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48

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6
Internet Edition: www.snehasamvadam.com
Email: editor@snehasamvadam.com
For Online Booking: www.islamicbookshelf.com

Printed Published and owned by M.Mohammed Akbar. Printed at Screen Offset printers,
Cochin-18. Published at Cochin-18. Editor M.Mohammed Akbar, Niche of Truth,
PB No:1981, Vyttila, Cochin-19, Tel: 0484 2301275, Fax: 0484 2301175

2013 s^{_phcn

hm-b-\-m-cp-sSkw-hm-Zw-

kvt\lne[njvTnXamIs aXkwhmZ
Ckvemw FXv tIhew \maam-{Xam-hpIbpw IzpB shdpw GSpIfn
HXppIbpw Bcm[m\meb Aw_-cNpw_nIfmb FSppIfmbn amdp-Ibpw sNp Imes Ipdnv {]hmNI-s {]hN\apv; Av Ahcnse
]nX `qanp apIfn BIm-i
- n\v Xmsg Ghpw \nIrjvScpw Ipg-mcpambncnpsapw ^nXv\I Ahcn
\npw D`hnv Ahcntev Xs aSn-sbpsapw {]hN\w XpScpp-apv. Ay\mfns ASbmffmbn {]hNn Cu hN\fpsS ]pebmtWm
IpsImncnpsX `bw tXm-p-XmWv kao]Ime apkvenw temI-ns Ah.
BcnIamb ssZhnI-t_m[-neqsS krjvSnstS BobXv ]Icw `uXnIXm]cy-ne[njvSnX-am-b
{]Zi\mIamb ImnqepIfmbn
Xcw XmWncnpIbmWv Cv aXhpw aXmNmcfpsamw.
\_nbpsS kz`mh, PohnXcoXn-Isf Ipdnv {]nb]Xv\n Bbni tbmSv
tNmZnstm AhnSps kz`m-hw
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bIme ]nIfn \nv {]kcnncp

Bob{]`bpw `nbpw AXn \nv
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C\n ]nXcpsS Imcyw t\mmw
Izp-B\nI PohnXw sImv kzbw kmyw \ntt AhcpsS Cs
Ah FmWv. KpWImwtbmsS,
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sImpw HuPeyapnbXmbncpp A-s {]t_m[IcpsS {]`mjW ssien.
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XtcWta F {]mY\tbmsSbmsX
Xm-s\mcnepw BtcmSpw kwhmZw \Snbntbn'' F Camw im^n bpsS
hmpw {]XntbmKnbpsS Hcp \mp-]ngt]mepw npIfmn BtLmjnp
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KpWw sNnspw ASn apdnIfn
sht Xhnjbfn Nbm-Imhq Fn am{Xta lJv shfnhmIq.''

2013 s^{_phcn

F Camw Kmen bpsS ImgvNmSpw

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aebmfnendp Imsmmbncw aX{]knoIcWfpsS Imcyhpw CXn \npw hn`na. ]c-kv]-cw Ipw Ism\pw sNfnsb-dn-bm\p-amWv HpanXpw t]Ppw ajnbpw sNehnSpXv. CXn \np Xopw hyXykvXambn t]cpt]mses kvt\l-neqn sImv ]ckv]c_-lp-am\-tmsS KpWImwm\n`camb ssienbneqsSbp kvt\lkwhmZw am-knIbpsS {]t_m[\coXnbmWv F-s amknIbpambn ASpnXpw hcn-m-c\
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Fv BmYambn {]m-Y
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F sXmb [mcW Dbp Nnnp BfpIfn hsc ]Sp ]nSn-n-pv. CXn\v hfwshp Xc-nemWv
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ImcW tXSnsmdp D-]-cn-h
hmb\I sNsmdv. Cu hoWw
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hKobX kaqln \nv ]msS \njvIm-k\w sNm IgnbpIbpq Fv
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{]-hm-N-I-am-scmw {]-t_m[-\w
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D-d-m t\-cw sNmm ]Tn-n-

2013 s^{_phcn

{]m-Y-\-bn "\_n' F--Xn-\v ]I-cw

k-am-\m-ib
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A-h ]-d-p: ""]-e -epw msk-Sp-m\pw {]-kw-Kn-m\p-sam-s
t]m-Ip-Xt? A-tm Fs Cu
t^mtm Im-Wn-Ww. F-n-v ]-db-Ww
F-m-Wv _-em-w-K-sa-pw ssewKn-I
I-h
- S- s
- a-pw.''
X-s cq]-s CXp-t]m-se A-h
I-m-Sn-bn I-n-p-mhptam F-v
A-dn-bn. ]-t Im-aw kv-J-en-p-Xom s]-i-co-c-s-t-Sn N-bnse-p s]mXp-t_m-[-a-\-v 19ma-s
h-b-n Fv.sF.hn t]m-kn-o-hm-bn
a-cn-p-t]m-b Cu s]-Ip-nsb
Hm-Ww. ]p-cpj-s A-[n-Im-chpw
Im-ahpw Im-Wn-m th-n C-c-bm-s-Sp tIm-Sn--W-n-\v s]-Ip-nIpw C-tX X-d-bv-p t\m--am-Wv.(2)
temI-s G--hp-a-[n-Iw _-em-wK- \-S-p-Xv ssew-Kn-I-X-sb D-Zmc-h-Xv--cn-p-hm ]-c-amh-[n ]-cn-{i-anp-, ap-X-em-fn--n-s D-cpp-tImbm-b A-ta-cn-b
- n-em-sW- h-kvXp-X
sk-Ivk
- n-s P-\m-[n-]X
- y-hX
- v
- c
- W
-
- n\p-th-n hm-Zn-p-h
- c
- p-sS-sbmw
I-p Xp-d-n-t--XmWv. A-ta-cn--

B-dp-t] am-dn-am-dn D-]tbm-Kn-v a-c-W-n-\v Iog-S-t-n-h- s]--Ipn--s- b-n hm-Nm-e-cm-Ip-h, Np-h- sX-cp-hpI-fn \n-ch-[n t]-cp-sS
]o-U-\--n-c-bm-hpIbpw F-bv-Uvkpw
sKm-tW-dn-bbpw _m-[n-v
\-c-In-v a-cn-t-n
h-cn-Ibpw sN-p--h-scp-dn-v th-h-em-Xn-s-SmXn-cn-p-Xv C-c--mm-sW-v I-cp-Xp-p-shn sXn. C-Xp-cpw
ap-X-em-fn--n-s I-fnI X-s-bmWv.

2013 s^{_phcn

bn Hmtcm aq-p an-\n-nepw H-cp kv{Xo _-em-wKw sN-s

- -Sp-p-v F-X
- m-Wv I-Wv.(3) 2005
am-{Xw 1,91,670 _-em-w-Kssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{I-a
- f
- psS C-cI
- f
- p-m-bn-p-s-X
- m-Wv A-ta-cn- \o-Xn\ym-bhy-h
bp-sS Hu-tZym-Kn-It- c-JI
- hy-a
- mp--Xv.(4) 2009 CXv 1,25,920 B-bn Ip-d-p-shn-epw 2010 ho-pw 1,88,380 B-bn h-[n-p-I-bmWp-m-bXv.(5) B-h-iy-ap--h-v B-h-iy-ap-
co-Xn-bn B-h-iy-ap-{X ssew-Kn-I-X B-kz-Zn-p-Xn-\p- A-h-k-c-ap-m-hp-I-sb- sk-Iv-kn-s
P-\m-[n-]X
- y-hX
- v
- c-Ww km-[y-am-bm kv{- Xo-Is-Xn-sc-bp- A-Xn-{I-a
- X-Sb
- m-\m-Ip-sa-v
hm-Zn-p-h
- Im-Wm a-Sn-p- I-W
- p-If
- m-Wnh. G-Xp X-c-n-ep-ap ssew-Kn-I-Xbpw hne
sIm-Sp-p hm-m-hp- A-ta-cn--bn-sep-sIm-v
kv-{Xo-]o-U-\- h-[n-p-h-cp-p-sh-v a-\-n-emm ap-Xe
- m-fn-w \In-b I-S- I
- f
- n-eq-sS
temI-s t\m-n-m-Wp--h-v I-gn-bn. ap-Xem-fn- kn-m---fp-sSbpw kzX-{ hn]-Wo
am-
- n-sbpw kzm-`m-hn-IX
- b
- m-Wv \m-cn-am-v
t\-sc-bp- I-S
- m-{I-aW
-
- s
- f-v a-\
- n-em-IW
- sa-n A-Xv \-Ip- X-e-tm-dp-I-fn-\n-v am-dn\n-v Nn-n-p-hm-\m-IWw. A-s\ Nn-n-ptm-gm-Wv am-\-hn-Ihpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-hp-sa-v
sImn-tLm-jn-s
- -Sp- kz-X{- -hn]-Wn F-{Xtm-fw s]-hn-cp-hpw am-\-hn-I-hn-cp--hp-amsW-v a-\-n-emhp.
"kzX{hn]Wn' ]pdp\np
\nb{Wtfm \nba-tfm AwKoIcnpn.
em`apmpsXmw AXnv "Ncm'Wv;
"KpW]camb thXncnhpIfnmsX hn]Wnbn
hnXcWw sN-sSpXpw
BhiymcpXpamb km[\amWv Ncv'
(commodity) FmWv kmnIimkv{Xns
\nN\w. aZyhpw abpacppIfpw
cXnbpsamw Cu \nN\{]Imcw NcpIfmWv. Chbvv \ne\nphm AhImiapv;
am\yamb Ah-Imiw! AXpsImmWv

A`nkmcnI (prostitute) Fv
hnfnp-Xn\p ]Icw
ssewKnIsmgnemfn (sex worker)
Fp Xs hnfn-Wsav
kzX{hn]WnbpsS hm
imTyw ]nSnpXv. ssewKnIX
hnpIbpw hmpIbpw
]p\hn]\ \SpIbp-samw
sNt Hcp hyhkmbamsWmWv
AhcpsS ImgvNmSv. {]kvXpX
hyhkmbw hgn tImSnIfpsS
hn\nabfmWv \SpsImncnpXv. ssewKnI
hyhkmbnse (sex industry) sXmgnemfnIfmWv kzX{hn]WnbpsS
hoWn ssewKnIsmgnemfnI. cXnhnphcpw
(prostituties), IqsS \Sv cXnkpJw
\Iphcpw (escorts) ]c]otU-bn A[njvTnXamb ssewKnIkwXr]vXnv D]tbmKnphcpw
(dominatrices) ImgvNbneqsS
ssewKnIm`n\nthiapmpXn\p
thnbp Nn{XsaSpm-\pw
A`n\bnphm\pw kcmIphcpw
(poronography) Fmw
ssewKnIsmgnemfnIfmWv.
tImSnWn\v tUmfdpIfmWv Cu
hyhkmbw hgn {Ibhn{Ibw
sNsSpXv.
Atacnbn s\mhmUm tnse
emkv thKmkv \Kcnte-v
Ibdptm Xs
"]m]\Kcntev kzmKXw' (Welcome to Sincity) F Iq \ntbm
t_mUmWv Hcmsf kzmKXw
sNpXv. Fm XnaIfpw AXns
]qWhpw \hpamb coXn-bn
\SamSp ]m]\Kcw! ]qW
\\rw \Sp 31 pI-!
\Xm hnt\mZfneqsS am{Xw
FqdptImSn tUmf hcpam-\w! cp
Uk\ne[nIw NqXmtI{!
AhnsS \SpXv tImSnWn\v
tUmfdns NqXmw-. cXnsbbpw
NqXmsbpw NqSp]nSnnphm
aZyn\v ]IpXn hneam{Xw!
]m]\Kcn Hcp hjsap
kiI \meptImSn! ]m]v
thnam-{Xw Hcp \Kcapmphm
apXemfn kzX{hn]Wnp am{Xta Ignbq.

B-hi
- y-ap-h
- -v
B-h-iy-ap- co-Xn-bn
B-h-iy-ap-{X ssew-KnI-X B-kz-Zn-p--Xn-\p A-h-k-c-ap-m-hp-Isb- sk-Iv-kn-s
P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h-Xv-c-Ww
km-[y-am-bm kv-{Xo-Is-Xn-sc-bp- A-Xn-{Ia- X-S-bm-\m-Ip-sa-v
hm-Zn-p--h Im-Wm
a-Sn-p-hbmWv
ssewKnImXn{IaWsf
Ipdnp
Atacnbnse
IWpI.

2013 s^{_phcn

Fs\bpw ]WapmpIsb
kwkvImcn ssewKnI-kpJw
IhSNcmIptm kpJw ]Ww sImSpv
hmphm a\ximkv{X]cambn Akm[yamb
kv{Xo AhaXnsSpIbpw
A]am\nsSpIbpw sNpIbmsW
hkvXpX temIshn-sSbpap
kv{Xo{]iv\sf hnv ]Wapmp aoUnb
adp-shpp. ap \mSpIsfbpw XfpsS
cXnkpJn\v ]nb coXn-bn
]cnhnnphm\mbn skIvkv Sqdnkns
A\km-[yXIsfpdnv kzX{hn]WnbpsS
hm hmNmecmIp-p. AhcpsS
{Xknnp IWpI aqmw temIntev
aoUnb IbpaXn sNptm AXp Iv
AhnsSbp-- `cWm-[nImcnIfpsS Ip
Xpp. AhnSps P\sf skIvkv Sqdnkn\v ]nb coXnbn akvXnjvI{]mf\w
sNm "bps\kv-tIm' hgn ssewKnI
hnZym`ymkw km{XnIampp. FmbnS-p
\npw btYjvSw kpJw BkzZnphm
CXphgn apXemfnam-v hgn Xpdpp. 1993se
IWpI {]Imcw Ctmt\jy-bn cc
etmfw ssewKnIsmgnemfnIfpv.
atejybn CXv Hc etmfhpw
^nenokn Bdp etmfhpam-Wv.
Xmbven ChcpsS Fw aqv etmfw
hcpsamWv IWv.- 199395 am{Xw
Xmbvemn\v 2700 tImSn tUmfdmWs{X
ssewKnIhyhkmbw hgn e`nXv!(6)
c-Xn-hy-h-km-b-s-n am-Xr-`q-an B-gv-N--Xn-v
te-JI-s \n-co-W
-
- C-tXm-Sv tN-p-hm-bnt--XmWv. ""tem-I-n C-t--hp-a-[n-Iw hn--gn-s-Sp- N-c-p-Ifn-sem-m-Wv s]-pS. Bkq-{Xn-Xhpw kw-L-Sn-X-hpam-b \n-e-bn B-tKm-f-Xe-n-e-c-t-dp- Cu hy-h-km-bw at-sXm-cp hyh-km-bs
- -tm-sebpw A-Xn-s \-S
- n-p-Im-cp-sS
em-`
- n-\p-th-n-bm-Wv cq-]s-Sp-n-bn-p-Xpw
\n-e-\n-p--Xpw.
kv-{Xo]pcp-j _--n-se D-Zm-hpw B-mZ-I-c-hpamb ssew-Kn-IX c-Xn-hy-h-km-b-am-bn cq-]m-

-cs
- -X
- n-s ]-m-e
-
- n-em-Wv
kv{- Xo-I-p-t\-sc-bp- \n-jvTqcam-b
A-Xn-{I-a-sf a-\
- n-em-t-X
- v.
U-ln-bn A-Xn-{Iq-camb ssew-Kn-Im{I-a-W-n-\p-ti-jw sIm-s- s]-Ip-n B-tKm-f-X-e-n A-c-t-dp-
Cu {]-{In-b-bp-sS C-c-bmWv. ]p-cp-jm-[n]-Xy-hy-h
\q-m-p-If
- m-bn kv{- Xo-Ifp-sS-ta m-]n-s-Sp- A-[o-iXzw
ap-X-em-fn- Nq-j-W-hp-am-bn ]-p-tN-cp-Xn-s `q-an-I-bn-em-Wv c-Xn-hy-h-km-bn-s hm-kv-XpL-S-\ \n-e-\n-pXv. ssew-Kn-Im-\p-`q-Xn-sb \n-W-bnp- k-o-Wam-b am-\-kn-Ihpw
kmw-kI
v- m-cn-Ih
- pam-b k-hn-ti-jX
- I
- fpw
ssh-b
- n-Iam-b C-m-\n-
- f
- p-samw
c-Xn-hy-hkm-b hn-]-Wn-bp-sS A-Xn-{]kcw A-Xn-s \n-e-\n-n-\p-th-n
D-]t- bm-Ks
- -Sp-p-X
- n-s Im-eL
- - n-em-Wv \mw Po-hn-p--Xv.
kmw-kvI
- m-cn-Ihpw am-\k
- n-Ihpw
Po-hi
- m-kv{- X-]c
- h
- pam-b X-e
- f
- n
\np-sIm-p-am{Xw ssew-Kn-IX
- bpw
kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS ta-ep- a-Z-\m-[n-]-Xyfpw F-s
- \-bm-Wv cq-]w sIm-p-sX-v a-\-n-em-m-\m-hn. c-Xn-hy-hkmb-s \n-e-\n-p- km--n-I,
cm-{o-b kw-hn-[m\-s B-g-n
hn-iI
- e-\w sN-t-X
- pv. B-tKm-fX
- e-n G-Xm-v 700 tIm-Sn tUm-f-dn-s
hn-]-Wn-bm-Wv c-Xn-hy-h-kmbw. G--hpw
Ip-d--Xv 12.3 Z-ie-w t]-sc c-Xn-hyh-km-b-n-\p-th-n hn-p-Ibpw
hm-p-Ibpw sN-pp. sImw-tXm-dpw
20 e-w Ip-n-I ssew-Kn-I-hn-]-Wnbn F--s-Spp. tem-I hym-]-I-am-

]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xy- hy-h-
\q-m-p-I-fm-bn kv-{Xo-Ifp-sS-ta m-]n-s-Sp A-[o-iXzw ap-X-em-fn Nq-j-W-hp-am-bn
]-p-tN-cp--Xn-s `q-anI-bn-em-Wv c-Xn-hy-h-km-bn-s hm-kv-XpL-S-\
\n-e-\n-p-Xv.

2013 s^{_phcn

10

bn \-S-p- a-\p-jy--S-n ]n F-pt]cpw ssew-Kn-I-hn-]-Wn-p-th-n hn-\na-bw

sN-s
- -h
- c
- mWv. ssewKn-I Nq-jW
-
- n-\p-th-nbp- a-\p-jy--S-n 98 i-X-am-\w t]cpw kv-{XoIfpw Ip-n-I-fp-amWv. C-sXmw 2005se I-W-p-IfmWv. A-Xn-\p-ti-j-ap- Im-ew n-Xn-K-Xn-I
Iq-Sp-X h-jf
- m-bX
- m-sX \-m-bX
- m-bn B-cpwXs A-h-Im-i-s-Sp-n.
Nq-jW
-
- n-e[
- n-jvTn-Xam-b ap-Xe
- m-fn-hpw
]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xyhpw _--s-v \n-e-\n-p-
A-ka
- X
- z-f
- m-Wv c-Xn-hy-hk
- m-b
- n-s `u-Xn-ImSn-d. B-tKm-fX
- e
-
- n c-Xn-hy-hk
- m-b
- n-s
{]-[m-\t- I-{-fm-b {]-tZ-i
- f
- p-sS N-cn{Xw C-Xn\p- sX-fn-hmWv. sX-p-In-g--t\-jy cm-Pyfm-b Xm-bv-e v, C-sUm-\ojy, ^n-en-sskv
F-n-hn-S--fn cq-]-s- c-Xn-hy-h-km-bhpw
tkm-hnb-v bq-Wn-bs
- bpw In-g
- bq-tdm-]y
cm-Py-f
- p-sSbpw X-I-s
- b- Xp-S-v D-Ss
- e-Sp
ssew-Kn-I-hn-]-Wnbpw Cu \n-K-a\-s i-cn-h-p-XmWv. C-ysb-t]m-ep- cm-Py-f
- n A-{X
kw-L-Sn-X-a-s-nepw k-am-\am-b X-c-n-ep
ssew-Kn-I-hn-]-Wn-bp-sS h-f- k-ao-]-Im-e--fn
Z-in-m-hp-X
- mWv. ssew-Kn-Ih
- n-]W
- n-bp-am-bn
_-s
- - ]-ck
- y- {i-n-mX-s B-tKm-fX-e-n kw-L-Sn-X-am-bn \-S-p- c-Xn-hy-h-km-bhp-am-bn C-hn-Sp-s hn-]-Wnbpw I-n-tN-cp--Xns kq-v-a-N-e-\- I-s-m-\m-hpw.
G--hp-a-[n-Iw em-`w t\-Sn--cp- H-m-Wv
ssew-Kn-Ih
- y-hk
- m-bw. sIm-tfm-Wn-b Im-eL
- - n-\v ap-]v \-S- A-Sn-a-hym-]m-c-n-s C-cp]n-sbmmw \q-m-n-se cq-]-am-Wv s]-p-S-ens hn-]-W\w. B-{^n--bn-\n-p- A-Sna-sb
I-h-Sw sN-p--Xn-\npw e-`n-n-cp- em-`-ns aq-n-c- n-bm-Wv ssew-Kn-Ih
- n-]W
- n-bn-se-n-p kv-{Xo-I-fn-\npw e-`n-p--sX-v Cu ]T-\ Nq-n-m-Wn-pp. ]m-m-Xy-\m-Sp-If
- n-se
Zm-fp-I ]-gb tkm-hnb-v dn--n-p-I-fn--\n-p s]-Ip-nI-sf Np-cpn-b hn-e-bv-v hm-n
h-tXm-Xn em-`-ap-m-p ssewKn-I A-Sn-a-Ifm-bn \n-e-\n-p--Xn-s \n-ch-[n hn-h-c-W-
C-v e-`y-amWv. P-a-\n-bn H-cp ]n-v A-s-n
s]-I-S-p-Im-c aq-hm-bn-cw ap-X ap--Xn-\m-bncw tUm-fh-sc sN-e-h-gn-mWv Cu cm-Py--fn-\np- H-cp s]--Ip-n-sb hn-e-bv-p-hm-p-Xv.
Cu Xp-I s]-Ip-n-bp-sS E-W-_m-[y-X-bmWv.
Cu I-Sw ho-n--gn-p-I-gn-mepw s]--Ip-n
k-m-Zn-p--Xn-s 50 ap-X 75 i-X-am-\w h-sc
Zm-fn-\pX-s sIm-Sp-t-n h-cpw. ssewKn-I
hn-]-Wn-bn-te-v h-en-s-dn-b-s- s]-Ip-nI-sf
G-Xm-v Fm \m-nepw I-s-m-\m-hp-sa-nepw
kw-L-Sn-Xam-b Cu hy-h-km-b-n-s {]-`-h-tI-{ ssew-Kn-I-sm-gn-en-\v \n-b-a-km-[pX-bp-

cm-Py-tfm A
- s
- -n A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc
Zp-_-eam-b \n-b-a-\-S-]-Sn-I \n-e-\np- cm-Py-tfm BWv.
c-Xn-hy-h-km-b-s-p-dn-p- ]T-\-fn ]-e-tmgpw A-h-K-Wn--s-Sp-
H-cp h-kvXp-X ap\n-c-cm-Py- F-v
hn-fn--s-Sp--h C-Xn h-ln-p-
]-mWv. Cu ]T-\- {i--bq-p-Xv
ssew-Kn-I-hr-n sXm-gn-em-bn kzo-I-cnm \n-_-n-Xcm-b l-X-`m-Ky-cp-sS
cm-Py-f
- p-sS A-h
b
- mWv. tkm-jy-enk-n-s t]-cn \n-e-\n- `o-I-cam-b
A-[n-Im-ck
- w-hn-[m-\
- X-I-S- n-tXm-sS km-aq-ln-Ik
- w-hn-[m-\w sam-w
X-Ic
- p-X
- n-s tc-Jm-Nn-{X-f
- m-Wv tkmhnb-v bq-Wn-b\-n-\npw A-Xn-s
]m-iz-h-n-I-f-m-bn \n-e-\n-n-cp-
cm-Py--fn-\npw ssewKn-I hn-]-Wnbn-te-v h-en-s-dn-b-s-Sp- kv-{Xo-I-fpsS A-h- sh-fn-s-Sp-p-Xv. tI-c-fn-\npw K-^n-te-v sXm-gn-e-t\zjn-v t]m-Ip--Xn-\v k-am-\-amWv Cu
cm-Py-f
- n-\n-p- s]-I
- p-nI-sf
bq-tdm-n-se ssew-Kn-Ih
- n-]W
- n-If
- n
F-n-p- {]-{In-b. K-^n-se sXm-gnep-S-a a-e-bm-fn Ip-Sn-tb--mc-s ]mkvt]mpw apw ssIh-iw sh-p-Xpt]mse Cu s]-Ip-n-I-fp-sS ]mkvt]mpw a-v bm-{Xm-tc-JI
- fpw Zm-fp-I
ssI--em-pp. H-cp X-c-nepw c-s-Sm-\m-Im- H-cp sI-Wn-bn-em-Wv
C-h s]p-t]m-Ip-Xv. hntZi sXm-gnse- hm-Kv-Zm-\-n-s a-d-hn-em-Wv
{]m-Ya
- n-IX
- e
-
- n C-Xn-\p-th-p-
dn-{Iq-v-sap-I \-S-p-Xv. an-hmdpw \n-b-a-hn-cp-am-b Ip-Sn-tb--irw-Je-bp-sS `m-K-am-bm-Wv C-h bq-tdm-n-epw
A-ta-cn--bnepw P-m-\nepw Fmw
k-Po-h-am-bn \n-e-\n-p ssew-Kn-Ihn-]-Wn-bn F-n-s-Sp--Xv. B-tKm-fX-e-n \n-e-\n-p- Cu A-t[mtem-I-n-s em-kvv-ssa I-W-n-hn-n
AY-hm {]-h--\-a-ew \n-b-a-hm-gvN-bp-sS Fm ]-cn-c--Ifpw D-d-p-h-cpp-p-sh-v A-h-Im-i-s-Sp- ap\nc cm-Py-f
- n-Xs
- -bm-sW- h-kvXp-X
ap-X-em-fn- Nq-j-Whpw ssewKn-I hym]m-chpw X-n-ep- A-t`-Zy-_-s
sh-fn-s-Sp-p-p.
A-tb-w N-c
- p-hX
- v
- c
- n-s
- -
H-cp-Xv-]--am-bn ssew-Kn-IX-sb cq-]m-c-s-Sp-p- Cu {]-{In-b H-cp ]-s

kq--am--n-\npw
at-sXm-cp-Xv]-sbpw t]mse hm-mhp- H-m-bn s]-pSepw B-Wp-Sepw am-dn-bncn-pp. BWpw
s]pw X-n-ep-
Du-jv-a-fam-b _--ns hy-n-]-c-X-sbbpw
kz-Im-cy-X-sbbpw
]q-W-ambpw \n-tj-[np-Ibpw Cm-Xm-pIbpw sN-p- Zp-c-h-bmbn Cu n-Xn-hntij-s km-aq-ln-I-imkv-{X-
hn-e-bn-cp-pp.

