>5ILchCIyh{.gR =c0)+%c,R+)
R
c.cR n.+7+Ic.cKc>Igd|E++^H'
+
R
%c='+jc R+IoF+E+{Bch.'+h+Fc*c='+,gRkE+gd|E+d.'
+enK
R
cHFIchR E+=c.5^CCyKcR c{GgqGc+jcDE+FKhR E+=}qE
Njc=+zG0IgRkE+%c,{RhK
f5c+Ih2+^C%c='+K'+cDg,}Ec,g/c
R
Ich,E+=.5^CyR/(.gR F'+g9c2%+7dE+,Fg,c7
R
D
RD%c='+=)+R 5IyE+F+xEL
+^.c.cR h{0E-5+3)+j3+36+gd|E+icR
R
R
gd+jc;c|R E+o*chR E+I-xthR +jcDyqhR E+Ijc=ch0c,LcFI3
%cKC'+%c='+^1'+R=Lc:=LgBcD%c='+,LcR GIc.L+^0gd|E+d.'
+enK
R
5F'+cFz,,I'+
gR EcBIgN 7{,gd|E+EgF6E+^=+E+=%c='
+hR K'+enK
R
gR GIchR E+c.c;c|G0'+FcH35+FgR EcBF^Kz.Dgd|E+5
R yR .'+enK



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

kHgU EQngh8%gJ)n+3g85)+
2Bfcd|E+gF^t,ch
R LgR BI%cdE+=gd|E++I^=c{K'
+Fzh+Iq:+E+fcd|E
R
R
R
FH>I%cC^9'+If RE++ RK'+fcd|E.c0c1gd.0'
+Fg=:+oF+ERk
R
gd|E+g1=^Efcd
|E+
R
R
.cE+ cC5'+I g/^R + ^KE+ KIc, gq* = Bc1 RF 9ct8'+ dK '+ = 9y1)+
=)cB,c}R.+e0+E+R7c7'+9ct8'+Igd|E+%c='
IE+^KE+I{DcE+I
R
3^R qKIE+%7g053F}RKcDhD5c|FIFchH+Ih/=BcqKchGc,%c='+
=j+yRDxFLcFI3jcd|E+%c
R ='+RhK'+dKIj|Fq h {.'+d C+c G
FIgd+m+^1'+1jcF+FcH>IgKR 5cd2)+j+y|R E+Ig/^R +j+5+yE+Ijc=ch0+
gD5c|+gd{GRn|K'+gd7cFNgKy,m+^1'+FcH>Ijc=ch0+^=+d{+5c2)+'c8
gR +j+5+yE+Ijc|Cc+
I'+E+cF'+hR E+Ig,c+%++%c='+3^R 1LcR F=)+ckhEgd|E+7c,RhFyhO 2+
Ng1yF=)+F=cRhE+
KyB{G'++GK'+9ct8'+%(Egd|E+5
R .F-ydF
R
hR K'+ R 5IyE+FIfcd
|E+cK5K'
+H^1'dKcD:+GKI'+-3cE+
R
R
=)+g`7'+FFcRhENgKy;=%c='+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

y};lFckF)~F)

Chapter 13:

I2g~,

Clearing Your Mind

;cFm/6+hR E+FLc=GghR E+c=I^nKKxE+9ct8'+^0I^E


cF^R 1)+c,+RIg9c+.+zBF+R



hR E+FNGI+1c,H%F6FcK+I5c9




RhE+FNGI+1c,=FK^h{+FcK+I5c9

'+H4g}..^=c{F=-yE+ }.g/R
kE+K3c+xH.^=c{K5cIj
R
M c8cGKcF
.cRqRhE+h{.RG'+=)+E}E++xH6Icnh.'+Lcd;.cF.OB.^=c{F
Rh.cF|CcGIcRD9chR E+dhR .+xE.cRqhR E+FRh.B9c+D7.iD+4)
+cFR +'
R
gd+gE+j+{E+J^F=H48c
R
RE+7=Bc1R/K5cRhE+=jc,c0)+F
h RF%c,FF'c.KxE+9ct8'+Fg=K^E.^Bg=:K5chR E+d.e>y.^C
+GK'+=9y1)+%FzR E+FLcKyBi0+4)cBgR F1>gN RFF.RG+' h+FI'+gR F+>
I'+gF^+Fy}PK'+=9y1)+gGcH)c,yK^+y|BLkFg1+y},K'+5=9ct8'+^1'+='++4)+IKIc{hF
gEcE+gd.yE+Fg//I'+g{dE+gd.yR E+F R<Fg//FLg=R8+xELgd9E+gR FE+.c1{
g=+:{KcF%c|B)+^,N}t8RD^K'+=9y1)+-^1+I-dDNg==Lc:='c|E+
R
cF^R .FEgGcH)+gKR '+cF,Gc{G'+E4cghR E++^FKF R D=&+RhG
{K
M ^R Cc,N^1'+FcFgR +c.+{cG'+^,1c.zR1hE+y=c|+HcFr:I'+N|,G'+F'cG{E+
R
h},{GyRKc0c=1+GF Ng1cGLc0c=6)+D'+cGz*+y,RqhE+cRqhK N^1'+FcF
)+h{GIBc.cRG+' FI^RDc' hFqGJy2'+Ng1cGIDy/E.5cFI'++zK.'+=3cCy2&+Lc04
c.c1gR dEjc{c,cC+4)+c{G'+4cG)+

#g,Uul.Lk9g+.+~.MbI
'U +)+
U
4cG)+lRkFKy2&+-^=c{F=EI({+9ct8'+K'++F
|T +
bT+

kU uH+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

jcCI'+FcR FN=I,m^qKE4R EjcR 1y{+cDL+5+I3'+3R ( GLc0cRG+' =-yE+}.


R
x+5I3eG'+r05'+BgR F+>jc R+D|FcRG'+cIcE)+sc.yGL+5+I3'+3R ( B
Jy2'+I^n7cFc=y7j|+J^1)+R 1HcG^=c7+4)cBgR qE+5I3eK'
+y2&+dE+K
R
R
LcKR yHc<gE+-'
+
y+ckFH

^
h
E+ck+^Q

+'
+
Ex,yK
y
8

05e
d
{hK'
+
enKg

q:%y+E
R
R R
R M
R
R
-%c7)+5I^,H'+^dK-^R F^,IcHxEy2&+L05^'+ld.cFR /chFcF%{KL05Lc*+3pIzh.hE+
R
uE)+E+I3+xHIy2&+N05=lqdhBchFcF
cnR |GIc.|LgK^9^=c{B4cG)+lRkFy9c=,RhGdG,+I^R E+=L+^1+IL+5I3^hG+4)+
c.c1qGI5+yh7c,cn=zGcRG+' L-c' nBcGt.'+)+N^72cE^R GIr*c}R E+^R GIch15c}F=
N K^9)+'cnBgR qE+cR
R Gc' DI%{Ec,L
R +58cBLgR1y.'+ld.cFIK^Q+&+ch,L+4)+Lg{.
'+)++4I+xH=cnR |KIcG^=c{K
Hx+IgqE+I^Q
+LcK'+I^R E+Ig/)+jc=+,4cG)+lRkFgdEH^1I3+yB'+eK
R
fchKIchEI3f5cqh.c1'+,#g:c+y|E+j+{E+c7&
+IcKyB'+FNgkF'+yR.'+
R
2^hR E+)+-^qhR ++Lg=+3-^Q+cRG'c,Jy2'+cFX DhR hBchR q:cRGc' ,5M 8cHchD
Lc`8KR Em^qKcFeC+yKxE+^Hc|+CFHy2&+LcCF+IxthR K'+I^R E+I'+3+yB'E
5F'+,|hh{BgKyE+x,yR.iD+4)+
LcK'+g9c+.c0c1^thE,e{1IL
+yR 2Lc}t8hEghR E+1.iG'+
R
q*c}EcE+khcF^=EcF&+ethB-dD-yEc,Kx+jcRC..c1'+,
Q ,)+E4=Lc:=%8 R ,RqhR E+gd>yR E+=ChR E+HyF'++xH3chEy RE+J^1)+F
j|+xHR+' r:IFD'
+g9c+.|F
R 1gR EI({F+R qhKDK^h{+FjcD+y8
R
R
cGcKFHcD=c/FRt.'+h{.RG+' I,,g9c2
R
gR qE+5I3R
+' ^h.iG'+IDc|+F^Kz+FJy2'+I-E+,-3E+=jc=+id<+I+4)+
R
3cnK)I^dKcF=LcRH4-zHc0>cRG+' g=+5cd2)+)+y.^C*F6F:+|CcGc:yK
hD5c|gR F6L+3I^1R .'+cDR BR 1



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

M|
#4gJ)+pUoI}83+}E'gGlJ'+L'+l UIEmFL:g+gIQmFL}U.'+K

M|
mU1bFg.'gJ'+lH+kU I+>k U+U'+5.&
+=n}U IbF Qn+7}=U'+5.
U
U
Q
l==/UbulNL7gUH+HU7hG gl1+kUH+bIUll7UJ)+HFbFLOg1g
kHglU H+kd7'+=Qng,g0)+IU GilE
'+ l0L6 0L6#.bU 0'+bU 0#.bH+L'+bH+L#OL'U +M}hH+H)+
U l7|H+xH+KI
U
#kU+-bN}+Ugu9#H+I'+Eb=.|H+}+}NbI#+Nb9
%gFb9'+#m2'+L'+z'+#K>IG'+-H+L'+tg=Jg,L}7N|H+9gx8'+KI
#%+b='+L'+k75b+II+bF
Q 7gI=H43Ub1#OgUI9gx8'+%(K5gh2)+lNMbIU+' )+
UI> )+}H+Np1
U
 ;)+=%8U K'+ )+L OgF;)+
N}UlH++|K9x,jl+-%+}FUHlN'+Qx8Ii;+LH+)+}J'+&+L
JIOgF3g9GH%g.gI5b,N}2&+L5gl.'+k=+N'+5FgJU /

