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158
Summary
We mentioned in this study (Equilibrium of the Authorities in the
Contemporary Constitutional Systems) the statement of the content of
the separation principle between authorities, the reason of its origination in
addition to having mentioned the most important democratic orders
(Liberal) based on the principle of separation between the authorities,
Britain, France and USA. We also talked about the equilibrium of
authorities in the Iraqi constitutions throughout the research in the essential
law / Iraq for year 1925 towards the law of the administration of the state
for the transitional stage then having mentioned the permanent constitution
for year 2005 and who much the balance of authorities would be in this
constitution.
We, so far have arrived at the conclusions and results that we will
clarify as follows:
1- As for the principle of separation between authorities and it
160
particularly the basic law for year 1925 we have concluded that the
parliamentary life in Iraq was not at a success. It has suffered from
lots of slips, deviations, and interventions, where the executive
power was domineering the parliament permanently. It has so often
been dissolved between 1925-1958 and the parliament at the time
couldnt conceal confidence from government. In spite of a series
of rumors mentioned about the parliamentary life at the monarchy
era in Iraq but it would remain a significant experience that could
have developed and evolved if it would have long lived and
communicated.
161
6- After we have studied the most important articles of the law of the
management of the state for the transitional stage we have
concluded that this law didn't refer definitely the shapes of the
political systems although it has mentioned the principle of
separation between authorities but it didn't determine the type of the
order which the law has adopted whether it was the parliamentary
system or presidential or provincial or mixed in spite of its likeness
to the parliamentary system because of the elections of the
presidential council by the national assembly and the duality of the
executive power in addition to the responsibility of the ministry
before the national assembly. In spite of all mentioned above, we
have arrived it would be factual that their would be a clear balance
between these authorities via the principle the conformity on which
the various political powers would be best and these powers had
contributed in the transitional government for the year 2004 and
such an act was obvious through the method the presidency council
was formed.
7- After we have talked about the most important clauses of the
permanent Iraqi constitution for the year 2005 we have reached the
following results: it is a parliamentary system based on the
principle of flexible separation between authorities along with the
availability of some phenomenon of the presidential system
particularly related to the banning of the constitution of having the
function of membership in the parliament and the post of the
ministry in addition to the vote right which the presidency council.
This right which the legislator has given to the presidency council
via the constitution is a good step to keep the ministerial stability
steady in Iraq. Although it has been coined and formulated in the
162
163