The Real History of Ancient Egypt

2009


:
: 2009
2009 /
:
.I.S.B.N
:
magdy2014@hotmail.com
:

:
:

:
:
:

:
:
:
:

5
9

17

17
18
20
21

) (
) (


) (

27
31
31
34
35
37
39
40
44
46
46
48
52
56
58
64
64
67
71
72
76
77

:
:

) (

77
79
80
81
84

) (

89
90
90
92
93
95
98
98
100
100
102

104
107
108
111
112

) (

115
115
117
117
117
119
120
121
122
124
126
127
131
132
134
134
136

:
:
:

:
:

:
:

:
:

:
:

:
:

139
142
143
146
149
150
151
153
156
156
158

160
160

160
160

) (

161

163

166

)(

)(

166
167

169
169

170

175
191
193

.
.


.


,
.


1
.2

.


) (.


) ( ) (

- 1
- 2

. " " 270 - 269

. " " 9 5
" " 436 - 435
" " 259 , 258

 ) (
) (
) (
) ( .


.



.

3
.

.


.

4 .



" " :
" .


". 5

.

- 3
- 4
- 5

" " 471

. " " 364 , 251 , 95 65
. " " 367 - 364
" " 223 , 207


) ( ) (.
20 , 19 , 18
.


.
:
- 1 ) (
- 2 ) - ( ) (
- 3 ) - (
- 4 ) ( 6 ) (
- 5 ) (


.

.

.


.

.


.



.

- 6 " " 38
" " 597 - 596 - " " 29

 .

.

.
) (

) ( ) (
.


.

.

.


.
.

.
,


.7
8

.

.


.
7
8

10

" " 253 - " " 132 , 124



.

" "
.

) ( .
" ) ( "

) (
.
) (
) (
.
.

. )
( .
.
.
,

, .
.
.

. .
.
.9

.
) (


9

- " " 125 -123

11

 .
) (


,
35 .
.



.


.

.

.

101

..

.

) .( 8 - 1 : 11

12


101 2247 .

) (
) ( ) (
) ( :
- 1 .
- 2 .
- 3 ) (
.
- 4 .
- 5 ) ( .
- 6 ) ( .
- 7 .
- 8 ) ( .
EGYPT



,

1491

,
.

.

) ( .
"

".
"

13


".


.

,



.



.




101
2247 3200
852
.




.



3200
2247 .


) ( .

14

 ,

.

101



.

2247 .

2247
101.


.

.


.10

.11

.

.
- 10 . " " 270 - 269
. " " 9 5 " " 436 - 435 - 11 " " 259 , 258

15

) ( .
12

) ( Amosios

.


.
) (
.
) (

.


.

- 12 " " 214 , 114

16

 .

.
13
,
.14

,
.
.

.


.
1939
.

" "


.
)
(
.

.
) (
) (
.15

- 13 " " 29
- 14 " " 38
- 15 " " 239 , 219

17


.
) (

16

.17


.18


.


.

.19


.

.

.20

.
) (
21 .

16
17
18
19
20
21

18

" " 239 , 238 " " 293 " " 270 - 269 . " " 364 , 351 , 95 65 . " " 367 - 364 - " " 366

 114 , 19 , 18 .22

.

.





.

.



.23

) (
.
" "
, .



:

) ( ) 1920
- 22 " " 434
- 23 " " 12/9/2000
6

19

 ( ) (
) ( .

" "






.24

.

.
..
.
)
(
.

..
- 24 " " 53
. " " 219 - . " " 186

20

 .

.25
) ( ) (
.

.
.. .
. .
.
.
. .
.
. .

.
.
) .( 16 - 1 : 14

) (

.

) (
) (
.


.
)
(
) (.

- 25 " " 95

21

 )
(
) ( .

.
" "
, ,

.

101 2247
1920

1747 .

, ,
.
.

.

.

22

26

.

.
:
" ) (
".

.

) ( .



.

.
. :
"

".
""


.
150

.


.

.
- 26 " " 320 315
- 282 , 217 , 216

23



) (

, .

.
" "
.


.

27
.


.



.28
.

" "


) ( .. ,
)
(.