2013 s^{_phcn

11

a-\p-jy-N-cn-{X-n C-Xph-sc \n-e-\n-\n-n-nm-X-c-n-ep- kv-{Xo]pcp-j _---v

Im-cW
- a
- m-Ipp. kq--am-
- n-\npw at-sXmcp-Xv]--sbpw hm-m-hp- H-m-bn s]-p-Sepw
B-Wp-Sepw am-dn-bn-cn-pp. BWpw s]pw
X-n-ep- Du-jv-a-fam-b _--n-s hy-n-]-c-Xsbbpw kz-Im-cy-X-sbbpw ]q-W-ambpw \n-tj-[np-Ibpw Cm-Xm-p-Ibpw sN-p- Zp-c-h-bmbn Cu n-Xn-hn-tij-s km-aq-ln-Ii
- m-kv{- X hn-e-bn-cp-pp. c-p hy-n-I X-n-ep _--n-\v A-hiyw th-p- {]-Xn_--X
Cm-Xm-Ip--Xn-\p- `uXn-I km-l-N-cyw ssew-KnI-hn-]W
- n-bn A-hk
- m-\n-m-sX-sb-p- C-cI
- f
- psS km-n[yw Im-c-W-am-Ipp. ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS
D-Zm-`
- m-h
- s
- fmw D-aqe-\w sN-s
- -Sp-Ibpw
s]-p-S B-{I-a-tWm-p-I-X \n-d- Im-a-{]-I-S\-n-\p- i-co-cw am-{X-am-bn am--s-Sp-Ibpw,
A-Xm-Wv ssew-Kn-IX
- s
- b- A-ht- _m-[
- n-te-v
s]m-Xp-k-aq-lw X-s F-n-t-cpIbpw sNp-
n-Xn-hn-ti-jam-Wv C-tm \n-e-\n-p-Xv.''(7)
s] i-coc-s H-cp Nc-v am-{X-am-n-o-Xn ]-c-ky-hn-]-Wn-p- ]-v hf-sc h-ep-XmWv. 1836 Pq amk-n {^v \yqkv-t]--dmb
ems{]s (La Presse)bmWv BZy-ambn ]Ww
hmn-sIm-p ]c-ky- kzoI-cn-p-hm\mcw`n--Xv. 1869- ^nem-Z^n-b-bn Bcw-`n F.Unbp A & k BWv BZy-s ]cky
GPkn. Ccp-]Xmw \q-m-ns Bcw-`-tmsS
]c-ky-cw-K-tv kv{XoI-fpsS BKa\-ap-m-bn.
ssewKn-I-X-bpsS aW-ap BZys Ata-cn-
]c-ky-hm-NIw Hcp tkmn-s ]c-ky-tm-S-\p-_n-p--Xm-bn-cp-p. "\n kv]in-m CjvSs-Sp- sXmen.' sIm-tm-es
- btme-bp-
GXm\pw I-\n-I ]sm-]-Xmw \qm-ns
Ah-km-\-n Xs ]c-ky--fn s]Nn-{X D]-tbm-Kn-m XpS-n-bn-cp-p. 1920I-fn
td-Untbm XpS-n-bt- XmsS {imhy ]c-ky-f
- psS

Hgp-p-m-bn. 1940-I-fpsS Ah-km-\-amb-tm-tgv senhn-j-\p-Ifpw AXnse

Zriy]c-ky-fpw temIw Im-Wm
XpS-n. 1950-I-fpsS XpS--n-emWv
UyqtamSv senhn-j s\v hv
"kvt]mtkUv t{]m{Km-ap-I' F
senhn-j ]cky--]-cn-]m-Sn-I
Bcw-`n-X
- v.
1960-If
- psS XpS-s
- -bmWv Ata-cn ]c-ky-hn-]-Wn-bpsS kKm--Ihn--h-ns Ime-ambn Adn-b-s-Sp-Xv. ]ckyw Hcp Ie-bmbn hf-cp-Ibpw
kKm--IX Xpfp-p ]c-ky-hm-N-Ifpw Nn{X-fpw D]-tbm-Kn-s
- SpIbpw sNbvX B Ime-ns
XpS-w hneyw t__m-ns
"thmkvh
- mK' ]c-ky-tm-sS-bmWv
XpS-p--Xv. 1980-I-fpsS Ah-km-\-am-btm-tgv tI_n Snhn hym]-I-am-bn.
kwKoX Nm\-emb Fw.-Sn-hn-bmWv ]cky-hn-]-Wnsb ]qW-ambpw s]i-coc-ns \navt\m--Xn-I-fn-tev Xncnp-hn--Xv. ]cky ImWm thn
am{X-ambn P\- senhn-j-
Xpd-p Ah kwPm-X-am-bn.
AtXmsS ]c-ky-p- thn
am{Xambp Nm\-ep-I-fp-mbn. 1990-Ifn-emWv C-s\v hgn-bp ]c-kyv XpSw Ipdn--s--Xv. KqKnfns\tmse-bp P\-{]nb sh_vsskp-I C-am-nw-Kn-t\bpw CAUvhssS-kvsan-s\-bpw hym]-Ia
- mn. sam tZiob D]-ns 2.4
-i-X-am-\-amWv Ata-cn--bnse ]c-ky-hn]-Wn-bnse sNe-hp-I F-XmWv
Ctm-gp Ah-.

kv-{Xo-\--Xbpw A-[-\-X-bp-w t\mp-n-S-fn-sem-ap- ap-X-em-fn km-aq-ly-{I-a-n

]p-cp-j A-{I-an-bm-bno-cp-p-sh-n
A-Xn-v in-n-t-Xv
Ah-sc am-{X-a-spw
A-Xn-v Ah-s\
t{]-cn-n-p- km-aq-ly{I-a-s-q-Sn-bmsWpw ]-d-bp-Xv
F--s\-bm-Wv th--mc-\p-th-n-bp-
th-Zm--am-bn-o-cp--Xv.

2013 s^{_phcn

12

D]--sf-pdn kXy-k--amb Adnhv

\IpXn\p thn-b ]c-ky- Cv D]tbm-Kn-s
- -Sp-X
- v. IpSpw_w Hn-p-]t- bm-Kn-p
ao-Un-b-I-fn-eqsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-ihpw kzmYXbpw D]-t`m-K-Xr-jvWbpw hfp ]c-ky IS-p-h-cp-Xv hgn kmaqly[man-I-X-bmWv
XI-cp--Xv. hne-a-Xn-m-\m-hm aqey--sf-mw
I-h-S-h-cn--s-Sp-Ibpw ]pXn-b Xe-ap-d-p
apn shdpw hn]-Wn am{Xw apey-am-bn-o-cpIbpw sNp- Ah--mWv ]c-ky-hn-]Wn
hmXn- Xpd--Xv. apX-em-fn-hpw kz-X{ hn]Wnbpw krjvSn [man-I
- I
- -tbm-sSmw ]cky-f
- n-eq-sS-bp aqey\ntj[w IqSn-bm-bt- m
B cwKs A]-Nbw AXns ]c-am-h-[n-bn
F-n-gn-p. Nne apX-em-fn Nn-Iam-scnepw C-c-samcp kmaq-lym-h--bpsS A]-ISw
aW--dn-n-p-v. tdm_v Unbp saIv
sNkv\n Fgp-Xpp: ""B[p-\nI am-nw-Kn's
_e-n\p Iogn a\p-jy-s Bh-iy--fpw,
_-fpw `b-m-Sp-I-fp-samw-a-\pjy a\-ns
Bg-n-ep aqe-IN-c-p-I-fpsS temIs
hnI-kn-n-p--Xn-\m-bp D]m-[n-I am{X-am-bncn-p-p. a\p-jy-_--sf Nc-v-_---fm-nop I-hS- h
- -c
- Ww apX-em-fn-
- n
Aeo-\-amb {]Xn-`m-k-am-sW-nepw B[p-\nI
am-nw-Kn\v {]m[m\yw ssIh-t- Xm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv
AXv {]I-S-ambn hnI-kn-p-hm
XpS-n-bn-p-X
- v.''(8)
am[y-a- krjvSn-p am\-kn-I-a-en-\o-I-cW-n-s\-Xnsc t_m[-h-cWw \SnsIm-ncn-p- A_-tgvkv aoUnbm ^ut-js
m]-I-cn-sem-cm-fmb Is ekv Fgp-Xp-p.
""a\-ns\ aen-\-am-p Imcy--fn Ghpw
{]_-ehpw {][m-\-s-Xpw ]c-ky--fm-Wv. t\cw
shfp-p-tm \n--fpsS sNIn-Sp-I-fn h-Snp tdUntbm Aemdw apX cm{Xn-bn
InSm t\cv Snhn-bn ImWp sImp-]-cn]m-Sn-I hsc Hcp Znh-k-n- aqm-bn-c-tmfw
hn]-W\ kt-i--fmWv \n-fpsS Xe-tm-dnsen AhnsS hym]m-c-a-en-\o-I-c-W-ns {]fb-ap-m-p--Xv. 1200 tImSn ]c-ky-t_mUp-Ifpw
apXv ew tdUntbm hym]m-c-fpw cp-ew
senhn-j ]c-ky--fp-amWv Htcm Znh-khpw
hS-t Ata-cn-bpsS D]-t_m[ a\-nte-v
ASnp Ib-n-s-m-n-cn-p-Xv.''(9)
]c-ky- kaq-l-n-ep-m-p kzm[o-\s Ipdnv Ata-cn- kmaq-lyhnai-I-bmb
Po Int_m FgpXn: ""]ecpw hnNm-cn-p-Xp-t]mse ]c-ky-v \n-fn bmsXmcp
kzm[o-\hpw krjvSn-m Ign-bnsm-bn-cnpw
\n-fp-sSbpw hnizmkw.- \n- C-s\-s
hniz-kn--W-sa--Xm-Wv ]c-ky-m-cpsS Bhiyw.

CXp kXy-am-sW-n ]ns-sb-n\mWv Hcp hj-n- Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bncw

tImSn tUmf ]c-ky-n\p thn
I-\n-I apS-p-Xv? Hcp icm-icn
]ckyw \nn-m cc ew
tUm-fdpw AXv kwt{]-jWw sNm
hopw cc ew tUmfdpw sNe-hgn-p-hm Ah k--cm-hp-sXpsIm-mWv? \mj-W ^pSvt_m
eoKns kq _ufn-t\m-S-\p-_-nm-sW-n ]p ew tUmf-dn-e[nIw ]c-ky-\nam-W-n\pw ]Xn-\v
e-w tUm-f-dn-e-[nIw AXv kwt{]jWw sNp-hm-\p-ambn sNe-h-gn-phm Ah Hcp--am-Wv. 1999se kq
_ufn-t\m-S-\p-_-nv Ata-cn-
kucy h[-I- kv{Xohkv{XI-\nbmb "hnIvtSm-dn-bmkv ko{Iv' t\Sn-bXp-t]m-ep hnP-bw t\Sp-I-bmWv AhcpsS eyw. sS-en-hn-j kv{Io\n-eqsS-bp A-\-K-v\-cmb kp-cn-amcpsS ]tcUv tIhew apXv sk v
\op-\n--tm-tgv ]p ew
t]cmWv senhn-j-\n \npw amdn
AXn ]d sh_v-ssk-n t]mbn
Nc-p-I HmU sNbv-XXv: ]c-kyn\v bm-sXmcp kzm[o-\-hp-anstm!(10)
Hcp ]pXnb D]--s-Ip-dn
Adn-hp-\Ip--Xn-ep-]cnbmbn AXv
Xe-tm-dn-tev ASn-p-Ib
-
- p-Is
- b
[aamWv ]c-ky- \n-ln-p-Xv. Nc-n\v Hm-a-Xmbn IS-t IS ap{Zo-Ic
- W
-
- n-t-Xm-Wv (branding).
Htc D]-tbm-K-n-ep Hn-e-[nIw
Nc-p-I-fp-m-Ip-tm Hcp {]tXyI
I-\n-bpsS {]tXyI Nc-mWv
bYmY-n- X\nv Bhiy-ap-sX t_m[w D]-t`m-m-hns a\n ap{ZWw sN-n-n-p-I-sb [aamWv "{_m-UnwKv' hgn \n-ln--sSp--Xv. F-s\-bmWv Hcp {]tXyI
{_mUn-s\ a\-n-\-I-tv ap{Zo-Icn-p-I-sbv ]Tn-p-hm-\mbn \mUo-imkv{X-nse ]pXn-b Adn-hp-I hsc
D]-tbm-Kn-s
- -Spp. ^vj
- W
-
ams-nwKv dntkm-W-kv Cta-Pnw-Kpw
(FMRI) FIvt{Sm Fkn-^m-tem-{K-^nbpw (ECG)samw D]-tbm-Knv Fs\
D]-t`mIv-Xr- a\-ns\ Iog-S-m-sav
]Tn-p Hcp sshm-\nI-imJ- Xs-bp-v. \yqtdm am-nw-Kv (Neuro

ap-Jhpw ap-Ipw
am{Xw ]pd-v Im-Wp-
A-b- h-kv{Xw [-cn-v
Rm-s\mcp "N-c'spw khis hn-\o-Xbm-b Zm-knbm-sWpw hn-fn-p-]-dbp-Ibpw F-{XX-s
{]-tem`n-n--s-mepw
ap-X-em-fn--n-s
sI-Wn-bn-e-I-s-Sm-Xn-cnm ssZhn-I \n-b-a-fp-sS ]-cn-N-bp-]-tbmKn-v Xm {i-anp-sImn-cn-p-sa-v h-kv-{X-[mc-W-n-eq-sS {]-Jym-]np-Ibpw sN-p--h-fmWv ap-kvenw kv-{Xo.

2013 s^{_phcn

13

Marketing) FmWv CXv Adn-b-s-Sp--Xv.(11)

Bhiy-ap hkvXp-sh-m Hcp {]tXyI
{_mUn-ep Nc-v Xs-bm-sW t_m[w
akvXn-jvI
- n Fgp-Xn-tNp-X
- n\v {]mY-ao-Ic-Ww (priming) Fp t]cv. ]ns sh-sbIpdnv Btem-Nn-p-tm-tgv "tIm-tKn's
t]cv Xe-tm-dn sXfn-p hnZy-bpsS ]nn
Kth-j-W--fpsS Hcp \o \nc -X-sbp-v. Hcp
{]tXyI Bhiy-n\p thn-bp BZys
D]w- {_mUp sNm AXns Kp-W-K-W am{Xw ]d-m aXn-bm-Ipw. CtX Bhiyn-\p-th-n-bp cm-as D]-
- n-s
nXn AX-. tImtK-ns Nn{Xw ]ns
sha-bp-ambn ap{Zo-I-cn--sp Ign- Hcm-fpsS
akvXn-jvI-ntev a-smcp Sqv t]n\v ISm Ign-sb-Ws
- a-n Abmv sh-tb-m
BIj-I-ambn tXmm-hp as-s-nepw IqSn
tNcph thWw. ]pcp-j-hn-Im-c-sf i-ambn
kzm[o-\n-p-hm Ign-bp kv{Xo kucyw ]cky-cw-K-v {]k--am-Ip-Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Ncns KpW-n\v ]Icw s]ns t\m-neqsS D]-s Xe-tm-dn- ap{Zo-I-cn-p-Isb hnZy-bmWv Cv hym]-Ia
- mbn D]-tbm-Kn-s-Sp ]c-ky-X-{w.
kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw ]pcp-jam-cp-sS-bpw
ssewKnI a\ximkv{Xw icn-pw ]T-\-n\v
hnt[-ba
- m-n-bX
- n-\p-ti-ja
- mWv ]c-ky- cq]w
sIm-p--Xv. ]pcp-j-ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS {]mY-anI
tI{w I-pw kv{Xossew-Kn-IX
- b
- p-tSXv ImXp-amWv. ImgvN-bn \nv ]pcp-j Dt-Pn-X-\m-hpIbpw Ahs icocw ssewKnI _-n\v
Xm-dm-hp-Ibpw sNp-p. Xm CjvSs ]pcpjs km-ao-]yhpw kwkm-chpw kv]i-hp-am-Wv
s]i-co-cs Dt-Pn-n-p--Xv. ]pcp-js\

Dt-in-p ]c-ky--fn s]i-co-cns \navt\m-X

- n-Im-bn-cnpw
{]m[m-\yw. s]ns\ {]tem-`n-n-p
]c-ky-f
- n-em-hs Ahs-s\
]pcp-js\ BIjn-m Ignbp-sa-Xn-em-bn-cnpw apXqw. amkv ao-Unbsb Ipdn Kth-jW--n\v tUmIvStdv e`n hmjnw-KvS tv kh-Iem-im-e-bnse dnUv F^v S^vfnw-K
]pcp-j-s\bpw kv{XoI-sfbpw eywsh-p ]c-ky-sfn hni-Z-ambn
A]-{K-Yn-p-p-v.(12) Atlw DZm-lcn-p- cp ]c-ky-; Hv _nbdns ]c-ky-am-Wv. \mep ]pcp-jam
IS-p-dv Ccn-pp. A-\--cmb
aqv kp-cn-am AXn-eqsS \S-p-t]mIp-p. X-tfm-sSmw IqSm-\p
BWp--fpsS Bhiyw Ah XnckvI-cn-p-p. DSs\ _nb Fpp.
AXv IpSn ]pcp-jam-tcm-sSmw
kp-cn-I Iqp-Iq-Sp-Ibpw B-t-jn-pIbpw Npw_n-p-Ibpsamw sNp-p.
CXv ]pcp-js\ am{Xw ey-am-p
]c-kyw. cm-a-tXv h{PtamXn-cns ]c-kyamWv. kzIm-cyX tXmnn-p A--cow; Ac shfnw.
s]ns\ t]mm Ign-bp--h-s\v
tXmn-n-p ]pcp-j. Ah-\ntev Bk-n-tbmsS t\mp
kv{Xo. ]m--e-n Ub-sav
dnwKpw. CXv s]ns\ ey-am-p
]c-kyw. cp ]c-ky-n-epw {][m-\ambpw hn]-W\w sN-s-Sp-Xv
s]i-co-c-am-Wv. AXn\v Dt]m_-eI-ambn am{Xta Bi-co-cw D]-tbm-Kn-s-Sp-p-q. AXmWv th-sXv
B cwKs Kth-j-W]T-\-
hy-am-p-p-shv ]d-bp--Xmhpw
icn.
a\pjy a\-p-I-Iv D]-sf sImn-sh-n-p Xc-nep ]c-ky- P\-sf D]-t`m-Kn\v ASn-a-I-fm-n-opp; Ncp-If
- psS DS-a
X
- - am\y-Xb
- p-tSbpw
hy-nXz-n--sbpw Htc-sbmcp am\-Z-ambnocp- Ahbp-mIpp. a\v D]-t`m-K-h-cn--s-p-Ign-m ]ns AXns ASn-a-n \nv c-sSpI Ffp--a.
AXmWv apX-em-fn--n\p ]c-ky-fn-eqsS e`n-p saw. hn]-Wnbpw
hm-epw am{Xw [a-ambn ImWp

sIm-e-]m-XIw, tam-jWw, hy`n-Nm-cw F-n-hbv-p- in-m-hn-[nI-sfm-sW-v

Ir-Xy-am-bn ]-d-
C-kveman-I {]-am-W _-em-w-K-n\p- in--sb-msW-v hy--am-mXv kmlNcysfmw
]-cn-K-Wnp-sIm-m-hWw A-Xn-s in-
\n-W-bn-t-Xv
F-Xp-sIm-m-bn-cnWw.

2013 s^{_phcn

14

Hcp kaq-l-ns krjvSn. Ata-cn-

kmwkvIm-cn-IN
- c
- n-{X-Im-c\
- mb {In-^ emv
C-c-samcp kaq-l-ns kw-kvIm-cs hnfnp-Xv "Bm-cm-[\
- b
- psS kwkvImcw' (The
Culture of Narcissism) Fm-Wv.(13)
kzs Bcm-[n-p kwkvIm-cw! Rm
Xs aXn-sb-m-{K-ln-p--h-cpsS kaqlw; F\np-th-n-bm-IWw ap--sXmw Fv B{K-lnp H-tcm-cp--cpw. Fs Fmw Rm am{X-ambn-o-cp Ah-. ]c-ky--fn-eq-sS a\-p-I
hmWnPyh-cn-s
- -Sp-tm Dm-Ip Zpc--fm-Wnh. Fmw D]-t`m-K-n- app-tm
hmWn-Py-h-cn--s a\-p-I F-mw
Xfp-tSXm-p-hm s\tm-t- am-Sp-p. Ip-Ir-Xy s]cp-Ip-Ibpw aqey-v hne \jvS-s-SpIbpw kmaq-ly-[man-IX XI-cp-Ibpw sNp-X
- mWv CXns {]Xy ^ew. km-nI {]Xn-knbpw amyhpw kmaq-ly-{I-a-ns Ipg-p-a-dnn-ep-If
- p-samw CXn-s ]tcm^e-f
- m-Wv.
amkmp-sk-kv k-I-em-im-e-bnse aoUn-bm
]T-\-hn-`mKw s{]m^-k-dmb tUm: kSvP-n-bpsS
ho-W
- n apX-em-fn-k
- w-kvIm-c
- ns aXamWv ]c-ky-.(14) At-l-n-s ]c-ky-ns
\nb-a-{I-a F {Kw XpS-p-Xp X-s
C-s\-bmWv: ""B[p-\nI kaq-l-ns kmaqly-h-c-W-n G-hp-a-[nIw kzm[o-\n-p-
m]-\a
- mWv ]c-ky-s
- fv hmZn-m-hp-X
- m-Wv;
A-XmWv P\-{]nb am[y-a--fpsS D-S-w cq]s-Sp-p--Xv; enwKhyn-Xz-ns \nm-Wn {][m-\-]-p-h-ln-p-Xpw AXp-Xs;
Ipn-Ifpw amXm-]n-Xm-fpw Xn-ep-m-bn-cn-t
_-sf AXv kzm[o-\n-p-p; cmjv-{Sob AP-Ip ]nn-ep X{-sf AXv AS-n-hmgp-p; DuP-\nb-a--fp-ambn _-s \b-cq-]oI-c-W-ns cwK-fn-se i-amb kzc-am-bpw
AXv Cu ASp--Im-ev amdn-bn-p-v;
kvt]mSvkn-t\bpw P\-{]nbkw-Ko-Xs
- bpw

t]mep \psS {][m-\-s

kmwkvIm-cnI m]-\
- sfbpw AXv
kzm[o-\n-pp. Cu ASp--Im-embn AXp Xsbpw kzbw Xs
Fm-hc
- p-sSbpw ssZ\w-Zn\ kw`m-jW
- -fpsS `mK-am-bn-o-cp-Ibpw P\--fpsS CjvShnj-b
- f
- n-sem-mbno-cpIbpw sNbvXn-p-v.''(15)
]c-ky- aX-am-bn-o-cp- kaql-ns ]cn-Wn-Xn-sb-sv ]cn-tim[n--W-sa-n Ata-cn- kaq-lns Ah am{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-m
aXn. Ip-Ir-Xy--fpsS IpXn-p-I-bw
A-hnsS Hcp hm-tb-b-. hfp
hcp ]ucam-cnse Ip-hmk-\I
Ata-cn- kaq-l-ns `mhn-sb-n
Ccp Nn{X-am-Wp-m-p-s
- Xv
Ahn-Ss kmaq-ly-im-kv{X-am
Xs ap-dn-bnp \Ip-hm-\mw-cw-`n-ncn-p-p. 2002-\pw 2007-\p-an-Sbv-v
sIme-]m-XI-f
- psS Fw 43 i-Xam\w hn-n-p-v. Ipn-I \S-n-b
tXm-p-]t- bm-Kn-p \c-ta-[
- f
- p-sS
F-n-em-Is 54 iX-am\w h[-\hm-Wv Dm-bn-p-X
- v.(16) ssewKn-IX
- bpsS Imcyw ]d-bp-Ibpw th! hnhml-n\v ]p-hj-p aps-nepw Hcp icm-icn Ata-cn--m-c
ssewKn-I-_w Bkz-Zn-p-hm XpSp-tm Ata-cn--mcn CXp XpSp-Xv Ggp hj-p apm-Wv.
hnhm-l-n\p apv ssewKn-I-_-n-te-s-Sp-h
- c
- mWv 96 iX-am\w
kv{XoI-fp-sa-mWv IW-v.(17) CXn 61
iX-am-\hpw 13 hb-n\v Xmsg-bp--h-

Fs\bpw
]WapmpIsb
kwkvImcn
ssewKnI-kpJw
IhSNcmIptm
kpJw ]Ww sImSpv
hmphm
a\ximkv{X]cambn
Akm[yamb kv{Xo
AhaXnsSpIbpw
A]am\nsSpIbpw
sNpIbmsW
hkvXpX temIshnsSbpap
kv{Xo{]iv\sf hnv
]Wapmp aoUnb
adp-shpp.