#.L+1g,%I6Ig.MbI
'U +)+
U
M|
ml7++4)+k=:N}lU H++|KhW NS
iKFghH+Ig++|KE'+7gU H+,U)+H+gn+5+}H+4gxU.+)+}I'+N1
8gUH+ulNL-}NblIQkHLg;1g UH+9gx8'+LglEhlIg1bF%+bH+mFLU'+
sP NIrN-b*g+1kU I+>k U+hlI9x,U b0HU 75>gl0+)+
0)+ U/kUF5L Qk9gF=OGng9++yJ)+gJ3'+k05bIK(Lg7'+9gx8'+IlI
U
Q
'+}U H+i1g9xH+L='

+

K'

++
}
H+i1g9x
H+7+:LI
3
=+5L'
+
U
U
U
U
7'+kUK'+F'+
jg8ih;
kF,kUNJ+bH+k
7lIk
U
U
U=gl0+k U<I
kF,kNU J+bkN}H+I-5gN,.kU I'+kU I-'+}I+
.b=gILg|H+k=+3+}E'+b1'+
H+
U 7lIng,g1i.gG
U
}*+6U ,L5L'+h2
kU,g8kIg=
N'+5FgJ U /Fjl+-%+}FQ x8Ii;+LkHglU H+kuH+)
+}J'+&+L
U
JIOgF3g9GH%g.gI5bFN}2&+-};gIk=+:



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

M|
=N|H+xH+}U
U G4'+U}H+*I6b1'+IgEml2+lH+-2'+qUoH+n+U}+}UE
kGilG'+#}2&+xH+gn}8+4g#n}8GM}2'
+ Qngh7g}UG|N'+I Qk,}I
U
 -'g0g+  %ghH+  iH+ ngH+.bFngH+|,Hl1+Hkh7gIU H
gGOgUN'+ +1+kUF
h U.)+U /Fjl +-%+}FQx 8 Ii ;+Lk Hg lU H+k u H+)
+} J'+&+L
U
Q
-hGkF5L=ilHk=+Q x8)+tglul7ngUlH+

#U .L+1g,Nbl+Ig.MbIU '+)+
M|
kHglU H+kd7'+=k,0'+I[ GilE
U H+blNQih;)+ UH+jgu9+}U.k;u,jgN'+b,bFUJ'+L,l.UJ'+iK
bFLkEgUoH+IkHg=k053=mHlgIkUG=w.L5++UI'+tH+U,}H+
#gl1++|KnR 2+R#ih UH+5L.'+gluJh.EkN}Fm=}=}.
:N'+5FgJU/Fjl+-%+}FQx8Ii;+LkHgUlH+kuH+)
+}J'+&+L
U
JIOgF3g9GH%g.gI5bFN}2&+-};gIk=+

g,ulH+Lk
E18gJ
U 9g+.+~U
U
*++N6.gl1+H+)+}J'+

,L+5tB^E+II.^E+I^{.'+3R .RG+' 
R 8Ky2&+%+5&c,yR/'ch.J^FR +' )+HcHR KcF
Ky2&+%+5&c,FchH+jc,)+E8cBRG+) cCxE+D'+2'+pc=6)+e>y.^CRG+' 
R 8I
yK^Ft.'+j35'++4)+Lg|Fc.iG'cB)+F7cF=D'+I'+'+ cE+ %N 8 R H'+
pchB
R cq9t.'+j35'++4)+I#%+yRkE+)+h.RG+' '+-dDgR EcFDc|Fc.iG'+ByF'c,y}F
+^H'+gq}F e
R }.j+5+yC4ctR.c,'+^d.^BL+^R 0gKR Cjc0c+xHiGcD+4)+#-y|E+)
R +g7cFg0c1
=Fm^R qhR E+N}t8=lq,cB7c+=D'+I'+g053inR 7RG+' i|hD++4)cBh RF
.c0c1-^R 1FthR E+I.|FR 1=^=c{BL-2D'+ILcR 7D'+K'+

*I~HlIgIkU G18gJ
%+bH+-b*gI18gJH+)+}J'+

-^R 0-yBgR FyE+g{{E+R+' LcR 1i<H#+4c#9ct8'+htgR FyHg{7h=i:IH


5^E++x,ehE+,=3ch=+#gqq9cRG+' 
R 8BfchE+-5DxFcRG+' cRG+' i<'+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

cD)+hR 1NfchDR '+^R }.'+dCcC^R 9cdR.cBg7z*+y>iGcD+4)+HI'R +75^R EcBcHF


gR FyHNg{7gKR '+7cR E+R }G'+BI'+FREc,I5I'+Lc,hF
E+c }RE+K#9ct8'+htch}E'+hE+gE+HcFgRFyE+g{{E+i:Ic1
R
R/

i:IHLcK'+{Ec,z'+cE j+5+yE+4ctR.+Ky2&+FLc1B'+9ct8'+,R+)
J^FR '+)+E %+c, Lc,0R0hKKxE+R,I5I'+R {PK#+4c#yE+7'+5fyCNcFR,I5I'+
IcRG+' F'cG4)+#gKR zG+-3c0)+=9ct8'+-5^,.+5+yCjyR/'c.H#.cFF.cFF.
F^+zG+RdE+-^=c{F
.+2IHcK+zLcBI9ct8'+5^R C+xE
(LI6IlxN1H+)+}J'+

cFht7g=gKR '+3+yB'+R'+
R 8-dDNgC5I=g,chE+REhK'+g=+N}t8Fe;'+
3c}.m^qKL+5;I+yKcF=yF'+gcFL-5c.,
HcFg=+|Cc.E+0I ^F> E+)+I ^F gD5c{E+)+ehD'+gC5E+='+
+4cI-^+>y=c|+HcFI+4cI9ct8'+htK1-^+y=c|+
LcR F3N yBR DyRK'+enKELcK'+%N |,cDLcKR +' cR.+dKcD%|,+=+cDR '+=e0R hK
*F6=yRhEeE+F^th{K9ct8'+dB9c+D7
R
RK'++xH'c8F R d>I%RG+' F^R ,BF7cRE+h2++4)+ {G'9ct8'+,K
g R+hHc{FFIhCF

L-3cB)+D'+NgKy,{GFhR E+Iy}hR Ec, &+L+5+yC+IxthR .'+e7c+FK^CFdEgd{R Ec,


j+fkHM|

Ib1+H+ Q-}2&+I U GxEI.N|H+%IU H+k=,}J0'+


l=gIL5Ub.Og0UJ'++='+3g+H+=-5bH+L'+bH+gU
HOgUF
U



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

NblHlIgIkU G18gJ
%+bH+-b*gI1gl0+)+b=OL'U +

+4)+#-^h{+g=+=cRh1+hE+gGc+cBgRH'+e{1gRFyHNg{7+iR9^CiD+4)+
g=+xH)+h RFyGgR ,LcK^R 0hR E+,5^nKc,R yByE+gR CfyCgGcF}t|E++xH
R hqK
R
gRDc|hD+RB%cDy8'+c{1)+:F#E)+gd{REc,g=+xHR|KKxE+9ct8'+Rk+4cF
{G'c7)+LCEIE)+gd{R Ec,c{1)+:F+GcD+4)+#.c1{
^Ky.+4cFE'c{GEcR ELdh{FdK5^.Ik.h,7 EcCLc}t8R+' E iG'+y|h7D
FB'+E4yGcRG
' yR.OBI'+
N}+ UH+L.bH+L9x,+H+=l,g0)
+Lg.&+L
U

HI7cR E+gd{R Ec,I'+gBcRkE+h.hE+FR +' gBc/hR E+=.^=c{F)++({E++xH^K


R
7cRE+gBc/eEcE+LcK'+HIE+75^KIg75^+)+eHxK'+dCcFE)+hKxE+^RhE+
FiG'cBgBcRkE+xHi
O D+4)cB.^=c{F^Ky.KxE+
fnH

kUH/gGkUNbH}N)+Qk*g=IQ3}GO-}8ghIkJgUoH+kUgH+j}+b,+J+   Sm=}=}.bH
}8'+k//-bU  U ' +i1I:5gUGgluU 9=kEguH5I'+IbNbHg,.IU '+mJgG
N}Eg+8UogGUH/gHkhUHg,gFg='+1}ElN}GNUbH+n+3FgNb.5+gG
+4)gEngulU H+1k9g+gl7g7mhU
.+gGN} UH+=n+5gH+q3+1IguNg
lU Hg,L
U
U
=kUIUI'+mJgGIiUHg7}.mJgG iG,'+ L'+khg,5++IQ;U+' :}I
ngIglHg,}*g8g.mJgG,}U H+Lk75b+3g.}J'+hFgUGkH UH+:+}I'g,jgSJ'+
iU0lNgGkNb+.M}2'+klhJ U'+LJLbhH+Ik=IKL%glH+b,gI3kNlH
U
-L.Ln+}0g+b,vH+b

=
g

=
g

G


H
+

F
%g

I

G
Lwg

9
U GU lU H+g =
U
U
U
bN+gKLg.+9

gKcc,y|.0RG+' )+Y =I'+Y F>c.c75c,cDcR,yE#hRq9=cqERF+' iB+4cF


%cC^9'+2'+F1+I0'+FhBcFR ,Lgq*^R ='+cE+gR ,FN6+h,I'+g=c+F%M z0RGc' ,I'+
.c1c,j'+^,hE+gBcRkE+1+cH2'+I



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

J%)q)

Annex 1:
Needs Assessments Including PRAs

E3c}hF)LyF)hFcEjc.c)jc,

=jcF+c|hD+1g7E+xE%c7'+F 3M ^=cHER D5c|hR E+KyR E+hR E+cHIchG


H*c7E+xHj+zR FR H'+R EIg=c+I'+Ky{E+K
yR E+hR E+H-yR h+%c7'+Bjc0c+
R
cH^Ky.RG+' y.hE+jcF+nKB.c0c175^.KxE+9ct8'+gRE+xH5c|K
Rh+gR D5c|hR E+gR KyR E+jchR E+^1'+ck+d7=LcFKcByR.hE+.KI
p+I6I(8,^.dC5chGc, R0+I6'+cC)+-^=c{+35'+RG+' jcRF' +iEcCgq}E+I%c{
R
REc,
gd.yFg7N {7'+=N *cCN C5^}F+xHcDL+^R 0-9 R 70IzhK
R R DjcdEcBR .c,
g,chc,yK^0HIgR,c)+gq}Ec,
e>y.^B2^+^E.gKy;FR 'ch.iD+4)++xE:c,gRhFEghgG'+F%F65c|K
n+-}E+jc=c
}E+I'
+jcG+c,gKcE+Ig=+5zR E+=%FzR E+=)+
R
R +{E+^9I'
R
^c,g+I'+gRK^+;c+NIc{hFN|,-^FjcRhE+F^K^E+Ig,5c+xHh.
gH)+tglbFlH+ngI+I