- 27 " " 543
- 28 " " 240 , 208

24

 .29

) (
.

""
"" " "
.30

.

" " )
( .

1706 )
( .

..

) .( 11 - 4 : 47



.

- 29 " " 304 - 303

- 30 . " " 135 - 134

25

 ) (
) (
) (
.

) ( .

26

 ) (
) ( ,
- 14 : 42
.17

.

.
" "
.


:
"
,

,
". 31



.
- 31 . " " 897

27



.


.





.


..

) .( 36 - 18 : 47
.


.

.
86
.
) (

.

.32

- 32 " " 258 - 257

28

 ) ( 32 : 24
.
.
) ( ) (
.33

. .
46

.
" "
" " )
(
) ( ) ( ) (

) (

.

.
) (

) (
.

:

.
:
:
..

) .( 11 , 6 : 47
- 33 . " " 1997 33

29

 1706
.
1491

.



.34
:
1491 ,
.


.


,
.


.


.


.

.

.
.
.
- 34 . " " 357

30

35

.
.


.36
.



) (
.

.

) ( ) (
.

.37
.

1491 .



.
.
)
18 ( .

) (
:
"
- 35 " " 643
- 36 . " " 352
- 37 . " " 353

31

 ,


".38


.


18
.39

1448 .


.

"
- -
" .40

.41

.

.



) (


38
39
40
41

32

" " 329

. " " 135 - 134
" " 534
" " 91 , 90

) (

.


.


) .( 22 - 8 : 1

.
.
.

. .
. .

33

 . . .
.
.
.
.

. .
.
.
. .
. .
.
.
.
. .
.
.
. . .
. .
. .
.
. ) - 1 : 2
.( 23

) (


.

..
) (

34

 .
) (
.

, ..
) : 3
.( 20

.
. ..
. .

.
. .
.

.

.

.

,

,
.42
- 42 " " 508
) ( ,

, ,


,

35



.43

.. . .
.

.
..
..
.. .
. ) .( 5

,

.
:
. .

.. .
. .
.

. . .
.
) ( .

. . .
. .
.

.


.
- 43 " " 91

36

 .
. .
.
.
. .

.
.
. .

.
. . .

) (

.
) .( 12
:

. .
.
.
. .
. .
.
. .
.

. .
.
.
.. .

37

 . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.

. .
.

. .
. .

.

. .
.
.

. .
.
. ) .( 14
.
. ..
. . .
.
. . .
. . .
. . .
. .
.. . .
. .
. . .

38

 .
. .
.
.

. .


.
.
.
.
.

.
. . .
. .
.
. . .
.
. .
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
.
. .
.
.


.

39

) .( 39 - 1 : 33

) (
1941

" "
:
..
.. .. ) (
) ( ) (
) (.


) ( )
( .. ..

.
" " .. "
" ..
:
603.000 ) 600.000
(
) ( .
0.217
.
0.189
.
2.250
15.600 ) ( .
.
3.360
63.052 ) (.
689 ) ( 687.668
.

40

 60 3050 .44



.
. . .
.
.

.

. .


.




.

) (


.
) (
45 ) (
.

16 )
( 125 150
- 44 . " " 523 - 518
" " 666 - 664 , 655 . " " 240 - 45 )
( 19 : 1
.

41

 ) (
) ( :
..

) ( .

) (
..

.
) (
.


.




..

.
..
) (
" " .
) ( )
(
.

..

42

 .


..
.


.46..




) .( 29 : 14


.

) (

.
) ( .



) .( 25 - 24 : 14




) .( 28 - 26 : 14

.
330
) (.
- 46 " " 401 - 397
- . " " 218 - 216

43

 .
94 :
" 340 83
2041
) (
892 .. 103
!! ..

".47


.48


.

35
1898 .

,

.
.

.


.

.


) .( 30 : 14
- 47 . " " 240 - 237
- 48 " " 74 , 73

44


,
.




.



.49

- 49 . " " 114 - 111

45


) (
) (
) (
) ( )
(.50

.
) (
1491 .

.

- 50 " " 2 3 74

46


51

,

.
.

) (

52
,
.



.


- 51 " " 2 3 74
- 52 . " " 139 , 36

47

.53

.54

) (.


