2

;
:
.
. 7.

,
. .
. x .
5x
. .
: 2 + 7
5x, 2 + 7 ( )

.
.
.

.
.

24.

(=)

(=) .

1.
.
2.
.
3.
.
4.
.

:
. .
. .
. , 8 .

. 4x , x ,
,
4.
. 2x , x , .

x
. 8 , x ,
2
-

25.

E . = .
2
:
. x + 2 = 7
. 2x = 6
. 3 > x + 1
. 7x + 3 = 24

. 2, 7.
. 6.
. 3 , .
. 3, 24.
: x + 5 = 8 2x = 6 . x
0, 1, 3 x .

: 3 + 5 = 8 23 = 6 .
x = 3 .
,
.

: 1 + 5 = 6 , 1, 1
22 = 4 , 2, 2
24 : 4 = 6 , 3, 3
29 7 = 22 , 4, 4
.
. x : 6 = 2 : . 3, . 12, . 4, . 6
. 5x = 5 : . 5, . 0, . 1, . 2

26.

. 12 : 6 = 2
. 51 = 5
13 6 .
.

x . , : x = 613 x = 78 .
78 .
:
40

x . 4x = 40 . x = 10 , 410 = 40 .

200 .
, 20 .

x . 20x = 200 . x = 10 , 2010 = 200 .

1. :
i. x + 3 = 7 : . 1, . 2, . 3, . 4
ii. 3 : . x + 2 = 7 , . 3x = 9 , . 25 : x = 3 , . x + 1 = 0

2.

.

27.

3. :
. 5x = 0 , 0.
. 5 : x = 1 , 1.
. 5 x = 1 , 0.

4. 0, 1, 2 :
. x + 1 = 2

. 3x = 0

. 6x = 14 2

. 6 : x = 3

5.

45.
.

6.

1
3.
2
.

7. 20 .
, ;

8. 75.. 5 ,
.

9. 180 . ; ;
10. 150. . 3
; ( (S) = () (t))

28.

+ 3 = 4 .
3, 4 7 ;

11. : 2 = 5

12. :
3 + 2 = 14

13.

+ 3 = + = 5 .
1 2 3 4 ,
;

29.

1
, ;

2
x + 3 = 7 , ,
;

3


;

1
.

2
() :
. 2 + 1 = 7
. x < x + 2
. 3 < 2 + 1

. x < y +

;
;

.
.

,
...

.

, , .

+ = +
.
.. 50 + 34 = 84 34 + 50 = 84 .
+ + = ( + ) + = + ( + )
.
.. 15 + 32 + 9 = (15 + 32 ) + 9 = 47 + 9 = 56

32.

15 + 32 + 9 = 15 + (32 + 9 ) = 15 + 41 = 56
+0 =

.
.. 17 + 0 = 17
;
,
(), (),
(),
. :

= + =

,
.
:

125 39 = 86
= 125 > = 39

; 10
100 1000 ;
0,1 0,01 0,001 .;


:

= + + + ... +



- -

33.

, , .
10,
100, 1000 ..., , ,
... .
10,
100, 1000 ...,
. .
,
.

,
,
.

, , .
.. 5 5
,
.
.. 57 57

,
.

0,1 0,01 0,001
.
.
;
/
, ,
:
- -

34.

=
.
.. 415 = 60

154 = 60

= ( ) = ( )
.
.. 3710 = (37 )10 = 2110 = 210

3710 = 3(710 ) = 370 = 210

1 =
1
.
0 = 0
0,
.

1. .
2. :
=

+ =
3.
.
4. .
5.

.
6. , ,
. .. 3x = 3x , =
7.
. .. 35 35

- -

35.

:
. 673 + 89
. 92 + 39
. 1325, 6 + 7, 2

. 92 + 39 = 131

. 6, 32 + 29, 2

. 0, 062 + 6, 32

. 9, 72 + 2, 3

. 673 + 89 = 762
. 1325, 6 + 7, 2 = 1332,8 . 0, 062 + 6,32 = 6,382
:
. 632 + 6, 32 + 0, 632 + 63, 2

. 6, 32 + 29, 2 = 35, 52
. 9, 72 + 2,3 = 12, 02

. 723 + 0, 72 + 723, 9 + 7, 23

. 0, 937 + 65 + 8, 9 + 72, 25

. 632, 0
6,32

. 723
0, 72

0,937
65

0, 632
+ 63, 2

723,9
+ 7, 23

8,9
+72, 25

702,152

1454,85

147, 087

:
. 159.500 + 997.000 + 3.000 . 4.400.000 + 630.000 + 5.600.000

.
997.000 + 3.000 = 1.000.000 :
1.000.000 + 159.500 = 1.159.500 .
:

1.159.500 + 997.000 + 3.000 = 159.500 + (997.000 + 3.000 )

= 159.500 + 1.000.000
= 1.159.500

- -

36.

. 4.400.000 + 630.000 + 5.600.000 =

( 4.400.000 + 5.600.000 ) + 630.000 =

10.000.000 + 630.000 = 10.630.000

.
.

7 32 5
+ 43 9 6 7
5 12 5

3,2 8
+ , 97
12,6 7

73285
+ 437967
511252

84 470
+
1 0 07 7 03 7

84470
9992567
10077037

+ 9, 397

. 97 , 632
+ 5, 798

12, 675

103, 43 0

3, 278

.
, . , .

- -

37.

:
. 63 - 12
. 6, 9 - 3, 2
. 6, 72 - 2, 39
. 5.232, 5 - 2.351, 6

12

. 6,9
3, 2

51

3, 7

63

. 739, 2 - 67, 9
.

. 620 - 5, 39

6, 72
2,39

. 5.232,5
2.351, 6

. 739, 2
67,9

. 620, 00

4,33

2880,9

671,3

614, 61

5,39

:
. x + 9, 2 = 13, 25
. 7, 32 + x = 9, 76
. 218, 3 + x = 927, 5

. x = 9, 76 7,32 = 2, 44

. x + 6, 35 = 9, 63
. x = 13, 25 9, 2 = 4, 05
. x = 9, 63 6, 35 = 3, 28

. x = 927,5 218, 3 = 709, 2

.