2013 s^{_phcn

15

cm-Wv. 1950 CXv 50 iX-am\w am{X-am-bn-cp-p-shtmWw. Ac \qm-p-sImp-mb amw

`oaam-Wv. apX-em-fn-k
- a
- q-ls sam-n
ssew-Kn-Ih
- -cn-p-hm\pw Ip-Ir-Xy-f
- n
\na--am-p-hm\pw am-nw-Kn\v Ign-hp-sv
Cu amw hy-am-pp. ]pw ]Xn-s\m-pw
]{pw hb-p ]nXm-- Cu am-nwKv
kwkvImcn-s k-Xn-If
- m-Wv.(18)
ssewKn-IX
- b
- psS AXn-{]-kcw kr-jvSn-p
]c-ky--fn-eqsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-ihpw Ip-IrXy-fpw h[n-pI am{X-a sNp--Xv. ]c-ky-fn-eqsS {]Zin-n-s
- -Sp ssewKn-IX
- b
- mWv
bYm-Y-sa Ah-t_m[w a\-p-I-It- v
kn-th-in-n-p-Xp hgn Akw-Xr]vX ssewKnI-Xsb sshbn-Ihpw kmaqln-I-hp-amb Hcp
hym]I {]iv\-am-n-op--Xn-\p-IqSn CXp
\nan-am-Ip-p. hn]-Wn-bpsS I-p-I-fn-eqsS
t\mp-tm ssewKnI Dt-PI acp-p-I-fpsS
hn]-Wnsb kPo-h-am-mw F \ CXn\p-]nnep-m-bncn-mw. Fm sshbn-I-hpw kmapln-I-hp-amb ImgvN-mSn CsXmcp henb {Iqc-Xbm-Wv. If--c-ln-Xhpw kz-hp-amb ssewKn-IX
A\p-`-hn-p-hm hyn-Isf k-Xn-p-n-sXv Ah-tcmSv sNp {IqcX; A-kw-Xr]vX
ssewKn-IX
- b
- n \np-m-Ip Ip-Ir-Xy-f
- m
kaqls s]mdp-Xn-ap-n-p-p-shXv kaq-ltmSv sNp {Iqc-X.
Po In t_m Fgp-Xp-p: ""hkv-Xp-hc-W
- ns A\--c^
- e
-
- f
- n-sem-mWv
ssewKnIXbnepw A`n-\n-th-i-nepw AXv
sNepp kzm[o-\w F Imcy-n kwi-ban-. ]c-ky-fnse ssewKn-IX [mn-I-amb
]cn-t{]-y-n ]e-tmgpw hnain-s-Sm-dpv. AsX!- e-bn-m-Xpw Ipn-Isf sXp-I-fntev \bn-p--Xp-amb \nc-h[n kwK-XnI ]cky--fn-ep-v. Fm ]c-ky--fnse ssewKnIX CXn-t\-m A]-I-S-I-c-amb Hcp ^ew IqSnbp-m-pp. D-X-amb ssewKn-I-Xsb \nm-ch-cn-pI-bpw _--fn A[n-jvTn-X-am-p-Xn\p ]Icw hmn-n-pI-bpw sNbv-Xp-sImv
bYmY cXnv ]Icw B-m-cm-[-\-bmWv AXv
D]m-Zn-n-p--Xv. AXv Xn-Isf D]m-Zn-npp F-Xn-t\-m A]-I-S-I-c-amWv ssewKnI-Xsb Ir{Xn-a-am-p-Ibpw kzbw AXv A\p-`-hnm Ign-bp-ntmsb t_m[apm-p-Ibpw
sNp-p-sh-X
- v.''(19)
s]ns\ Hcp I-h-S-h-kvXphpw Ah-fpsS
ku-cys tIhew Hcp "Ncpw' am{X-am-nop am-nwKv X{-sfpdnv
s]]hm-Zn-Itm s]s-gp-pIm-tm
bm-sXmpw ]d-bm-\n-s--XmWv Gsd hn-Nn-{Xw.
kv{XoI-p-t\-sc-bp Ip-Ir-Xy- h[n-

ppshXp am{X-a ]c-ky-hn-]Wn

s]p-tfmSp sN-p A{Iaw; AhfpsS hynXzw Xocp-am-\n-p-Xv
AhfpsS N-am-sW [mc-Wb
- p-mp-Ibpw Nku-cy-ns am{Xw
ASnm-\-n- s]ns\ Af-p
Ah-b
- p-m-n-op-Ibpw
sNpp-sh-X
- mWv AXv s]n-t\mSv
sNp- Ghpw hen-b ]mX-Iw. amXrXzs ]m]-am-bn-Im-Wp- kwkvI
- m-cns Dd-hnSw Ah-fnse ssewKn-IX
am{Xw ImWp coXn-bpsS Dt]m]-am-Wv. amXr-Xzhpw hm[-Iy-hpsa-mw
Ah-fpsS sXmen-b-g-Ins\ _m[n-p-sa-Xn-\m Ah-sbmw D]m-Z\
- ]
- c
- a
- m-X
- mbno-p, apX-em-fn-ns \nL-phn-. Hw-Xs
Ahv ssewKn-IX Bkz-Zn-m\mhm Ah--bp-m-pIbpw
sNpp ]ckyhn]Wn. hkvXp-{]-[m\-amb ssew-Kn-IX-b-, hnImckm{amb ssewKn-I-X-bmWv s]a-\-n-\pw
ico-c
- n\pw Bhiysa-X
- n-\m
Xs cXnsb hkvXp-hI-cn-sSp kmaq-ly kwhn-[m-\-n
kv{Xov bYm-cq-]-n AXv BkzZnm-\m-hn-. ]c-ky-hn-]Wn s]hn-cp-am-sWv PoIn-t- _m-Wn-s\-t]m-ep-h ]d-bp--Xns Imc-Whpw asm-.
]-c-ky- h-gn s]-p-S-en-s\ h-kvXp-h-Xv--cn-p-Ibpw X-\n-v B-kz-Znm-\p- H-cp D-]-Ic-Ww am-{X-am-bn
]p-cp-j A-Xn-s\ a-\-n-em-m
Xp-S
- p-Ibpw sN-bvX
- X
- m-Wv Ah-sf
t\-Sn-sb-Sp-m F-p am-K-hp-ap-]-tbmKn-m-sa-v I-cp-Xp--Xn-te-v Ba-\n-s\ \-bn--sX-pamWv Cu ]T-\-sfmw a-\-n-em-n--cp-Xv. s]ico-c-n-s km-ao-]yhpw kv-]-ihpw
c-Xn-bp-am-kz-Zn-p-hm km-[n-m-hpw kz-w s]-n \n-p- c-Xnbn kw-Xr-]v-Xn e-`n-m--hpw
th-n ap-X-em-fn-w Xp-d-n- hm-Xn-epIfn-sem-m-Wv ssewKn-I {]-Z-i\
-
- ntXv. ]p-cpj-s\ {]-tem-`n-n-p
ssewKn-I {]-Z-i-\--fp-sS hm-Xn-epI Xp-dp-sIm-m-Wv G-jy
cm-Py-sf X--p ssew-Kn-Imkzm-Z\
- tI-{-f
- m-n-o-m km{am-PyXzw sI-Wn-I Xo-Xv. C-S-a-dpIv X-s a-te-jy A-\p-`-h- hn-h-

ssew-Kn-Im-\p-`q-Xn-sb
\n-W-bn-p-
am-\-kn-Ihpw kmw-kv-Imcn-I-hpam-b k-hn-ti-j-XIfpw ssh-b-n-Iam-b
C-m-\n---fp-samw
c-Xn-hy-hkm-b hn-]-WnA-Xn-s \n-e-\n-n-\pth-n D-]-tbm-K-s-Spp-Im-e-L--n-em-Wv
\mw Po-hn-p--Xv.

2013 s^{_phcn

16

cn-p-tm tlm- ap-dn-bn-sen-b H-cp GP v

X-s ssew-Kn-I-X I-v B-kz-Zn-m-\m-bn -Wn kw`-hw hn-h-cn-p-pv. c-Xn-bn X-\n-v
Xm-]c
- y-an-s-v A-dn-b
- t- m A-bm tNm-Zn-Xm-bn C-S-a-dp-Iv F-gp-Xpp: ""kv-{Xo-]pcp-j _-w
t\-cn-pI-v B-kz-Zn-mw. A-Xn-\p- shdpw A-p
tUm-f-td-bpp. \m-bbpw kv-{Xobpw X-n-ep
ssew-Kn-I_-w Im-W-W-sa-n ]-p tUmf.
H-dm-v-H-m-\pw (H-cpX-cw B-p-cv) s]pw
X-n-ep- _-w Im-W-tWm? A-Xn\pw -e-apv ]s, ]-Xn\-v tUm-f sIm-SpWw''(20)
ssew-Kn-IZ- r-iy-f
- p-sS {]-Zi-\w ]u-cmWn-I
kw-kv-Im-c--fn ]-e-Xnepw \n-e-\n-n-cp-p-shnepw C--tXp-t]m-se A-Xn-s hym-]-I-h-Xvc-Ww ap-smpw X-s-bp-m-bn-n. A-Sn
am-[y-a
- f
- n-eq-sS-bp t]m-tWm-{K-^n em-`w sImp- G-m-Sm-sW-v a-\
- n-em-bt- Xm-sS t-t_mbv am-K-kn-\p-I-fp-sS th-en-tb-w X-s-bp-mbn,
ap-X-em-fn- cm-Py--fn. kn-\n-abpw sen-hn-j
ko-cn-bn-ep-Ifpw c-Xn-bp-sS ]--bm-bXpw Am-Xpam-b Zr-iy-hX
-
v- c
- W
- a
- p-sm-p-h
- b
- m-btm kzo-I-c-W-ap-dn-I-fn sh-pX-s ssewKnI
ssh-Ir-X
- B-kz-Zn-m-sa- A-h
b
- p-mbn.
A-ta-cn- am-[y-a-`o-a-amcmb ssSw hm-W
I--\n-v tIm-Sn--W-n-\v tUm-f-dn-s h-cp-am-\-amWv t]m-tWm-{K-^n Nm-\-ep-I h-gn e-`np-sImn-cn-p-Xv. \yq-tbm-v G-cn-b-bn C-cp]-Xv
e-hpw sam--n H-t-Im tIm-Snbpw h-cnm-cp- ssSw-hm-W tI-_n s\-vh-v 2010
]p-Xp-Xm-bn F-v Nm-\-ep-I Iq-Sn ssew-Kn-I-Zr-iy-p-th-n am-{X-am-bn Xp-S-m t]m-Ip-p-sh hm-
l-jm-ch-t- fm-sS-bm-Wv A-ta-cn-
bp-hXzw kzo-I-cn--Xv.(21) Hmtcm B-gv-N-bnepw A-tacn--bn-\n-v 211 ]pXnb t]m-tWm-{K-^n-Iv kn-\na-I ]p-d
- n-d
- p-p-s-m-Wv I-W
- p-I
hy--am-p-Xv.(22) C-Xv ap-X-em-fn--n-s kn-cmtI-{am-b A-ta-cn-b
- p-sS am{Xw I-W
- mWv.
bq-tdm-]y \m-Sp-Ifpw G-jy \m-Sp-If
- p-samw

]p-d-p-hn-Sp ssew-Kn-Im`m-k kn-\n-aI-fp-sS IW-v Iq-Sn Iq-p-tm

am{Xta Hmtcm Zn-h-khpw ]p-d-n-dp-Xv F-{X-am{Xw A-]I
- S- I
- c
- am-b
"Zr-iy-hn-cpp'I-fm-sW-v a-\
- n-em-hq.
1969 t]m-tWm-{K-^n-sb B-Zy-am-bn
\n-ba
- h
- n-t[-ba
- mn-b sU-am-n-s
]m-X ]n-]-n-sm-v B F-s\
\-in-mepw Xp-Wn-bp-cnpw c-Xn-Zr-iy Im-Wnpw ]-W-ap-m-m-\p-
]pXn-b am-K- tX-Sn-sm-n-cn-p-Ibm-Wv ap-Xe
- m-fn temI-s cm-Py-sfmw X-s.
C-s\-n-s B-Ka
- \
- t- m-sS
Bpw F-hn-sS-shpw t]m-tWm-{K^n B-kz-Zn-m-sa- A-h- kw-Pm-Xambn. 2011 Unkw_dnse IWpI
{]Imcw 36,68,48,493 sh_vsskpIfpw
314.6 tImSn C.sabn hn-emkfpap hensbmcp temIamWv
Cs\ntXv. sshm\nI
hnkvt^mS\samWv C-
- s
- \-ns
temIspdnv ]dbmdpsXnepw
AXv Cv Ghpa[nIw
D]tbmKnsSpXv hfcp
Xeapdsb XnaIfntep
\bnphm\pw Xetmdns\
hmWnPyhcnpXn\pw
thnbmWv. BsIbp
sh_vsskpIfn ]{v
iXam\tmfw ]bmb ssewKnIX
{]ZinnphbmWv. t]mtWm{Km^nIv sh_vsskpI Fv
kzbw hnfnph IqSmsX
FssSsapw, am{Sn-tam-Wn-b,
tUnwKv XpSnb Xesn\p Iosg
ssewKnIXbntev \bnp

Nq-j-W-n-e-[n-jvTn-Xamb ap-X-em-fn-hpw
]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xyhpw
_--s-v \n-e-\n-p A-k-a-Xz--fm-Wv
c-Xn-hy-h-km-b-n-s
`u-Xn-Im-Sn-d. B-tKm-fX-e-n c-Xn-hy-h-km-bn-s {]-[m-\-tI-{fm-b {]-tZ-i--fp-sS
N-cn{Xw C-Xn-\p-
sX-fn-hmWv.

2013 s^{_phcn

17

sskpIfpsS Fw C-Xnepw F{Xtbm

A[nIamWv. sh_vsskpIfn tkv
sNsSpXn 25 iXam\hpw t]m--tWm{Km^nbmWv F IWv \Ip `ojWamb
Adnhv hnm\hnkvt^mS\a, {]XypX [m--anIIbmWv CXv sImv Dmhm
t]mIpXv Fv hyamppv. Cs\v
D]tbmKnp 15 apX 17 hsc
hbpInSbnephcn 80 iXam\w
t]mtWm{K^n sskpI
kinphcmsWpw Acm Ccw
sskpI kinphm XpSpXv icmicn
]Xns\mmw hbnemsWpap nXn
hnhcWpI sRnnphbmWv. Hmtcm
sknepw 28,258 t] Cs\v
t]mtWm{K^n BkzZnptm AXv hnv
ImimphcpsS taihennsepXv 3075.64
tImSn tUmfdmsWmWv IWv. Hmtcm
Znhkhpw 27 tImSntbmfw tUmf (1328 tImSn
Cy cq]) Iymadp apn shv
XpWnbgnph kmZnptm
kaqlns [manIXbmWv bYmYn
Agnpt]mIpsXpw AXphgn DmIm
t]mIp Zpcw IWp
IqmhpXnepapdamsWpap hkvXpXpI
Fmhcpw hnkvacnpIbmWv sNpXv.
ssew-Kn-IX
- b
- p-sS ]-b
- m-b B-hn-jvI
- m-ca
- p-
kn-\n-a-I-sfbpw sh_v-ssk-p-I-sfbpw am-{X-sa
t]m-tWm-{K-^n-Iv F- hn-ti-jt- m-Sp-Iq-Sn ]-cma-in-m-dpq. ]p-d-n-d-p- kn-\n-a-I-fnepw
ko-cn-b-ep-I-fnepw ssew-Kn-I-am-bn D-t-Pn-n-p-
X-cw Zr-iy-f
- nm-h
- hf-sc A-]qham-sW-v
B cwK-s ]T-\- hy--am-pp.(23) t]mtWm-{K-^n-Iv kn-\n-aI
- s
- fbpw sh_vs
- sk-p-It- fbpw
A-t]-n-v A-]I-Sw Ip-d--h-bm-Wv C-cw kn\n-abpw Km-\-Zr-iy--fp-sa-m-Wv s]m-Xphm-b hn-ebn-cp--se-nepw b-YmY-n h-kvXp-X A-X.
]-c-ky-am-bn t]m-tWm-{K-^n {]-Jym-]n-p- krn-I hy-n-I-fp-sS kz-Im-cy-X-Ifntem A-Xn-\pth-n am-{X-am-bp- Iq-m-bva
- I
- fntem am-{X-am-bm-Wv
{]-Z-in-n-s
- -Sp-s
- X-n ssew-Kn-Ih
- n-Imc-s
D-t-Pn-n-p- A[\--cw-K-fpw Npw-_-\-Zriy-fpw Km-\-\r- {]-Z-i-\--fp-samw ImWp-Xv Ip-Spw-_w H-cp-an-n-cp-mWv. sN-dn Ip-n-Ifn h-sc C-sXmpw sX--s t_m-[w h-f-cm
C-Xv Im-cW
- a
- m-Ipp. h-fs
- c-tb-sd Zq-ch
- ym-]I
- am-b
{]-Xym-Lm-X--fm-Wv C-Xph-gn D-m-hp-I. a-sf
_-em-w-Kw sN-p- ]n-Xm-fpw ]-c-kv]-cw In-S-d-I ]-n-Sp- k-tlm-Z-cnk-tlm-Z-c-mcpw Dm-hp-Xv Cu-sbm-cp [m--an-I-]-cn-k-c-p-\nmWv. H-n-n-cp-v ssew-Kn-I-X B-kz-Zn-p--hv H-n-p-In-S-p-Iq-tS-sb-v A-h-cp-sS A--cw-Kw

tNm-Zn-p-tm k-tlmZ-co]p{Xo _-fpw km-aq-ly-ac

- ym-ZI
- f
- p-samw
A-h-cp-sS ap-n A-{]-Xy--am-hpp.
Iu-am-c{- ]m-b
- n-ep-h
- Ip-h
- m-fn-If
- mbn-o-cp- km-l-N-cy-n-\v I-f-sam-cpp-Xv ssewKn-tIm-t-P\
-
- n-\v Im-cW-am-Ip- Zr-iy-f
- p-sm-p-
kn-\n-aI
- fpw ko-cn-be
- p-If
- p-am-sW-
h-kvXp-X \n-tj-[n-m I-Sp- ap-Xem-fn- ]--]m-Xn-Ip-t]mepw I-gnbn. Z-ln ]o-U-\-t-kn-se {]-XnIfn-sem-cm-v {]m-b]
- q-n-bm-bn-nspw A-bm-fm-Wv C-ct- bm-Sv G-hpw
{Iq-c-am-bn s]-cp-am-dn-b-sX-p-ap- h-kvXp-XI Hm-pI.
ssew-Kn-Im-I-jW
-
- n-sbpw ssewKn-Im-Xn-{I-a
- n-sbpw Po-hi
- m-kv{Xw
Iq-Sn a-\-n-em-p-tm-gm-Wv s]-n-s\
Hcp "N-cv' am-{X-am-n-o-p- ap-Xem-fn-w F-s
- \-bm-Wv s]-]o-U\
- I-YI
- f
- n-se hn-\m-bn-o-cp-s
- X-v
\-ap-v Ir-Xy-am-bn a-\-n-em-hp-I.
ssew-Kn-Im-`n-\n-th-ia
- p-m-p tlmtam-Wm-Wv sS-kvt- m-kvs-tdm. kv{- XoIpw ]p-cp-j-am-p-samw ssewKn-I-Xm-]-cyhpw A-`n-\n-th-i-h-ap-mp-Xv C-tX tlm-tam X-sbmWv. ]p-cp-j-\n hr-j-W-fpw
kv{- Xo-bn A-m-ib
-
- f
- p-amWv Cu
tlm-tam D-Xv]
- m-Zn-n-p-Xv.
F-m {]m-b-]q-nbm-b H-cp s]i-co-cw D-Xv-]m-Zn-n-p--Xn-s ]-nc-n
sS-tm-kv--tdm H-cp B i-co-cw

sIm-tm-e-sbtmebp- GXm\pw I-\nI ]sm-]-Xmw

\qm-ns Ah-km-\n Xs ]c-ky-fn s]Nn-{X-
D]-tbm-Kn-m XpS-nbn-cp-p. 1940-I-fpsS
Ah-km-\-am-b-tm-tgv
senhn-j-\p-Ifpw
AXnse Zriy]c-kyfpw temIw Im-Wm
XpS-n.

2013 s^{_phcn

18

DXv]m-Zn-n-p-pv. ]p-cp-j-am-v Iq-Sp-X

ssew-Kn-Im-`n-\n-th-ia
- p-m-hp-Xv CXp-sIm-msW-v ]T-\- hy--am-n-bn-pv. _m-lyamb
ssew-Kn-Ik
-
- -Z
- f
- p-m-hp-tm X-et- m-dn-se
ssl-tm-Xe
- m- a
- kv, sKm-Wt- Sm-t{Sm-n dn-eo-knw-Kv
tlm-tam (GnRH) ]n-yq-dn {K-n-bn-te-v Ab-pp. A-tm ]n-yq--dn-bn-\n-v DXv]m-Zn-n-s-Sp tlm-fn-n kv-n-ap-te-nw-Kv tlm-tamWn-s\-bpw (FSH) eqn-ss\-knw-Kv tlm-tam-Wn-s\bpw (LH) Iq-Sn-bm-Wv sKmWm-tUm-t{Sm-n-\p-I Fp ]-d-bp-Xv. c--n-te-v I-e-cp LH hr-W-n-se-p-Ib
- pw A-tm sS-kvt- m-kv
- t- dm
DXv]mZ-\w \-S-p-Ibpw sN-p-p. C-Xv enwK-s
D--cn-p-I-bpw A-Xn-\n-v Iu-t]-gv-kv {k-hw
]p-d-p-h-cp--Xn-\v \n-an--am-hp-Ibpw sN-pp.
sS-tm-kv--tdm DXv]mZ-\w A-Xn-s ]m-c-ay-nse-n-bm ]n-yq-dn {Kn LH D-Xv]mZ-\w \np-Ibpw ssew-Kn-I_-w \-S-p--Xph-sc c-n-se sS-tm-kv--tdm tXm-Xv \n-e-\n-pIbpw sN-pp. LH t\m-sSm-w DXv]m-Zn-n--s
FSH C-tX-ka-bw X-s hr-j-W-n-se-n ip-tmXv]
- m-Z\-s {]-tNm-Zn-n-p-Ib
- m-Wv sN-p-Xv. sStm-kv--tdm DXv]m-Zn-n-p- tUm-]-an-\mWv F cm-k-h-kv-Xp- ssew-Kn-Im-`n-\n-th-ihpw kp-Jhpw
{]-Zm-\w sN-p--Xn-\v \n-an--am-Ip-Xv. c-Xn-aq-Obn-se-n ssew-Kn-I_-w A-h-km-\n-p--tXm-SpIq-Sn am-{X-am-Wv tUm-]-an A-f-hp- Ip-d-bp-Ibpw
enw-Kw ]qhm-h--bn-te-v a-S-p-Ibpw sN-p-Xv.(24) ssew-Kn-I-am-bn D-t-Pn-n--s-Sp-Ibpw c-Xnaq-O kw-`-hn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sN-p-tm tUm]-an Af-hp Ip-d-bm-sXX-s i-co-c-n \n-e\n-p-Ibpw sS-tm-kv
- t- dm D-]t- bm-Kn-s
- -SmsX A-h-ti-jn-p-Ibpw sNp-I kzm-`m-hn-I-amWv.
ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS A-Xn-{]k-cw \n-e-\n-p-
C-s km-aq-lym-h--bn ]p-cp-j i-co-c-n
sS-tm-kv
- t- dm DXv]mZ-\w X-Ir-Xn-bm-bn \-S
- pIbpw F-m A-Xn-s {]-Ir-Xn-]-cam-b D-]-t`m-Kw
kw-`-hn-m km-l-N-cy- A-\p-h-Zn-m-
n-Xn-bp-am-Wp-Xv. ]p-cp-ji
- c
- o-c
- n sS-tm-kv-tdm A-Sn-p-Iq-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv ssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{]-kc
- n-s ^-e-sa-Yw.
ssew-Kn-Im`n-\n-th-iw kr-n-p-t- Xm-sSm-w
X-s Ip--hm-k-\pw \n-an--am-Ip-Xv sS-tmkv
- t- dm tlm-tam-Wn-s km-n[yw aq-ea
- m-sWv ]T-\- hy--am-n-bn-pv.(25) Fp-sImm-Wv ]p-cp-j-am-cn Ip--hm-k-\ Iq-Sp-X-se
tNm-Zy-n-\v kv{- Xo-If
- p-tS-Xn-t\-m ]-nc-n
sS-tm-kv--tdm DXv]mZ-\w ]p-cp-j-am-cn \-Sp-p-s--Xpw A-Xv ]-e-tmgpw i-cn-bm-b co-Xnbn D-]t- bm-Kn-s
- -Sp-n F-X
- p-am-Wv D-c
- am-bn A-{km-h hyh-m hn-Z-Kv-[-am ]-d-bpI. ssew-Kn-I-Zr-iy--fpw F-Xn-enw-K km-ao-]yhpw

hym-]-I-am-bn-p- ap-X-em-fn- Ime-v

s]-n-\p-t\-sc-bp- A-Xn-{I-a-
Fp-sIm-v h-[np-sIm-n-cn-p-psh tNm-Zy-n-\p- Po-hi
- m-kv{- X-]c
- am-b D-cw C-Xp-Xs
- -bmWv. sS-tmkv--tdm A-an-X-am-bn DXv]m-Zn-n--sSm-\p- ap-gp-h km-l-N-cyhpw \n\n-p-Ibpw A-Xv \n-b-Xam-b co-Xnbn D-]t- bm-Kn-s
- -Sm-sX A-Sn-p-IqSp-Ibpw sN-p-Xv ]p-cp-j-am-sc
A-Xn-{I-aI
- m-cn-If
- m-p-X
- n-\v Im-cW
- a
- mbn `-hn-p-p-s- bm-YmYyw a-d-php-sIm-v \-S-p- kv-{Xo-]o-U-\
]-cnlm-c ]-cn-{ia--sfmpw hn-P-bn-pI-bn-s-v ]-db
- p-Xv AXp-sIm-m-Wv.
kv-{Xo-bp-sS A-[-\-X-v ]p-cpjs\ {]-tem`n-n-p-I-bpw A-Xn-{I-a-Im-cnbm-n-o-p-Ibpw sN-p-X
- n
K-Wy-am-b ]-p-s-v B-sc-nepw ]-dm Ah-sc B-tIm-bva
- b
- p-sS
h-m-f
- pw C-cI
- -s-Xn-sc th-
- msc k-lm-bn-p--h-cp-am-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cnp--Xn-\v ]I-cw B ]-d-bp--Xn
h-kvX
- p-Xs
- b-s-n-ep-ap-tm-sb-v At\z-jn-m\pw D-s-n B-hi
- yam-b
Xn-cp--ep-I h-cp-p-Ibpw sN-p-hm\m-Wv {]-iv-\-]-cn-lm-cw B-{K-ln-p-h k-
- a
- m-tI-Xv. _m-lyamb
ssewKn-I k--Z--fm-Wv ]p-cp-j a-kvXn-jvI
-
- n-se ssl-tm-Xe
- m-ak
- n-s\
sS-kvt- m-kv
- t- dm DXv]m-Zn-n-m-\m-hiyam-b \n-tZ-i
- \-Ip-X
- n-\v
t{]-cn-n-p--sX-v ]-d-p-h-tm.
Iv, ImXv, \mhv, aqv, Xz-v F-o

^v-j-W ams-nwKv
dntkm-W-kv Cta-Pnw-Kpw
(FMRI) FIvt{Sm Fkn^m-tem-{K-^n-bpw
(ECG)samw D]-tbm-Knv
Fs\ D]-t`mIv-Xr- a\ns\ Iog-S-m-sav
]Tn-p Hcp sshm\nI-imJ- X-s-bp-v.
\yqtdm am-nw-Kv (Neuro
Marketing) FmWv CXv
Adn-b-s-Sp--Xv.