,


:
- 53 " " 394 - 393
- 54 " " 157 , 111

48


.55
) (


!!!.



.

.

.

, .
:

- 55 " " 163 , 158

49

56

) (.

.

. .
.

.

.
13

.57


.
-
-
- 56 " " 160 , 110
- 57 " " 78

50



58
.

.
166 :
,
.

) ( .


.

.

:
55 1907

.


.
.

- 58 " " 242

51



.
) (
.


:

) ( ) (

52


) (
) (.



:
.
.
.
.
.
) . ( 23 - 19 : 104


) (
:
) (
.

53

 ..

.59

.60

) ( .


.

.



. :
..

.

..


" "
" "
" "
.

.



:


- 59 " " 253
- 60 " " 350

54

,
,


.

55






.


,
. 61

,

) ( ) (
.62
" " 63
.

64
.


.65

.



61
62
63
64
65

56

"
"
"
"
"

"
"
"
"
"

1999
1999
1999
1999
1999

35
84
30
83
36

 .
.


.




. 66
72.3 20.

:
"

".67

.68
) (

.

.69

.
" " "
" .
:
" ) (
70 ". 71
66
67
68
69
70
71

. " " ) (6 1 2000 10

" " 1999 86
" " 1999 75
" " 1999 113 , 112 , 107
. " " 501
" " 132

57


.
) (

.
)
(
.

.

.
) (
) (.

) (.
) (
)
(
" ". 72

) (
) (

.
)
( .

.

.73
- 72 " " 327
- 73 . " " 232

58



:
.. .. ..
..
..
)
( .

- - -

..
.. ..
:
" . ..
.. ".74

.


.

.

.

:
)
( ..
) (
- 74 " " 12 - 10

59

 .75



) (
.76

:
.. ..
.

..
.. ..
..
) ( .77..

) 28 - 300 (
) 1420 -1448 ( :
78
" " .

,
.
.

.
) ( .

.79

75
76
77
78
79

60

" " 15
" " 121
" " 21 - 20
" " 1999 86
" " 16




.

:
..
..
.. ..
.. ) (
..
..
) (.
) (
.. ) (

.
" "



:
..
..


) (.80





.

- 80 " " 648 - 644

61

 .


.
,


.

.
. :
"
..

".81

) (
) (
1816
.82

:

..






) (
.83

- 81 " " 1999 123
- 82 " " 19
- 83 . " " 239 - 238

62

 ) ( .



.

) (
.84

) (
) ( ) (.85
) (

,

.
1936


,
.86
) (

) ( 30 : 44
.



.


.

- 84 " " 221
- 85 " " 1999 85
- 86 " " 66

63

.

.

) (.

.87


.

.



.

.88

- 87 " " 289 - 287
- 88 . " " 6 2000 10

64

137
146
.



.

.
,
,
.

) ( )
(

) (.

.



, :
" ..
.. ..
) ( ..
) ( )
( ..
..

65

 .. ..
..

( .. ..
.

..
.. .. )
( )
( " ) (.89

) (

.


) (
) (
) (
.


.90

.
. ) (
.91


.
- 89 " " 203 - 201
- 90 . " " 214 213
" " 214 , 114 - 91 . " " 367

66


)
( 28 )
18 26 ( )
.92( 26
) (
.

.
93




.94


) (
.95


.

.



, ) (

.
) (.
) (
92
93
94
95

" " 113 - 111

" " 127 , 113
. " " 159
. " " 1975 104 - 103

67



) (
)
(

.96
.


97
.

) 98
(.
) (

.
) 170 (
) ( .
)
( ) (
.99
.
.100



- 96 " " 327
. " " 184 - 183 - 10997 . " " 186
- 11098 " " 324 - 323
- 11199 . " " 184 - 183
- 112100 . " " 21

68

 .


.

.


.



) (
.



.


.
.

.101
.
.

.102
.


.103

- 101 . " " 152
- 102 . " " 303
- 103 . " " 348

69

 ) (

)
(

.

.
..

..

)
.( 17 : 3

1451 .

.



.


.

70

 .

.
.
.
. .
. .

.
.
.

.
.
. .. 104

.
..