63, 25
28,3
34,95

47, 08
+ 26, 20

93, 25
7, 05

73, 28

86, 20

- -

38.

6 9, 2 8
2,6 9
6 ,0 8

1 6 3,5 0
8, 2
1 3 ,7

. 69, 7 28
- 2, 639

. 82, 632
- 7, 78 9

67, 089

74,843

8 ,6 2
7,7 8
7 4, 4 3

271,86

163,50

2 7 ,8 6
9 ,6
1 7 2, 3

- 28, 72

- 99, 63

134,78

172, 23

:
. 18015, 2
. 697, 20, 3
. 6, 328, 2
. 1, 0562

6,32
x 8, 2
1264

. 8267, 3

. 0, 017, 63

1801
x 5, 2

697, 2
x

3602

0,3

+5056

9005

20916
00000

51,824

9365, 2

209,16

1, 05

62

67,3
82

210
+ 630

+ 5384

65,10

5518, 6

1346

. 0, 017, 63 = 0, 0763 0,1 0,01

0,001
. .
.
:
. 629 - 12 + 52

. 87 + 9( 32 - 8 )

. 63 - 93 + 87
. 62, 3735

,
.

- -

39.

. 629 12 + 52 = 558 12 + 10 = 546 + 10 = 556

. 87 + 9(32 8) = 87 + 924 = 56 + 216 = 272
. 63 93 + 87 = 63 27 + 56 = 36 + 56 = 92
. 62,3735 = ( 62,37 )(35) = 14, 2215 = 213,3
,
10, 100, 1000 ... 0,1, 0,01, 0,001 .
. 83000x = 83
. 63, 821x = 638, 21
. 100x = 82, 5
. x0, 01 = 72, 25
. 52x = 5, 2
. x0,1 = 65

. 83.0000, 001 = 83 , x = 0, 001

0,001
3 . 83.000 ,
83.000,0. 3
83.000,0 83 :
. 63,82110 = 638, 21

x = 10
. 1000,825 = 82, 5

x = 0,825
. 72250, 01 = 72, 25

. 520,1 = 5, 2

x = 7225
x = 0,1

. 6500,1 = 65

x = 650

- -

40.

1. :
. 63, 28 + 2,932

. 1.085,9 283

. 0, 065 + 93,5

. 835 + 9, 28

. 863, 7 99, 632

. 63,5 6,35

2. :

3.

. 8, 20,1

. 6382,5

. 80, 01

. 5,329

. 6, 34100

. 7, 20,1

.
.

6 4 ,5 7
+ 3 2,
,9 6

,3 2 5
+ 2 5 , 35
1 1 4 ,9

. 5 3 , 28
9, 7
5 1 4 ,7

3 78
6
96 8

6 ,3 7
17,
4 5 ,0 9

x
+

93

4. :
. 30, 75 + 50 + 10, 25
. 4, 6 + 3,5 + 1, 4 + 6,5

. 1, 5 + 1, 25 + 3, 75 + 2, 5
. 8,3 + 2,8 + 7, 7 + 1, 2

5. :
. 30 + x = 45

. 10 + x = 12,5

. 180 + x = 360

. x + 15, 3 = 16, 7

6. :
. 40 (13 11) =

. (60 15) + 7 =

. (12 + 13) 5 =

. (5 + 7 ) 3 =

- -

41.

7.

= 13, 5 , = 12 , = 7,5 , = 3
.
. +

8.

. + +

x + y = 2, x + = 5, y + = 3 . :

. x + 1 + y + 3 + x + 7 +

. x + 3 + 2 + y + 9 + 3

. y + 3 + x + y 2

. x + y + 3 + 1 + x

9. :

10. :
. x + x + x + x + x

. 1, 5 + 1, 5 + 1, 5

11. :
. ( 45) 2
. (3 + 5 2 6 )10

. 2 + (53)
. (3 + 1)2

12. :
. 68100

6,8100

0, 68100

. 930,1

9, 30,1

9300, 01

. 520000, 01

52000,1

520000, 001

13.

7325 = 1825 1348 = 624

:
. 0, 7325
. 7, 32, 5

. 7, 30, 025

. 1304,8

. 13480

. 1, 34,8

14. :
. 5(3 2 )

. (5 + 3)2

. (53) + (32 )

. ( 6 + 5 ) 22 + (3 2 )

- -

42.

15. :
. 4, 32, 5100

. 6, 31, 5102

. 63.0000,1100, 01

. 200300, 001

16. 17,2 10 .
.
. , ;

17. 13,7 , 30 ,
14,5 , 20 . ;

- -

43.

1
;

2
10, 100, 1000...;

3
;

1
.
3210 = 320
3, 20,1 = 32
0,3210 = 3, 2
0, 032100 = 0, 32
320,10 = 3, 20

2
200 , 0,20
0,10 .
4 3 .
;

- -

T ;


0, 1, 2, 3, ... :

0 = 0, 1 = , 2 = 2, 3 = 3 , ...

; 6 8;

, ,

.
.
6 :
0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, ...
8 :
0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, ...
6 8 :
0, 24, 48,...

...

; ;
3, 5 6.

46.

: ...
3 :
0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33,...
5 :
0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40,...
6 :
0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42,...
... (3, 5, 6) = 30

;
....


 ,

,
.
.

2 , ,
3

: 0 = 1 ( 0 )
1 =

10;
10
, 1 .
: 10 2 = 100
105 = 100000

; ;
3 ( x + 7 )

- -

47.

( + ) = + + = ( + )
. :

3( x + 7 ) = 3x + 37

;

:

( ) =

= ( )

1.
,
.
2.
( )
( ).
3.
(...) .
4. ( > 1)

....

 = , , > 1 .

5. = 1 , : 1 .
6.
,
. 8(3 + 5) = 83 + 85
.

- -

48.

: 0, 1, 2, 3, ...
6.
. ;
. ( 6);
. 0 6 1 6 6; ()

0, 6, 12, 18, 24, ...

. ,
. ,

. 4.
. 4 6
12;
. 4 6
12; ;

. 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, ...

. 12

. ,

. ;
. ; , ;
. , 0
1.

