Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Metals
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Lead (Pb)
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As All Metals, it has Mixed action:
-
Local : G.I.T
Pb
Peripheral Nerves
So, do u remember the organ with the Largest Water channel system
in the Body?
Yes, its the Kidney, so dont 4get to mention the Kidney as a target
organ in Both Acute & Chronic Lead poisoning, producing
(Fanconi Like syndrome) (Reveraible) ;
-Due to Proximal Tubule affection; Glucosuria, Aminoaciduria,
Phosphaturia, Albumin, Blood & Casts in Urine.
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Occupational Exposure to Lead can also be coded by its Chemical
Symbol:
Pb
Plumbers
Painters
LOCal: GIT
CO
COLors
COLic
COnstipation
Colors
Oral: Blue line at gingival Line (PbS)
Intestinal: Black Offensive stool (PbS)
Colic:
A, B, C
A nemia
Haemo-lysis (++ Fragility of RBCs _ interferes with Na\K Pump & attaches
to the membrane >> ++ Fragility)
Basophilic stippling
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(Punctate Basophilia), due to:
PlumbuM produces
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Brain:
Encephalopathy.
Esp. in Children (Immature BBB)
Esp. with TEL.
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Bone:
Bone aches & Arthritic pain (Lead esp. deposits near Joints)
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Others:
Plumb
Regarding Investigations:
Lead poisoning, is
detection of
Amino-
PROphylaxis through:
PROmote adequate supply of Ca, Zn & Fe. (-- Pb absorption)
PROper Ventilation
PROtective clothing, Masks, gloves & boots.
PERiOdic Medical Examination of exposed workers.
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Regarding the Chelator
B L
( A )
-Its excreted in
-Its contraindicated in
4F
Fe
Fe-BAL Complex is
toxic.
Acute A
RsEniC
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RiCE stools
DD : Cholera,
How
Temperature
Vomiting
COLic
ANALYsIs
Tenesmus
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ENic
Remote: Ars
Par
-Local: G.I.T:
Arsenic:
Aplastic Anemia
Skin & MM.
Sensory
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Iron
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Acute Iron Toxicity
Condition of Poisoning:
Mainly
Local:
Remote:
Peri-portal
Blood
Necrosis (Liver)
Blood
.i . T
Due to
Recovery
N.B.
The 2 Main Toxins during our study, targeting the Liver are
Iron & Paracetamol; They share some distinct characters:
1- Both are originally handled by liver in Therapeutic doses
Iron (Stored in the Liver)
Paracetamol (Metabolized in the Liver)
2- When ingested in excess, they Target it, passing Through 4
stages
Note that
L
IVer
IV 4
GIT
Prognosis
6th
hours,
Stage
Stage I
G.I.T
Stage II
Apparent
Recovery (Both)
Altered Blood
Chemistry
(Paracetamol).
Stage III
Liver Failure
Iron
Paracetamol
Abdominal pain.
Nausea, Vomiting,
Liver failure
(Jaundice, Coagulation
defects, encephalopathy
& Altered concious level)
Recurrence of G.I.T
Symptoms.
Shock, Hypotension &
Metabolic acidosis.
Stage IV
Prognosis
G.I.T Scarring & Narrowing
with or without
Obstruction
(Pylorostenosis, Gastric
Fibrosis or small bowel
stricture).
Recovery: Resolution of
hepatic dysfunction &
complete hepatic
recovery within 3 - 6
months.
Death: In severe cases
due to Multi-organ
failure.
dr R.M