= gEcE+-y7'+ 3+yB'+ 3^=I E2^FI *c<II R {+ K6.I R 7I K^h{+ 3+^='+
j+y{FI'+v+D'+^FI'+7cR E+gFc=,I'+-^,C+FLkF |Kl1{E+I
R
fy|+ID'cEgR 7c7'+53c}+I*>'+Lc*{+cD%+7I `0
gR q}E+gKc=
yR E+IhR E+I%c+Ic RE+I5cnK)Eg}}+Ecd+IL
gFcD-y7'+gG6+F
R
R
>{+g75cIj+5^R +Ic.IqE+%c{h1+Iy+{E+I:+yF'
+IgKR ^{+Dc|+
R
+G+F+^th7+I-3E+y;cF+=I+uK5c.Ip+IzR E+R 7%c{R Egd{R Ec,F&+
{hR E+)+9E+#gEcE+}G#gBcD*c<I#3^0#d*c>9ct8'+e9c+I9ct8'+
#y RE+B'c,gF^th{F35+F#-9jc=c9#gRq9>I'+-y2*c<I#c='+%c|G)6E+
#jcG+c,gKcE+#9c+gKyR E+;c+#%c{R E+Ic0yR E5cR E+I'+g{E+2=%cd='
+
R
#y+#{E+^9
R
9yB#gR 7chR E+%c='+.#gFcE+gKc=yR E+#;fc)+,gR F6-B#rhR E+#gKxhR E+3I'+
g7#I'R ++p+IzE+
R R 7#H+yEj+5c+#jchE+IchE+,jcB+#g75^+3c.5+
#-'+yF+I'+L05.'+K+4cF#p+IzR E+:gKR kG'+gKR 5D4
5F'+HcF#Bt,KR 3cE+9ct8'+xE+cF#cR FK^h{Egd{R Ec,j|+HcF
cG)+I^KyKK'+#Hy,+HcF#RK3cE+9ct8'+cE)+pchqKhE+EcE)+0chqKhE+
#/+,NcF'+cKcq:'+.cq,RqhF{G'+IyKD#c+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

+|HkhU Hg,gIbll7lH+ngI+'+ELg1
ngI+7gUH+u1hl+}2&+QL}L'+L}+
H4+1+irNLl/LlFLOgN'+JuUJg) E
ng0guH7.g:

cE)+pchhE+-^=c{+RDRF'+qh{c,{EE4REjc0cqEg7jc.%+y0)+{E+F{E
R

gR hR E+*c7E+ CF=lq,)+r*c}R Ec,3Iz.'
R +h{.c,c|KcFI'+gR F1>g RF=='+
 R D5c|RhE+RhE+ Kch75BfchDQ8+I(TALC) gtFEch,-^=c{+
g{2FI'+}t8I'+N }t8FKyB|.FRhE+)+pchR  N^9=.iD+4)+
D'+gKR 5c|h7+Lg9KyE+%c='+,xthR K^CgEc+xHR D5c|. R K5N .%+y0)+j5yR C+4)+N 9ct8'+
gEcRhE+j+5cc,,cF%c='+RhhK'+R 5IyE+FIg
R
R=cF
R:-5Iy:F.c1BIK^h{+FgC,RhE+FC'+=Fc/+RhK'+dK
jcE-^R =hKI^h{+cD+4)+cFR +' %c{GI^h{+cD+4)+KyE+)+C'+=-^1+I-'+yF+
h{. '+ B'+ B gR }t8 5N F'+ = %c{R E+ m^R qh7 iD +4)+I 0F yRBhK '+ enB
0{EIjc0
,HR (F%c}1)+c=K'+R 5IyE+>FcC5'
+FLcE&chFKyE+%c='+^1'+K'+dK
R
D'+ I C'+ I D'+ kFjcq}FKIdE+cd,chG5cFIe{RE+fc{h1+}t8
 k,C'+ I k,
eK5^.FRhKIcE)+pchhE+jcF+=}qEN-5ch7+:IF}t8R
hK'+dK
M
cEch7+=KyE+gR ,
jcBc{+ed{,F6.Ic+^}.'+)+y.^BJyE+J^1)+ R D5c|. R K5N h,. i
O D+4)+
=c,R yENcEi
R {EcHidELg7I^'+enKchEc,IC'+==cKR +' g{2)+pchqh7gK RE+
=|KI^h{+cD+4)+FLc7(,D'+cRG+' r05'+B.'+g=c+FRCh.thR E+
c|hDc,E4Er{7IKy8-^R LcR =d7'+^1+I yN }E+yBiCIx2'cK'+KyEBF Ng,yF
cRK+' gGc/g;N+I3}E=+4)+kE+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

#6g)+Nbl+LkU I+>k U+IUH(+N}H+4gI

3+yB'cD.c0c1IDc|F+|CcK'+3I'+I:yE+c;'
+%ckh7c,K^h{+jc=
R
tRhE+I^R Ec,+FKIyE++nKIm^R qRhE+)+G+0+B^K'+FRF'+Rh1gREcBD'+jc=+
}},+E^KIy7'+35+FI2+^++d{hqKIjc;c|R E+c='+I+^0+ RKIg{dE+{Kc+Ijc,c{+I
Bc;'+jc0c1y.RG+' 3c}K^Cc.c R+1KIKy2&+}}C)++}K'+cDg9c+
R
hCIhqFI+1c,hRD+4)cB LcR =Cc,L
+I'+g,c{E+
R c,c7BIy+ g9c+jc0ch1+I49ct8'
R
R
E)+}.'+Rqh{KLcK'+5EF^R {Bc=}+I3R KhE+gKc=yR E+I'+-^=c{+G=hE'c7I
-5gl7++bxl7+

cF+^th7+=yR -5ch7+ i
O :I+4)cBL-3cB)+D'+g7E+-5ch7+h.g{dE+*cCE+
Fe;'+ch0y.+4)+IiCE+Fg=c7}GFD'+eRh.Igq:+IcRG+' =9yqELI'R +
e9N+(7R '+I'+-5ch7+p5^.'c2R '+30I^=F^D'chR Ech0y.-3c=)+y2&+N}t8
:+yF'c,id9P'+'+d7'+ E'c{.'+j35'++4)cB{,g`7'+=g,c0)+GcERG+' FR
3y,C'c{B)+Ig*cBN-c=+yE4.'+B'+B #LcR {0ghF
M|
#hJg0)+rNgGI\ '+=+(H++|Kw}l7G
U
G}lU H+ng=,ngFgIkIgF)+

+1cHgRd+jc75c+HcF I'+ #5c}E+c;'


c,%ch=+RhKD kF+(7K^E
R
g|Cc+)+cG+gEc+xH%c{GHI:c,R +9ct8'+FeKP R / #fc)+I
jc==Jy2'+gkF'+FLc*+3B'+9ct8'+gGc/+1FgRE( +jc=+h.
.c13^R .hE+y;c+=/^R qhKKxE+5+|E+c;'
+HgF NjcFFoh.hE+zDyhR E+
R
nK.E+-}E+c='
+%c{GI5c}E+c;'
+gKx.jc75cyRDxhK.E+jcR{+%c{RE+I
R
R
c='+jcB6c+Fj+2
fnH
kEL}I1kHg1 U,+ UxN5g.=-'+}I+m/UbgIH+M}Fq/
U
}ELkN|lU H+%7mJgGk1+:g0)+jgh7'+IH4b,,ngIOgU 1O+3HI)+n3U +'
H U:g0)+ ih, ngN1 HN gI %gUH+ mJgG OgU0 kl+ :+}I'+L gN5+L UbH+
N}2&+II=lF3}7k9},n+b7
U



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

 b1'+-5gl7+)+R 7gEi9U H }I'+}:++4)+:+}I'HvI%+}0)+

.E-3^R N-B2Ei:yR .xE+:y+HcFy.'+^Ky.I-^h{+g=+75^,.


3+^=)+Fe.ICIgC5Ig=+3+yB'+r'+gEc, NgCR ^,jzR +4)+)+-^FjcF+
=:+yF'+yRDx.Fe.'+g{R qhFIgRhF Ng=F)+K+xH REgq*
RhKcF^=)+yRDxhR E+rnKc0)c,gR {Fh7m+^1'+F R Eg:c+g{E+J^F
R
yR F+4)cBgR7+:+yF'+n{h,yF'+RhK1hRH'+=+xH|KIFy}+=d7'c,
hE+:+yF'+='c{.'+EyKyhR E+-5+^9cK5+ R hEy8'+g//dCcK5+7F
m^R qhB&+I gKcEL+3^R IL+y,ckF.'+enKc{E++xHK2'+=d7'+i/^1
QcK'+L+4)+#:5+E+iGcDcF#-^RDc' hFiG'+H.3E,c{E+E+yR
BcRkE+;=
R
RREIK; NiCI)+yF'+pchqKy8'+g, RD-3E+ R/ uE)+#c7)+F X +'
g+gq}E+c=FiR
.+4)+B'+o*chG
R
e{1IgKR ^{+:5+Ec,LcR hF.'+r05'+BngKgH+L4L'+U +FRh.iD+4)+
eE+I'+fc`hD+kFLcK'+gREcG+Ig{RE+,
R/LkFg=+5zR EcDghK3cFFkUI+>k U+t5g2I9gx8'g,kJgl7+
gR 7yR E+>.+5cg=c+F%c='+IgR F+>g R+ R<F)+gBc:)c,%++%(E
,5cB'+3cd.rhKcd7'+2yE+gKR =yR h.^Cy9'+NyB:+R|hK'+gh+
chR E++IznK'+3+yB'+g=ch7c,+
xH 6c)+  uE)+ jcCy RE+I jctR +I 6c+ E4  c cH35+FI gKyE *+}+ 3+b=)+
j++g7+,jcBc{+7cCcD5cn1'+IR }E++^th7+F:5'+=*+y+
J^1)+FyKy.^K %c{R E+Ic0yEgd{R Ec, R FE+E+%e=HI H+%gh='+glG+
{GE+c0yR E+znK+cR 7c0yR E+F;'+Njc=c{E%c{R E+. JyE+
 LcCcH5)+D'+cRhEc,IRH'+Bc0yR E+=RG+' cE+
g{Fc+ R7ic;'Egd{REc,gKxRhE+gEc17cCck+d7= kU 7g7'+NgI|2'+
gR*c/NyBEx,.D%c{RE+Fg=Rh.cE++5RxEc,gg,c}=+^th7c,
%c='+=g0+yK'+d+=enBgh{KcFR *cRkE+KyEcD+4)+I