. ,
. , 0, 0, ...
. 1. 1 1 1 = 1
. () ,
;
. ,
;

- -

49.

. ... (
) .
. .
(8, 12) = ;
8 12
(8, 12). ;

(8, 12) =24

8: 24, 48, 72, ...
12: 24, 48, 72
24: 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, ...
...
5, 6, 10 (5, 6, 10).
5, 6, 10
(5,6,10);

5: 30, 60, 90, ...

6: 30, 60, 90, ...
10: 30, 60, 90, ...
30: 30, 60, 90, ...
... .
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, ...
6, 12,18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66,...
30, 60, 90, 120

2 2 2 2 2 2,
6
2, 26.
26
2 . 2 6 .

. 135 11;
. , 11 135.

. ,

. 121 < 135 < 132

. 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2;
; ;

- -

50.

. : 2 2 2 2 2 2;
; ;

. 6 2 = 12, 6
. 26 = 64, 6
. 5 3; ;
. 35; ;
;
. 53; ;

. 5 3 = 15
. 35 = 3 3 3 3 3, 3, 5 243
. 53 = 5 5 5, 5, 3 125.
2 2 3 2
, 2 3
.
, 2
.
3
.

.
. .
. 110 1010.
.
1
10.

. 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
10
1
...
1 = 1 , 1010 = 10
10 ... 10 = 10.000.000.000
. 1 = 1




10

10

- -

51.

. 1 = 1, , 10 = 100...0,

4105+6104+0103+3102+0102+2100
460302 460302
10.

:
4 105 + 6 104 + 3 102 + 2 ;

4 105 + 6 104 + 3 102 + 2 = 460302

10 3275 408906.

3275 = 3 103+ 2 102 + 7 101 + 5

408906 = 4 105 + 8 103 + 9 102 + 6

: ( 4 + 3) 2 = 4 2 + 3 2

( 4 + 3) 2 = .
4 2 + 3 2 =
.

.
. 25 4 8 9 2 + 5 6 = 60
. 3 15 + 5 5 14 + 5 8 = 20

. 25 4 8 9 + 2 + 5 6 = 4 ( 25 2 9 ) + 2 + 5 6 =
= 4 ( 25 18) + 2 + 30 =
= 4 7 + 2 + 30 = 60
. 3 35 + 5 + 5 8 5 14 = 5 (3 3 + 1 + 8 14 ) =
= 5 (9 + 1 + 8 14 ) =
= 5 (18 14 ) =
= 54 = 20

- -

52.

1. :

2. :

(6, 8);

3. (4, 6, 18).
4. . 6 10.
. (6, 10)

5. 8
, 10 15 .
,
.

- -

53.

6. 7 7 7 7.
.

7.

13 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 13
.

8.

:
. 3 3
. 4 4 4 4 4
. 23 23 23 23 23 23
. 1 1 1
.
.

9.

:
. 23
. 32
2
. 11
. 122

. 43
. 52

. 34
. 53

10.
.
. 36
. 125
. 49
. 169
. 110
. 32
. 10.000
. 200
. 400

. 81
. 128

. 144
. 196

11. .
. 32 ..... 23
. 10 2 ..... 210

. 53 ..... 35
. 14 ..... 17

. 42 ..... 24
. 7 2 ..... 27

12. .
. 22 + 32 ..... ( 2 + 3)2
. 32 ..... 3 + 3

. (7 3)2 .....7 2 32
. 16 32 ..... (16 3)2

. 03 + 43 ..... (0 + 4 )3
. 1 5 ..... 15

13. .
. 32 ..... 3 2
. 7 2 ..... 7 2

. 2 2 ..... 2 2
. 72 2 + 69 2 ..... 27 2 + 962

. 52 ..... 5 2
. 13 + 53 + 33 ..... 153

14.
:
. 532

15.

. 6329

. 50314

. 7 935 028

- -

54.

. 3 102 + 4 10 + 2
. 6 104 + 0 103 + 2 102 + 5 10 + 1
7
6
5
. 8 10 + 0 10 + 0 10 + 2 104 + 3 103 + 7 102 + 0 10 + 3

16.

,
.
. 8 16 = 23 24 = ( 2 2 2 ) ( 2 2 2 2 ) = 27
. 9 81

. 27 27

. 3

. 25 125

. x 4 x 2 x

17.
, , B = (53 ) , = ( 24 ) , = (7 2 ) , 2

. = (32 ) = 32 32 32 = (33) (33) (33) = 333333 = 36

3

18. :
. 9
. +

19.

. 8 5
. + +

. x x x 6 x x

= 4, ,
= 3 2 + (3 ) 9 .
2

20.

= 3 = 4, , : = 2 + 2 + 2 .

21.

: 352 84 = 29568 . 29568,

3;

22. :
. 4 (8 + 2 )

. (3 + 9 ) 12

. ( 20 6 ) 7

. 3 (5 + 6 + 7 )

. 5 (12 4 )

23. :
. 7 6 + 13 6
. 4 6 + 4 7 + 4 8

. 8 9 + 8 7
. 9 7 + 9 11 + 9

. 12 16 + 12

24. :
. 12 12 12 5

. 14 8 5 8

. 16 15 15

- -

25.

55.

( 2 + 7 ) (6 + 5)

26. . ,
.
. .

- -

56.

1
;
;
*;

2
. 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2;
; ;
. : 2 2 2 2 2 2; ; ;

1

.
. 36
. 125
. 48
. 81
. 144
. 169
. 110
. 32
. 128
. 196
. 10.000
. 200
. 400

2
:
. 3 42 + 2 ( 4 5 24 + 3)
. 2 4 ( 4 2 36 : 6 ) (3 4 11) + 2 32
5

. 3 23 + 3 ( 62 1 1 8 )
. 3 23 ( 43 : 2 31) 1
9

3
+ = 3, , : = 5 ( 2 + ) + 2 + 3 32

- -

T ;
;

.
,
, :
: = =

: =
.
, .
:

: =1
1 =
:1 =
0 : = 0, 0 = 0

;
24.

.
24 :
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24

58.

;
.

1.
.
2, 5, 7, 11, 13 , 4, 6, 12 .

;
. .

(...)