. ) 1 : 10
.( 27 -

.
. . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
- 104
)
( 142

) ( ) ( 11 - 8 : 20
.

71

 . . . )
.( 24 - 1 : 12

) (.
)
(

.

EA 286
" - "
..

. " " ..
) ( .
" "
.. .
.
.


!.

EA 288


. " " ..
. " "
.
.

EA 290

72




..
.
.105

) (


.

.





.
.




.

- 105 . " " 245 -242

73


) (


) ( 106 )
14 (.

.

.

) ( )
( 107


.


.

) ( ) ( ) (

- 106 " " 255
- 107
8 ) (
) " " .( 90

74


.

.

) (
)
( 108
.
) (
:
" .. ) ( ..
)
( ..


..
.

" .109

:
)
( .

) (
.. .

.. ) ( ..
.110
108

- ) (

) ( .

.
- 109 " " 366 - 365
- 110 " " 428 - 427

75


.



) (.

.



.
111
) (
112
) (
.

.113

)
(

" "
.


" "
.

- 111
) (

.
- 112 . " " 1975 103
- 113 115 233

76



) ( 114
) (


.115
)
(
)
( .

) (
)
(
) (


.


.


) ( .


.

,

- 114 . . " " 208
- 115 " " 190
" " ) " " ( 67

77

 .
)
(
.

.
.




) ( :
" ) (
) (
) (
".116
:
"
) (
.
) (
) (
." 117

:
"
) ( ..
) ( )
( .. ..


..

- 116 116 235
- 117 11 75 74

78


.118


.

) (
..


.

. .


.


.

" "


,
.119
) (
.

.

.

- 118 . " " 22 - 19
- 119 44 141

79

) ( ) ( 18
) 120 .( 26
) (
.


.



.
) (
.

.



.

) (
.121

) (.

.122
- 120 " " 503
- 121 " " 221
- 122 " " 146

80

 ) (


.123

) (

. 124
) (
.
) (
.125

.126 ,127
) (
.

- 123 " " 72

- 124 178 , 153 310 , 286
- 125 233 1
- 126

.
- 127 . " " 422

81



.

) (
.

.


.




.
.
) (

) (

82



.


.128
.


) ( 570 . 129

" "
.130

570 .

1420 .

.131


) (.

- 128 " " 134
- 129 " " 8/8/2000
2
- 130 " " 436
" - 131 " 4 72

83

 .132


.

.

.

.



) (
- 132 " " 25

84



.133

,
) (.
.
) (
) (.
) (

, " " .

) (
.
) (.

) ( ,
) (

) (
.134
) (
:
" ".135
:
"
- 133 " " 12
- 134 " " 362
- 135 " " 57

85

 ".

) (.

) (



.136


.


, .
) (
) (
) (
) ( ..
) 137 (.

) (

.

) (.
- 136 . " " 444 443
- 137 " " 345 - 343

86


) ( .. ,
)
(.
:
"


.. ..
..
. ".138


) (
.
:



.139

) (
.


.

) (
) ( )
(.

- 138 " " 174 - 171
- 139 " " 64 52
- " " 332 - 309

87

 .140

) ( :

.

.


.

.

) ( .
.141

.

.

...
:

..

.


.

- 140 " " 239
- 141 " " 241 1

88



.




.
) (

)
(

142
.
) ( - )
( .


.143

"
"
.144


.
- 142

) ( ,
) " " .( 52
- 143 " " 34 - 9
- 144 " " 103 102

89


)
(
.
)
(
145
.



.


) ( ) ( .

) (

.

.146



.


.

,
) (
.


- 145 " " 271 - 268
- 146 " " 523 518

90


) (.

) (
.
.

.

.



.

, .147
" "

.148 .

.

.






.



) (
- 147 115 -113 234 - 231
- 148 " " 531

91



:
105 :
) (
) (.

.

)
(.
102
) ( ) (.
114
.
) ( ) (.

.
) (
) (.
) (

.149
) (
) (

) ( ) 98
(.


) (
.150

) (
- 149 " " 380 - 379
- 150 " " 363

92

 ) ( .


. .



.

) (


) (
.


.

.

.