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

LcR *yF>KcFL-3cBg=c+c1.hE+Dc|+= M ckFH7h+gKx


hR E+%7R+)
R
jcFR ' +yGLgR *yFrd}.cBc|hD+Ic7cC2FE
Q},g,Hb79gx8'+lU+' kE}II*g+IklQ +J'+=puhH+
:H+=O+3gl=+k=lI
U

g`7'+=%c{R E+jc,c0)+.'+cHdK'+EI({+F^KyKhE+-5}E+gKyE+=677
R


i{EcKcE+, rq}E+
R f++ByK%(HR' R0+I6'+jc,c0)+FgRC3ILc=.D'
R +
6Ic=hR F }.gF+xH)
+g0cq,iD+4)cBL+yR 7ch|CcFenK+xEcE+h7E
R
EhE+*c+Gy.I:y,.'+=gR7c{E+I'+gRFcE+I'+gqq}E+*c+gd;
R
gE{,ch|CcF7cR E+:yK
fnH
,kG5gIb=ih7glG+iH+IgGgN}E'
+}81+}I%g,L}Q.
U
qbulU HmFH+x.LG}lU H+ng=,-9ngFgI.2IH6g+
2+bIINS gI5+bOgU h7O+}/'g.n}U/'g.bF}7'+|KIOGU'+}<kh*g>-}7'+ U G=
uH+=k*gH+

fnH

#k05UbH+|HO+2H+lN R U7g7'+Q +(7w}; UgNghH+Ing0g1.%+}0)+b=


k;}H+L8g
H+LH+*g,
U
U
UH+L-bKUH+i.+LU}H+=G'+qUbuUlH+35'+ngFg+%g/'+
gNgH+ mJgG  6bN)+  il+ k=g+ J :}I = /UbulN '+ hF g+ = l. lH+
Lbr,ulU Hg,gNghHwgH+2EgH+,=5oH+LO
gN'+kU IM}2'+
U
IUlH+ Ub+UlHO+3+bl7+G'+}I'+kNgJuh9'+ON;OglFL UuILUHg='+
il+k=g+J:}I5glJ+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

ckF)q)

Annex 2:
Indicators for Effective Water and Sanitation
plus Hygiene Education

#c)/gFcCg*y,j)y6& G
gCcF)JgGcF)gq~F)J

e.cFcHyR F gR `dE+gqR }E+Ic+jcF^2-'+y+5I3zKz. PROWWESS 7I+y, =^.g=j5;R


c+K5c|F0'+Fj+y8(R FILcB+^H'+5KG-^qhR +'+
EEI'R + EbKc+Iy|F:I-5Iy,iEcC^CI
+L ^R0 +L /'c. -y7'+ gRq9 = E4 yR/( K D gGI gd7cF NgKy, %c+ 7cRE+ ^th{K '+ dK
 e7cFIqR 9ch7+
 gF+^h7+ yR h{FN|,c+zD+yF+^th7+F+RhKD,7cR E+{7(R K'+dK
xH = cR.+ dK gq}E+
R g,yhR E+I 1+y+I c+ R h. hE+ K5c|+ F n+}8(U + . R
cRG' -'+y+0'+Fg`7'+F^K^E+iE^R =P ^CIchdC+yFR /Iy|+gK+^,g=c+Fc.I+^H'+
uE)+.I5c}E+c;'
c,h.I%c+hE+H
R
uH+Li7g+gl7+n+}
8(U I
R
^RDc' . gR,cnK)+3I3yR E+3^=3+3zK'+dK+yKcF=%N 8RDcD+4)cBE2IIy|+gK+^,^=^th{P.
 :+)+Ng},i
R IxhR E+I7cEg,cCj+y8(R +R+' F
#,c}E+/
R H
R
#Iy|+2^K+zhFN|,,c}E+y7'
+chd.H
R
#c,y8hR 15^}+Fc+-30=gBc+R h.H
LI'R +c+FFR c' .
#R .I5N|,c+gBcG=c+R hKH
# D3^R 1 hFN|,5Ec,E+I'+5c,&+.R hKH
# D3^R 1 hFN|,5Ec,%c+g=I'+.R hKH
#gDE+I'+y`dE+cHy>R hKcF^=%c+g=I'+.R hKH
#GI02%c+gBcG=gBc+ R h.H
z+udFgBcR E+:I753'+R /
#ud+c+mh.'
R +H
#GN|,c1IcIuE)+f+D'+{>R hKH
#K^E+{Eud+fyC%cFI3cF5I'+,c9FH



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

# RE+dCK^E+{>R hKH
#ud+p5c2jcG++=%c,)+RhKH
5c}E+c;'
+Fz+gBcRE+:I753'+R/
R
#c;'+:ycF^=m+%c+>
R hKH
R
#:yE++xE-^R FLc1F'+I'+{+e;y.-3c=)Lc,+y8^R .'+R' EH
#c;'+6+y,gE+6)+R h.H
#L+^R0c;'+ RPKH
#6+E+gE+6)+^,cK^KR ' +{.H
gR }t|E+gBc
R E+:I753'+R /
R
#%c{R Ec,g9c2c{h>+DcF'
+FH
R
#-y7'+{h.D%c+KH
#fy+I^+jc,chEcDc{h>c,gRh+:+yF'+gd{GR .H
#D'+NgBc,Iy|KRG+) 7cR E+KH
-5+1+y+gEc1753'
+R /
R
#6c+FgdKyCIgBcD1+yFFH
# jcFyR I^, hR n7=1+y+7cR E+h{KH
#r*+IyR E+FgEc2IgGHH
#:c1y+ch7+^,K^E+{ENcGFH
kI+bl7+n+}8(U I
#gKyE+*D{G'+F/+IFc=FH
NgFH
#gFcE+gq}E+I%cE
R
#cEc='+IznKKxE+9ct8'+FcgnE+R|h.H
#gnRE+C'+=-^1+IN-+' yF+FH
#jc=ch0+R*+5&+=%c='+%c{RE+yRd.H
#%c{RE+Bg=c+%c='+Fjc=ch0+jy0H
#jcDyR =jc=ch0+,jy7'+H



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

#ynKcN==g=c+-'+y+H
#jc;c|R E+-'+y+5c|.H
#5c}E+c;'
+J^Ec7)+gEc1gcFh{.cRG)+-'+y+.H
R
bNbulU Hg,'g7)+kUIg=Okd7'+w}.
#yH)+ml>+L m;.lILN'+wghH++|K
R
R U
U
#%8GkEgJ=kEguHk15ghH+ mE+4gI
U
R
#TmE+4gI#-2'+-}Hg7)H,+:}.lI
U
U



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

lFckF)q)

Annex 3:

e5))

Computers

f7c+Ky;=6c)+cFBL+^R 0L= R.DNf7c1)+-^R +gR F+>g R+pch


gR EcBD'+N|,jcCI'+e>'+IE+IgC5Ec,znO KP '+
N |,f7c+^KILc,7c1iD+4)+K RE+J^+= +L kDLchCIyRB.IB'+L=zn.^CE
r:+I:y=IgC3jc,c{1IgC3,c.IhFlK^qh,z R h.*c/I:E9c2
R
j7g++bxl7+gK>IG'+bl.lH+H+N3gI

jcG6+cD thR E+
c+-5+3)cD RhE+
gR By}+jc,c{+-5+3)cD jc,c{+%+y0)+
KRhE+j+^K+zcD :yE+
iGG)+= lqdE+I9+hR E+
L+5d9D
LchCIyF'+eRhK^CL+5BgR F+>h RF:IF{qKEf7ccB
R
jcGcdE+FkE+gcFFRh.'+dCcR.IcE)+pchhE+oF+E+{7'chE-y,ckFI
yRB.cR D'+f7c+=LcFh7%^dE+cR BN|,
f7c+-3+Fc:iG'+^}i
O =56cD gR dHRxE+-^=cE+yRDx.I
kU I+>ng UHkU H+b*+H+,H)+n+%gH+|KiJg0)+

-3c=)+BNf7c1+^th7+^=5hKg,chE+,7'
+R+' D9ct8'
+hK k,glH+-5lIn+5gI
U
R
M
yB+I5+^FG-z0Ird}.hR 1gK;-yBgcFcDg:yFIgq:+Ird}.hR 1g+g,chD
^hR E+ }R E+8.cDD'+Lcd7cFcGcFKl1gE{,y2&+)+NcFFjcE+F
5cB'+,)+cdhG+fx ck+d7=gKy=%+37gR dFy1'c,
N c RF)+IE+^KE+=m^R qh.'+ mJJ)g,gU.+LLH+bNH+
.Jy2'+j
Njc8cG:yF3yR E+Ix2'+K'+cD{G+
'+Rh1h{.,c|E+%cDy
|E+F
R
R
i75'++4)+gnR 1gKR +' ERG+' Hgd{E+g1c
R E+R E
R
R IE+^KE+ R ; L+^R 0ILK;L+yKy.7y.
Ec.'c8FiGG)+Rt,}RhF>.c,IE+^Ky,idhDIj'+yC+4)+y2R c' hFNiCIL+yKy.
+L ^R 0gK;yK5c.7y.iD+4)+)+ C'+.'+.cE+-5.cB
*cC3,R DiGG)+=^K^07IB;)+R hK ng7LH+IkNg+UgK
5cR EcDy|hKc,R E7+IN|,y|hK'+I3c+jcFR+{