; ;
8 36.
.
: ...
8 :
1, 2, 4, 8
36 :
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36
... (8,36 ) = 4

... 1 .

2, 3,
5 9;
2, -

- - -
- - -

59.

0, 2, 4, 6 8.
3
3.
5
0 5.
9
9.

. , 3
9, 12, 15 , .
, .
, 12 3 .
, .
4 8. 16, 24, 32 .
8.
.
2 4 8 4 + 8 = 12 8 4 = 4 .

; :
. 30
. 100

.

- - -
- - -

60.

;

, ()
() , ( ) ()
:
= + <
.
= 0 , =
.
0 , .

;

,
10 ,
, .

;
,
( ).

;
, , -

- - -
- - -

61.

, ,

10, 100, 1000 ;

10 100 1000
...,
... .

.
.

1.
.
:
: =

=
2. , .
3.
.
4. 3 9
3 9 .
5. 2 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
5 0 5.
6. :
= +
.

- - -
- - -

62.

.
. 91 : 7
. 120 : 5
. 136 : 17
. 3588 : 23
. 58117 : 89
. 34200 : 456

. 91
21

13
x 7

13

0
. 136
0

91

17

. 120
20
0
. 3588
128
138
0

17
x 8
136

24

24
x 5
120

23

156

156
x 23
468
312
3588

. 58117
471
267
0

89
653

653
x 89
5877
5224

. 34200
2280
0

456

75

2280
3192

58117
:
. 4x = 92
. 11x = 165
. x : 3 = 11
. 23x = 115

. 4x = 92
x = 92 : 4

x = 23

456
x 75

34200

. 27 : x = 9
. 192 : x = 32

. 11x = 165
x = 165 :11
x = 15

. 27 : x = 9

9x = 27
x = 27 : 9
x=3

- - -
- - -

63.

. x : 3 = 11
x = 311

x = 33

. 23x = 115
x = 115 : 23

x =5

. 192 : x = 32

32x = 192
x = 192 : 32
x=6

:
. , 7 14.
. 231 .
. 5 320 .

. : 14 : 7 = 2
. 231: 3 = 77 .
. 320 : 5 = 64 5 .
15 23
3790 . 80 ,
.

2380 = 1840 , 15
3790 1840 = 1950 . : 1950 :15 = 130 .
18. 6
30. ;

6 30 18 = 12
12 : 6 = 2 .
8, 24 56
... .

8 : 1, 2, 4, 8
24 : 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
56 : 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 28, 56
8, 24 56 : 1, 2, 4, 8
... (8, 24, 56) = 8
... 36. .

- - -
- - -

64.

36 , 36,
. 1, 2, 3, 4,
6, 9, 12, 18, 36 .
3432, 4581, 864, 156, 62775, 730
.
. 2
. 5
. 3
. 9

. 3432, 864, 156, 730 2, 2, 4,

6 0.
. 62775, 730 5, 5 0.
. 3432, 4581, 864, 156 3,
3.
. 4581, 864, 62775 9,
9.
.
. i. 52....3
ii. 2....61 3.
. 6....4.... 2 9.

. 52....3, 2....61 3
3 :
i. 5223,
5253, 5283
ii. 2061,
2361, 2661, 2961
. 6....4.... 2 9
0, 2, 4, 6, 8
9, :
6840, 6642, 6444, 6246, 6048, 6948
.
. 132
. 500
. 140

. 132 2
66 2

33 3
11 11
1

132 = 22 311

. 500 2
250 2
125 5
25 5
5 5
1

500 = 22 53

. 140 2
70 2

140 = 22 57

35 5
7 7
1

- - -
- - -

65.

... ... 60 150.

... ,

.
...

. :

100 2
50 2
25 5

60 2
30 2
15 3
5 5
1

60 = 22 35

55
1

100 = 22 52

... (60,100 ) = 22 352 = 300

... (60,100 ) = 22 5 = 20
.
. 315 : 25 . 5124 : 15
. 134 : 8

. 134 8
54 16
6

16
x 8
128
+ 6
134

. 315 25
65 12
15

25
x 12
50
+ 25
300
+ 15
315

. 5124 15
62 341
24
9

341
x 15
1705
341
5115
+
9
5124

- - -
- - -

66.

. : 5 .
. , , 5, 7.

.
: 5 : 0 1 2 3 4
. : = 57 + < 5

.
. 0, 805 : 35
. 8, 25 : 2

=0
=1

= 57 = 35
= 57 + 1 = 36

=2
=3
=4

= 57 + 2 = 37
= 57 + 3 = 38
= 57 + 4 = 39

. 51, 84 : 9, 6

. 8, 25 3
22 2, 75
15
0

. 0,805 35
105 0, 023
0

: . i. (64 + 32 ) : 4

. 0, 6 : 0,12

ii. (64 : 4 ) + ( 32 : 4 ) . ;

. N . i. (73, 8 + 44, 4 ) : 6

ii. (7, 56 + 9, 72 ) : 1, 2

. i. (64 + 32 ) : 4 = 96 : 4 = 24

ii. (64 : 4 ) + (32 : 4 ) = 16 + 8 = 24

(64 + 32 ) : 4 = (64 : 4 ) + (32 : 4 ) = 24

. i. (73,8 + 44, 4 ) : 6 = 118, 2 : 6 = 19, 7

(73,8 + 44, 4 ) : 6 = 73,8 : 6 + 44, 4 : 6 = 12,3 + 7, 4 = 19, 7

ii. (7,56 + 9, 72 ) :1, 2 = 17, 28 :1, 2 = 14, 4
- - -
- - -

67.

(7,56 + 9, 72 ) :1, 2 = 7,56 :1, 2 + 9, 72 :1, 2 = 6,3 + 8,1 = 14, 4

O 8 10,56. ;

8 10,56 10, 56 : 8 = 1, 32 .
. 2,5 12, 1250
5,75. .

1 1 12 : 2, 5 = 4,8
2 1 5, 75 :1, 250 = 4, 6
2 .
.
. 62, 8 : 13
. 185, 6 : 33, 6
. 564 : 23
i. .
ii. .
iii. .

