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Foundations of Group Behavior

Chapter 8

Defining and Classifying Groups


Formal
Command Groups

Task Groups
Interest Groups

Informal
Friendship Groups
Chapter 8 2

Stages of Group Development


Prestage I Stage I Forming Stage II Storming

Stage III Norming

Stage IV Performing

Stage V Adjourning

Chapter 8

Group Behavior Model


Group Member Resources Group Task

External Conditions

Group Processes

Performance and Satisfaction

Group Structure

Chapter 8

External Conditions Imposed on the Group


Overall strategy Authority structures Formal regulations Resources Employee selection Evaluation-rewards Culture Work setting
Chapter 8 5

The Resources of Group Members


Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities Personality Characteristics
Chapter 8 6

Identity

Expectations

Group Roles
Conflict Perception

Chapter 8

Performance

Appearance

Group Norms
Resources Arrangement

Chapter 8

Conformity to Group Norms


vvv Studies by Solomon Asch vvv

Chapter 8

Status in the Group


Norms Culture

Equity

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Size of the Group


Small groups
Large groups Social loafing

Individual effort
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The Composition of the Group

Diversity Demography

Cohorts

Chapter 8

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Cohesiveness-Productivity Relationship
Cohesiveness
High Low

Performance Norms

High

High Productivity

Moderate Productivity

Low

Low Productivity

Moderate to Low Productivity

Chapter 8

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Effects of Group Processes


Process Gains

Synergy

Potential Group Effectiveness Process Losses

Potential Group Effectiveness

Social Loafing
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Group Decision Making


Advantages
v v v

Disadvantages
v v v

More Diversity of Views Increased information Higher-quality decisions

Dominant Individuals Unclear Responsibility Time and money costs

Improved Commitment

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Chapter 8

Conformity pressures
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Accuracy

Creativity

Group Effectiveness and Efficiency

Speed

Acceptance

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Group Decision Making

Groupthink

Groupshift

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Interacting

Brainstorming

Techniques for Group Decision Making


Nominal
Chapter 8

Electronic
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