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

RdK g{hR E+ 3yR  +L y2R ( F R ^EHH+yF'c|G'+xE+ cBG5DcG&+ 7IBkF |E+


-z0'+FK+mR .'+^ , ENg =y{,-+jc7IE+xH=Lc *+3=)+
HcHyRDx.dKhE+cR EcBcHFy.dFE+
R D'+ 7IEc,h,c9) h5^}FH
R IE+^Ky, FR D
,yR +*cC^9'+
{G^KEc,,IE+^KEc,gBy+*c7yR E+L-3c=-30Fjc7IE+.
gByF>gR GIE+gEc75R '+-%+yCch1+FcF'c,
R IE+^Ky,R D
cH+hFL+^RDc' hFOiD+4)+)+gByFgEc75gRK'+rh.EF&+K3cKN|,},
R
*c7yR E+gFcC+yB)+I c+gR GIE+gEc7yR E+B'+F^RD'chF>iD+4)+
7yc,c}R.+I
'+B5+yh7c,'c|.-^K^+jc7IE+iGcDcRjc7IE+gqBcLccGy,^th7+
CFFcGEgR Gc+jckK^qhR E+FRh.'+enKRG+' >5 Lc*+35x+2R h.
Lc,c.jc7IE+r{LccGy,i
iGG)+gd8=
www.Mcafee.com
O D +4)+kF
 LcKR y8-yR F+1yK.=-^R +g7c{E+}.cHFDc
R
-+I-^K^+jc7IE+9}t,IE+^KE+=cRh. yN Kx R '+^R }.
, N/FN5^}FKy;=ynKcR RE4=Lc:=g`;c2 NjcFFKcd>'cB
(www.kumite.com/myths/home.htm) Computer Virus MythsCFkF
gFcDyK5c.ILcdhDR h.hE+-^+3++IC++F^K^E+cBiGG)+ch7+h{.i
O D+4)+
DEC+=jc7IB3c}.'+r0R y+>F 73c{E+q+cG35+Fgq*yG'
+ cd;Ic
R
cR k,;'+LchCIE4=.RG+' ^nhBR BN|,Lch iGG)+gd8rR}. K'+BL+5x1
 RkE+gHc,.cH-5.cB}h7I E i
O R2
Rh.D%cdE+g{1Ig RF NgKy,jcF+1jcR+cGcD k U+ngI+
=>7,7c1jcF+1R+' cDgE7I Ng=y{,cE)+pchhE+jcR+=}+F
NiCI R +' I+^+IgR GcdE+7yR E+I}R E+lK^cH6cnK)+IBcE)+pchhE+jcF+5ch2+
yRDx.ED'c,
R +g,chD-3c=)+)+g0c1cI3
gRKy7gRKy{E+Ig9c2g
kUN}H+Lk9+gK
R 9c+jcF+dhB
R
I({+}t|E+Fe;'
++xELg9c2
R<+=jcF+d.'+dKck+d7=
R
R
FR DFeKNc,,7c13IzK'
R +R hR E+ R<+I'+gR ,7c+jcF^c,^KIz.=



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

^,=|.hE+H^1'+gR =eELkF ,g9c+


R yR {E+g,%3)+6c0^th{K
9E+-ch+jcF+R+' K'++xH'c8F ^1'+ByK'+D
BExEE+dCF)
+cE)+
R
c=gR;ch1+Nu{G%c,)+2FgR7c7'+jcF+=Bc1 kU;gl1+kJgI'+gK
cF'c,hEz+)+cGI'++R E+FF&+NcFgR ;ch1+9+yC'c,ch1+dK
h7RDcH3^R nBe;yR E+5R c+{ RE+cR7FzR E+5IyFF9+yC'+c15H^h.
cDjcR+/'+=gGc/gN t{,h1)+
+gBc:)c,
^C %c{F R DyRK'+gR ,7c+*c/E+=I({+}t|E+=E4)
R
c==hE+*c/E+ RD=}FN 9yC=gt{,hqB gRE+ MKy1E^K
%c{FR D{G9yE+=-^K^+gR ;ch1+jc+n{.-3c=)+ E+E4
c=hqKhE+jc+HcFy.D9yE+B}+= +L ^FLcG+=ehD'+
5kE+FRh.DLcK'+g=dFNgt{G=f7c+=+7+yK'+^+F
j+.)+g0c+i=3cF+4)+g=y{,=
g,9+sI+H+

=Og7ONb,IU ( .kJgLk1lIkNU 5bIngU },= U;Hg=H+|K5}U 1S k1I


www.openoffice.org }J'+mE7L}NgI=3gl=+
-2'+hd;Ijcd;-^R =yRBhFBL+^R 0 +L ^R 0 Lc:y= {BI'+iB7IyKcFoFcGy,^R K
D'+r05'+=h7c=g^E+gt{RE+REgh Njct{Gg{.=h (Office Premium
iB7IyKc04R E+:yE+e;'+-yRBhF^.cRG+' j
O ^0I+4)+ g.C'+^D'chR Ec,I.cdRhgBcDF
c={BI'+
Microsoft)

Word 35IIgR 7c7'+oF+y,g,5'+R h.hE+g04R E+ht{, cE{BI'+iB7IyKcFoFcGy,zR hK


Excel
+iK,5Ic,{D)
+
>h RoF+E+xH.'+xE+cB .I&
Outlook
Powerpoint
#gR F+
Word
yK5c.^R K'+c9},jc+E'chEoFcGE++xH^th{K7+,1KcFBI 35LL
3+^=)+LcK'+gK^+gdFB'+-30g,cke7cFN |,chd;+4)+I^dhBL+^R 0gdR.yF
-}E+
R gRF+ > g RE  jcGc+I 7'+ F , 9c2
R Rc, I^0 75I I+^+
^1IoFcGE++xHg7+,gKR 3cE+gR ,7c+cEc='+F r05'+=xR.'+gKR ^hR E+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Excel
gR ,c{+*c<E++G'+ R DKRG'+cgR ,c{1 N+^H'Lc7c7'+^th{KP I+^0oFcGy,H G)
+
Rh. N+^H'IjcG6+c,gREc+jcRE+gG5cFIjcG6++:E6chBcHF L+^R 0-^R+
gR Gc,753+^=)+cDjcR :cKyR Ec,RhKcF R DIgR q,yE+jc,c{1%+y0)IIz+q,
jc,c{+F-^R0gRKy},

I^0=ch,y2F-^K^+eEc7'+Rh.'+,7c1=oFcGE++xH^th{.i
O D+4)+
KyRhE++xHd.fyR 0eRhE++x,By+ GcF gd7c+cG
budget.xls

gG6++ +,{D)+FrhB)+ 

.'+dKiCE++xHq,='+7+=yR E+2F 3E+2)+ 


 c.2+RG+' KcR gRFgF,cE)+8'+^C3E+jcGc+RD
jcGcdE+ ^K^05cB 3=yK'+dK^F+E+2+I (insert) p+53)+ g*cC)+^= 
 p chR E+3E+)+LcR *c.h.cH-30FiGcDhE+
-chF^.3E+Jy2'+jcGc+R+' 1c=yRE+2FgGc22)+ 
(Return)
=jyG1IgGc2&+30FhdhDcF-3E+
5R 6yG'+I F ehD'+ 
gGc2)+7-3E+5R 6
^E )+chG+  +L 3^R -3E+ 5R 6yG'+I gREc0)+gE+ d;)+gGc+ 
i{1'+jcF+F^K^03N ELcG+=i
O :I
gGc+xHjcGcdE+BhEg9^th{7gGc+)+hhEL+3^R -3E+ 5R 6yG'+ 
Ky2'+hGc2FjcGcdE+fc{Lcd;
IgE3c+-5c8)+^,pgGc+LcR *c.}R E+y7pgGc+yG'+R / ! d;)+ 
LcDyR qhFL+5c;)+&+pgGc2
pgGc+I pp! &+g}E+rd}h7pgGc+yG'
+ R /  d;)+ 
R
 LcDyR qhFL+5c;)+
L+ 3^R ihG+gGc+cH^1I-3E+=Lc:=-yR + xH (Enter)c23)+5R 6yG'+ 
N |,jcGcdE+yhEgGc+}.yR G'+c=ELcK'+jcGcdE+cBy.'+ dKI
gd{Drq9
}. R {. -xBcGyh7 jcGc+ 2+I (Format)}hR E+g*cC)+0R . 
 jcGc+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

yh7jc}hR E+gq*F gd{R E+ R / cC5'+ 2)+='+fchE+


5R 6F 
(Tab)
+yKcF=%8 R D+4)+ B+F yG'+ R /CyR E+=cd:'+gKR y|E+DcF'EgGc2
E+Cc;=cG)+F RkoF+E+yK^F R+' &+Jy.'+B
oFcGE+yK^F=E+%cd='+c=c:+4)+CyR E++xHyR hKDO E
R I^R E+
I^R E+E+Cc;gG6+FF  c23)+ :)+ R/  ehD'+'+gGc+yG'+ 
#rq9oFcGE+yK^F&+c=y{K
gR |FcE+jcF+^th7+j+4oF+E+F
Powerpoint
gR F+>h RF=9c++:y=
^R .'+oFcGE++xHg7+, mN,5Lg,
R
E)+i9.cF='
+FR 7E+c75)+=5+^0=gG+59:y.IcGy,I'
+
R
R
6c+y7R+' IcR7r05'+=E)+gd{REc,xRhEL,cC{E+xHREgRKy}E+-c+
(beamer)
5I3&+g//+1RKoFcGE++xH:yE^th{KxE+

jcq9d;2FL+^R 0g* NgKy,F^R .'+Bc=Iy|FK^EcD+4)+


I'+c,g:+hFg,c;gE&+I'+5zKEc,.g,c;gE&+=iK,5IcdE+Fg0
:yE++5I'+ch7+Rh 1
Outlook
RG+' eH^I=lqd.,7c130FFeq7=^=c{Klq,oFcGy, .L&
+
gDd.'+K+7+yRDxh.R EfcRkE+9%c{R E+Ic.=Feq7 3R .
'+ExEfckE+},Rh.hE+jc+gBcD6c03^R q7IlqdE+gGc2 fcRkE+9
cFNK^K