. 564

23

104
24,5217...
120
50
40
170
9

. 62,8

108
40
100
9

13
4,8307...

i. 564 : 23 = 24,5 .
ii. 564 : 23 = 24, 52 .
iii. 564 : 23 = 24, 521 .

i. 62,8 :13 = 4,8

ii. 62,8 :13 = 4,83
iii. 62,8 :13 = 4,830 .

- - -
- - -

68.

.
i. 185, 6 : 33, 6 = 5,5 .
ii. 185, 6 : 33, 6 = 5,52 .
iii. 185, 6 : 33, 6 = 5, 523 .

1. .
. 80 : 5
. 7125 :15

. 215 : 5
. 16235 : 34

. 405 : 45
. 88576 : 346

2. :
. 5x = 70
. x : 6 = 13

. 15x = 120
. 56x = 168

. 64 : x = 4
. 1088 : x = 64

3. :
. 513 = 65
. 124 = 48

. 716 = 112
. 2731 = 837

. 126 = 72
. 3645 = 1620

4. .
. 2004 : 2004

. 0 :1324

. 5398 :1

. 1932 : 0

5. :
. 1040 , 130 .
. 72
. , 2 6.
. 60 17 .

- - -
- - -

69.

6. 18000 .
24000 20 . ;

7. 42. 4
70. ;

8. 3 5 765 , 6 14
2010 .
.

9. 16, 20, 60 ...

.

10. 20.
.

11. : 3, 5, 9, 11, 12, 15. :

. .
. .

12. 33 , 48 , 63 .
.
, ;

13. 4816, 805, 3600, 28575, 933 .

. 2

. 5

. 3

. 9

14.
. i 6 _ 53

ii. 9 _1 3

. 8 _ 3 _ 5 9.

15. :
. 9 . 18 + 21 . 15 3
, 3.

16.
- - -
- - -

70.

. 126

. 300

. 256

. 620

17. ... ... 36 124.

18. .
. 314 : 5

. 278 : 23

. 12449 : 23

. 43396 : 452

19.
. : 8
. , , 8, 5.

20. :
. 30, 03 : 7

. 0, 406 : 29 . 18, 72 : 5, 2

. 3,864 : 0,56

21. :
. 925 :100

. 31, 4 :1000

. 0, 04 :10

. 658,124 :10000

22. :
. 47,16 : x = 5, 24

. 3, 2x = 30, 72

. 1, 2x = 73,8

. 69,16 : x = 7, 6

23. 6,88 1,72;

24. 5 6,7. 12 ;
25. 34 266,56.
36,72.

26. :
. 22, 4 :10 + 32, 7 :100 + 1682 :1000

. ( 625 :1000 )10

- - -
- - -

71.

1
;
;

2
;

3
2, 3, 5 9;

1
... 18, 48 64.

2
.
. i. 12....9
ii. 8....73 9
. 3....4.... 2 3.

3
6 .

4

. 698 : 34
. 94, 68 : 21
. 895, 23 : 52, 7
i. .
ii. .
iii. .

- - -
- - -

; ;

,
.
,
,
.

; :

42 + ( 30 : 2 - 322 ) + (62 : 9 )2 - (15 + 3 ) : 3

2

:
1. .
2.
.
3. .
:


.
42 + (30 : 2 - 322 ) + (62 : 9 )2 - (15 + 3) : 3
2

( )
= 4 2 + (30 : 2 34 ) + (36 : 9 )2 (15 + 3 ) : 3 =
2

(
)

74.

= 4 2 + (15 12 ) + 42 (15 + 3) : 3 =
( )
2

= 42 + 32 + 42 18 : 3 =
( )
= 16 + 9 + 42 18 : 3 =
( , )
= 16 + 9 + 8 6 =
( , )
25 + 8 6 = 33 6 = 27

;
3000000, 27000, 80900000,
740300000.

( ) 1
10, 10. :

3000000 = 3106
27000 = 2, 7104
80900000 = 8, 09107
740300000 = 7, 403108
1.
.
2.
.
3.
:
.
. ,
. , .

.
4. : 10
1 10.

- .

:
. 184 - 315 + 913
. 78 : 3 + 342 - 36 : 3
. 12, 35 - 1, 52 : 4 + 31,19

. 184 315 + 913 =

( )
= 72 45 + 117 =
( )
= 27 + 117 = 144
. 78 : 3 + 342 36 : 3 =
( )
= 26 + 68 12 =
( )
= 94 12 = 82
. 12, 35 1, 52 : 4 + 31,19 = 61, 5 0, 38 + 3, 57 = 61,12 + 3, 57 = 64, 69
:
2
2
i. = 16 : 2 + 3 4 - 6 : 9
ii. = 39, 36 : 3, 2 + (5, 42 - 3, 22 ) : 4

i. = 16 : 2 + 32 4 62 : 9 =
( )
= 16 : 2 + 94 36 : 9 =
( , )
= 8 + 36 4 =
( )
= 44 4 = 40
2
2
ii. = 39,36 : 3, 2 + (5, 4 3, 2 ) : 4 =

( )

= 39,36 : 3, 2 + ( 29,16 10, 24 ) : 4 =

( )

- .

75.

76.
= 39, 36 : 3, 2 + 18, 92 : 4 =
( )
= 12,3 + 4, 73 = 17, 03

:
. 8 2 + (8 ) = 2,1

. (6 ) - 6 2 = 0, 3

. 8 2 + (8 ) = 82,12 + (82,1) = 82,12 + 16,82 = 84, 41 + 282, 24 =

2

= 35, 28 + 282, 24 = 317,52

. (6 ) 6 2 = (60,3) 60,32 = 1,82 60,32 = 3, 24 60, 09 = 3, 24 0,54 = 2, 7
2

= 17, = 9, = 2 = 3 :
. ( : ) - ( - )

. ( - ) : - ( ) : + ( - ) :
2

. ( : ) ( ) = (9 : 3) (92 17 ) 3 = 32 (18 17 ) 3 = 9 12 3 =
2

= 9 13 = 9 3 = 6

. ( ) : ( ) : + ( ) : = (17 2 ) : 3 ( 23) : 9 + (17 9 ) : 2 =

2

= 15 : 3 62 : 9 + 82 : 2 = 15 : 3 36 : 9 + 64 : 2 = 5 4 + 32 = 1 + 32 = 33

= 15 : 5 + 32 - 7 , = (7 - 5 ) + 35 - 32 , = (12 : 3 ) - 52 = 52 - ( 210 + 3 )
3

:
= ( + ) : 2 + ( : ) ( 2 )