:


)
(
) (
.151

) ( ) ( ) (
) (
.
) (
- 151 " " 266 - 260

93

 .
) (.152

:
..
) ( ) ( ) (
) ( ) ( )
( ..

..


.153

39 - 37

,



.

- 152 " " 259
- 153 " " 330 290
- " " 81 79

94

) ( .



) ( .154
"
".


.

) (

.
) (
.155


8
) (
) (.
) (

) ( .
- 154 " " 327 - 326
- 155 " " 263 - 262

95



.

.

:
..
) (
..
.
156

) ( .. ..
.157



) (.158

) (.


,
) ( 159 .

156
157
158
159

96

"
"
"
"

"
"
"
"

318
319 - 314
328 - 326
247

 ) (.


.
160

.

) ( .161





.
) (
.
)
(
) (.162


) ( 163
) (
) (
)
( .164


) ( ) (
- 160 " " 81 1
- 161 " " 284 - 245
- 162 " " 353
- 163 " " 303 - 291
- 164 . " " 74

97

 ) (.165


:
"
,


".166


.

) (
) (

)
(
.

,
.167


.

) ( )
(
.
) (

- 165 " " 329 - 326
- 166 " " 329
- 167 . " " 421 420 , 409
- " " 92 - 88

98

 .168




.
1905

:

..
..
.169


.170
.
.171


.

- -
.

.

" "
) (
.. .172

- 168 " " )(
- 169 " " 92 - 88
- 170 " " 31 30
- 171 . " " 423
- 172 " " 538

99









.
29 , 28
30 , :
: 570
,

530

311 .
:
.





.

.


) ( ) (
) ( ) (

100

 ) ( )
( .
173
.

) (

)
(
) (.

20 , 19 , 18 .

174
8 175
.



) (
- 173 " " 564 558
- 174 " " 492
- 175 . " " 93 - 91

101

 .176

) (


.
) (

.
) (
177 ) (
8 .
) (
) (
) (


.




.

- 176 " " 52

- 177 " " 263 -262

102

 ) (
48 , 10
.

.

.178


.

1491

.
" "


179
- 178 " " 493
- 179 " " 666

103


) .( 37 : 12

.

599

) ( .

.




.

.
"



".


:

"
"
) .( 16 : 9

:
" ..

) ( ..

104

) ( ) ( "

180

:
" ) ( ..
) ( ) (
) (
) ( ) ( .. )
( ) (".
- 180 " " 302
- " " 222

105


.


.


.

,
" )
.( 16 : 9
1013
.

:
"



") .( 19 15 : 11

:
) ( .. ..
..
.
) ( ..
.. )
(.

:
"
) (

106

 .
.
.
) ( )
(
." ..


.

:
"

".
181
.

.

.


:

.. )
) ( 6 : 1 .( 13 : 7


- 181 " " 110

107

. 182

.



8
) (
20 , 19 , 18
.
) (

) (

.


:

.183
.
"
) (
..
) .184( 12 - 7 : 2

.
- 182 " " 222
" " 100 - 183 " " 303
- 184 " " 248

108


.


.

" " " "
" ".185


"
"
.

.

) ( .

- 185 " " 38

109

 ) ( ) (

) (


.
) (
.
) (

.


.


.
,

110


.186

.

) .( 40 : 11

..
.
..


) .( 10 - 9 , 4 - 2 : 12

156
.
- 186 " " 2/8/2000
6

111

"
" ) (.

.187

) (
.

- 187 " " 120

112


.
.
941 .
.
.
.
.
. .
.

) .( 13 - 8 : 14
.

750
941
.

.


.


.
" "
.

680 .

.


.

1420 .

113

771. .

) .( 20 - 17 :15

740

,
.

) (

114


,
.

.
.

) (
) (

..
) .( 24 - 1 : 17

,
.
,
..


.

115

 .

,
..
.
) .( 6 - 1 : 20
.
) ( " "
) ( "
" ) (
) ( .
" "
.188

713
) - - ( ) (
..

.
..
.

.

.

.
.
.
. .

..
. . ..
- 188 " " 300 - 299

116

 .
.
) .( 21 - 9 : 18
.

.
.
.
.

.
.