-}*+UbH35Gk,g UH+n&+

%FzDC'+=c,I'+cByR.^C.y*+3y9'+gR F+>jc R+F^K^E+yB+h.^C


I'+cE)+0chqKhE+3++g=cd;:y.'+-^=c{+)+pchiqd9'+35+Ffcq9'+IK^h=
5E+g.^.
2FL
c*+3R*F6=xDNjcF^2:y=j5yR C+4)+ ng7LH+IkNg+gK
R
jc7IE+F9+yC'+
7IErBc+cGy,LI'R +rhB)+c++hrh.,7c19yE+.1
-^K^+jc7IE+R+' ILcFcy++xH= ^M ,RG+' yR.^K^+9yE+r{FFe;+I
gE{E+x,1chE
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

Annex 4:
More on Budgets- The Practicalities

*)yF)q)

gF)/)F)jcH4));^L{)

iU lH++|,E}+L kJ6+g, L}+G)+Lb0h;)+E'+Q,-}H+|K=;H


ng,g+k,=k1I

 LkF  EchR E+ }. gKy; H jc,c{+ g, I -3^R  jc,c{1 g, +^th7c, gG6++ :.
Ec.g,FchG+L-3c=e}K uE)+y{E+Ec.I
R EI3IR R<FADEchR E+}.
R
Iy|c,E+'+^dK)+cFJy2'+)+
3ch=+dKE4}1+4)cBjc,c{+gdEcH5ch2+3^R '+c,c{.hE+gR F+>g RE
LKh.i
O D+4)cBLcK'+c,BhR E+dKgF5c9Njc,c{1,R 05c+qGc+dEEgdE+xH
cF-dD gL R |F=yRB.cRhEc,IcFy7'c,ch1++xHyRE+=dK=Iy|LcR05c2
}ByG'+gd7c+jc,c{+g,%c|G)+=^,
kJ6+I:Hk,5gI
*~Mf/4fJ64*aH|M-K|HfnH
gMkG*jGfTkG*m*~Tf+Tkk-K,aT/jI5**

jI5**

*+F(*Ka/NK&T *g:(*
f+aTk-&*
lH+-H+L7+H4gL}+1kU 7g7'+ngI+kJ6++9g.U l.
3=L k. 3= UG  kH ku:+H+ kUlH+L kl+ kH+L L}+ g UN
w:,ng,g+n+}83bU uS.p1 -}8
g.irNgGlH+HgUlH+IJ UG9L0LQ ,UlNp1 9L 3=
U<I x. U lN U<HkhU Hg,OoI-3U gI U HkhU Hg,-U KLgl+5bF
l U2= F575+b+)+9H+ U<I L F575+b+)+9H+
9glU H+I5goG)+OgN'+-bU +J+H+IkIb+|Hb1+LU2x.=Og:=
5bFkF3ng9+gEk .9Lk GIQb UG'g l I>mG+4)+g I x Ul H+:=
 kFg UH+ IOg1:LG'+ ilH%g,}G -5gh=OoIgl+
n+}8x.=bUG(N'++|K'g8I M}2'+ 2kJ6++IF U G7'+
Gng,g+n+}87lHQ +3IgIUJ'+NgUk*5g UH+ngFgJ)+0'+Ing,guH
kHgqbul7gUJ'+U 8LqbgIb=kUFl+>5I'+g.
H ngEUbH+ bNb. kUG I i7gllH n+b1H+  3=  k,l+ n+b1H+ nl2+
Lg'+=hNkl+3+Hkl Qn+b1L}E+.N'++|K'g8I-3gI
gh.5+ )+ )+ +|K U3(N E gG'g, kJ6+H kUN}H+
U kUlHgG  n+b1L
3++,9x,



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

OoI khUG}+n+b1H+ =bll7gUJ+' Ng


U ngIb+LmFH+7gIkJ6++U l.
N5glIglNlH+E'+-b1H+|Kl7go+h7= Nx8
gNU '+-}HQL}I=
kUHg0)+kH+

fc{++xHy'+gKcER +FI gR E+ fy: -^1E+g, gR Ec0)+gE+3=''+enK


cK^.I'+gG6+c,gRkE+L+^R 0e}E+BcC5'
+0hK+4)+cRD+
R
gR Ec0)+NgDFcF-^1E+gDi7)+F7cD'+g{2ch7+jy<'+gG6++R'+:B)+LkF
g,7cD'+%+y8R)+I'+y{,h,+^C{DRDR'+K+xHcD)+E+qh{+Fd.
 gEc0)
+gE+.'+dK-yR h+Iy REgG6++K^.qh{+F+xEcFR E $
5 x 20= $100
ng1I

 jc1+ 3= gR E+cFR +) IgE+=cFR +) cC5'+)+9hR E+gR D1g1FgKR +' KI^.dK


5ch2+ed7gByFqh{KGI3BLc*+3.enKEjcG6++p5^F>3E++xHKcFL-3c=
+4)+LkFdGc0)+g,hFg1FR2R EK'+dKdEc,gG6++g
R d+ -^1E+gDI'+ gR E+
R
Ri7I'+,5'+Nj15{2%+y0)+ed7g1+sy|.'+dBgRK0 Nj15{gG6++3+^=)+ R
ch7+^R qK'++xH'c8FgG+6+K^.qh{KgG6++:I%c/'+-xthR +j+5+yE+F^R 0R n7I^,I
gh+gREc+-5+3)+gR=GI5c9N|,gG6++
.'+R 5IyE+F{EEjc1+3=cFt
R
RhE+=Lc:=g,chE+F5ckD)+Lc*+3^+F
gG6++FJy2'+^F+E+gR d+cC5'+sy|EgBcD.'+K,g*cHjc1+xH
gF+xHgRH'+=gKcE+c^K^|RhE+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

gG6++F)+-3E+ +Ng05gK75+bI}N.L}IkJ6+IInglI
yK+Bcd875cF5+4&+ gG6++-B
DF'+5I^R E+ gG6++g=
ng1+ kH+ kU H+
kU Hg0)+

%g,9+~05gK 

%g,9+~05gK 

%g,9+~05gK  
09+~05gK  
+39+~05gKUG*g7 

+~05gKUGilHg75g1 

+39
+39+~05gKkEgJIg=  
U<IU HkUFl+kH+  
OgNU }8 g0)g,

k,g.-5g7U H3FH+}7 
} UH+b,L}H
k,g.-5g7U HkJg9 
} UH+b,L}H
-5g7U HU 7I'g. 
Okh.}I='+%+5b+IQn1}H

gIU GOgNU 7l1},-5bU I
 gN'+k

kG
-b1H+

-b1H+

9H+ -}H+
U

}8
}8
}8
}8
}8
}8

U+H+Fg;Hg.
F575+b+)+9H+ U<I
F575+b+)+9H+ U<I
F575+b+)+9H+ U<I
il+b=gI
*gH+
7+}+

j
j
j
j
j
j
j

}8

 }8x8

UlH+g=
kh UH+HglU H+

j
j



 }8k,}=

+ UH+
3FH+

t
t



 }8k,}=

k,}H+kJg9

t




 k7k,}=
 Nx8

k,}H+I'g.
,LJ+H+

t
t










!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

|Gc)q)

Annex 5:
More on the Practicalities of Accounting

gH4))GgF)/)F);^L{)

hqKeR hE++xHFBy+ gd7c+ +, {D)+ E+B3d;)+B'+N|,{E++xH=hR E


cHg|Cc+gR ,c{+jn{E+=-^
R 0LgkF'+h.I+^0=+xHE+B3
R
jc,c{+pchG)+ed{,{GyRD4
+4cF=Ig+c+gR D%+5^+yKDIy|+-5+3)
c.cCcG)+IcE2^F}.hE+jc,c{+pchG)
+gRK+jcR+R,|KE4:yKGcE+R'
R
E+F'+cG)+gR DgByFqGc+e>yKE4:yKqGc+R'
c+%ch2+^=FqhR EdEc,R
h.Nfcd7'
R
6c)6E+KhR E+30IF%+5^+^RDc' hKDgG6+c,gR Ec+jcR E+gG5cthR E+IgG6++gdC+y
cD'c,Iy|+jc;c|G
nIg+r.
LbH+E3
U

I^}E+B3e7cF
N |,cRDjc}E+KI^.enKjc
}E+7c,gh{+Ig=B^+Ecd+)
+5c|K
R
R
R
B jc}K)+:= Jy2'+gd7cjn7R c' ,hOiD+4)cBgd7c+B3RH'+HI^}E+B3I
R
jc,c{+FgFcDg=%cdEgF^th{+gR 7c7'+jcF+7yKBI^9B^,h'+5IyE+
R
d+I Lc1yG'+ gEc1)+C5I9E+IuK5chR E+g9R EI^}E+B3gEc
hR E+jcF+p+53)+dK
R
I^}E+B3 +=qKxE+I^+yK
g1F+F^K^0
R +^FNIy|F1I^}E+B3
R
R
P
N
Ecd+p+53)cDghy,I^}E+y.cB3.BI^
}E+B3%c|G)
+gR D=B^1+IM ckF+xHR+'
R
R
c{GgR 7c7'+jcF+Lc*+3hcR E{GI^+-5IcnhF^F+=gh{+Ig=B^+

y1'+^CI5I3E'+dFH cRkE+GcD yKcKcRkE+GcDI^0nR {+I'R +2^+


E4+^+eh+yGg0IF
R +^+eh+%c|G)-^qhR +g+{*yR E+eh+Feh+yK^F
cHF 5I3E'+R Kfc{+rd9'+R /eh+fc{1Lc,c7L+30Fc+KB 2^+H
gh{+Ecd+{CJy{E+g1cR E+=E4KI^.R hK
dKy|Egh{+Ecd+c0)
+R+' KcR 5I3E'+g,LgdHg+g+iR.yKcKcRkE+GcD
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

50'+I%c,yE+I3++I5cnK)+=jcB^D5I3&+=cFcG)+R {Gy|E+5I3E'
+
R
 y|E+gKcEdh+d+
R
RdK'+gh{+Ecd+c0)+FgREc0)+jcB^R E+{1'c8FI