, , ,
= 15 : 5 + (32 7 ) = +3 + (9 7 ) = 3 + 2 = 5
= (7 5 ) + 35 32 = 23 + 35 32 = 8 + 15 9 = 23 9 = 14
3

= (12 : 3) 52 = 42 10 = 16 10 = 6
2

= 52 ( 210 + 3) = 25 ( 20 + 3) = 25 23 = 2
, , , :
= ( + ) : 2 + ( : ) ( 2 ) = (14 + 6 ) : 22 + (14 : 2 )6 (52 14 )2 =

20 : 22 + 76 ( 25 14 )2 = 20 : 22 + 76 112 = 20 : 4 + 76 112 =
5 + 42 22 = 47 22 = 25
- .

y - 2,1 = 0, 3,
x + 3, 7 = 4, 2,
.

77.
0, 4 = 0,12

= ( x 2 + y ) : 0, 5 + (t 2 + x ) : 4 - 2

4, 8 : t = 3, 2 = ( y : - x8 ) - (t : x )2
2

x, y, , t. :
x + 3, 7 = 4, 2
x = 4, 2 3, 7
x = 0,5

y 2,1 = 0,3
y = 0,3 + 2,1

4,8 : t = 3, 2

0, 4 = 0,12
= 0,12 : 0, 4
= 0,3

y = 2, 4

3, 2t = 4,8
t = 4,8 : 3, 2
t = 1,5

= ( x 2 + y ) : 0,5 + ( t 2 + x ) : 4 - 2

(0,5

+ 2, 4 ) : 0,5 + (1,52 + 0,5 ) : 4 0,32 =

B = ( y : x8 ) ( t : x )2 =
2

= ( 2, 4 : 0,3 0,58 ) (1,5 : 0,5 ) 2 =

2

(0, 25 + 2, 4 ) : 0,5 + ( 2, 25 + 0,5) : 4 0,32 =

= (8 4 ) 32 =

2, 65 : 0,5 + 2, 75 : 4 0, 09 =

= 42 6 =
16 6 = 10

5,3 + 0, 6875 0, 09 =
5,9875 0, 09 = 5,8975

- = 3, 2 + = 1, 4 .
= 23 + 5 2 - (4 2 - 10 ) + (15 : 3 ) - 45

= 23 + 52 - ( 42 -10 ) + (15 : 3) - 45 = 23 + 52 (16 10 ) + 5 45 =

= 6 + 25 6 + 5 20 = 6 6 + 25 20 + 5 = 6 ( ) + ( 25 20 ) + 5 =
= 6 ( ) + 5 + 5 = 6 ( ) + 5 ( + ) = 63, 2 + 51, 4 = 19, 2 + 7 = 26, 2
:
. 45000000
. 9830000
. 27600000000
. 827300000
. 524000
. 3000000

. 35900000
. 13200000

. 45000000 = 4,5107

. 9830000 = 9,83106

. 27600000000 = 2, 761010

. 35900000 = 3,59107

. 827300000 = 8, 273108

. 524000 = 5, 24105

. 3000000 = 3106

. 13200000 = 1,32107

- .

78.

:
. 2, 03106

. 8, 64107

. 5,1108

. 4, 721109

. 2, 03106 = 2030000

. 8, 64107 = 86400000

. 4, 721109 = 4721000000

. 5,1108 = 510000000

.
. 3, 4106 + 5, 2106

. 6104 + 1, 4105

. 300105

. 520106

. 3, 4106 + 5, 2106 = 106 (3, 4 + 5, 2 ) = 8, 6106

. 6104 + 1, 4105 = 60000 + 140000 = 200000 = 2105
. 300105 = 300100000 = 30000000 = 3107
. 520106 = 5201000000 = 520000000 = 5, 2108

1. :
= 127 + 98 315

= 35 : 5 + 125 90 :15

= 189 173 + 224 : 56

2. :
. (14,32 5, 7 ) : ( 0, 75 + 0, 05)

. ( 73, 2 : 3)4 (19, 08 :1,8 )3

. (9,35 27, 4 ) + ( 0,56 : 8 + 1, 03)

. 927 (1, 2 : 8 ) (12,88 : 5, 6 ) + 3(7, 22 5, 04 )

3. :
= 18 : 32 + 43 + 3( 4 + 2 2 ) + 25 :16 27 : 32

- .

79.

= ( 29 43) + (6 + 4 2 ) 3 (7 23)
2

= (32 23 )

2004

20

+ ( 43 + 62 3) 63 4 (52 64 ) + 11

4. :
. 0,8 + ( 6, 2 2 4,3) + 5, 23 5, 62 : 2

. (3 2,8 ) + 53 1, 22 5
2

. 4,3 + (6,92 4,3) + 7,12 2,1

. 5 4, 2 + 6,142 + 82 5, 223 + 6,12

5. :
. 9x 2 + (9x ) x = 0, 7
2

. (15t ) 15t 2 t = 1, 5
2

. 2y 2 + 5y + 4 y = 0, 02

6.

= 5, = 2, = 4 = 9 :

= ( ) + ( ) : ( 2 )
2

7.

x = 2,1, y = 4, = 3, 2 t = 1, 6 .

A = ( y x ) + ( : t ) ( ty ) :
2

8.

= ( 2 2 ) : + ( ) ( )

B = ( x + ) y t 2 y 2 + y3
2

x + 26 = 31, 17y = 51, 15 = 11 t : 2 = 3

.
A = ( t : y ) + 2x 2 (8x ) : t 2 : y
6

B = ( 2 ) y3 (3t : 2 ) + ( x + 2 )
2

= 7 + t 2 : 9 (15y + ) + x 2
+ 12,5 = 13,9, 22, 4 = 19,3, 14,8 = 37 1, 2 : = 6
:

9.