.

.
.
..
.
. .
..
.. .
.
.
.

. .
) (
.
) - - (
" " " - - )
) ( 37 - 8 : 19 .( 23 : 32

117




) (

" "
680
.
) (
) ( ,

.


.
" "

118

 .

680 .

.

) (

) (
" "
) ( .


.189


.190

) ( ) (

) ( .
.

.
.



.
,
- 189 . " " 148
- 190 " " 27

119


" ".

.



.

.191

. .. .
.. ) .( 24 -19 : 35
..

. .


) ( 2 : 46
- 191 " " 29/8/2000
6

120

 .
,
..
) .( 8 - 1 : 36

.
..
..
.
.

.
..

.
) .( 21 - 9 : 36
..





) .( 8 - 1 : 2


.
:
) (

121


) .( 30 : 44
570
.

26

.

) (.

.

.
30 , 29 , 28

570

.. ..
..
..
) .( 13 -1 : 43
..
..
..
.

) .( 14 - 8 : 29
530


310 .


" " .

122



.192



)(
.193
"
" " "
.
" "
,
194
.

.
.195

) (

196 .197

.
) (



.

192
193
194
195
196
197

"
"
"
"
"
"

"
"
"
"
"
"

128
79
76 - 70
76
151
76

123

124



) (

125

1
2
3
4

5
6
7
8

) (

) )

) )
)
)
) )

) )

) (

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

) (

))

) )

3
4
5

6
7
8

126

) )

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1
2

)(

4
5

)(

) (

1
2

)
(

)(
) (

) )
) (

) (
) (

127

3
4
5
6

) (

) (

1
2
3

27

1
2
3

)(

18

1
2
3

) (

19

1
2
3

16 ) (

1
2
3

128

) (

1
2
3
4
5

)(

6
7

2
3
4

1
2
3
4

129

1
2
3
4
5
6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

) (

) (

130

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9

38
29
35
20
42
34
43
22
45
36

)(

) (

)(

55

)(

44

23

58

57

)(

)(

16
7
8
17

1
2

131

) (

) (

) (

) (

15

10

11

48

14

47

)
(3
4
5

7
8
9
10

11

1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3

12

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

2
9

) (

1
6
4

21

37

40

41

46

13

1
2

132

)(
)(

)(

) )

) (

"
"
.

)(
)(

)(

5
6
7

) (

) (

) (

6
7

8
9

133

) (

2
3

) (

2
3

134


) (

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

-
-

1
2
3
4

)
(
)(

5
6
7

) (

) (

135

1
2
3
4

1
2
3

:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1909
" " 1996
" "
. " "
. " "
" " 1973

:
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

136

" "
" "
. " "
. " 1981
. " " 1981
. " " 1984
" "
. " " 1982

 16 " " 178

- 17 . " "
1976
- 18 . " "
- 19 " " 1971
- 20 " " 1898
- 21 . " "
- 22 . " " 1997
- 23 . " " 1996
- 24 " " 1990
- 25 " " 1999
- 26 " "
2000
- 27 " " 1993
- 28 . " "
1981
29 . " " 1968
- 30 . " " 1969
- 31 " "

:
" - 32 " 1987
- 33 " " 2000
- 34 " "
1995
- 35 " " 1987
- 36 " " 1980
- 37 " " 1970
- 38 " " 1974
- 39 " " 1966
- 40 . " " 1998

:
- 41 " " 1975
- 42 " "
12/9/2000
- 43 " " 8/8/2000
- 44 " "
22/8/2000
- 45 " " 29/8/2000
- 46 . " " 1957 11

137

 47

48

49

Gardiner, A. : Egyptian Grammar 1950

Flavius Josephe, contra Apion paris1930

The Ancient near east in pictures by James B.

50

pritchard 1954

Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions 5

The Real

1
2
3

4
5
6

666

7
8
9
10
11
12

) (

1990
1992
1993
1994
1994
1994
1995
1997
1997
1997
1997
1998
2005
2009

13
14
15
16

1990
1995
1995
1998

17
18
19
20
21
22

2006
2006
2006
2006
2009
2009

138

of
Ancient Egypt

By
Magdy Sadek
2009

139