2013 s^{_phcn

19

]-t-{n-b
- f
- n-eq-sS-bm-Wv _mly-tem-Is
- -p-dnv X-e-tm-dv A-dn-bp-Xv. ]p-cpj-\v ssew-Kn-Iam-b
B-{K-lw P-\-n-p-Ibpw D-t-Pn-n-p-Ibpw sNp- H-ma-s C-{n-bw I-mWv. kv{Xo ku-cy-n-s Imgv-N h-gn am{Xw X-s ]pcp-j i-co-cn sS-tm-kv
- t- dm DXv]m-Zn-n-s
- -Sp-Ib
- pw
enw-tKm-mc-Ww kw`-hn-p-Ibpw Iu-t]-gv-kv
{k-hw ]p-d-p-h-cn-I-bp-samw sN-pw. ]p-cpj-s\
{]-tem`n-n-p- {]-[m-\-s- tI{w I-m-sWn C-Xn-\p-ka
- m-\am-b kv{- Xo-bp-sS tI-{-
ImXpw Xz-p-amWv. X-\n-v C--s--bm-fp-sS irwKm-cw tIpIbpw kv]
- -ita-p-Ibpw
sNptm-gm-Wv kv-{Xo-i-co-c-n ]p-cpj-\v kv{Xo
ku-cyw Im-Wp-tm-gp-m-hp-X
- n-\v k-am-\am-b
am-
- f
- p-m-hp-Xv. kv{- Xo-\
- X
- bpw A-[\
-
- X
- bp-samw t-\m-p-n-S--fn-sem-ap- ap-X-em-fn km-aq-ly-{I-a-n ]p-cp-j A-{I-an-bm-bn-ocp-p-sh-n A-Xn-v in-n-t-Xv Ah-sc am{X-a-spw A-Xn-v Ah-s\ t{]-cn-n-p- km-aqly-{I-as
- -q-Sn-bm-sWpw ]-db
- p-Xv F-s
- \bm-Wv th-
- m-c\
- p-th-n-bp- th-Zm-a
- m-bn-o-cp-X.v
h-kv{- X-[m-cW
- s
- -bpw [m-an-IX
- s
- bbpw kw-_n- C-kv-eman-I \n-b-a--sfmw Im-e-l-c-W-s-Xm-sW-v k-aYn-m ]-cn-{i-an-v {]-bm-k-s-Sp-h t]mepw h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-n-se am-\y-X-sbn kw-km-cn-p--Xn-se-n-bn-cn-p- km-l-N-cyn-epw, C-kv-eman-I h-kv-{X-[m-cW-s A-]-l-knm e`n-p- A-h-k-c--sfmw D-]-tbm-Kn-v
ap-X-em-fn- a-kv-Xnjv-I {]-m-f-\-n-\v hn-t[bamb s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-n-s I-Sn t\-Sm {i-anp- Nn-e a-tX-X-c _p-n-Po-hn-I-fpv. A-h-v
A-tcm-NI
- a
- m-bn tXm-m-sa-n-epw, h-kv{- X-[m-cW
- n-se am\y-X X-s-bm-Wv kv{- Xo-]o-U\
-
-
Cm-sX-bm-p-X
- n-s {]m-Ya
- n-I]
- S- n-sb- h-kvXpX Dd-s ]-d-tb- ka-bw X-s-bm-WnXv. kv-{Xosb N-c-m-bn B-]-Xn-n-p- ap-X-em-fn- kw-kvIm-ct- m-Sv X-s h-kv{- Xw-sIm-v X-s I-el
- np-h
- f
- mI-Ww ap-kvenw kv{- Xo-sb-m-Wv
IzpB ]Tn-n-p-Xv. ap-Jhpw ap-Ipw
am{Xw ]pd-v Im-Wp- A-b- h-kv{Xw [-cn-v
Rm-s\mcp "N-c-'spw khi-s hn-\oXbm-b Zm-kn-bm-sWpw hn-fn-p-]d
- b
- p-Ibpw
F-{XX-s {]-tem`n-n--s-mepw ap-X-em-fn-n-s sI-Wn-bn-eI
- s
- -Sm-Xn-cn-m ssZhn-I
\n-b-a--fp-sS ]-cn-N-bp-]-tbm-Kn-v Xm {i-anpsIm-n-cn-p-sa-v h-kv{- X-[m-cW
-
- n-eq-sS {]-Jym]n-p-Ibpw sN-p--h-fm-Wv ap-kvenw kv-{Xo.
ln-Pm-_v [-cn-m-\p- IzpB\n-I I-]-\-bn
BZyw ]-d-bpXv "A-h Xn-cn--dn-b-s-Sm A-XmWpaw' F-m-sW- Imcyw {i-t-ba
- mWv. Im-a{`m--am-v I-Sn-p-Iodmt\m ]q-hm-e-am-v

kv-]-i-tcm-Kw i-an-nmt\m I--h-Sm-v DXv]-- hn--gnmt\m

D- tI-h-e h-kv-Xp-h Xm-s\pw
Am-lp-hn-s \n-b-a--fp-sS io-X-fn-abn A-h A-\p-h-Zn- kzmX{yw
B-kz-Znpw A-\p`-hnpw I-gn-bp- hn\o-Xbmb ssZ-hZ- m-kn-bm-Wv Xm-s\-pw
Xn-cn-d
- n-bm \n-an-a
- m-hp-sa-X
- m-Wv
ap-kvenw kv-{Xo-bp-sS h-kv-{X-sa-Yw.
F-n\mWv C-kve
- m-an-Iam-b h-kv{- X[m-c-W-sa tNm-Zy-n-\v IzpB
\-Ip- c-ma-s a-dp]Sn "A-h
A-{I-an-s
- -Sm-Xn-cn-m' F-m-Wv.
]p-cpj-s\ {]-tem-`n-n-p- h-kv-{X Ah-s\ A-{I-a-Im-cn-bm-n-om-sa-v ]T-\- n-co-I-cn-
Cpw Cu IzpB\n-I \n-tZi-s
I-fn-bm-p--h-cpv. ssewKn-I a-\ximkv{- X-sbpw ssew-Kn-IX
- b
- p-sS c-kX
- {-sbpw Ip-dn-v c-m-bn-cm-am-n-\pti-jw F-gp-X-s- B-[n-Imcn-I {K--tf-sX-nepw hm-bn-W
- s
- a-p am-{Xam-Wv A--cm-tcm-Sv \-ap-v hn-\o-X-ambn A-`yYn-m-\p-Xv. Cu IzpB
I-]\-sb _-es
- -Sp-p-X
- m-Wv
]pXn-b ]T-\--sfmw F- h-kv-XpXsb \n-tj-[n-m I-S-v C-cp-m-p-h-m-sX B-m-Wv I-gnbp-I?
Am-lp ]-d-bpp: ""\_ntb, \ns
]Xv\namtcmSpw ]p-{XnamtcmSpw kXyhnizm-knIfpsS kv{- XoItfmSpw Ah
XfpsS aqSp]S-
- XfpsS-ta
XmgvnbnSm ]dbp-I: Ah XncndnbsSphm\pw, A-s\ Ah ieyw
sNsSmXncnphm-\pw AXmWv
Ghpw A\p-tbmPyamb-Xv. Amlp
Gsd s]mdpph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpam-Ipp.'' (Izp-B 33:59)

]c-ky- aX-am-bn-ocp- kaq-l-ns

]cn-Wn-Xn-sb-sv
]cn-tim-[n--W-sa-n
Ata-cn-
kaq-l-ns Ah
am{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-m
aXn. Ip-Ir-Xy--fpsS
IpXn-p-I-bw A-hnsS
Hcp hm-tb-b-.
hfp hcp
]ucam-cnse Ip-hmk\I Ata-cn- kaql-ns `mhn-sb-n
Ccp Nn{X-am-Wp-mp-X
- v.

2013 s^{_phcn

20

kv{Xokucyw A\yv Bkz-Zn-p-hmt\m

Bkz-Zn-n-p-hmt\m thn-bp-X
- s
- -mWv
Ckvem-ans \ne-]m-Sv. ku-cy-ap-]-tbm-Kn-p-sImp am--nwKv AXp-sImv Ckvemw A\p-hZn-p-n-. ""(\_ntb) \o kXyhnizmknItfm-Sv
AhcpsS ZrjvSnI Xmgv-phm\pw,
Kplymhbh Impkqnphm-\pw
]dbpI. AXmWv Ahv Gsd
]cnipambnpXv. Xobmbpw A-mlp
Ah {]hnpXns\n kqvaambn
Adnbph-\mIpp. kXyhnizmkn\nItfmSpw
AhcpsS Zr-jvSnI Xmgvp-hm\pw AhcpsS
Kp-lymhbh Impkqnphm-\pw, AhcpsS `wKnbn \nv {]Xy--ambsXmgnv asmpw
shfnsSp-m-Xncnphm\pw \o ]dbpI.
AhcpsS a\I IpmbamdpIv aosX
Ah XmgvnbnpsIms. AhcpsS
`mam, AhcpsS ]nXm, AhcpsS
`Xr]nXm, AhcpsS ]p{X-am, AhcpsS
`Xr]p{Xam, AhcpsS ktlmZcam,
Ahcp-sS ktlmZc]p{Xam, AhcpsS ktlmZco ]p{Xam, apkvenw-Ifn \np
kv{XoI, AhcpsS hewssII DS-asSpnbh (ASnaI), ssewKnIm-kIvXn
Dhcm ]pcpjamcmb ]cnNmcI,
kv{XoIfpsS clky a\nemnbnnm
Ipn-I Fn-hscmgnv ampw XfpsS `wKn
Ah shfns-SpcpXv. X adp shp
XfpsS Aemcw Adnb-sSp-hm thn
Ah ImenSnp-I-bpw sNcpXv. kXyhnizmknItf, \n-sfmhcpw Amlphntev tJZnpaSpI. \n hnPbw {]m]nt-mw.'' (IzpB 24:30,31)
A\y-]p-cp-jamsc BIjn-p--Xn\p
thn-bp Fm hkv{Xme-m-cfpw DS-bm-SIfpw irwKm-c--fp-sa-mw Ckvemw \ntcm-[n-p.
{]hm-NI
- ]
- X
- v\
- n-am-tcm-Smbn Izp-B I]n-p
Imcy- Fm hnizm-kn-\n-Ipw _m[-I-amWv. ""{]hmNI ]Xv\n-amtc, kv{Xo-Ifn ap
Bsctmsebpa \n. \n [\n-jvT
]menp-pshn \n (A\ytcmSv) A\p\b kzcn kwkmcncpXv. Atm-
lrZbn tcmKaph\v tamlw tXmntbpw. \ymbamb hmv \n- ]dp
sImpI. \n \nfp-sS hoSpIfn
ASngnbpIbpw sN-pI. ]gb APvRm\Imes ku-cy{]IS\w t]mep
kucy{]IS\w \n \ScpXv. \n
\akvImcw apdt]mse \nhlnpIbpw, kImv \IpIbpw Amlpshbpw Ahs
ZqXs\bpw A\pkcnp-Ibpw sNpI.
({]hmNIs) hopImtc! \nfn \n-v

amen\yw \onIfbphm\pw, \n-sf

icnbmbn ipoIcnphm\pw am{XamWv Amlp DtinpXv.'' (IzpB 33:32,-33)
hy`n-Nm-cs alm-]m-XI
- a
- m-bmWv
Ckvemw ImWp-X
- v. kXy-hn-izm-kn-IfpsS kz`m-h-s-Ip-dnv ]cm-ainsh Izp-B ]d-bpp:
""AmlpthmsSm-w thsdsbmcp
ssZhsbpw hnfnp
{]mYnmhcpw, Amlp ]hn{Xamn shnp Pohs\ \ym-bamb ImcWmemsX l\np Ifbmhcpw,
hy`nNcnm-hcpamIpp Ah. B
Imcy hh\pw sNp ]w
Ah ]m]^ew IspI Xs
sNpw.'' (Izp-B 25:68)
C_v\p akv-DuZv \nth-Z-\w.
Rm \_n-tbmSv tNmZn-p: GXmWv
Ghpw henb ]m]w? Ahn-Spv ]dp: \n-s kr-jvSn cn-Xm-hn\v
\o ka-m-sc-bp-m-. Rm
hopw tNmZnp, ]nstbm? AhnSpv ]d-p: \ns IqsS `Ww
Ignp-sa `b-m \o \ns
km-\s h[n-. Rm hopw
tNmZn-p. ]nstbm? Ahn-Spv
]dp: \ns Abm-cs
`mcysb \o hy`n-N-cn-.(26)

kv{XoI-p-t\-scbp Ip-Ir-Xy-
h[n-ppshXp
am{X-a ]c-ky-hn-]Wn
s]p-tfmSp
sN-p A{Iaw;
Ah-fpsS hynXzw
Xocp-am-\n-p-Xv
AhfpsS N-a-am-sW
[mc-W-bp-m-p-Ibpw
N-aku-cy-ns
am{Xw ASnm-\-n-
s]ns\ Af-p
Ah--bp-m-nop-Ibpw
sNpp-sh--XmWv
AXv s]n-t\mSv
sNp- Ghpw
hen-b ]mX-Iw.

Pm_n _v\p kapd \nth-Z-\w

sNp ZoL-amb lZoYn Cs\
ImWm-hp-X
- m-Wv... Ans\ R
ASpp t]mse-bp Hcp km[-\-ns-b-Sp-s-n. AXn-\-Ip \nv
\ne-hn-fn-Ifpw i_vZ tImem-l-fpw
tIm-am-bn-cp-p. R AXn-tev
t\mn AXn \ndsb \-cmb
2013 s^{_phcn

21

kv{Xo ]pcp-j-m-cm-bn-cp-p. Xmgv`m-Kp \nv

hcp Xozm-e-I Ahsc Icn-p-tm
Ah Al-knv \ne-hn-fn-p-am-bn-cp-p. Rm
tNmZnp Ch-cmcm-Wv? Ah \_n-tbmSv aptmv
\S-p-hm ]dp... Ah-km\w Ah
\_ntbmSv Fmw hni-Zo-I-cnp sImSpp
sImv ]d-p: ASpp t]mse-bp Xo
IpWvTm-c-n I kv{Xo ]pcpj--m hy`n-Nm-cnIfpw hy`n-Nm-cn-Wn-I-fp-am-Wv.(27)
hy`n-Nm--c-sIp-dnp ]d-bp-tm AsXmcp
\oN-hr-nbpw ss]-im-NnI {]h-\-hp-amsWv hy-am-p-Ibpw AXn-tev ASp-np bm-sXmpw Xs sNbvXp t]mI-cp-sXv
\njvI-jn-p-Ibpw sNp-p-v, Izp-B.
""\n hy`nNmcs kao]nv t]mIcpXv.
Xobmbpw AXv Hcp \oNhrnbpw Zpjn
amKhp-am-Ip-p.'' (Izp-B 17:32)
hy`n-Nm-c-n-tev {]tem-`n-p bmsXmcp
hn[ {]h-\-fn-epw hym-]r-X-cm-h-cp-sXv
apl-Zv \_n {]tXyIw \njvIjnp.
A\ykv{Xo]p-cp-jam H-bvm-Ic
- p-sXpw
Hbvv bm{X-sN-c
- p-sXpw ssewKn-Ih
- n-Im-ctmsS ]c-kv]cw t\m-cp-sX-p-sa-mw D
{]hm-NI I]-\-I Cu Izp-B hN-\s
Fs\ {]tbm-Kh
- cnm-sa-mWv ]Tn-n-p-X.v
kh-i-s hn[n-hn-e-p-I-fn \nv hyXnN-en-p-sImv ssewKn-IX
- sb D]-tbm-Kn ktZmw
\nhm-kn-Isf \in-n--Xmbn Izp-B hy-amp-p: ""eqXzns P\X ssZhZqXamsc \ntj[np Xn. AhcpsS ktlmZc- eqXzv
AhtcmSv ]d k`w: \n- kqvaX
]menpnt? Xo-bmbpw Rm \nv
hnizkvX\mb Hcp ZqX\mIpp. AXn\m
\n Amlpsh kqnpIbpw, Fs
A\pkcnpIbpw sNphn. CXns t]cn
\ntfmSv Rm bmsXmcp {]Xn^ehpw
tNmZnpn. F\np- {]Xn^ew
temIcnXmhn \nv am{XamIpp. \n
temIcn \nv BWpfpsS ASp sNpIbmtWm? \nfpsS cnXmhv \n-v thn
krjvSnp Xnp \n-fp-sS CWIsf
hnpIfbpIbpamtWm? A, \n
AXn{IaImcn-Ifmb Hcp P\X Xs. Ah
]dp: eqtXz, \o (CXn \nv)
hncannsn Xo-bmbpw \o (\mn \nv)
]pdm-sSp-hcpsS Iqnembncnpw.
At-lw ]dp: Xobmbpw Rm \nfpsS
{]hrnsb shdpphcp-sS IqnemIpp.
At-lw {]mYn-p:) Fs cnXmth,
Fsbpw F-s IpSpw_t-bpw Ch
{]hnp sImncnpXn \nv \o

cs-Sp-tWta. Atm
Atlsbpw Atlns
IpSpw_t-bpw apgph- \mw
csSpn. ]namdn \nh-cn-
Hcp Inghn Hgn-sI. ]noSv ap-hsc
\mw XIpIfp. AhcpsS ta
\mw Hcp Xcw ag hjnnp-I-bpw
sNbvXp. XmoXv \Ish-v
e`n B ag F{X tamiw!
Xobmbpw AXn (a\pjyv)
Hcp ZrjvSm-ap-v. Fm Ahcn
A[nIt]cpw hniz-knp-hcmbn.''
(Izp-B 26:160-174)
""eqXzns\bpw (HmpI). Atlw
Xs P\XtbmSv ]d k`w: \n- Idnp sImv \oNhrn
sNpIbmtWm? \n Ima\nhrnmbn kv{XoIsf hnv ]pcpjamcpsS
ASp- sNpIbmtWm? A. \n AhnthIw ImWnp Hcp P\XbmIpp. eqXzns A\pbmbnIsf \nfpsS cmPyv \n-pw ]pdmpI,
Ah ipn ]menp Ipsd BfpIfmIpp Fp ]dXv am{Xambncpp Atlns P\XbpsS adp]Sn.
Atm Atlsbpw Atlns BfpIsfbpw \mw c-sSpn;
Atlns `mcy HgnsI. ]namdn
\nhcpsS Iq-nemWv \mw Ahsf
IWmnbXv. AhcpsS ta \mw
Hcp ag hjnpIbpw sNbvXp.
Xmo-Xv \Ishv e`n B
ag F{X-tam-iw!'' (Izp-B 27:54-58)
""As\ \psS I]\ htm- B cmPys \mw Iogv-ta adnp-Ibpw, Anbnbmbn Nqfsh CjvSnI-pI \mw AhcpsS ta
hjn-pIbpw sNbvXp. \ns
cnXmhns ASp- ASbmfw
shshbs{X (B IpI) AXv
Cu A{Ian-Ifn \nv AIseb''
(Izp-B 11:82-83)
hy`n-Nmcw kmh-{Xn-I-am-Ip kaql-nepm-hp \mi-s-Ip-dnv
apl-Zv \_n ap-dn-bnv \In-bnp-v. FbvUvkn-s\-tmsebp tcmK-fpsS hym]-\-n \np-t]mepw
]mTw- ]-Tn-n-n-m apX-em-fnw
AXns kzbwIrX A\Y-f
- m
XI-p-sIm-n-cn-p-X
- mWv \mw
Ip-sIm-n-cn-p-X
- v. kmaq-ly-[manIX Xs h-\-bnepw ssewKn-I-X-

hy`n-Nm-c-n-tev {]tem`n-p bmsXmcp hn[

{]h-\-fn-epw hym]r-X-cm-h-cp-sXv aplZv \_n {]tXyIw
\njvIjnp.
A\ykv{Xo]p-cp-jam
H-bvm-I-cp-sXpw
Hbvv bm{X-sN--cpsXpw ssewKn-I-hn-Imc-tmsS ]c-kv]cw
t\m-cp-sX-p-sa-mw
D {]hm-NI I]-\I Izp-B
hN-\sf Fs\
{]tbm-K-hcnm-samWv ]Tn-n-p--Xv.