E4 3R yF gEc.g1yF)+gE+I'+g1R y+gG+z+ 7+d++xH=K 5I3E'+!
yK+Bcd8'+cRhE+y|E+)
R +h.c+gG+zFR+'
R+' E4KgKIc{F.)cBy|E+gKcG
R
Rh1gKz+c+dFxH gR1y+gG+z+ Ic{.'+dK
cE)+:'+I'+gKz+Fx2+P' ^Cc+R+' I'+I^}E+B3
nR {KR Eeq7I'
R
P +:'+LcdF
x.dKI gR Ec+gK{hR E+ 7c,+xHI^}E+B3gG+zc,gKz+c+dFgG5cFKyyK
R
ck+yG'+ c+%c}1)+-5ch7+gREcFjcK{.gRK+' 1KyxE+lqdE+o*chGRn7y8 RDgKcG
NjcB2R +' =Lc1y8R : +F'+%c}1)+ I^0
gKz+c+dFII^}E+B3gG+zF,
R
GcDy8F g1yR +gG+z+ HI'R +c23)+R+' g1FyK+Bcd8jc,c{1ckF)+chGc,
g1yR +gG+z+.'+gR H'+Ec,FEy|E++xHgK+^dE+gGHhB
$  yKcKcRkE+
R
,c{E+y
1R y+hEgKIc{F^1+INy8
R |E+Fg
R
R hKchR Ec,Iy|E+E4dCL
c*cCKeh+R'yKcKcRkE+GcDy|Eg1R yFgG+zFFK
R
KR +' 1y.
gG+z+Rc) BcHF$=cFRIRc:)+2^+F $KyE+.yK+Bcd8xF
cd8KgKz+L+30Fd++xHK'+dKI$HyK+Bcd8gKcGg1R y+
U}+jg+E3

eh+-yK^F5yR .yK+Bcd8EL+^GLgBcDE+F'c,ch1c,^K^++^+eh+'+^dKck++xH
=LBNjc8B32FLgBcDc.c=B^F^K^{.F+x1RhhBR Ny}FLc,c{1rh.'+
y}Feh++F'c,ch1+FL+^GcH^K^{.
Njc,c{1B^,h'+eh+-yK^F=+xE
= R;+gRBy}+jc}E+9c.n{hE}F
R
c+F dF  R Eh{F Njc,c{1B3yB+.enK 
R y}+fc{+B3 I^0+xH=N ckF
jc,c{+ynK+4cFdEc,g
R By}+jc,c{+y.cB3II^}E+y.cB3}.'
+enKeh+F^th{K
R
R
gR By}+jc,c{+IgKR ^R E+
^1E+yE+KI^}E+B3,
hR hKxE+LcdKy.{G}hR Ec,
R
R y}+fc{+B3 hR hK



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

I^}E+B3r}F^th{KC+E+jc=B^+
R Ejc|E+cC5'
+n{hE}}+
R
R
R
R c:)+3E+
fc{+B3 r}FcRF'+gRBy}+I'+gRK^RE+jc}E+c
R RF+) }K
R N B3)+|K'+BC3>N |,
y}+
I^}E+B3=zhEcHh{B
R
R
DgK(I5+F^R E+fc{+Fcdq7R 5I3&+i,NgK3,y}+eh+fc{1rhhP B+
R' R F+xHINgB^DE4n{.RhKI^}E+B3Bg
R
RBy}+jc,c{+y.cB3I^REc,E4{K
D'+I^}E+B3g
1R y+gG+z+h7c23)++xHI^, 5I3&+A,C'+^R E+fc{+gC
R
+xHIgh{F NgDd+n{. RhBRy}+fc{+B3cRF+'  gKz+d+F5I3&+A,
5I3&+Brd9'+&+I
cK'+R F
R y}+fc{+NcFFK,c{E+BL
R
ck+BcDfc{+B3Rn{P.'+enKy}+I^RE+,jKqRhE+R'+%y+yRDxhK'++F
R ^GNfc{1:IIy}+Fdq7R hK'+LcK'+rR }KRG'+>y}+c++^K)+R hK
c=Ijc|E+jc=B^FznP
.ck+I^}E+B3cDc{GgKy
REc,
R
R
R y}+fc{+B3hK
eh+F
R y}+KqhR E+Ky;=2^+F5I3h7+hByK+Bcd8y82 $
fc{+F5I3&+gEcdE+gK3E+FE40P +4)+I$hCI+2^+=LB{*yR E+
cHF5I3E'+cD yK+Bcd82 
R y}+fc{+cR.xE+2^+c0)+R+' 7^R E+
$
$
 ! 5I3iGcDy
|E+gKcGg
1R y+gG+z+Rc) B
R
kU E}+ngNlU H+

GII^}E+B3e7cF
N |,cRDgR Ec+jc}E+n{.
R ^CRG+' =gR Ec+gK{hR E+j^RD+'
R
R
gG+z+gG5cFR h.gKz+c+dI^}E+B3gG+z+gG5cF=L
c:=
R
R y}+fc{+)+/c8
 gR By}+gK{hR Ec, +xHyKIy}+c,gG+zc, gK{hR E:c+ 
R y}+fc{+B3
-^R cF Nfc{11gh{+Ig=B^+Ecd+ R Dy.y}+cH+y0'+hE+jc}Ec,gq*Hy}+c,
R
xE+y}+c,= RhE cdE+ I^0)+^=-E+.gKcGdh+5+^+IiCE+F-3^R
yK+Bcd8gKcG+^+eh+cR.
N |,jc}E+n{.
R
RERh1cdE+I^+d+c{GH
R
Ry}+fc{+B3gG+z+.^C
xE+|E+n{.
R h7ck+d7=gFzR E+jcBh2+F3^=cHK'+r05'+Be7cF
R
h7+^Cy}+K'++FERy}+fc{+B3y|E+FK2'
+FE+hCiB3P
R
yK'+h+FRG+' I'+y}+c,yK'++F+xE,g9c+jFcc,j'
+^,I'+^,|E+
R
R
E4)+gBc:)c,y|E+Ex,
9c+cdE+y
|E+F-2'
+gE+cRK' +2y}+)+B^+c+
R
R
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

75HE4=NckF6y,'+R EIjc,c{+cn{.R hKhE+jc}E+,y}+c,y.^C


R
Ry}+fc{+FL-y8cdF{qP.hE+y}+
E46c)+LcFRy}+fc{+B3Iy}+c,y.g9RDiGcD)+}qBR 5IyE+F+xE
R
fc{+B3cH8'chB
c.2F
R y}+fc{+B3cH5<F^D'chR E+IcdE+jc}E+8'
R
NcFgRn{+jc}E++^th7+=+x1+F7cdE+cH5<F^D'
cRhE+IRy}+
R


ckF= R;E gK{hR E+ I^0yG'+cdE+I
R y}+fc{+B3,gG+z+gK{.B^1+I
-3bU l+nH+

+^th7+dKcDgRBy}+IgRK^RE+jc}E+n{hEg}Fy.cB3+^th7+enKL
c,c7sIy|FHcD
R
LkF c+Fh{.dFR E6+hR E+y/'+dR h.ErhK'+E4'c8B-^hFg=R Eg}Fy.cB3
Nfc{1rhBh{.ED8E'+I5I3&+g,5'+RG+' eH
5I^E+I|E+hE^1+I
R
F,cnKI'+LcKy75F'+eR }KcR LcFghNj=i0^C.)+I^1+INI^9B3
 kHg1)+gF5'+ EbU H+ngN)+

B3jc}K)+2FE4RhKjcB^R Egd{REc,g9REgEc1)+C53c7)+RhKI^}E+B3
R
cCy.enK , 9c+^1+E+C5
R
RdK'+2'++xH=IB3c}K)+2FgB3 RD/.enK
jc,c{+-y8IgB^R E+dFI9E+I gB^R E+R.xE+}t|E+'
R + EB^+IB^R E+uK5c.I ,chhR Ec,
gM 75c.EjcB^R E+x,sc{EF+^th7+cDB
^R Ec,cE+dCE4 R 5IyE+FI
R
R
E40'+Fgh{FB3-6c0)+j+5ch7++^th7c,B'+
^hKxE+KyhR E+HCyR E++xBgB3R E^1R FC5.HB^R E+jc}K)+FR 7c7'+^E+R)+
y/ch.1cR7LcdEc>Ex,cE+R 5IyE+FIgd7c+cG2FgB
^R E+y/'+RdhhER Ec+ R<+
R
LkFgB3R ENC5.2FyF'+y,R ^.+x1g=B^FB3jc}K)+yB+h.+4)cBDc|+
g<Ec,K'+E4'c8B uE)+cRkE+GcDIcRkE+GcD gdCch+g{{E+5cht.^C
R
jc}K)EgR 7c7'+
gt{R E+RtP.cBgd7c+jnR 7I'+gt{R E+%F R hBB^R E+jc}K)+=ht{G5+^9)+enK
eGc0)+jc}K)+B3jcB^R E+ RE Rc:)+n7cHR+' E4BB^R E+jc}K)+B3gGcRkE+
I^}E+B330+n
{E+
R
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

LBi/^1gB^R E+R+' =E^R E+Hc}K)cBL+yRBhFE4K1-5.cBIc}K)c,gB3R D=^P.'+enK


^=c1IEc,ihP 7+hE+jcF^+I{E+-5.cE+}.IL
Bc=ch,+ R ^CjcF^+I{E+R
R
R +' I
sIy|FHcDjc}K)c,
B.
R F^.dKcDc}K)+jcF^+I'+{E+9IdK-5.cByR
R
 g=+^R E+*c/E+ chR E++
ngN)+n+blI

e{1  ^1R + C5 2'+ +xH yDxK '+ enKI 


R c}K)+ ^h{F  %y+ chKN 23 R '+ /. dK
enK.y8Ifc{+dFI9E+I c+B^KxE+}t|E+ B+
^R E+Ic}K)+uK5c.I e.yRhE+
R
c+hKxE+}t|E+c=R
CKgt{GB+^R E+h{Bjc}K)+j+^h{F=u{Gm/5+^9)+
R
j+^h{F B3  PhB gGcRkE+ gt{RE+ cRF'+ -3^R + h RF )+ eH4 ^C c+R'+ = E^R E+ H +xB
gd7c+jn7:.gkEcRkE+cBjc}K)+
c+hEcEch7+cD R '+ch7+)+IF&+ NcFjc}K)+j+^h{Fjn71dK
LcKR yHc<h RF7c,
k=+bU H+*g/H+
hR h.'+enKE Lc,c75DxFHcD gR By}+jc,c{+B3I'+I^}E+B3jc
}E+n{.dK
R
R
j+5ch7+IB^R E+j+^h{FIjc}K)+*c/E+xHR h.IcEgd{R Ec,g<g=+3*c/,LcK'+g9R D
jc,c{+FNg{7R +' FR F%M z0Hg=+^R E+*c/E+Fjc+xHI-6c0)+
jc,c{+,cFcEI ghg=R E7+C30IFy8R E*c/E+F}FFyB+hK'+dK
 B^R E+c}K)+=^0+h.'+hE+ -6c0)+g9 R Eg<+*c/E+R h.'+enK gR By}+
B^R E+j+^h{Fe.y.e{1*c/E+1enKLcFg=cRD.+E+I'+jc}K)+IB^R E+c}K)+I
jc,c{+B3I'+I^}E+B3f+,'
+F Nfc, R ' jc+g=+^R E+j+^h{+3cnK)+{K'+enK
R
BB5;=gdR.yFg=+^R E+*c/E+=gKR y8NjcFNjc,c{1ehFR '+'+r05'+FL+4)+gK5c+
krl+ng,g+
jc,c{+y.cB3R'+>gd7ccG R +' y9c=H'+^1'+Ijn{E+17c7'+jc}E+n{.hK
R
yRB.cR Ee{1IgKR 3yE+jc}E+9}t,9c..BcH3y-3
^R LgC^R E+IgR By}+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

jcF+}t.enK:yE++xELcK'+c+5^}F=IO =Ig+c+gR D=gR Ec0)+N-59R +'