= 3 2 (5 4 ) + (8 : 2 )4
2

= ( ) + 8 4,8 : + 7
2

= ( + ) (5 4 ) + 9
5

10. :

- .

80.

. 821000000
. 14100000

. 5320000
. 6020000

. 7140000000
. 28000000

11. :
. 3, 2106

. 1, 04108

. 5,32108

. 2,5381011

. 8, 72105

. 6104

12. :
7, 4106 , 2103 , 2, 4106 , 3109 , 6, 2107

- .

81.

1
;

2
;
;

= 7 + 532 = 1232 = 129 = 108

1
:

= (62 29 ) + (108 :12 ) 43 2

2

= (34 43 )4 + 52 22 (90 : 32 )

2
:
. 31200000
. 1110000000
. 456000
. 87130000

- .

7: --

-
-
-
-
-
-
8: -
-
-

-
9: -
-
-
10: -
-
-

.
; ;
()
.

.

( ) = 1 .
, , , ......
. 1, 2,
3, 4, ... , , , ... .
o .


.

;
;
;
;

.
.. (3,5 ) , ( 2,8 )
Ox,
Oy, .
(, )
.

86.

. (, ) .
(0, 0 ) .

;

( ). .
.

;
;
;
;
(m).
:
( dam ) :1dam = 10m
( hm ) :1hm = 100m
( km ) :1km = 1000m
:
( dm ) :1dm = 0,1m
(cm ) :1cm = 0, 01m
( mm ) :1mm = 0, 001m
:
(yrd), (ft), (in),
.
:

- - -
- - - .

87.

1yrd = 3ft = 36in

1ft = 12in

1yrd = 0,9144m

1ft = 0,3048m
1in = 0, 0254m
1 = 1609m
1 = 1852m.

. ,
, . .

;

;


.
.

1.
.
2. Ox, y
O (0, 0 ) .
3. (1m).
4.
.

- - -
- - - .

88.

:
. 3
. 5
. 2,5
. 3,8

A (3, 0 )

B (5, 0 )

( 2,5, 0 )

(3,8, 0 )

2, 3, 8.

: ( 2,3) , (3, 2 ) , ( 2,8 ) , (8, 2 ) , (3,8) , (8,3)

: ( 2, 3 ) , (1, 0 )

( 3, 5 ) , ( 2.5,1.5 )

3.

3 xx

- - -
- - - .

89.

yy 3.

, 2,6
. ,
.

12 9.
. 6,5Km m . 12500m Km.

. 6,5m = (6,51000 ) m = 6500m

. 12500m = (12500 :1000 ) Km = 12,5Km
dm cm :
. 960mm
. 6,4m
. 0,5Km
. 0,9m

. 960mm = 960 :100 = 9, 6dm

960mm = 960 :10 = 96cm

. 6, 4m = 6, 410 = 64dm

6, 4m = 6, 4100 = 640cm

. 0,5Km = 0,51000 = 500m = 50010 = 5000dm

0,5Km = 500m = 500100 = 50000cm

m :
. 3dm 5cm
. 2m, 8cm 9mm

. 3dm 5cm =

. 0,9m = 0,910 = 9dm

0,9m = 0,9100 = 90cm

. 12m 3dm 4mm

3
5
m
= 0,35m
10
100

. 2m 8cm 9mm = 2m

8
9

= 2, 089m
100
1000

- - -
- - - .

90.

. 12m 3dm 4mm = 12m

3
4
m
= 12,304m
10
1000

= 305m, = 100m,
= 500m, = 180m.
m Km.

:
= + + + = 305 + 100 + 500 + 180 = 1085m = 1, 085Km
.

7,5dm = 7,5100 = 750mm

10cm = 1010 = 100mm

:
AB + B + + = 750 + 400 + 100 + 200 = 1450mm
= 5,5cm, = 3in = 0,5ft.

:
= + + = 5, 5cm + 32,54cm + 0,530, 48cm
= 5, 5 + 7, 62 + 15, 24 = 28, 36cm

.
. 120dm
. 9m
. 15000mm
. 0,01m

120
= 12m
10
15000
15000mm =
= 15m
1000
0, 01Km = 0, 011000 = 10cm

: 120dm =

: 15000mm > 120dm > 0, 01Km > 9m

2,34
2,93 yrd.
;

- - -
- - - .

91.

2,93
= 3, 20 .
0,9144

1. () 50 ().
(5)

2. , , ,
1, 3, 5, 12 .
, , .

3. 6
4. 1,25 2,38.
5. dm cm :
. 360mm

. 2,5m

. 0,4m

. 0,1m

6. N :
. 165cm m

. 2550mm cm

. 350mm m

7. N cm :
. 2dm 5cm

. 2m 3cm 5mm

. 38m 3dm 6mm

8. = 105,8m, = 30m, =
15,8m = 20m. m, Km, dm, cm, mm.

- - -
- - - .

92.

9.

O AB = 3, 5m , B = 45dm , = 260cm ,
A = 56dm . m, dm, cm.

10. N 2850mm 2,85m.

11. .
. 1,2m

. 102dm

. 10300mm

. 1035cm . 0,015Km

12. N :
A

2,5d

2,5dm

0m

20

14

cm

1,5dm

45

mm

5dm

13. :
. 3,28m

14.

. 0,09m

. 0,014m

. 15,308mm

40yrd 200. .

15. .
130yrd, 100yrd 6in 80yrd 3ft.
8yrd .

- - -
- - - .

93.

1
, ,
.

2
;
;

3
.
(0, 0 ) ;

1
100m, 150dm.
4 . ;

2
.

- - -
- - - .

;
;

(1),
(1)
(2) .

(1).
.

.
(m2)
.

(m2) 1 m.
:
2
2
- (dm ) :1dm =

1
m2
100

- (cm 2 ) :1cm 2 =

1
m2
10000

- ( mm 2 ) :1mm 2 =

1
m2
1000000

:
- (dam 2 ) :1dam 2 = 100m 2
2
2
- ( hm ) :1hm = 10000m

96.

2
2
2
- ( Km ) = 1Km = 1000000m

: 1 = 1000m2.

;
:

;
;
,
.
.

1. 1m2.
2. To m2
:

- -
- .

97.