2013 s^{_phcn

22

bnepw A[n-jvTn-X-am-bno-cp Hcp kaq-ln\pw Gsd \m ]nSn-p-\nm Ign-n-n. kmaq-ly-[man-I-X-bpsS XI km-nI

hyh--bpsS XIv Imc-W-am-tb-pw. XnbpsS B[nIyw hgn \in-n--s--h-sc-Ip-dnv
]cm-ain-p-tm Izp-B ]d-bp-Xv
{in-p-I.
""Ah `qanbneqsS kcnnv XfpsS
apphcpsS ]cy-hkm\w Fs\bmbncpp
Fv t\mpn-t? Ah Ch-tc-m IqSpX
iIvXn-bphcmbncpp. Ah `qan DgpXpa-dnpIbpw, Ch A[nhmkapdnXn-s\m
IqSpX AXn A[nhmk-apdnpIbpw
sNbvXp. \psS ZqX--am hyIvXamb
sXfnhpIfpw sImv AhcpsS ASpv
sNpIbpmbn. Fm Amlp AhtcmSv
A{Iaw sNpIbpmbnn. ]s, Ah
XtfmSv Xs A{Iaw sNpIbm-bn-cpp.
]noSv, Zpjv{]hrn sNbvXhcp-sS ]cyhkm\w
Ghpw tamiambno-p. Amlp-hns
ZrjvSm Ah \ntj[nv XpIbpw
Ahsb-n Ah ]cnlknp sImncnpIbpw sNbvXXns ^eas{X AXv.'' (Izp-B
30:-9,10)
C-y-bn \n-e\
- n-p- in-m-k{- -Zm-bn-s A-]-cym-]v-X-X-bm-Wv ssewKn-I Ip--Ir-Xy-fp-sS h-[-\-hn-\v Im-c-W-sapw s]]o-U-\n-\v i-hpw \n-jv-Ir-hpw k-a-b-_-n-X-hp-ambn in--I \-Im-\m-bm X-s A-Xv H-cp ]-cn[nh-sc \n-b-{n-m-\m-Ip-sa-p-ap- hm-Z--fpw
U--ln kw`-h-n-s ]-m--e-n D-b-ph-n-p-v. 2011 am{Xw kv{- Xo-I-s-Xn-sc-bp-
2,28,650 Ip--Ir-Xy- dn-tm-v sN--s- \-p-sS
\m-n _-em-w-Kw sN-p-h-sc h-[-in-v
hn-t[-b-am-p-Itbm A-h-cp-sS ssew-Kn-I-ti-jn a-chn-n-p-Itbm sN-p-I-sb- in--I \-S-m-nbm Ip--hm-fn-I t]-Sn-p-Ibpw Ip--Ir-Xy--fpsS F-w Np-cp-p-Ibpw sN-p-sa-m-Wv kw`-h-

n {]-Xn-tj-[n-m U-ln-bn
H-cp-an-p-IqSn-b B-q-w hn-fn-p-]-d Im-cy-fn-semv. kv{- Xo-I-sXnsc Hmtcm c-p an-\pn-epw H-cp
A-{I-a-kw`-h--sf-n-ep-ap-m-hp- H-cp
cm-Py-v X-s
- f-s
- \-bm-Wv k-am-[m-\tm-sS Po-hn-p-Is
- b- s]-Iq-
- ns tNmZyw {]-k--amWv. tI-kv c-Pn sN--s- A-{I-a-kw`-h--fn
]-p-i-X-am-\hpw \-S-Xv ]-Xn-\m-ep
h-b-n-\p-Xm-sg-bp- s]-Ip-n-I-p
t\-sc-bm-sWpw A-h-bn 93 i-X-am\w {]-Xn-Ifpw A, ap-,
k-tlm-Z-c, A-mh, A-b-hmkn,
k-l-{]-h-I, kp-lr-v XpS-n
A-h-v \-m-bn ]-cn-N-b-ap--h-cmsWpw h-kv-Xp-X-I {]-iv-\-n-s
Kuc-hw h-[n-n-pp. -A-{I-an--s-h-cn 19 i-X-am-\w t] 14\pw 18\p-anSv {]m-b-ap--hcpw A-c-i-X-am-\w t]
A--Xn-\v ap-I-fn {]m-b-ap--h-cp-amsW-m-Wv I-W-v. Hmtcm sImw I-gnbp-tmgpw F--w h-[n-p-I-bm-sX
Ip-db
- p-n-s- h-kvX
- p-Xb
- m-Wv
i-hpw \n-jv-Ir--hpam-b in--I-sfp-dn-v Nn-n-m k-am-[m-\hpw kp-cn-XX
- z-hp-am-{K-ln-p- i-cmi-cn
C-y ]uc-s\ t{]-cn-n-p--Xv.
ssewKn-I Ip-I
- r-Xy--p-
C-kve
- man-I in-m-hn-[nI-sf {]m-IrXhpw am-\-h-hn-cp--hp-sa-v ap-{Z-b-Snm ap-n \n--h t]mepw kz-w
s]-a- ]oU-\w `b-v Po-hn-t n-Xn kw-Pm-X-am-hp-tm \n-jv-Iram-b in--I-sf-p-dn-v hm-Nm-e-cm-hp-Xv Xo-b
- mbpw kzm-KX
- m-la
- mWv.
]s, in--I-sf-p-dn-p ]-d-bptm C-kvemw, B-Zy-am-bn Ip--Ir-Xy Cm-sX-bm-m-\p- km-lN
- c
- y-amWv kr-n--sXpw {]-kvXp-X km-l-Ncy-nepw Ip-w sN-p--h-sc-bm-Wv
am-Xr-Im-]c
- a
- m-bn in-n-W
- s
- a-v \n-jvI-jn--sX-p-ap- h-kv-Xp-X-I ]-etm-gpw {i-n--s-Sp-n. B
ssew-Kn-IX-sb {]-tem`n-n-m
t]m- k-Ie
- k
- m-lN
- c
- y-fp-sam-cp-nsh-n-p- H-cp k-aq-l-n tIh-ew
in-I
- \-S
- m-p-Xp-sIm-p am{Xw
s]-n-\p-t\-sc-bp- Ip-I
- r-Xy-
Cm-sX-bm-Ip-sa-v I-cp-Xm-\m-hn.
ssewKn-I Ip--Ir-Xy-sf H-tc t]m-se
t\m-n-m-Wm\pw hn-hm-tl-Xc ssew-

FbvUvkn-s\-tmsebp
tcmK--fpsS hym]-\-n
\np-t]mepw ]mTw- ]-Tn-nn-m apX-em-fnw
AXns kzbwIrX
A\Y--fm XI-psIm-n-cn-p--XmWv \mw
Ip-sIm-n-cn-p--Xv.
kmaq-ly-[man-IX Xs
h-\-bnepw ssewKn-I-Xbnepw A[n-jvTn-X-am-bnocp Hcp kaq-l-n\pw
Gsd \m ]nSn-p\nm Ign-n-n-.

2013 s^{_phcn

23

Kn-I-_-hpw {]-tNm-Z-\hpw {]-tem`-\-hp-samw

sX-m-sW-v a-\-n-em-m\pw I-gn-bp-tm am{Xsa Cu cwK-s i-hpw {]-tbm-P-\-{]-Z-hpamb \n-b-a-\-S-]-Sn-I-v km-[n-p-I-bpp.
ssew-Kn-I-X- H-cp- ssZ-hn-IZm-\-am-Wv.- Po-hn-I-fnA-Xn-s-d- ]-c-a-am-b- e-yw- {]-Xyp-]m-Z-\-am-Wv.a-\p-jy-cn-em-I-s,- {]-Xyp-]m-Z-\-sa-- e-y-tmsSm-w-X-s- A-h-s-d- am-\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-hpw- Ip-Spw_-n-s-d- sI-p-d-pw- km-aq-ln-I- Po-hn-X-n-sek-am-[m-\-hp-sa-mw- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-am-bn- _-sncn-p-p-.- ssZ-hn-I- am-K-Z-i-\-{]-Im-c-a-m-sX-bp- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS- D-]-tbm-Kw- hyn-bp-sS- am-\kn-I-\n-e-sb-bpw- Ip-Spw-_-`-{Z-X-sb-bpw km-aq-ln-IL-S-\-sb--s-bpw- {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn- _m-[n-pw.A-Xp am-{X-a-,- ssew-Kn-I- tcm-K--pw- A-Xp-hgn- k-aq-l-n-s-d- \n-Xy-\m-i-n-\p-am-bn-cn-pwhn-hm-tl-X-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-- C-S-h-cp-p-I.Cu- h-kv-X-p-X- A-\p-`-h-n-\n-v- ]-Tn--h-cm-Wtm- B-[p-\n-I- kw-kv-Im-c-n-s-d- hm--sf-hI
- m-is
- -Sp-h
- .c-p- hyn-I- ssew-Kn-I-am-bn- _-s-S-Wsa-n- hn-hm-lw- F--- I-cm-dn-eq-sS-bm-IW
- s
- a-mWv- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-n-p--Xv.- A-X-m-sX-bp-- _-sfmw- \m-iw- hn-Xp--h-bm-Wv.- A-Xp- k-aql-n- \n-e-\nt--- aq-ey--sf-sb-mw- X-Ipw.-- ssh-hm-ln-I- Po-hn-X-n- kw-i-b-n-s-dhn-p-I- hn-X-b-vpw.- {]-kv-Xp-X- kw-i-b-a-\p-I- X-n- hn-S-hp-I-fp-m-pw.- A-XpIp-Spw_-_-s- D-e-bv-pw.- `m-hn- X-e-ap-d-bp-sSam-\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky-s- t]m-epw- A-Xp- _m-[n-pw.]m-m-Xy-aq-ey-- kzo-Ic
- n-p-sIm-v- ]p-tcm-Kan-p-sIm-n-cn-p-- tI-cf
-
- n-se- C-n-jb
- I
- a
- m-bn-Xn-hn-h-c--W-p-I- [m-an-I-t_m-[-ap-- B-

sc-bpw- sR-n-p--Xm-Wv.- Xn-cp-h-\]p-c-s- cm-Po-hv-Km-n- skd- t^m_-tbm-sS-Ivt- \m-fP

- n-bn- H-mt- cm- am-kh
- pwap-q-dv- t]-sc-n-epw- Un.-F.-F- hn-c-e-Sbm-f- ]-cn-tim-[\- \-S-n- X--fp-sS`m-cy-v- ]n-d-- Ip-v- X--fp-tS-Xp-Xs-bm-tWm-sb-v- D-d
- n-m- th-nF-p--p--t{X!-(28) C-Xp- Im-Wn-p-sX-m-Wv?- ]-c-kv-]-cw- hn-i-z-m-k-an-m-C-W-Ifp-sS- F-w- h-[n-p-h-cp-p-shv-.- F-m-Wn-Xn-\v- I-m-c-Ww?- D-cwam-Xr-`q-an -X-s- ]-d-bp-p-v.- "k-thbn- ]-s-Sp-- 30 i-X-am-\w- ]p-cp-jm-cpw- 18 i-X-am-\w- kv-{Xo-I-fpw- hn-hm-l_m-ly-_
- n- G-s-Sp-h
- c
- m-Wv.'k-Zm-Nm-c- aq-ey-- ap-dp-sI- ]n-Snp-p-sh-h
- I
- m-is
- -Sp-- tI-cf
- o-bk-aq-l
- n-s-d- n-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- ]m-mXy-ka
- q-l
- f
- n-se- n-Xn-bm-Is
- - C-Xnepw- I-jvS- a
- m-Wv.- K-`n-Wn-If
- m-Ip-sIm-pIp-p-f
- m-Wv- A-hn-Ss
- - G-hpw- h-en-b- km-aq-ln-I-{]-iv-\w.- Pm-ck--Xn-I-fm-Wv -K-h-sa--dn-s\- A-e-p {][m-\-s-- a-sm-cp- {]iv-\w.- CsXmpw- H-cp- hm--tb- A-s-- n-Xnbm-W-hn-sS.- ]-t,- C--cw- kZm-Nm-cew-L-\-- h-gn- Ip-Spw-_-sa-- m-]\w- A-hn-sS- X-I-p- Xcn--W-am-bn-ps-pw- A-Xp- h-n-- km-aq-ln-I- {]-iv\-- kr-jvS- n-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-sWpw- C-Xv- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy-tem-I
- n-s-dk-q-W- \m-i
- n-em-Wv- I-em-in-p-Isb-pw- ap--dn-bn-v- \-In-sm-n-cnp-Ib
- m-Wv- km-aq-ln-I- im-kv{- X-PvR
- m.C-kv-emw- hn-`m-h-\w- sN-p-- k-aqlw- C--c-n-ep--X-.- im--am-b- IpSpw-_m--co--hpw- k-am-[-m-\- ]q-W-am-

ssewKn-I Ip--Ir-Xy-p- C-kveman-I

in-m-hn-[nI-sf
{]m-Ir-Xhpw am-\-h-hn-cp-hp-sa-v ap-{Z-b-Snm ap-n \n--h
t]mepw kz-w s]-a ]oU-\w `b-v
Po-hn-t- n-Xn
kw-Pm-X-am-hp-tm
\n-jv-Ir-am-b in--Isf-p-dn-v hm-Nm-e-cm-hp-Xv Xo--bmbpw
kzm-K-Xm-l-amWv.

2013 s^{_phcn

24

b- Zm--Xy-hpw- \n-e-\n-p-- k-aq-l-s- kr-jv-Snp-hm-\m-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]-cn-{i-an-p--Xv.- A-Xn-\vhn-hm-l-n-\v- ]p-d-p-- k-I-e- ssew-Kn-I-_-fpw- \n-tcm-[n-s
- -SW
- s
- a-m-Wv- C-kve
- mwI-cp-Xp--Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-v- A--cw- ssew-Kn-I_-- C-m-sX-bm-p-hm-\m-hi
- y-am-b- in-I
- fm-Wv- Izp-B- A-\p-im-kn-p--Xv.- ssew-Kn-I-XA-Xn-i-am-b- H-cp- hn-Im-c-am-sW-n-cn-s- A-Xn-\n-v- a-\p-jy-sc- X-S-p-\n-m- i-am-b- \-S]-Sn-I- B-h-iy-am-Wv.- Izp-B-\n-se- in--I
{]-kIvX
- a
- m-Ip-X
- v- C-hn-sS-bm-Wv.IzpB-\n- tI-h-ew- in-m-hn-[n-I-sf-p-dn-p
am-{X-a-- ]-cm-a-in-p--Xv.- in-mhn-[n-I- A-hkm-\s
- - ]-Sn-bm-sW-m-Wv- C-kve
- m-an-s-d- ho-Ww.- hn-hm-tl-X-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-n-te-v- \-bnp-- km-l-N-cy--sf-sb-mw- C-m-bv-a- sN--Wsa-m-Wv- Izp-B-- ]-Tn-n-p--Xv.- A-Xn-\v- B-hiy-am-b- \n-b-a--fpw- \n-tZ-i--fp-sa-mw- C-kv-emw{]-Zm-\w- sN-p-p-v.- A-h-sb- C--s\- kw-{K-lnmw.H-v-:- kv-{Xo-I-fpw- ]-p-cp-j-m-cpw- am-\y-am-bn- h-kv{Xw- [-cn--Ww.- ]p-cp-j-\n-se- ssew-Kn-I- D-t-P-\n-\v- Im-gv-N- H-cp- {]-[m-\- Im-c-W-am-b-Xp-sIm-p-Xs- kv-{Xo-I- A-h-cp-sS- ku--cyw- {]-I-Sn-n-p-co-Xn-bn- h-kv-{Xw- [-cn--cp-Xv.c-v-:- ssew-Kn-I-am-bn- {]-tem-`n-n-p-- bm-sXmpw- k-aq-l-n- D-m-I-cp-X-v.- Im-_-sd,- \r-,- ku--cy- a-k-cw,- _m-se- Xp-S-n-b-h- C-kvem-an-I- k-aq-l-n- D-m-hp-I-bn-.
aq-v-:- hy-`n-Nm-c-n-te-v- \-bn-p-- c-o-Xn-bp-\n--_m-[-am-b- kv-{Xo-]p-cp-j k--w- ]m-Sn-.\m-ev-:- ssew-Kn-I-X- H-cp- sXm-gn-embn- kzo-I-cnp--Xv- ]m-sS- h-n-]m-S\w- sN--Ww.- th-iy-I-tfmIm-tK-fp-It- fm- sk-Ivk
- v- t_mw-_p-It- fm- \-Kv\
- t- amU-ep-I-tfm- H-pw- C-kv-em-an-I- k-aq-l-n- D-mhp-I-bn-.A-v-:- A-\y- kv-{Xo]p-cp-j-m- H-n-v- (`m-thm- hn-hm-lw- \n-jn--am-b- _-p-thm- Iq-sSbn-m-sX)- bm-{X- sN--cp-Xv.B-dv-:- A-\y-kv-{Xo- ]p-cp-j-m- a-sm-cm-fp-sS- kmn-[y-n-e-m-sX- kz-Im-cy- kw-`m-j-W-n-te-sScp-Xv.G-gv-:- ]p-cp-j- kv-{Xo-sb-tbm,- kv-{Xo-- ]p-cp-j-s\tbm,- A-h- hn-hm-l-n-eq-sS- C-W-I-fm-bn- am-dn-bnn-s-n,- Im-ah
- n-Im-ct- m-sS- t\m-c
- p-Xv.F-v-:- Im-a-hn-Im-c-ap--m-p-- co-Xn-bn- kw-kmcn-p-It- bm- sIm-n-p-gb
- p-It- bm- sN-c
- p-Xv.H--Xv-:- ]p-cp-j- hn-hm-lm-t\z-j-W-hp-am-bnh-m- A-h- kw-kvI
- m-c- k-
- \
- m-sW-ns]-Ip-n-sb- hn-hm-lw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-Sp-m- c-n-

Xm-- k-
- c
- m-IW
- w.]-v-:- H-cp- kv-{Xo-sb-sm-v- hn-Im-ci-a-\w- km-[y-a-m--h-v- H-n-e-[-n-Iwt]-sc- Nn-e- hy-h--I-v- hn-t[-b-ambn- hn-hm-l-w- sN-p-hm- A-\p-h-m-Z-apv.Izp-B- H-m-a-Xm-bn,- ssew-Kn-Ihn-Im-cw- D-t-Pn-n-p-I-bpw- Ip--Ir-Xy-v- t{]cn-n-p-I-bpw- sN-p-- kml-N-cy-- C-mbv-a- sNp-p.- c-m-aXm-bn-,- hn-lnX-am-b- am-K-n- hn-Im-ci-a\
-
- n-\m-hi
- y-am-b- Xp-d
- - Aw-Ko-Imcw- \-Ip-p.- C-Xn-\p-ti-j-hpw- hn-Im-ci-a-\-n-\v- A-km-m-Kn-I- amK--sfA-h-ew-_n-p--h- k-aq-l-n-s-d[-m-an-I- \n-e-hm-cs- X-I-p-I-bpwIp-Spw-_s
- -bpw- k-aq-ls
- -bp-sa-mw\-in--n-p-I-bp-am-Wv- sN-p--Xv.- A-cw- B-fp-I-sf- I-Tn-\-am-bn- in-n--Wsa-m-Wv- C-kve
- m-an-s-d- \n-tZ-iw.C-kve
- m-an-I- k-aq-l
- n- kv{- Xo-Iv- X-fp-sS- am-\w- A-]-l-cn--s-Sp-sa- `o-Xn-tbm-sS- Po-hn-t-- K-Xn-bp-m- hp-I-bn-.- {]-hm-N-I-s-d- Im-e-v- hn-cen-se-m-hp-- hyn-I-sf- am-{X-tahy`n-Nm-c-n-\v- in-n-n-p-q.- J-eo-^am-cp-sS- `-c-W-Im-e-pw- X-ssY-h.- am-[ya-f
- p-sS- I-S
- p-Ib
-
- h
- pw- ]m-m-Xy-kwkv-Im-c-n-s-d- kzm-[o-\-hp-sa-mw- Gsd- Po-WX
- I
- - kr-jvS- n-n-ps-n-epwC-pw- Izp-B\n-I- in-m-hn-[n-Ikzo-I-cn-n-cn-p-- \m-Sp-I-fn- ssew-KnI- Ip--Ir-Xy-- Xm-c-X-tay-\- Ip-d-hmsW-- h-kv-Xp-X- C-Xns-d- {]m-tbm-Kn-IX- h-y-am-pI-bm-Wv- sN-p--Xv.C-kv-em-an-s-d- F-m- \n-b-a--sf-bpwt]m-se- in-m-\n-b-a-hpw- ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bmWv- A-h-X-cn-n--s--Xv.- h-y-`n-Nm-c-n\v- B-Zyw- hn-[n--s--Xv- ho-p-X-S--embn-cp-p.- ""\n--fp-sS- kv-{Xo-I-fn-\n-v\o-Nh
- r-n-bn-te-s-Sp-h
- c
- m-tcm- Ah-s-Xn-cn- km-n-If
- m-bn- \n-f
- n\n-v- \m-ep- t]-sc- \n-- sIm-p-h-cphn.- A--s\- A-h- km-yw- h-lnm- A-h-sc- \n-- ho-Sp-I-fn- X-Sp-sh-p-sIm--n-cn-p-I.- A-h-sc- a-cWw G-s-Sp-p-I-tbm- A-m-lp- A-hsm-cp- am-Kw- D-m-n--cn-I-tbm- sNp--Xp-h-sc.''- (Izp-B- 4:-15).Cu- kq-n- A-m-lp- \n-sm-cp- am-Kw- \n--bn-p--Xp-h-sc-sb-

ssew-Kn-I-X- H-cp- ssZ-hnIZm-\-am-Wv.- Po-hn-I-fn- AXn-s-d- ]-c-a-am-b- e-yw- {]Xyp-]m-Z-\-am-Wv.- a-\p-jy-cnem-I-s,- {]-Xyp-]m-Z-\-sa- e-y-tm-sSm-w-X-sA-h-s-d- am-\-kn-Im-tcm-Kyhpw- Ip-Spw-_-n-s-d- sIp-d-pw- km-aq-ln-I-Po-hn-Xn-se- k-am-[m-\-hp-sa-mwssew-Kn-I-X-bp-am-bn_-s-ncn-p-p-.-

2013 s^{_phcn

25

v- ]-d--Xns\- A-\z-Y-am-n-sm-v- hy-`n-Nm-c-n-\p-- J-n-X-am-b- hn-[n- ]n-o-Sv- h-p.- A-Xn-s\-bm-Wv:- "- "hy-`n-Nc
- n-p-- kv{- Xo-]p-cp-j
- m-cnHm-tcm-cp--sc-bpw- \n-- \q-dv- A-Sn- A-Sn-pI.\n--- A-m-lp-hn-epw- A-y-Zn-\-n-epw- hn-iz-knp--h-cm-sW-n- A-m-lp-hn-s-d- a-X-\n-b-an- (A-Xp- \-S-m-p-- hn-j-b-n)- Ah-tcmSp-- Z-b-sbm-pw- \n--sf- _m-[n-m-Xn-cn--s.A-h-cp-sS- in-- \-S-p-t-S-v- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Ifn-\n-p-- H-cp- kw-Lw- k-n-ln-X-cm-hp-I-bpwsN--s.''- (Izp-B- 24:-2).Cu- kq-n- \q-d-Sn- hn-[n-n-cn-p--XvA-hn-hm-ln-X-cm-b- hy-`n-Nm-cn-I-m-Wv-.- A-hhn-hm-ln-Xc
- m-sW-n- F-dn-p-sIm-W
- s
- a-mWvC-kv-em-an-s-d- hn-[n-.- {]-hm-N-I- X-s-d- `-c-WIm-e-v- C-cw- \m-ev- tI-kp-I-fn- F-dn-psIm-m- hn-[n-n-cp-p-sh-v- Im-Wm- I-gn-bpw.A-Xn- H-sc--n-se- {]-Xn-I- Pq-X-m-cm-bn-cpp.- _m-n- aq-n-epw- ap-kv-enw-I-fpw.- hn-hm-ln-X-cmb- hy-`n-Nm-cn-I-sf- F-dn-p-sIm-p-hm-\p-f- I-]-\an-- lZoYp-{K--fpw- (ap-kv-enw,- A_q-Z-m-hqZv,C_v-\p-am-P,- ss_-l-Jn,- A-l-va-Zv)- dn-tm-v- sN-bvXn-p-v.- AXp-sIm-p-X-s- hn-hmln-X-cm-b- hy-`nNm-cn-Is
- f- F-dn-p-sIm-p-Ib
- m-Wv- th-s
- X-Im-cy-n- ap-kv-enw- ]-n-X-m-n-S-bn- A-`n{]m-b- h-y-Xym-k--sfm-p-an-.- {]-kv-Xp-X- \n-b-awIzpB-\n- ]-cm-a--in--s-n-n-s-n-epw- J-nX-hpw- k-Xy-k-hp-am-b- lZoYp-I-fm- kvYn-c-sn-p-X
- p-sIm-m- W
- n-Xv.F-p-sIm-m-Wv- H-tc- Ip--n-\v- c-p-X-cwin-I- C-kv-emw- hn[n-n-cn-p-Xv?-Ip-w- H-p-X-s-bm-sW-n-epw- A-Xp- sN-p-hyn-I-fp-sS- \n-e-hm-c-hpw- A-Xp- k-aq-l-n-epm-p- {]-Xym-Lm-Xh
- p-wIq-Sn- ]-cn-KW
- n-p-sImmWv- C-kv-emw- in-m-hn-[n-I- \n--bn-n-cn-p-Xv.- A-hn-hm-ln-X-cp-sS- hy-`n-Nm-cw- H-cp- Ip--am-Wv.]-t- A-h-v- X--fp-sS- ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-cw- i-ann-p-hm- hn-ln-X-am-b am-K-- ap-ne-n-;-- A-

h-cp-sS- {]-h---\w- aq-ew- I-p-Spw-__-sfm-pw- X-Ic

- p-n-.- F-mhn-hm-ln-X-cp-sS- hy-`n-Nm-c-tam?- A-h-pap-n- X--fp-sS- hn-Im-c-i-a-\-n-\v\n-b-am-\p-krXw- ]-cn-W-bn-- C-W-Ifpv.- {]-kv-Xp-X- ssew-Kn-I-_-ns-d- ]-cn-W-X- ^-e-tam?- Ip-Spw-_--I-!- A--s\- kaq-l-n- ap-gp-hA-cm-PI
- X
- zw-!!- - A-Xp-sIm-p-Xs
- C-hbv
- p-- in-I
- - hy-Xy-kvX
- a
- m-bncn--Ww.- hn-hm-ln-X-cp-sS- hy-`n-Nm-c-hp-ambn- Xm-c-X-ayw- sN-p-tm- A-hn-hm-lnX-cp-tS-Xv- sN-dn-b- Ip--am-Wv.- hn-ln-X-amK-ap-m-bn-pw- A-hn-ln-Xa
- m-K
- tX-Sn-tm-Ip-h
- s
- c- sh-p-sIm-n-cp-p- Iq-Sm.- A-h- am-Xr-Im-]-c-am-bn- in-n-s-S-Ww.- A-Xp- ImWp-- H-cm-fpw- C-\nA-Xn-\v- ap-Xn-cm-- co-Xn-bn-ep-- in-.A-Xp-sIm-m-Wv- A-c
- w- B-fp-Is
- fa-c-Ww-h-sc- I-s-dn-bp-I- F-- \n-b-awCkv-emw- \n--bn-n-cn-p-Xv.A-hn-hm-ln-X-m-Is
- - A-hcp-sSIp--ns-d- tXm-Xv- {]-Im-cw- ]-cky-ambn- \q-dv- A-Sn- A-Sn-p-hm- Ckv-emwI-]n-p.- A-h- k-aq-ln- A-cm-PI
-- Xzw- D-m-p-p-sh-n-epw- Ip-Spw-_-ns- X-I---tm- AXpaq-e-ap- km-aq-

kZm-Nm-c- ew-L-\-h-gn- Ip-Spw-_-sa-m-]-\w- A-hn-sSX-I-p- Xcn--W-am-bnp-s-pw- A-Xp- h-n-km-aq-ln-I- {]-iv-\-kr-jv-Sn-p-sIm-n-cn-pI-bm-sW-pw- C-Xv- ]m-i-v
Nm-Xy-tem-I-n-s-dk-q-W- \m-i-n-em-WvI-em-in-p-I-sb-pwap--dn-bn-v- \-In-smn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv- km-aqln-I- im-kv-{X-Pv-R-m.