I^}E+y.cB3-yR
Bh+
R
yKcKcRkE+GcD+^+eh+cH+y0'+hE+g=B^+Igh{+Ecd+= +L z0F }thR E+ I^0yK
}t. R cDcDgR By}+jc,c{+B3II^}E+B3FjcF+xHeq7
R ^CIyK+Bcd8I
R
^R K'+E4'c8Bgh{+Ig+Ecd+5+^FgByF{.+xHIjc`E++^th7c,jcR E+I2^+
gdC+yF+x1h{KxE+Iy|+yK^F=-^*cEc,E43K5^}FIc+cG)+gR ELcq:+ILc}.

R c0)+
R c+:E+
c|CcGcBEcd+oh.'+dC-^1+INg=)+cRDcE'
.1
R +=jE+F 3N ^,jc}E+JynP
R
ck+d7=|E+)
R +j+5I^R E+gBc:)+R +FKELc,c7
ng,g+n+}8

F g{7 gKR '+ +^th7+ B  jc,c{+ j+y8 A, I^}E+


R y.cB3 }thE gF^th{+ jc`E+ R {P.
HjcR E+j+y8.cFL-3c=gR F+>jc REgd{R Ec,.cGIIy|+2^F}thEjc`E+
LcBII'+ fyE+I'+y|E+I'
R E+LkF gR B+y+gELcBI'c|P.'+BH'+
R +f+I'+c|E+jc
R
I'+ R<+Ec.LkF jcR E+ELcBII'+ =+5zE+=^R E+I'+gq}E+g,y
hR E+=jcR E+LkF Iy|E
R
 gR =+5zE+j+I3'+I'+R E+

B gK;j+y8cF'+c+rhK'+E4'c8B gh+y;'+xHFLcnKzFLcdEc>j+y|E+^th{.


R
Njc,c{qDgG6++gh{Fc{Gj+y|E+.'
+
enKEF+^th7+Ij+y
|E+F
N
G
R +' E'c.
R
R
g,hFgG6++.1jc,c{+j+y8^K^ R hKL+4)+g1
j+y8 ^R . cF^= jc,c{+ F^th{7 KxE+ 9ct8'+ jc0c1 Lc*+3 5cdh=+ , x2'c. '+ =
9ct8'Egd{R Ec,-^FjcF+xHh7Bc0chG)+R h7hE+jcF+j+y|E+3
R ^R qhBjc,c{+
eh+d7c+IIy|+-5+3)+=EI({+9ct8'+%(HR hK#jc,c{+F^th{7KxE+
R 05c2NrGcFR '+IgR F+>g RE{*yR E+
NjcdRhFF^th{+,
gKR 5c+.c,c{1j+y8+^th7+R 5IyE+F+xEhEg,cC>gh,c/
R
qGc+dEIgR F+>g RE{*yR E+eh+jc,c{1gG'+=gEc+xHd.'+r05'+F
 rGc+)+yK5cRhE+^. 7+iGcFjc,c{1g= Rc:)+N|,E4g|CcFRh.R05c+



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

eRhK+xEenKcD-yR|FgR By}+jc,c{+B3II^}E+B3g
nR {Fg9R D.'++F
R
ckF= R;E j+y8 I^0yG'+gR By}+jc,c{+II^}E+y.cB30'
+FLcR Bc:)+ +L 3=yF'+
R
yK+Bcd8IyKcKcRkE+Gc,g9c+I^
}E+y.cB3=j+y
|E+
R
R
R dR P.l1
ng,g+k92

jc,c{+pchG)c,r{KcRjc,c{+j+y8+^th7+FgRBy}+jc,c{+B3II^}E+B3}t.
R


D1.'+I jc,c{+}t. I^0jc,c{qE{,N}t.=ckF= R;+
gREc0)+gG6+c,gE{,chG5cFDI%+5^+=-^*cEc,cHgF^th{+jcF+3.
kU Hg+,+H+
U
R h.HIcG3'+c9IR hK3cGI'+c+5^Hch1+*cHN|,}R.'+gCgR 7c7'+gR EcF,+E
FiRcRDELc*+3cRD,+E+d.schK^CR
G'+)+-5c8)+5^jcRE+-6c0)+kFjc
R
-CD'
R +FcGrd9'+cd.
Jy2'+gR 7c7'+,+E+FI.+4
^R q,gKcEF
R
R cFM,c:HgG6+c,chG5cFIjc,c{+3+^=)+R+' yRDx.
^K^=LBgR Ec+c='+0'+Fgd7c+j++Ij+5c+I49ct8'+fch7+=9y+H
jc,c{+REhE3^0 R<F3cnK)c,yF'+RhKcF^=gKR EI'++xHR hqK'+dKr:+IN|,.cR EI({F
.cd0+IyK'+F^RDc' .IgF6E+-+Ij+%cE+Lc}t8^0
-6g0)+

gBc+=5M 3cCcG)+gR EI({FhKFR+' =9yqER 5Iy:+xBcG)+3+FF-3R cFR D-6c0)+dK


R+4)cBgG6++3I^1:jcR E+%c,=L-3c=M I({Fck+d7=Iy|+yK^B5F'+cF6=
 e7cF>N|,c+PK'+LkF .y7=yF'+pyt7jcB^R E+-6c0)+F R<+FR +'
ghgKR 7KcFL+3^R gG6++=I({+Iy|+yK^Fc=B+Ks:,gR dFNj+%+y0)+3ch=+enK
^R ++xH6Icnh.hE+jcB^R E+cRF'+5I3 ^R 1d.gRK^G NjcB3-6c0)c,eh+yK^sc{E+L
kF
R
N
LcK'+5IyE+FE+0I Iy|+yK^Ffc>%c/'
+=R Fe*cGI'+ Iy|+yK^FcHznK'+enB
R
^Cjc|Ee;-5ch7+ ^h.^CLkF jc}E+FghN
+G'+-6c0)gh Nj+5ch7+3ch=+
R
c.6c0)+Ijc|E+xHe;0'
+F }qhR E+
R



!+^.J+7gG/<gGd,E
How to Build a Good Small NGO

I'+

I^9C'+=I'+L-3c=gKzcDF&+NcFeh+R ^GNdFR +' 1L+^R 0+FRG+' R8


gKz+c+%c,)+R hK'+dKcD^1+IN}t8=I^}E++xH)
+9E+y}hK'+enKhF
R
R cF
6E+^=)+{*yR E+eh+F=}+I'+y}+Fc+eq7enKIG3'+^R 1)+
kE}+LkNbU H+ngNlU H+

RG+' jc,c{+jy<'++4)cBC+E+{.jc,c{+R'+yh{BchGc,gRBy}+IgRK^RE+jcK{RhE+iRd P;+4)+


C'+=Ny8R Dd.dKIR 7c7'+M,c:H+xHLB5I3g*cFiG'cBL+^G5I3g*cF
ngh0+H+E

jcd0+Egd{REc,gREI({+E+Cc;Fh%c='+R qhK'+=9y+HgRK5c+gREc+,+E+F
R
ch1+ch1+F}RKcDcRDgd7c+c='+1jc9qE+F gL {7E4^R Kgh+gd7c+
n{.I^RE+gREI({FRE.IjcB^R E+-6c0)+Bc}BgEIcRh.hE+gR7c7'+*c<E+cRF+' dDN|,
jFc+I'+jc}E+
R
kh7guHkUhKU|H+b=+H+
Lc}t8R+' KcR jc,c{+jcC^hE+y/'+RdhhE Ng{7 =gBc+=.cF RD Rn7

R c:)+Nsy8)+g0c1cI3BhnR 7cF2F.c,c{1y/'+dR hhK'+enKy2&+
enKcDcRDj+%+y0)+cdR.+FIgd7cFNjcRFcRD*c/E+1F^RD'c.Lc RF D
)+ chE+y|E+c{GgKy
REc,cHz'+y8'+^1'+gRFNgKy,5F'+jz'++4)cBLc7chF D
R
 cH.)+0Ie
M d7c=3+4)+
gd7c+jn{E+
9+I
R R D'F+Ig/^R cRG+' F^D'chR E+I3FyR Lc=d7'+^.jn{E+lK^
R
D+.c='+jc}E+%+y0)
+F{GiCE+
R
ErhKR {FN :+Bc,CgR F NgE'c{FgEc, gL ,9i0+I+4)cB.-^1+I gL G
cFy7'c,I({+e7c+I'+yK^FFc|CcGR/yF'c,g1FehD'+^R RhE+
Mango, 97A St Aldates, Oxford, OX1, 1BT,
UK
Website: www.mango.org.uk
Phone: + 44 (0) 1865 433885
E-mail: enquiries@mango.org.uk

A,c}R.+%c0yR E+jcF+F^KzE



2030 M Street, 5th Floor, NW


Washington, DC 20036-3306
tel: (202) 728-5500
fax: (202) 728-5520
www.ndi.org

You might also like