3. E = ,
.
4. = 2 .

m2 :

= 1, 5dm 2

= 12255mm 2

= 0, 01dm 2

= 135000cm 2

: = 1,5 :100 = 0, 015m 2

= 12255 :1000000 = 0, 012255m 2

= 0, 01:100 = 0, 0001m 2
= 135000 :10000 = 13,5m 2
dm2 :

- -
- .

98.

= 3, 5m 2

= 45500cm 2

= 0,12Km 2

= 1550000mm 2

: = 3,5m 2 = 3,51000000 = 3500000m 2 = 3500000100 = 350000000dm 2

= 45500 :100 = 455dm 2

= 0,12Km 2 = 0,121000000 = 120000m 2 = 12000000dm 2
= 1550000mm 2 = 1550000 :10000 = 155dm 2
.
. 40000m2
. 156500m2
. 1240m2

= 40000 :1000 = 40 .

= 156500 :1000 = 156,5 .

= 1240 :1000 = 1, 24 .
.

8m 2dm.

2dm = 2 :10 = 0, 2m . E = = 80, 2 = 1, 6m 2 .

400m2.

- -
- .

99.

E = 2

= 400cm2 2 = 400cm2 = 20cm .

27m2
30cm. .

: E = 2 = (30cm ) = 900cm 2 = 0, 09m 2

2

: 27 : 0, 09 = 300 .
0,25m
15cm.

15cm = 0,15m , :
20, 25 + 20,15 = 0, 5 + 70,3 = 0,8m

: E = = 0, 250,15 = 0,37m 2 .
35dm
240cm. 1m2 5 .

35dm = 3,5m 240cm = 2, 4m E = = 3,524 = 8, 4m 2 .

8, 45 = 42
14,4m 300 60000. .

600 : 300 = 200m2 . x

: 14, 4x = 200 x = 200 :14, 4
13,8m .
.

- -
- .

100.

: = 4221 = 882m 2 .
= 1212 = 144m 2 .
= 882 144 = 738m 2 .

1. 18,5dm2

m 2 , cm 2 , mm 2 .

2. cm2 :
. 3,4m2

. 2,5dm2

. 15625mm2

. 0,6m2

. 0,02dm2

3. m2 :
. 2Km2 . 570dm2

. 85000cm2 . 2800000mm2

4. .

5. 6dm 16dm.
6. H 45m2 30cm.
.

- -
- .

101.

7. 3600m2. A
7200cm .
7,2m 1,5m.
.

8. 60m 1000
12000. .

9.
96m. .

10. 30m 12m. ;

- -
- .

102.

1

;

2
m2; ;

1
180m
10m. .

2
.

- -
- .

;
;

(1) (1)
(2)
.
(1).


.

;
m3 ;

(m3), 1m.
:
(dm3 ) :1dm3 = 0, 001m3
(cm 3 ) :1cm 3 = 0, 000001m 3
( mm 3 ) :1mm 3 = 0, 00000001m 3

(
) :1
= 1dm3

( m
)1m
= 1cm3 .

104.

; ;
,
.

V = , , .

. : V = 3

1.
.
2. 1m3.
3. (1
) .
1
= 1000cm3 = 1000ml = 1dm3
4. m 3
, :

- -

105.

5. V = 3
6. , , V =

dm 3 :
. 3m 3

. 25cm 3

. 5,256m3

. 3m3 = 31000 = 3000dm3

. 25cm3 = 25 :1000 = 0, 025dm3
. 5, 256m3 = 5, 2561000 = 5256dm 3
cm 3 :
. 0, 08dm 3

. 30mm3

. 0, 645m 3

- -

106.

. 0, 08dm3 = 0, 081000 = 80cm3

. 30mm3 = 30 :1000 = 0, 03cm3
. 0, 645m3 = 0, 6451000000 = 645000cm3
:
3
. 6m

. 25dm3

. 525ml

. 25dm3 = 25

. 6m3 = 61000 = 6000

. 525m
= 525 :1000 = 0, 525

mm 3 :
. 0,12m 3

. 3, 465cm 3

. 5, 75dm 3

. 0,12m3 = 0,125109 = 125000000mm3

. 5, 75dm3 = 5, 751000000 = 5750000mm3
. 3, 46cm3 = 3, 4651000 = 3465mm3
m 3 :
. 5200000cm 3

. 55850124mm 3

5200000
= 5, 2m 3
1000000

55850124
= 0,55850124m 3
1000000000

2,5m, 15dm,
1150mm.

15dm =

15
1150
= 1,5m 1150mm =
= 1,15m .
10
1000

V = = 2, 51,51,15 = 4,312m 3
3,2m :
. m 3

. dm 3

. cm 3

- -

107.

V = 2 = 3, 23 = 32,8m3 = 32,81000 = 32800dm3 = 328001000 = 32800000cm3

0, 216m 3 . .

3
3
3
= 0, 216 = 0, 6 = 0, 6m
V = 0, 216m

V = 3

60cm, 15cm, 10cm,

3
13, 5m .

V = 601510 = 9000cm3
9000 :1000000m3 = 0, 009m3
13,5: 0,009 = 1500 .
4, 5m, 20dm, 150cm .
20,15
.

4,5m = 4,510 = 45dm
150cm = 150 :10 = 15dm
V = 451520 = 13500dm3 .
1 20,15
, 60 :
6020,15
= 1209

: 13500 :1209 = 11 .

- -

108.

1.

dm3 :

. 0,3m3

. 10500cm3

. 7000000mm3

2. cm3 :
. 0,32dm3

. 128mm3

. 0,18m3

3. mm3 :
. 2m3

. 0,12dm3

. 25cm3

4. m3 :
. 35450000mm3

. 5400000cm3

5. :
. 10m3

. 530m3

6. :

7. 81cm2 . .
8. 1331cm3 . .

- -

109.

9. 45m cm3
.
10.

N , 3m,
25dm, 200cm.

11. 30dm
6m. 1980m3 .

12. 4m, 30dm 150cm.

.
. 1800
;

13. cm2 2160
.

14. 10ft. .

- -

110.

1
, ;

2
;

3
;

1

5,5mm. 30m 40m
;

2
8 3cm.
.

- -