2013 s^{_phcn

26

ln-I- {]-i-v\--tm- A-Xv- \n-an--am-Ip-ntm?Ip--hm-fn-I- A-m--h- H-cn--epw- i-n-n-s-p-Iq-Sm- F--Xm-Wv- C-kv-em-an-I- in-m-\n-b-a-fp-sS- H-cp- A-Sn-m-\-X-zw.-- A-Xp-sIm-p-Xs- kw-ip--am-bn- Po-hn-Xw- \-bn-p--h-sc- B-tcm]-W
- f
- p-b
- n-v- A-]I
- o-n-s-Sp-p-hm-- C-kvemw- A-\p-h-Zn-p-n-.- A--cw- B-tcm-]-W--fp-bn-p--h- \m-ep- km-n-I-sf- lm-P-cm-p-hmk---cm-h-Ww.- A-m-- ]-w- B-tcm-]n--s-Sp-h-c--,- {]-Xyp-X- B-tcm-]n-p--h-cm-Wv- in-n-s-Sp-I.- hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm-]-Wap--bn-p--h-p- in--sb--n- Izp-B- hy-am-p--Xn-s\-bm-W-v:- ""Nm-cn-{X-h-Xn-I-fp-sS- ta- (hy-`n-Nm-cw)B-tcm-]n-p-I-bpw- F-n-v- \m-ep- km-n-I-sf- sImp-h-cm-Xn-cn--p-I-bpw- sN-p--h-sc- \n-- F]-Xv- A-Sn- A-Sn-p-I.- A-h-cp-sS- km-yw- \n-H-cn--epw- kzo-I-cn-p-I-bpw- sN-cpXv.- A-hX-s-bm-Wv- A-[-a-Im-cn-I''- (Izp-B- 24:-4)
]-Xn-{h-X-I-sf--n- B-tcm-]-W-- ]-d-p--m-p-I- Nn-e-cp-sS- tlm _n-bm-Wv-.- A--cam-fp-Ik-aq-l-n- D-m-p-- Ip-g--- Nn-d-sbmp-a-.- F-]-X-Sn- In-p-sa-v- h-m- B-cpwA-c
- w- Zp-cm-tcm]W-f
- p-am-bn- \-S
- p- I
- b
- n-.\m-ep- km-n-I-fn-m-sX- hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm-]Ww- D-bn-p-hm- B-cpw- ap-Xn-cp-I-bn-.- B-tcm-]-W-]p-I-v- \m-em fp-sS- ap-n- \-S-m- h-m-sX-bmb- F-{X-sb-{X- t]- \-p-sS- k-aq-l-n-ep-v.\-p-sS- ao-Un-b-I- k-p-te-j- h-[n-n-p-Xv- C-cw- tKm-kn-p-I- D-]tbm-Kn-p-sIm-m-Wtm.- C--cw- Zpjv-{]-h--\-sfmw- C-kv-eman-Ik-aq-l-n-\v- A-\y-am-bn-cn-p-w.- am\y-am-sc- A-Im-cW-am-bn- B-tcm-]-W--fn- ap-n-sm-p-- A-h- B-k-aq-ln- \n-e-\n-p-I-bn--.- B-sc-nep-w- A-Xn-\v- -ap-Xn-m- Ah-sc- ]-c-kyambnF-]-Xv- A-Sn- A-Sn--W-sa-m-Wv- Izp-B\n-sdA\p-im-k-\.
hy-`n-Nm-c-n-\v- C-kv-emw- \n--bn-- in--I-I-T-n-\-am-Wv.- hn-hm-ln-X-sc-n- I-s-dn-p-sI-m-pI!-- A-h-n-hm-ln-X-sc-n- ]-c-ky-am-bn- \q-d-Sn-!- C-cw- in--I- hn-[n-- C-kv-emw- A-tXm-sSm-w-X-s\n-c-]-cm-[n-I- in--n--s-Sm-Xn-cn-p-hm- B-hiy-am-b- \n-b-a-- Iq-Sn- B-hn-jv-I-cn-n-p-v.- \mep- Zr-Iv-km-n-I- D-s-n- am-{Xta- H-cm- a-smcm-fp-sS- t]-cn- hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm-]W
- ap-b
- n-p-hm]m-Sp-q.- A-s-n- B-tc-m-]-Ww- D--bn--hIp-Sp-pw-.- A-h-v- F-]-Xv- A-Sn- ho-Xw- e-`npw.- I-- km--y-n-\p-- km-[y-X- C-hn-sSXo-sc- hn-c-f-am-Wv.- H-cp- ]m-Sp-t]- I-p-sh-v- D-d-pm-bm- am-{Xta- H-cm- C-c
- w- B-tcm-]W
- w- D-bn-m- ap-Xn-cp-I-bp-q.- A-X-p-sIm-p-X-s\n-c-]-cm-[n- in-n-s-Sp-hm- D- km-[y-X-

Xo-sc-bn-s-p-Xs
- - ]-db
- mw._-em-w-Kw hy-n-bp-sS kzm-X{y-n-\p-ta-se-bp-- It-hpw A-Xn{I-ahpw k-aq-l-tm-Sp- shp-hnfnbpw km-aq-ln-I-[m a-- n-I-X-p-t\-scbp- I-S-m-{I-a-W-hp-am-Wv. A-Xp sNp-h-s hy-n-Xzhpw C-c-pm-b
\--fpw A-Xp k-aq-l-n-ep-m-p {]-Xym-Lm-X
- f
- p-samw I-W
- n-seSp-p sIm-mh-Ww A-Xn-\p- in-
\n-Wb
- n-t-Xv. sIm-e]
- m-XIw,
tam-jW
- w, hy`n-Nm-cw F-n-hb
- v
- p-
in-m-hn-[n-Is
- fm-sW-v Ir-Xy-am-bn
]-d- C-kveman-I {]-am-W- _-emw-K
- n-\p- in-s
- b-m-sW-v
hy-a
- m-m-Xv C-m-cy-s
- fmw
]-cn-KW
- np-sIm-m-hW
- w A-Xn-s
in- \n-Wb
- n-t-Xv F-Xp-sImm-bn-cn-Ww. hn-hm-ln-Xcm-b hy`nNm-cnI-sf I-s-dnp-sIm-Ws
- a-v
\n-jv-I-jn-p- C-kveman-I \n-b-an-s A-Sn-d
- b
- n-\np-sIm-v
_-em-wK-s t\m-n-m-Wp-
\ym-bm-[n-] A-Xn-s Fm X-e-sfbpw ]-cn-K-Wnp-sIm-v in- hn-[n-Ws
- a-m-Wv C-kvem-an-s Xm-]cyw. hy`n-Nm-c-n-\p- in- \-IpIbpw A-tXm-sSm-wX-s _-em-w-Kw
sN--s--h-v A-h-fp-sS hn-hm-l-aqey-n-\v Xp-eyam-b Xp-I \-Ip-Ibpw
sN-p-I-bm-Wv _-em-w-K-n-\p- in-sb-v Camw am-enIv hn-[nXv(29)
Cu A-Sn-m-\
- n-em-bn-cn-Ww.
Am-lphn-t\mSpw Zq-Xt- \mSpw t]m-cm-SpIbpw `q-an-bn Ip-g--ap-m-m {i-anp-Ibpw sN-bvXh
- t- cm-Sm-Wv _-em-wK-m-sc Xm-cX
- ayw sN-t-s
- Xpw
A-h-v IzpB hn-[n- in--bmWv C-hpw hn-[n-t--sXpw ]-d ]-n-X-am-cpv. IzpB ]-dbp-Xv ImWp-I: ""Amlp-thmSpw
Ah-s Zq-Xt- \mSpw t]m-cm-Sp-Ib
- pw,
`q-an-bn Ip-g--ap-m-m {i-an-pIbpw sN-p--h-p- {]-Xn^-ew
A-h sImsm-Sp-s
- -Sp-Itbm {Iq-in-s-Sp-Itbm A-h-cp-sS ssI-Ifpw Imep-I-fpw F-Xn-h-i--fn-\n-m-bn ap-dnp-If
- b
- s
- -Sp-It- bm, \m-Sp-IS-
- s
- -SpItbm sNp-I am-{X-am-Ipp. A-X-hv C-l-tem-I-p- A-]-am-\-am-Ip
p. ]-c-temI-v A-h-v I-\- in-bp-ap-m-bn-cn-pw.'' (Izp-B 5:33)

Ref:
1. Sex Education leads to more crimes against woman,
Says Mumbai Police Chief: The Indian Express 18-012013

am-[y-a--fp-sS- I-S-p-I-b-hpw- ]m-m-Xy-kw-kv-Im-c-ns-d- kzm-[o-\-hp-sa-mwG-sd- Po-W-X-I- kr-jv-Snn-ps-n-epw- C-pwIzp-B\n-I- in-m-hn-[nI- kzo-I-cn-n-cn-p-\m-Sp-I-fn- ssew-Kn-IIp--Ir-Xy-- Xm-c-X-tay-\Ip-d-hm-sW-- h-kv-Xp-XC-Xns-d- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-Xh-y-am-pI-bm-WvsN-p--Xv.-

2013 s^{_phcn

2. "C-\n tNm-Zy- td-n-p-I-tfm-Sm-hs' am-Xr-`q-an

B-gv-N--Xn-v 2013 P-\p-h-cn 2026
3. A-tX teJ-\w
4. Criminal victimization in the United States, 2005: US
Department of Justice; Dec 2006, NCJ 215244
5. National crime victimization Survey; Criminal
victimization 2010, US Department of Justice,
September 2011, NCJ 235508
6. Lin Lean Lim (Editor): The sex sector; the Economic and
Social Base of Prostitution in South East Asia, 1998
7. sI.]n. tk-Xp-\mYv: s]-p-S, hn]-Wn, am-Xr-`q-an
B-gv-N--Xn-v 2013 P-\p-h-cn 1319
8. Robert W.Mc Chesney: The Political Economy of
Media, Enduring Issues,Emerging Di lemmas (2008)
page 265
9. Kalle Lasn: Culture Jam; The Uncoing of America
(1999) page 138
10. Jean Kilbourne: Can't Buy My Love: How advertising
Changes the Way we Think and Feel (2000) page 121
11. www.drdavidlewis.co.uk / assets / neuro Market 1.pdf
12. Richard F. Taflinger Phd;Taking Adventage (1996)
chapter 6
13. Christopher Lasch : The Culture of Narcissism (1979)
14. www.sutjhally.com
15. Sut Jhally: The Codes of Advertising (1990) page 12
16. www.jfox.neu.edu
17. www.accessmylibrary.com/coms 2/summery_0286167083_ITM
18. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn 4158
19. Jean Kilbourne: Can't buy my love (2000) page 186
20. C-S-a-dp-Iv & Ko-Xm C-S-a-dpIv: Xm-bv-en-eq-sS H-cp
bm{X, \yq-U-ln, 1992, `mKw II, ]p-dw 21
21. T.w cable adds porn after Disneydeal, Newyork Post,
Sep 15, 2010.
22. With pot and porn outstripping corn, America's black
economy is flying high The Guardian, May 2, 2003
23. Study: Movies with sex, Nudity don't sell CP
Entertainment Jan 22, 2013, (www.christianpost.com).
24. Michael R. Libowitz, M.D: The chemistry of Love,
Berkely, 1995. Page 80-86.
25. Agressian in Man: Hormone Levels are a Key, The
Newyork Times, July 17, 1990
26. _pJmcn, ap-kvenw
27. _pJmcn, ap-kvenw
28. am-Xr-`q-an- B-gv-N--Xn-v- 31.-1.-9929. Camw am-enIv: A-ap-h-Xz-Av 2/734

27

ssewKnImXn{Iav AdpXn hcpm

Nn-e C-ke
-v man-I \n-tZ-i

i-ao a-Zo\n
kv{- Xo-I-v t\-sc-bp sse-wKn-I I-t-
- fpw Nq-jW
-
- fpw A-\p-Zn-\w h[np-sIm-n-cn-p-Ib
- m-W.v Hmtcm Zn-hk
- s
- bpw ]-{X-am-[y-a
- sR-n-p- ]pXnb hm--I-fm-Wv ]p-dp-sIm-p-h-cp-Xv. a\-v a-c-hn-n-nm- G-sXm-cmfpw
C-cw kw-`-h--fn AXo-h D-Xv-I-WvT-bnepw B-i--bn-ep-am-sW- Im-cyw {]tXy-Iw ]-d-tb--Xn. ]t, B-i--Ipw hym-Ip-e-X-I-p-a-p-dw C-cw
I-t---v A-dp-Xn-h-cp-n kv{Xo kp-c- D-d-m-p-hm-\p- amK--sf--Ip-dnp- {In-bm--Iam-b N--Ifpw ]T-\--fp-am-Wv B-h-iy-am-bn-p--Xv.
kv{- Xo-I-p-t\-sc \-S
- p ssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{I-a
- f
- p-sSbpw Iq- _-em-w-K
- fp-sSbpw am-\`- w-K
- f
- p-sSbpw hm-It- fm-sSm-w A-hb
- p-sS km-lN
- c
- y-fpw Im-cW-fpw Iq-Sn ]cn-tim-[-\m-hn-t[-b-am--s-tS--Xpv. F-n A-cw km-l-Ncy--fnm-Xm-n A-h-bp-sS Im-c-W-sf ap-f-bn-te \p-n--f-bm km-[n-p-w.
ssZ-hn-I-a-Xam-b C-kvemw C-cw I-t--fpw A-Xn-{I-a--fp-anm- D--a
k-aq-l-kr-npw kv{Xo kp-c-pw D-X-Ip- \n-ch-[n \n-tZ-i- \-In-bnpv. a-X-tmSpw a-X-{K--tfm-Sp-ap- A-am-b hn-tcm-[w am-n-sh-v A-h-bnse [m-an-Im-[ym-]-\-sf ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-m {i-an-m ssZhn-I am-K-\n-tZi--fp-sS AP--X G-sXm-cp \n-jv-]--a-Xnpw t_m-[y-s-Sp-sa-Xv bm-YmYyam-W.v
kv{- Xo]p-cp-j-am X-n-ep- ]-ck
- ]
v- c
- m-I-jW
-
- n-sbpw hn-Im-c
- n-sbpw
bm-YmYy--p-t\-sc I--S-n-v Im-cy-an. A-h {]-Ir-Xn-Z-amb ssZhn-I
kw-hn-[m-\--fmWv. ssPhtemI-s C-cw ssh-hn-[y-fpw ]m-c-kv-]-cy-fpw
ssZhn-I Zr-m---fp-sS \n-Z-i-\--fm-bn-m-Wv Nn-n-p--h-v I-s-m-\mhp-X
- v.
Am-lp ]-d-bpp: ""\n--v k-am-[m-\-]qhw H-p-tN-tc--Xn-\m-bn \n-fn-\n-v X-s \n--v C-WI-sf kr-n-p-Ib
- pw, \n--n-Sb
- n kvt- \-lhpw
Im-cp-Wyhpw D-m-p-Ibpw sN-bv-XXpw Ah-s Zr-m---fn s]--X-s{X. Xo2013 s^{_phcn

28

-bmbpw A-Xn Nn-n-p- P-\-v Zr-m-

- f
- p-v.'' (30:21)
C-cw {]-Ir-Xn-Z
- bm-YmYy-sf
I-n-s-v \-Sn-m-sX {In-bm-I
- a
- m-bn
D-]t- bm-Ks
- -Sp-p-hm-\m-Wv C-kvemw A\p-im-kn-p-Xv. hy-`n-Nm-cw ]m-]a
- m-sWpw A-Xn-\m hy-`n-N-cn--cp-sX-p-ap tI-h-e D-]-tZ-i--f C-kvemw \Ip-Xv. ssew-Kn-I-X a-\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS `m-Ka
- m-sW-v Xn-cn-d
- n-bp- C-kvemw
A-Xn-s Kp-W]
- c
- am-b hn\n-tbm-K
- n-\p t\cm-b am-K-\n-tZ-i- \-Inbn-p-v.
hy-`n-Nm-cs t--am-bn Im-Wp-
ssZhnIaXw A-Xn-te-p- k-hI
- h
- mS-fpw sIm-n-bS-
- p-X
- m-bn IzpB\pw
{]-hm-NI
- m-[ym-]\
-
- fpw ]cn-tim-[n-m
Im-Wm km-[n-pw. Am-lp ]-db
- pp:
""\n- hy-`n-Nmc-s k-ao-]np-t]m-IcpXv. Xo-b
- m-bpw A-Xv H-cp \o-Nh
- r-nbpw Zp-jn- amK-hp-am-Ipp.'' (IzpB
17:32)
kv{- Xo-]o-U\
-
- fpw I-t-
- fpw hm-bm-Ip-tm ]-e-tmgpw kv-{Xo-]-p-\n-v am{Xw hn-jb-s t\m-n-mWp-Ibpw kv-{Xo-sb k-l-Xm]w-sIm-v
s]m-Xn-bp-Ibpw sN-p- ]-Xn-hv Im-gv-NI-
- p-dw A-cw km-lN
- c
- y- krn-p--Xn kv-{Xo-I-fpsS ]ns\ Ipdnp NIsfmpw \Smdn. Ah-cp-sS ]-cn-[n-hn- C-S-]-g-I-ep-Ifpw sImn- p- g - p- kw- k m- c - c o- X n- I fpw
ssew-Kn-Ih
- n-Im-c-sf C-n-fn-s-Sp-p- X-c-n-ep- h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-fpw Hs H-cp ]-cn-[nh-sc C-cw A-Xn-{I-a-v h-gn-a-cp-n-Sp--h-bt F-v \njv-]--am-bn Nn-n-p-Ibpw hn-e-bn-cpp-Ibpw sN-t-X
- p-v.
]-ck
- y-n-sbpw hn-t\m-Z
- f
- p-sSbpw
t]-cn ao-Un-bI
- f
- n-eq-sS \n-ds
- m-gp-Ip Ip--gn ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS A-Xn{]k-cw Ip-Spw-_Zm-Xy cw-K--fnepw
I-t-
- f
- n-ep-samw sN-dp-Xm- ]-v
h-ln-p-p-s-Xv bm-YmYy-am-Wv.
ssew-Kn-I_
-
-
- n-te-v a-\p-jy-s\
\-bn-p-X
- n Hmtcm A-hb
- h
-
- pw

A-Xn-tXm-b ]-pv. kv-{Xo-I-fn kv]-i\

-
- n-eq-sS-bm-Wv ssewKn-tIm-tP\w \-S-p--sX-n ]p-cpj-\v Im-gv-Nbn-eq-sS X-s A-Xv \-S-p-p-sh-v
ssew-Kn-Ia
- \
- x-im-kv{Xw hy-a
- m-pp.
t\m-
- n\pw kw-km-c
- n\pw kv]
- -i\
- n\p-sam-s ssew-Kn-IX
- b
- n-te-v a-\pjy-s\ -\-bn-m km-[n-p-sa-Yw.
\_n ]-d-bpp: ""B-Zw k--Xn-bpsS
Hmtcm i-co-c`
- m-K
- n\pw hy-`n-Nm-c
- n
]-v \n-Wb
- n-s
- -n-pv. I-n-s hy`n-Nm-cw t\m-hpw Im-Xn-t-Xv tI-hnbpw
I-n-t-Xv ]n-Sp-hpw Im-en-t-Xv \-S
- hpw \m-hn-t-Xv kw-km-c-hp-amWv. a\-v
sIm-Xn-pp; ssew-Kn-Im-hb-hw A-Xn-

cn--dn-tb-n-bn-cn-p-p. A-cw h-gnI I--dn-v sIm-n-b-S-p-hm D-Xv_p-X

- b
- p-h
- k-
- c
- m-tI-X
- p-v.

s\ km-o-I-cn-p-Itbm \n-cm-I-cn-pItbm sN-p-p.'' (A-_q-Zm-hqZv, C-_v\

- pln-m. A-A
- e
v- o-Jm-p ln-km
A-em kz-lo-ln C-_v-\n-ln-m 4406mw
\- l-Zo-Yv, ssi-Jv A-_m\n Cu
dn-tm-v kz-lo-lm-sW-v n-co-Ic
- n-npv)
A-o-eN
- p-hb
- p-Xpw ssew-Kn-IX-sb
sXm-p-W-p--Xpamb sIm-n-p-gp- kw-km-c-fpw A-h-bv-v ImtXm-epw \-Xm {]-Z-i-\hpw XpSn ]-eX
- pw Cu Zp-c
-
- n-te-p- hgnsbm-cp-e
- p-If
- m-sW-v C-\nbpw \mw Xn-

h-k{v- X-[m-cW
- coXn
]-e hn-Zym-e-b--fn-tebpw tPm-en
m-]-\--fn-tebpw bqWn-t^m-ap-I
t]mepw ssewKn-I ]-cm-{I-a
- n-\v D-tP-Ihpw A-h [-cn-p- km-[p-fm-b
s]-Ip-nI-sf Im-a-sh-dn-b-am-v Fdnp-sIm-Sp-p- hn-[
- n-ep-am-Wp-sX--Xv H-cp ]-c-a-k-Xy-am-Wv. i-co-c-h-Snhpw ku--cyhpw {]-Z-in-n-v sIm-np-g-v kw-km-cn-p- kv-{Xo-I AXn-\
- pd-s A-]I
- S- s
- -p-dn-v th{X t_m-[-h-Xn-If. "sk-Iv-kn {U-kpI' A-Wn-t-Xo-cq F-m-sW-n A-

hn-hm-lw hn-ipw
a-\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS `m-Ka
- m-Wv ssewKn-I-Xbpw {]-Xyp-Xv-]-m-Z-\hp-sams. Fm A-Xv am-\yhpw {In-bm-I
- h
- pam-b
co-Xn-bn Xn-cn-p-hn-Sp-I-bm-Wv C-kvemw
hn-hm-l-n-eq-sS sN-p-Xv. Am-lp
]-d-bpp: ""\n--fn-ep- A-hn-hm-ln-Xscbpw \n-f
- p-sS A-Sn-aI
- f
- n-\npw ASn-ak
- {v- Xo-If
- n-\n-pw \-hc
- m-bn-p-h
- scbpw \n- hn-hm-l_
-
-
- n-te-sSp-p-I. A-h Z-cn-{Z-cm-sW-n Amlp X-s A-\p-{K-l
- n-\n-v A-hv
sF-iz-cyw \-Ip--XmWv. Am-lp hn]p-eam-b I-gn-hp--h\pw kh--\pa-s{X.'' (IzpB 24:32)
ssewKn-Ihn-Im-c
- I-n-\n-p bp-hX
- z-Im-eL
- -
- n A-Xn-s\ [man-I-X-bn-eq-sS \n-b-{n-v ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn
Xn-cn-p-hn-n-s-n ]-e A-\Y-fpw
AXv k-aq-l-n kr-n-pw. A-Xn-\m hn-hml-s t{]m-m-ln-n-p-I-bmWv C-kvemw sN-p-Xv. \_n ]-dp: ""bp-h k-aql-sa \n--fn hn-hml-n-\v km-[n-p--h hn-hm-lw sNp-I, Xo--bmbpw A-Xv Zr-n \n-b-{nm\pw ssew-Kn-Im-h-b-h-sf Im-pkq-n-m\pw k-lm-b-I-amWv. A-Xn-\v
km-[n-m-h
- t\m-v A-\p-np-sIms. A-Xv A-bm-v kw-c
- W
- a
- m-W.v ''
(_p-Jmcn, ap-kvenw)

kv-{Xo-I-p-t\-sc \-S-p ssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{I-a--fp-sSbpw Iq- _-em-w-K--fp-sSbpw am-\-`w-K--fp-sSbpw

hm-I-tfm-sSm-w A-h-bp-sS km-l-N-cy-fpw Im-c-W-fpw Iq-Sn ]cn-tim-[-\m-hn-t[-b-am--s-tS--Xpv.
F-n am{Xta A-cw km-l-N-cy--fnm-Xm-n A-h-bp-sS Im-c-W-sf ap-f-bn-te \p-n--f-bm km-[n-q.
2013 s^{_phcn

29

kv-{Xo]p-cp-j-am X-n-ep- ]-c-kv-]-cm-I-j-W-n-sbpw hn-Im-c-n-sbpw bm-YmYy--p-t\-sc

I--S-n-v Im-cy-an. A-h {]-Ir-Xn-Z-amb ssZhn-I kw-hn-[m-\--fmWv. ssPhtemI-s C-cw ssh-hn-[y-fpw
]m-c-kv-]-cy-fpw ssZhn-I Zr-m---fp-sS \n-Z-i-\--fm-bn-m-Wv Nn-n-p--h-v I-s-m-\m-hp--Xv.
Xv A-h-c-h-cp-sS `-m--am-cp-sS apn am-{X-am-n ]-cn-an-X-s-Sp-p-I-bmWv th-Xv. X-f
- p-sS kz-Im-cy-XI
- ]c-ky-s-Sp-p-h
- n-[
- n-ep- {]-h-\--v ap-Xn-cp-tm A-h-bp-sS {]Xym-Lm-X--fn a-p-h-sc am{Xw Ip-s-Sp-p--Xn-eY-anm-sb-v kmcw.
B-I-jW
- o-bam-b a-[p-c]
- e
- l
- m-c
- Xpd-v sh-m Cu-bpw D-dppw ]m-bpsam-s A-h-bn h-n-cn-p-Xv kzm`m-hn-Iw am-{Xw.
X-f
- p-sS \-Xm {]-Z-i\
-
- n-eqsS
"kpJw' A-\p-`-hn-p--hcpw a-p--h-cpsS \-X
- I
- t\m-n B-kzmZ-\w I-sp--h-cpw H-cpX-cw am-\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-Ifm-sW--Xm-Wv k-Xyw. \-s kr-n-v
\-ap-p-th- Fmw C-hn-sS kw-hn-[m\n- ]-S-X-p-cm-s \n-b-a-im-k-\-I
A-\p-kc
- n-v Po-hn-e
- m-Wv kp-c
- b
- p-sS
D-a
- a
- m-Kw.
Am-lp ]-db
- pp: ""\-_n-tb, \n-s
]-Xv-\nam-tcmSpw ]p-{Xnam-tcmSpw k-Xy-hnizm-kn-I-fp-sS kv-{Xo-I-tfmSpw A-h X-fp-sS aq-Sp-]-S- X--fp-sS-ta Xmgv-n-bn-Sm ]-d-bp-I. A-h Xn-cn--dn-bs-Sp-hm-\pw, A-s\ A-h ieyw sN-s-Sm-Xn-cn-p-hm\pw A-Xm-Wv G-hpw
A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXv. Am-lp G-sd s]mdp-p-h
- \pw I-cp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-p.''
(IzpB 33:59)
]m-Xn-{h-Xy-n-sbpw kp-c--bpsSbpw h-kv-{X-am-Wv C-kvem-an-se ]-Z
F-Yw. F-m AXpw kv-{Xo-kzm-X{y-s l-\n-p- ]m-c-X-{y-n-s
aq-Sp-]-S-am-bn-m-Wv Nn-{Xo-I-cn--s-Sm-dpXv. Ip-d-p-Iq-Sn hn-i-Z-am-bn C-mcyw
IzpB a-sm-cnS-v D-W-p-Xv ImWpI: ""(\-_n-tb), \o k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Itfm-Sv A-hc
- p-sS Zr-n-I Xm-g
-v p-hm-\pw,
Kp-ly-m-h-b-h- Im-p-kq-n-phm\pw ]-d-bp-I. A-Xm-Wv A-h-v Gsd ]-cn-ip--am-bn-p-Xv. Xo--bmbpw
Am-lp A-h {]-h-n-p-X
- n-s\n kq-a
v- a
- m-bn A-dn-bp-h
- \
- m-Ipp. kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-tfmSpw A-h-cp-sS Zr-nI Xm-gv-p-hm\pw A-h-cp-sS Kp-lym-h-

b-h- Im-p-kq-n-p-hm\pw A-hcp-sS Kp-ly-mh

- b
- h
-
- Im-p-kq-n-phm-\pw, A-h-cp-sS `w-Kn-bn \n-v {]-Xy-am-bs
- Xm-gn-v a-smpw sh-fn-s-Sp-mXn-cn-p-hm\pw \o ]-d-bp-I. A-h-cp-sS a-\-I Ip-m-b-am-dp-I-v ao-sX Ah Xm-g
v- n-bnp-sIm-s. A-hc
- p-sS `m--am, A-h-cp-sS ]n-Xm, Ah-cp-sS `-Xr-]n-Xm, A-hc
- p-sS ]p-{Xam, A-h-cp-sS `-Xr-]p-{X-am, A-h-cpsS k-tlm-Z-c-am, A-h-cp-sS k-tlm-Zc-]p-{X-am, A-h-cp-sS k-tlmZ-cn ]p{X-am, ap-kvenw-I-fn-\n-p- kv-{XoI, A-h-cp-sS hew-ssI-I D-S-a-s-Spn-bh (A-Sn-aI
- ), ssew-Kn-Imk-n
D--h-cm- ]p-cp-j-amcm-b ]-cn-Nm-cI, kv{- Xo-If
- p-sS c-lk
- y- a-\
- n-emn-bn-nm- Ip-n-I F-n-h-scm-gn-v
a-mpw X--fp-sS `w-Kn A-h sh-fns-Sp--cpXv. X- a-d-p-sh-p- X-fp-sS A-e
- m-cw A-dn-bs
- -Sp-hm thn A-h Im-en--Sn-p-Ibpw sN--cpXv.
k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, \n-s
- fm-hcpw Am-lp-hn--te-v tJ-Zn-p-a-S-p-I. \n hnP-bw {]m-]n-t-mw.'' (IzpB
24:30,31)
{]m-b]
- q-nbm-b H-cp kv{- Xo-bp-sS apJhpw ap-I
- p-am- `m-K
- \n-_
- -ambpw a-d
- n-cn-W
- s
- a-m-Wv \_n
]Tn-n-X
- v. (A-_q-Zm-hqZv)
So-t\-Pv {]m-b
- mcm-b Nn-e s]-Ipn-I C-v [-cn-m-dp-Xp-t]m-se i-coc-`m-K
- a-dp-sIm-m-sW-nepw i-cocn-Im-h-b-h--fp-sS \nav-t\m--Xn-I {]I-S-am-p- hn-[-n-ep- C-dpIn-b hkv-{X-fpw \n-g-e-Sn-p- t\- h-kv{X-fpw h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-n-s [aw
\n-hl
- n-m-h
- b
- m-bX
- n-\m C-kvemw
A-\p-h-Zn-p-n.
\-c-Im-h-Im-in-Ifm-b kv{XoIsf ]-cam-inp-sIm-v H-cn- \_n ]-dbpp: ""h-k{v Xw [-cn-npw hn-hk
- {-v X-Ifmb Nn-e kv-{Xo-I Nmpw N-cn-pw
(A-\y-sc h-io-I-cnv) \-S-p--h. H-I-n-s ]q-- t]m-se-bn-cnpw A-hcp-sS in-c
- pI. A-h kzK-n {]-

2013 s^{_phcn

30

th-in-p-Ib
- n. hn-Zq-ct- -S- n-p-ho-ip kzK-n-s ]-cna-fw t]mepw Ah-m-kz-Zn-m km-[n-p-I-bn.'' (apkvenw, A-lv-aZv)
Ccp-tem-Ipw \-hpw A
- ]
- I
- S- hpw
am-{X-am-Wv C-kv-eman-I h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-coXnI-sf A-ha
- X
- n-p-h
- -p-mhp-I Fv Np-cp-w.
A-\y-]p-cp-j\
- p-am-bn X-\n-mh
tPm-en-bp-sSbpw ku-lr-Z-n-sbpsam-s t]-cn A-\y-]p-cp-j\pw kv-{Xobpw X-\n-m-Ip-Xv C-v ]-Xn-hv Im-gv-NI-fmWv. C-cw "X-\n-mh-ep'I a-v ]e Xn--I-fn-tepw sIm-s-n-p-sa-Xn-\v F{Xtbm A-\p-`h
-
- f
- p-apv. F-

mepw C-sXmpw ]m-Sn-s-v B-scnepw ]-d-m Ah-sc h-c-p-hm-Z-mcpw bm-Ym-n-Xn-Icpw Im-ew Xn-cn-bm-hcp-sam-s-bm-bn-m-bn-cnpw B-[p\n-I
X-eap-d Nn-{Xo-I-cn-pI.
F-m \_n ]-d-bp-Xv Im-WpI: ""H-cp ]p-cp-j-\pw A-\y kv-{Xo-bp-ambn X-\n-m-I-cp-Xv'' (_p-Jm-cn). A-cw
km--l-N-cy--fn aq-m-a-\m-bn ]n-im-Npm-Ip-sapw \_n D-Wn (AlvaZv, Xn-anZn) A-hn-Spvv hopw ]-dbpp: ""\n (A-\y)kv{- Xo-If
- p-sS ASp- sNp-Xv kq-n-p-I. A-tm
H-cm tNm-Znp: ""Am-lp-hn-s Zq-Xsc,
`-m-hn-s _-p-hm-sWntem?''
\_n ]dp: `-m-hn-s _-p
a-cW
- a
- m-Wv.'' (_p-Jmcn)
hf-sc A-Y-K-`am-b D-]-tZ-i-am-Wv
{]-hm-NI \-In-bXv. "I-n {_tZ-gvkv' F- t]-cnepw k-l-{]-h--Icpw k-l]
- mTn-Ifpw F-sm-s ]-dpsIm-p- A-\-lhpw A-hn-ln-Xh
- pamb kw-Ka
-
- ]n-o-Sv a-v ]-eX
- n-tepw
\-bn-p-Ibpw A-h-km-\w sIm-e-]m-X-Ihpw B-l
- X
- ybp-sam-s kw-`h
- n-p-Xpw C-v \mw hm--I-fm-bn tIp-sImn-cn-p-p. s{S-bn bm-{X-n-sS sIms- ku-ay-bpw C-php-sam-s A-hb
- n
hm--bn-en-Sw t\Sn-b Nn-e t]-cp-I
am-{Xw. C-cw k-tlm-Z-cn-am-sc \-ap-v
\--s-Sm-Xn-cn-m, \-p-sS a- C-cw I-t-
- -v C-cI
- f
- m-Im-Xn-cn-m ssZhn-I am-K-\n-tZ-i- kzo-I-cnp-IqtS? F tNm-Zy-am-Wv C-hn-sS {]-k-am-Ip-X
- v.

bm-{X-n-Sb
- n-em-Wv kw-`h
- n-Xv. km-lN
- cy-sf ]-n t_m-[-ap- G-Xm\pw Nne c-n-Xm- A-sXm-s Ip-d-s-nepw {i-n-t-p-sa-m-sX A-[n-Ia
- mcpw
A-sXmpw {i-n-m-dn. ]-epw Aan-Xam-b B-h
- n-izm-kh
- p-amWv. F-m
A-\n--I-cam-b ]-eXpw kw-`-hn-v I-gnbp-tm am-{X-am-Wv A-c
- a
- m-fp-I hnc-ep-I-Sn-p-Xv. ]-t AXp-sIm-sv Im-cyw?
Iu-am-c{- ]m-b
- m-cnepw bp-hX
- o-bp-hm-fnepw bm-{X-n-Sb
- n \-S
- p- A-hnln-X k--w -eI
- m-et- _m-[w t]mepw \--sp-t]m-b \n-e-bn-ep- s]-cpam---fm-bn ]pd-v h-cm-dpv. k-l-bm{Xn-I Im-Wp-tXm tI-p-tXm Hpw hn-jb
- a
- m-m-sX X-f
- p-sS "cm-keoe'Ifpw "sIm-p-h-am-\'fpw A-h
\n-_m-[w Xp-S-cp-I-bm-Wv ]-Xn-hv. C-Xns-sbmw ]-cn-WnXntbm? I-_-fn-n-s-Sp- s]-Ip-n-bp-sSbpw Nqj-Ww
sN-s
- - kv{- Xo-Xz-n-sbpw I-o-cn
Ip-Xn- I-Z\
- I
- Y
- I
- - am-{X-am-bn-cn-pw.
A-Xym-hi
- y-pw kp-c
- n-Xa
- m-K
- nep-am- bm-{X-I H-gn-hm-p-I. kwkm-chpw C-S]
- g
- I
- e
- p-Ifpw am-\y-am-p-I.
ku-c
- y-{]-Zi-\w A-]I-Sw h-cp-n-shp-sa-v Xn-cn--dn-bp-I. Am-lp ]-d-bpp: ""{]-hm-N-I]-Xv-\n-amtc, kv-{Xo-I-fn
a-p B-sc-tm-se-bp-a \n. \n-
[-a\
- njvT ]m-en-p-p-sh-n \n
(A\y-tcmSv) A-\p-\-b kz-c-n kw-

km-cn-c
- pXv. A-tm lr-Zb
-
- n tcmK-ap-h-\v tam-lw tXm-n-tb-pw. \ymbam-b hm-v \n- ]-dp-sIm-pI. \n- \n--fp-sS ho-Sp-I-fn A-Sn-g- n-bp-Ibpw sN-p-I. ]-gb
- A-m\-Ime-s ku-c
- y-{]-IS-\w t]m-ep-
ku-c
- y-{]-IS-\w \n- \-S
- c
- pXv. \n \-a-kv-Im-cw ap-d-t]m-se \nh-lnp-I-bpw, k-Im-v \-Ip-I-bpw, Amlp-shbpw Ah-s Zq-X-s\bpw A-\p-kcn-p-Ibpw sN-pI. ({]-hm-N-Is) hop-Imtc! \n-f
- n-\n-v am-en-\y- \on-f
- b
- p-hm-\pw, \n-sf i-cn-bm-bn ipo-Ic
- n-p-hm\pw am-{X-am-Wv Am-lp Dt-in-p--Xv.'' (IzpB 33:32-33). AXn-\m kq-n-p-I, ZpxJn-t-n-hc
- n.
Iq-p-Im-cn-I-fp-am-bn Zm--Xy-c-l-ky ]-ph-v ]n-o-Sv a-sm-cp kv-{Xo-bpsS c-lk
- y-fpw ku-c
- yhp-sam-s kzw `-mhn-t\m-Sv hn-h-cn-p-Xpw
\_n hn-e-n-bn-p-v(_p-Jmcn). ImcWw, C-cw kw-kmc-s
- fm-s hn-Imc-sf Nq-Sp-]n-Sn-n-p-Ibpw ]-ehn-[ A\Y- A-Xn-eq-sS D-m-Ip-sa-X
- n-\mep-amWXv.
cm-]m
H-cp-an-p-- bm-{Xbpw ]-cn-[n-hn- kwkm-chpw am-{X-a A-Xn-\-pd-v H-np- cm-]m-e
- p-Ifpw k-lh
- m-k
- fpw
B-[p-\nI-k-aq-l-n h-f-p-hpsIm-n-cn-pp. bp-h-Xnbp-hm- H-

kp-c
- n-Xa
- m- bm{X
]n-Xmhv, k-tlm-Z-c t]m-ep- hnhm-l_-w \n-jn-am-b A-Sp- _p-t- fm (a-lvdw) `mthm H-a
- nmsX H-cp kv-{Xo Zq-c-bm-{X sN--cp-sX-mWv C-kvemw A-\p-im-kn-p-Xv. bm-{Xbn-em-Wv k-hhn-[ Ip-g--fpw A-Xn{I-a
- fpw \-S
- p-s
- X-v \-ap-d
- n-bmw.
hm-m-am-[y-a--fn-eq-sS ]p-d-p-h-
kv-{Xo-]o-U-\ tI-kp-I-fn H-p-an-Xpw

ssew-Kn-I-_--n-te-v a-\p-jy-s\ \-bn-p--Xn Hmtcm A-h-b-h-pw A-Xn-tXm-b ]-pv.

kv-{Xo-I-fn kv-]-i-\-n-eq-sS-bm-Wv ssewKn-tIm-tP-\w \-S-p--sX-n ]p-cpj-\v Im-gv-N-bn-eq-sS X-s
A-Xv \-S-p-p-sh-v ssew-Kn-I-a-\x-im-kv{Xw hy--am-pp. t\m--n\pw kw-km-c-n\pw
kv-]-i-\-n\p-sam-s ssew-Kn-I-X-bn-te-v a-\p-jy-s\ -\-bn-m km-[n-p-sa-Yw.
2013 s^{_phcn

31

ssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{I-a- \S-n sIm-Spw-{Iq-c-X Im-Wn--h-v am-Xr-Im-]-cam-b hn-[-n in-

e-`n-m--Xm-Wv C-cw ]-cm-{I-a- B-h-n-p--Xn-\p- {][m\ Im-cWw.
Ip-w sX-fn-bn--s-m ^-e-{]-Zam-b in- hn-[n-p-Ibpw B-fp-I Im-Wp-am-dv
]-c-ky-am-bnX-sIm-e-hn-fw-_w Iq-Sm-sXA-Xv \-S-n-em-p-Ibpw thWw.
cp-an-p- Zn-h-k- \o-p-\n--p-
k-l-hm-k-Iym-p-I Nne tIm-gv-kp-Ifp-sS X-s `m-Ka
- m-bn am-dn-bn-p-s-Xv
B-m-Wv A-dn-p-Iq-Sm-X
- ?v A-Xn
B-m-Wv {]-Xn-tj-[hpw hn-tbm-Pn-pap-Xv? C-cw km-lN
- c
- y-s
- fm-cp-n
X--fp-sS a-sf Xn--I-fn-te-v X-nhn-Sm {]m-b-n-s Nm-]-ey--smw Iq-p-\n-p- c-n-Xm--v X-fp-sS s]-Ip-n-I-fp-sS B-i-m-P-\Iam-b kp-c
- s
- b-p-dn-v D-cn-bm-Sm Fv A-hI
- m-ia
- m-Wp-Xv?
\_n ]-d-bp-p: ""H-cp ]p-cp-j\pw
H-cp kv{- Xo-tbm-sSm-w H-cp ho-n cm-]m-cpXv; `mthm A-Sp--_p-thm
(a-ldw) B-sW-n H-gn-sI.'' (C-_v\
- pln-m)
h-kv{Xw am-p-Xpw Ip-fn-p-Xpw
t]m-ep- kz-Im-cy-cw-K- h-sc c-lky-am-bn ]-I-n-sb-Sp-v Zp-cp-]t- bm-Kw
sN-p- ]-e "a-t\m-tcm-Kn'I-fp-sSbpw hm-I
- ]-et- m-gm-bn ]pd-v h-n-pv.
C-cw kz-Im-cy-\n-an-j
- f
- n-epw {i- ]men-W
- s
- a-v D-]t- Z-in-p- {]-hm-NI
- hN-\
- Im-Wm-hp-X
- m-W.v (A-la
-v Zv, C_v\
- p-ln-m)
kv]
- i\w
A-\y-kv-{Xobpw ]p-cp-j\pw X-n-ep tZ-lk
- v]
- -iw A-Xn-{I-a
- f
- n-tepw
ssewKn-I Nq-jW
-
- f
- n-tep-sam-s hgn-sh-p--XmWv. ""BWpw s]pw Hv sXm-m F-t B-Im-iw C-Sn-phogptam? ""F-v tNm-Zn-p-h
- c
- m-Wv B-[p\n-I bp-h-k-aq-ln-sem-cp-hn-`mKw. AsXmw H-cp ku-lr-Z-hpw kv{Xo kzm-X{yhp-sam-s-bm-bn Im-Wp-h
- c
- p-ap-v.
kv-{Xo]pcp-j l-kv-X-Zm-\hpw B-enw-K\hp-sam-s A--c-m-v A-ln-X-ambn-cn-n. ]t, A-Xv kv{- Xo-I-v t\sc- b p- I- t - - pw Nq- j - W pw \n-an-a
- m-Im-dp-s-X
- v hm-kvX-ha
- m-Wv.
\_n ]-d-bpp: ""X-\n-v A-\p-hZ-\o-b-am- H-cp kv-{Xo-bp-sS i-co-c-

n k-]-in-p-X
- n-t\-m D-aw
H-cm-v X-s X-e-bn C-cp-p-kqNnsIm-v Ip-e
- m-Wv.'' (Xz-_vd
- m-\n, ss_lJn, knkn-e kz-lo-l 226mw \-
l-ZoYv, ssi-Jv A-_m\n Cu l-Zo-Yv
kz-lo-lm-sW-v n-co-Ic
- n-n-pv)
kv{Xo i-co-c
- n kv]
- -in-p-X
- neq-sS-bp- Xm-men-I B-kzm-Z\
- t- m A-Xn-eq-sS e-`n-m-\n-cn-p- in-sb-p-dn-v t_m-[-ap-s-n kqNnsIm-p- Zwi-\w k-ly-am-bn-cnpw Abm-s-
- Yw.
in-m-\S- ]-Sn
ssew-Kn-Im-Xn-{I-a- \S-n sImSpw-{Iq-c-X Im-Wn--h-v am-Xr-Im-]-camb hn-[-n in- e-`n-m--Xm-Wv
C-cw ]-cm-{I-a- B-h-n-p-Xn-\p- a-sm-cp Im-cWw. B-fp-I ImWp-am-dv ]-c-ky-am-bnX-s in- \-S-mp-Ibpw thWw. Ip-w sX-fn-bn--sm ^-e-{]-Zam-b in- hn-[n-p-Ibpw
Im-eh
- n-fw-_w Iq-Sm-sX A-Xv \-S
- n-em-pIbpw thWw. A-Xn-\n-Sb
- n cm-{o-bDtZym-K- kzm-[o-\tam km--n-I_etam Hpw tI-kn-s\bpw hn-[n-sbbpw
K-Xn am-p-n F-v D-d-mp-I Iq-Sn
sN-bv-Xm C-cw {Iq-c-Ir-Xy- H-cp
]-cn-[nh-sc Ip-db
- p-sa-X
- m-Wv hm-kX
-v hw.
ku-Zn A-td-_y t]m-ep- C-kveman-I
in-m-hn-[n-I \-S-n-em-p- \m-Sp-Ifn C-cw Ip-I
- r-Xy- a-p \m-SpIsf A-t]-n-v Xp-temw Ip-dh
- mWv. Amlp ]-d-bpp: ""hy-`n-N-cn-p- kv-{Xo-]pcp-j-am-cn Hm-tcm-cp-s
- cbpw \n-
\q-dv A-Sn A-Sn-p-I, \n- Am-lphnepw A-y-Zn-\-nepw hn-iz-kn-p-h-cm-sW-n Am-lp-hn-s a-X-\n-b-an (A-Xv \-S
- m-p- hn-jb
-
- n)
A-h-tcm-Sp- Z-b-sbmpw \n--sf _m[n-m-Xn-cn-s. A-hc
- p-sS in- \-S
- ptS-v k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-If
- n-\n-p- Hcp kw-Lw k-n-ln-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sN-s.''(IzpB 24:2)
hn-hm-ln-Xcm-b ti-jw AY-hm A-

2013 s^{_phcn

32

\p-h-Z-\o-bam-b amK-n-eq-sS ssew-KnIm-h-iy- \n-h-ln-m A-h-k-c-apm-bnpw "th-en Nm-Sp--hv' C-kv-emanI cm{n F-dnp-sIm in-
\-Im-\m-Wv aXw A-\p-im-kn-p-Xv.
ssZ-hk
- va
- c
- W
- b
- pw [m-an-It- _m-[h
- panm-X
- mWv G-Xv {]-i\
-v
- f
- p-sSbpw ASn-m-\I
- m-cWw. X-s kr-n-p-Ibpw
]-cn-]m-en-p-Ibpw sN-p- {k-m-hn-s
am-K-\n-tZ-i- a-\-n-em-n ]n-]p-Ib
- m-sW-n A-Xv a-\p-jy-ka
- q-l
- n\v \-bpw kp-c
- n-XX
- z-hpw {]-Zm-\w sNp--Xm-bn-cn-pw. {]-]--am-kI-ew GsXm-cp c-n-Xm-hn-s am-KZ- -i\
- amtWm
]n-]-p-Xv, B Ip--a- am-Kw {]-IrXn-bp-sS `m-Kam-b a-\p-jy\pw ]n-]-pI-bm-sW-n A-tX Xm-f-sm-cp-hpw
im--Xbpw a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-nepw \n-e\n-p--XmWv. A-Xv A-h-K-Wn-v Pohn-p-Xp-sIm-m-Wv Po-hn-Xw I-ep-jnXhpw A-im-n-bp-sS C-cpap-n-b-Xp-ambn am-dp--Xv. Am-lp ]-d-bpp: ""Fs DXv-t_m-[\-s hn-v h-h\pw Xncn-p-If
- b
- p- ]-w Xo-b
- mbpw Ahv C-Spn-b H-cp Po-hn-X-am-Wp-m-bn-cnp-I. D-bn-s-gp-t-]n-s \m-fn
Ah-s\ \mw A-\m-b \-e-bn F-gpt- ] np- s Im- p- h - c p- - X p- a m- W v . ''
(IzpB 20:124)
""\n--v G-sXm-cm]-v _m-[n-np-s-nepw A-Xv \n--fp-sS ssI-I
{]-h-n-X
- n-s ^-ea- m-bn-p-Xs
- -bmWv.
an-Xpw A-h am-m-p-Ibpw sN-pp.'' (IzpB 42:30)
""a-\p-jy-cp-sS ssI-I {]-h-nXv \n-an-w I-c-bnepw I-S-enepw Ipg-w
sh-fn-s-n-cn-pp. A-h {]-h-n-Xn Nn-e-Xn-s ^-ew A-h-v B-kzZn-p-hm th-n-bs{X AXv. A-h H-cp
th-f a-S-n-tb-mw.'' (IzpB 30:41)
]t, B "tjm-v {So-v-san'eq-sS
I-npw sIm-n-pw ]Tn-p-n F-Xm-Wv C-s {]-iv\w. Am-lp \s Im-p-c
- n-s!

Im-cp-Wy-n-s- Zq-X
am-\-hn-I-X-bp-sS- a-XwD-kv-am- ]m-e-m-gnC-kv-em-w- F-- hm-n-s- A-Yw- k-a--]-Ww,- A-\p-k-c-Ww,- k-am-[m-\w- F-sm-am-Wv.- A-m-lp-hn-s\- k--hm--\m- A-\pk-cn-p-hm-\pw- A-h-v- Io-g-vs]-Sp-hm-\pwk-h-kz-hpw- A-h-s- {]o-Xn-m-bn- k-a--]-n-p-hm-\pw- X-bm-dm-Ip--h\m-Wv- ap-k-venw.A-Xn-\m- H-cp- b-Ym-Y- ap-kv-enw- k-am-[m-\-{]n-b-\-m-bn-cn-pw.- I-em-]-n-s-bpwXn--bp-sS-bpw- k-t-i-a--,-- Im-cp-Wy-n-s-bpw- \--bp-sS-bpw- k-t-i-am-W-v C-kv-emwtem-I-n-\p- \-Ip--Xv.A-m-lp{]-]--\m-Y-\v- A-d-_n-bn- ]-d-bp-- t]-cm-Wv- "A-m-lp'- F--Xv.- "A-m-lp'ap-kv-enw-I-fp-sS- am-{X-w- ssZ-h-a-.- A-m-lp-hn-s- G--hpw- {]-[m-\-s-- D-Xv-Ir-j-vSKp-W
- f
- n-sem-m-bn- Iz-p
- B
-
- - ]-cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-p-X
- v- I-cp-W(- d-lva
-
- v)b
- m-Wv.""F-s- Im-cp-Wy-am-Is
- - F-m- h-kvX
- p-s
- f-bpw- D-sm-p-X
- m-bn-cn-p-p''(Izp--B-- 7:-156).- A-dz-lv-am-(]-c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I),- A-dz-low- (I-cp-Wm-\n-[n)- F-n-hA-m-lp-hn-s- Im-cp-Wy-s- Ip-dn--p-- c-p- hn-ti-j-W--fm-Wv.- H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-sPo-hn-X-n- A-bm- G--hp-a-[n-I-w- X-h-W- B--h-n-p-- ssZ-hn-I-hn-ti-j-W-C-h- c-p-am-bn-cn-p-w.- Im-cp-Wy-s- X-s-ta- _m-[y-X-bm--n-bh-\m-W- v- A-m-lp.A-h-s- Im-cp-W-y-w- tIm-]-s--m- ap-n-\n-p-Xp-am-Wv.- A-m-lp-hn-s- A-f-h- Im-cp-Wy-n-\p- Io-gn- Po-hn-p-- a-\p-jy-\pw I-cp-W-bp--h-\m-bn-cn--W-sa--Xv
C-kve
- m-an-s- A-\p-im- k
- \
- b
- m-Wv.2013 s^{_phcn

33

ap-l--Zv- \-_n-
ap-l--Zv- \-_n-- ]-d-p-:- ""P-\-tfm-Sv- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-m--h-\v- A-mlp- I-cp-W- sN-n-''- (_p-Jm-cn,ap-kv-enw).-a--bn- Po-hn-- ]-Xn-aq-ph-jm-ew- sIm-Sn-b- ]o-U\
-
- k-ln-t-n-h
- p- {]-hm-NI
-
- p- wA-\p-bm-bn-I-pw.- ]-t,- Xn-cn-smpw- sN-bv-X-n-.- A-m-lp-hn-s- A-\p-aXn- e-`n--ti-jw- am-{X-am-Wv {]-Xn-tcm-[n-\p- t]m-epw- ap-Xn--Xv.- ]-n-Xr-hy-\mb- lw-k--sb-- sIm-v- I-c-]-dn-s-Spp- N-h-p-Xp-n-b- hy-n-v- am-psIm-Sp-- {]-hm-N-I-,- Pq-X-s-- ar-XtZ-lw- sIm-p-t]m-Ip-X
- p- - I-t- mF-gp-t-p-\n-- Xn-cp-Zq-X-...- A-sX,A-t-lw- Im-cp-Wy-n-s- Zq-X\
- m-bn-cpp;-- B- Zq-X-\n-eq-sS- A-m-lp- tem-In-\p- k-a-]-n-- a-Xw- am-\-hn-I-X-bp-sSa-X-hpw.[-aw- tNm-Zn-p-h--,- kw-kv-Im-c-sas--dn-bm-- H-cp- {Kmao-W- Ad-_n{]-hm-N-I-s- Np-a-en- In-S-p-apn- i--am-bn- ]n-Sn-p-h-en-v- thZ\n-n-n-pw- ]p-n-cn-tbm-sS- A-bm-sft\m--p-I-bpw- A-bm-fp-sS- B-h-iyw- \n-dth-n-sm-Sp-m- I-]n-p-Ib
- pam-WvA-t-lw- sN-bvX
- Xv!- - am-\h
- c
- m-in-m-Ia
- m\-ap-- am-Xr-Im-]p-cp-j-sd- k
-- z-`m-hssh-in-j-vTyw-!-- H-cp- {Km-ao-W\v- C-{X-bpw[n-m-c-tam,- A-m-lp-hn-s-- Zq-X-\pwhn-izm-kn-If
- p-sS- t\-Xm-hp-amb- F-sA-]-am-\n-- Cu- a-\p-jy-s\- sh-dp-sXhn-p-Iq-Sm- F-sm-pw- B- a-lm-\p-`mh- Nn-n-n-.hn-ip-- Iz-p-B-\n-s-d- I-]-\I- Ir-Xy-am-bpw- Po-hn-X
- n]-I-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p- A-t-lw. A-mlp- ]-d-bp-p-:""hn-p-ho-gv-N-bp-sS- am-Kw- kzo-Icnp-I.- \--Xv- I-]n--p-I.- A-hnthInIsf- A-h-K-Wn-p-I-bpw- sNpI'' (7:-195).""A-h- am-p-\-Ip-I-bpw- hn-p-hogvN- I-m-Wn--p-I-bpw- sN--s-!- Amlp\n--v- s]m-dp-p-X-c-W-sa-v- \n-fm-{K-ln-p-n-t?''- (24:22).{]-hm-N-I- X-\n-p-th-n- H-cne-pw- H-cp- Im-cy-n-epw- {]-Xn-Im-c- \-S]-Sn- kzo-I-cn-n-n-!-- kv-{Xo-I-sf-tbm- `-r-

""Bscnepw Amlphnepw
AyZn\nepw
hnizknppshn Ah
Xsd IpSpw__w
tNpsIms''
(_pJmcn, apkvenw)

Xy-sc-tbm- H-cn--epw- {]-l-cn-n-n!

"Hcn-- H-cp- {Km-ao-W- ]--n-bnaq-{X-sam-g-n-p.-- A-tm- B-fp-I- A-tl-s- X-S--s-Sp-m- {i-an-p.- D-Ss\- \-_n-- ]-d-p-:- "\n-- A-bm-sfhn-t-p-I.- A-bm-fp-sS- aq-{X-n- H-cpsXm-n- sh--sam-gn-p-I.- \n-i-vN-bwF-mw- A-\m-bm-kI
- c
- a
- m-m-\m-Wv\n-- \n-tbm-Kn- X-cm-bX
- v.- {]-bm-k]
- qW-am-p-X
- n-\
- ''-(_p-Jm-cn).-A-\y-aX
-
- tcm-Sp-- \n-e]
- m-Svkz-w- B-Z-iw- ap-dp-sI-n-Sn-psIm-v- A-\y-a-X--cp-am-bn- kvt\-ln-epw- ku-lm-Z-n-epw- I-gn-bp-hm\m-Wv- C-kv-emw- I-]n-p--Xv.- Abhm-kn- G-Xp- a-X-m-c-\m-sW-n-epwA-bm- ]-n-Wn- I-nS-
- p-Ib
- m-sW-nA-bm-v- `--Ww- sIm-Sp-m-sX- hb-\n-d-p-p--h- b-Ym-Y- -hn-izm-knb- F-m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s- A-[ym-]\w.- hn-ip-- Iz-p-B- ]-d-bp-p:"- "a-XI
- m-cy-n- \n-t- fm-Sv- bp-wsN-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw-,- \n--fpsS- ho-Sp-Ifn-\n-v- \n--sf- ]p-d-m-m-Xn-cn-pI-bp- sN-p--h-sc- kw_-\v-[n-n-S-tmfw- \n-- A-h-v- \--sN-p--Xn-\n-pw- \n-fh-tcm-Sv- \o-Xn- Im-Wn-p-Xn-\n-pw- A-m-lp- \n--sf- hn-ep-n-.- Xo-bmbpw- A-m-lp- \o-Xn]m-en-p--h-sc- C-jv-S-s-Sp-p''- (60:-8).amXm]nXmtfm-S-v
hr-cm-b- am-Xm-Xm-]n-Xm-s
- f- `m-cam-bn- Im-Wp-Xpw- A-h-v- kv-t\-lhpw- Im-cp-Wy-hpw- \n-tj-[n-v- hr--k-Z\--fp-sS- Np-a-cp-I-pn- A-h-scX-f
- n-Sp-X
- p-am-Wv- h-a
- m-\I
- m-ekw-kv-Im-cw.- F-m- H-cm-fp-sS- kzKhpw- \-c-I-hpw- Xo-cp-am-\n-p--Xnam-Xm-]n-Xm-t- fm-Sp-- A-bm-fp-sS- \n-e]m-Sp-Iq-Sn- ]-cn-K-Wn-p-sa-- k-t-i-am2013 s^{_phcn

34

Wv- C-kv-emw- \-Ip--Xv.- A-m-lp- ]-dbp-p-:-""XsbmsX \n Bcm[n

cpsXpw amXm]nXmv \a
sNWsapw \ns cnXmhv
hn[nncnpp. Ahcn (amXm]nXm
fn) Hcmtfm Ah cp-t]cpw
Xstbm \ns ASp shv
hmIyw {]m]npIbmsWn
AhtcmSv \o "sO'- Fv ]dbpItbm,
AhtcmSv IbpItbm sNcpXv.
AhtcmSv \o am\yamb hmv ]dbpI.
ImcpWytmSv IqSn FfnabpsS NndIv
\o Ah Ccphpw
XmgvnsImSppIbpw sNpI.
Fs cnXmth, sNdpn Ch
Ccphcpw Fs t]mnhfnbXv
t]mse ChtcmSv \o IcpW
ImWnWta Fv \o ]dbpIbpw
sNpI''- (17:- 23,-24)-.
am-Xm-]n-Xm-t- fmSv- Im-cp-Wyw- Im-Wnt--Xn-s-bpw- A-h-sc- B-Z-cn-t-Xn-s\-bpw- {]m-[m-\yw- hn-ip--- Iz-p-B\pw- \-_n-b
-- pw- Ku-c-h-tmsS- Du-n-d--Xm-bn- Im-Wp-hm- km-[n-pw.am-Xm-]n-Xm-- Po-hn-n-cn-s- ]-em-b\w- sN-p-hm-\pw- [-a-bp-w- sN-p-hm\pw- X-bm-dm-b- H-cm-tfm-S- v- \-_n--- ]-d-Xv- "\o- A-m-lp-hn-\n-v- {]-Xn-^-ewB-{K-ln-p-p-sh-n- a-S
- n-s-vA-h-cn-cp-h-cp-am-bp-- k-l-hm-kw-- \-mp-I'- F-m-Wv- (_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).a-sm-cn-- \-_n-- ]-d-p-:""A-bm- \n-`m-Ky-hm-,- \n-`m-Ky-hm-,\n-`m-Ky-hm-''.- A-\p-N-c-m- tNm-Zn-p-:""{]-hm-N-I-tc,- B-cm-Wv- \n--`m-Ky-hm?''.- \-_n-- ]-d-p-:- ""X-s- am-Xm-]n-Xm-tfm- A-h-cn- H-cm-tfm- hm--[-I-y-_m[n-X-cm-bn- X-s- A-Sp--ep-m-hp-I-bpwF-n-pw- kz-K-n- {]-th-in-m-Xn-cnp-I-bpw-- sN-bv-X-h''- (ap-kv-enw).-_-w- - ap-dn-c
- p-XvIp-Spw-_-_--- t]m-epw- I--h-Sh-Xv-I-cn--s-- Im-e-am-Wn-Xv.- kv-t\-ln-s- am-\-Z--am-bn- ]-Ww- am-dn-bn-cnp-p.- F-m- C-kv-emw- Ip-Spw-__--sf- ]-hn-{X-am-bn- Im-Wp-p.{]-hm-N-I--- ]-d-p-:- ""Bscn
epw Amlphnepw AyZn\nepw
hnizknppshn- Ah Xsd

IpSpw__w tNpsIms''
(_pJmcn, apkvenw).hn-ip-- Iz-p-B- ]-d-bp-p-:- ""...-GsXm-cp- -Am-lp-hn-s- t]-cn- \n-A-t\ym-\y- w- tNm-Zn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-pthm- A-h-s\- \n-- kq-n-p-I-.- IpSp-w-_-_---sf-bpw-- -(\n-- kq-np-I-)''- (4:-1)-.cIvX_ns] BfpI
]nWnbnepw {]bmkfnepw
Ignbptm Ahsc ]cnKWnmsX
kvYm\am\fpw BZchpw
{]XonpsImv aphv
[awsImSpv [anjvTsc
`mhn hnekp NnebmfpIfpv.
Acmv apdnbnmbnsmv
\_n- ]dp:
""Fs kXyhpambn
\ntbmKnhs\smv kXyw!
BcpsSsbnepw ASpv AbmfpsS
Zm\w Bhiyap ASp
_pfpmbncns aphv
AXv \Inbm B Zm\w Amlp
kzoIcnpIbn. Fsd BXvamhv
BcpsS InemtWm Ahs\smv
kXyw! AyZn\n Amlp
Ahs\ t\mpIbpan'' (Xz_vdm\n).
\-_n--- ]-d-p:- ""]-I-c-n-\p- ]-Icw- _-w- ]p-e--p--h-\-- Ip-Sp-w-__-w- ]p-e-p--h.- ap-dn-p-t]mb- _-w- ]p-\x-kv-Ym-]n-p--h-\m-Wvb-Ym-Y-n- Ip-Spw-_-_-w- ]-p-ep--h''- (_p-Jm-cn).
""A-K-Xn-I-p-- [-aw- [-aw- am{X-am-Wv.- Ip-Sp-w-_-_--ap-h--p-[-a-n-\v- c-p- {]-Xn-^-e-ap-v-;- [-an-s-bpw- Ip-Spw-_-_-w- tN--Xns-bpw''- (Xp-ap-Zn).-

Sp--Xn-\n-v- A-h- sN-e-hn-\p-sImSp--s...''- (65:- 7).""Ip-Spw-_-_--ap--h-v- A-h-sA-h-Im-iw- \o- \-Ip-I...''- (17:- 26).\-_n--- ]-d--p-:- ""A-m-lp-hn-\nv- {]-Xn-^-ew- B-{K-ln-p-sIm-v- H-cpap-kv-enw- X-s- Ip-Spw-_-n-\p-th-n[-\w- sN-e-h-gn-m- A-X-hs- Zm-\-[a-am-bn- ]-cn-K-Wn-p--Xm-Wv''- (_p-Jm-cn,ap-kv-enw).\-_n--- ]-d--p-:- ""\o- \n-s- A-\-cm-hI
- m-in-Is
- f- k-
- c
- m-bn- hn-t-pt]m-Ip--Xm-Wv- A-h-sc- B-fp-I-fp-sS- apn- ssI-\o-p-- ]-cm-{in-X-cm-bn- D-t]n-p--Xn-s\-m- \--Xv.- A-m-lphn-s- {]o-Xn- Imw-n-v- \o- sN-e-hgnp-- F-n-\pw- \n-\-v- {]-Xn-^-ew- e-

B-{in-Xs
- c- A-hK
- W
- n-c
- p-X-v
X-s- B-{i-bn-p- Po-hn-p--h-vsN-e-hn-\p- sIm-Sp-m-sX- I-jv-S-s-Spp--Xv- h-Ip--am-bn- C-kv-emw- Im-Wpp.- \-_n--- ]-d-p-:- ""Xm- sN-e-hn\p- sIm-Sp-t--h-sc- A-h-K-Wn-p-Xp-X-s- H-cm-fp-sS- ]m-]-am-bn- a-Xn-bm-Ip-Xm-Wv''- (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv).A-m-lp- ]-d-bp-p-:- ""I-gn-hp--hX-s- I-gn-h-\p-k-cn-v- sN-e-hn-\p- sImSp--s.- h--h-pw- X-s- D-]-Po-h-\w- CSp-n-b-Xm-bm- A-m-lp- A-h-\v- sIm-

""hn-[-h-I-fp-sS-bpw- A-K-Xn-I-fpsS-bpw- t-a-n-\p-th-n

-{]- h-n-p--h- A-m-lp-hns- am-K-n- [-a-k-a-cwsN-p--h-s\-t]m-se-bm-Ip--p.-''(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw)

2013 s^{_phcn

35

`n-m-Xn-cn-n-.- F-{X-tm-fs
- a-m\o- \n-s- `m-cy-bp-sS- hm-bn- sh-psIm-Sp-p-- B-lm-c-n-\p-h-sc''(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).C-W-Itfm-Sv`m-cy-am-sc- F-p-sN-p-hm-\p-ap-A-\p-hm-Zw- C-kv-emw- ]p-cp-j-m-v- \-Ip-n-.- A-h-cp-sS- hy-n-X-zw- A-w-KoI-cn-p-hm-\pw- A-h-sc- kv-t\-ln-phm\p-w- A-h-tcm-Sv- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-p-hm-\pwC-kv-emw- B-h-iy-s-Sp-p-.- A-m-lp]-d-bp-p:""\n-- A-ht- cm-Sv- (`m-cy-am-tcm-Sv)a-cym-Z-tbm-sS- h-n-p-I''- (4:-19).\-_n-- ]-d-p-:- ""H-cp- k-Xy-hnizmkn-bm-b- ]p-cp-j-\p-w- H-cp- k-Xy-hn-izmkn-\n-sb- Ip--s-Sp-n- k-w-km-cn--cpXv.- A-h-fp-sS- H-cp- kz-`m-h-n- A-Xr]v-Xn- tXm-n-bm- X-s- a-p- ]-e-XpwA-bm-sf- Xr-]vX
- n-s-Sp-p-X
- m-bn-cnpw''- (ap-kv-enw).""Iq-Sp-X- \-- kz-`m-h-ap-- k-Xyhn-iz-mk
- n-If
- m-tcm- A-hc
- m-Wv- k-Xy- h
- nizm-k-n-s- ]q-W-X-bp-am-bn- Ip-SpX- A-Sp--h.- \n--fn- `m-cy-amp- \--h- B-tcm- A-h-cm-Wv- Iq-Sp-X-\--h''- (Xp-ap-Zn).A-_q-lp-d-bv-d
- \n-th-Z-\w-:- G--hpw-

D--a-bm-b- `m-cy- G-Xv- F-v- \-_n-tbm-Sv- B-tcm- tNm-Zn-p.- A-hn-Sp-v- ]-dp-:- ""X-s- `-m-hv- t\m-p-tmA-bm-sf- k-tm-jn-n-p-Ib
- pwA-bm- I-]n-p-tm- A-\p-k-cn-pI-bpw- X-s- i-c-o-c-n-tem- A-bm-fp-sSk-
- n-tem- A-bm-v- C-jvS- a
- n-m-\n-e-]m-Sv- kzo-I-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bpwsN-p-h''- (\-km-Cu).\-_n-- ]-d-p-:- ""`-m-hn-t\m-Sv\-n- I-m-Wn-m-- H-cp- kv-{Xo-bn-tepw- Am-lp- Im-cp-Wy-n-s- t\m-wt\m-p-Ib
- n-''- (\-km-Cu).-

s- B-Ip-n-v- A-h-sf-m- {]-m-apJyw- \-Im-Xn- c

- n-p-Ib
- pw- sN-bvX
- mA-m-lp- A-bm-sf- kz-K-n- {]-thin-n-pw''- (A-_p- Z- m-hq-Zv).A-\kv \n-th-Z-\w-:- \-_n-- X-sssI-hn-c-ep-I- tN-p-]n-Sn-p-sIm-vC--s\- ]-d-p-:- ""B-sc--n-epw- c-ps]-Ip-n-I-v- A-h- {]m-b-]q--nsb-p--Xp-h-sc- B-{i-b-am-bn- h--nm- A-bm-fpw- Rm-\pw- ]p-\-cp-m-\\m-fn- C-{]-Im-ca
- m-bn-cn-pw''- (ap-kvenw).\-_n-- ]-dp-:- ""B-sc-n-epwaq-v- s]-Ip-n-I-sf- kw-c-n-v- h-f-p-I-bpw- A-h-v- hn-Zym-`ym-kw- \Ip-I-bpw- A-h-sc- hn-h-m-lw- I-gn-p-sImSp-p-I-bpw- A-h-tcm-Sv- D--a-k-ao-]-\wssI-sm-p-Ib
- pw- sN-bvX
- m- A-h
- vkz-Ka
- p-v''-(A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv).-

a-t- fm-S-v
a-sf- \--h-cm-n- h-f-p-hmC-kv-emw- A-\p-im-kn-p-p.- hnizm-k ]-c-am-bpw- kz-`m-h-]-c-am-bpw- A-h-sc\-m-n-sb-Sp-p-hm- am-Xm-]n-Xm-_m-[y-cm-Wv.- A-h-sc- kv-t\-ln-p-Xn-epw- A-h-tcm-Sv- Im-cp-Wy-hpw- hm-k-ey-hpw- Im-Wnp--Xn-epw-- am-Xm-]nXm-- ]n-ip-v- Im-Wn-p-hm- ]m-Sn-.- \-_n--- ]-d-p-:- ""H-cp- ]n-Xm-hn-\pwX-s- k--Xn-v- \-- in--W-sm- a-l-m-b- H-cp- k-m-\w- \Im- I-gn-bp-I-bn-''- (Xp-ap-Zn).H-cm- X-s- a--fn- H-cm--pam-{Xw- Z-m-\w- \-In-b- hn-h-c-a-dn-tm- {]-hm-N-I- ]-d-p-:- ""\n-A-m-lp-hn-s\- kq-n-p-I.- k-m-\-n-S-bn- \n-- \o-Xn- ]m-en-pI''- (_-p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).s]-Ip-n-It- fm-S-v
{]-hm-N-I-s- {]-t_m-[n-X- k-aq-ln- s]-Ip-n-I-sf- A-]-am-\-am-bnIm-Wp--h-cpw- A-Xn-\m- A-h-sc- Po-ht\m-sS- Ip-gn-p-aq-Sp--h-cp-ap-m-bn-cpp.- B- Im-ew-- a-S-n-h--Xp-t]m-se-bmWn--s- A-h-!- B-[p-\n-I- k-aql-n-e-pw- A-m-\-Im-e-s- t]-m-ses]-Ip-n-I- im-]-hpw- `m-c-hp-ambnIm-Wp-h
- t- c-sd-bp-v!- - A-Xp-sIm-vK-`m-ib
-
- n-sh-p-Xs
- - A-hs
- fsIm-e-sN-p-p.- B-Ip-n-tbm-Sv- A-Xnc-- kv-t\-lw- Im-Wn-p-tm- s]Ip-n-tbm-Sv- A-h
b
- Im-Wn-p-Ib
- pwA-h-sf- A-h-K-Wn-p-I-bpw- sN-p-p.\-_n-- ]-d-p-: -""H-cm-v- H-cps]-Ip-n- P-\n-p-I-bpw- A-bm- BIp-n-s\- Ip-gn-p-aq-Sm-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw- X-

Zp-_e
- h
- n-`m-K
- t- fm-SvA-\m-Y,- A-K-Xn-I,- h-n-[-h-I
Xp-S-n-b-h-tcm-Spw- a-s-m- Zp-_-e-hn-`mK-t- fm-Spw- Im-cp-Wy-tm-sS- h-n-W-sa-v- C-kv-emw- A-\p-im-kn-p-p.A-m-lp- ]-d-bp-p-:- ""...F-n-cn-s- A\m-Y-sb- \-o- A-S-n--a--cp-Xv.- tNm-Zn-ph-cp--h-s\- \o- hn-c-n-hn-Sp-I-bpw- sN-cp-Xv''- (93:-9,-10).A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-]-d-p-:- ""hn-[-h-I-fp-sS-bpw- A-K-Xn-I-fpsS-bpw- t-a-n-\p-th-n--{]-h-n-p-h- A-m-lp-hn-s- am-K-n- [a-ka
- c
- w- sN-p-h
- s
- \-t]m-se-bm-Ip-p- .''(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).ap-kv-A-_v- _n- k-Av-Zv- X-\n-va-p-h-sc-m- t{i-jvT
- X
- b
- p-s-v- Icp-Xn-bn-cp-p.- \-_n-- A-t-l-s- Xn-

H-cn-- \-_n--bp-sSA-Sp-p-Iq-Sn- Nq-Sn-cp-p-sh-vs]m-n-v- A-S-bm-fs-Sp-n-bH-cp- I-gp-X- \-S-p-t]m-bn-.A-Xp-I--tm- Xn-cp-ta-\n]-d-p-:- ""C-Xn-\v- Cu- A-S-bm-fwsh--h-s\- A-m-lp- i-]n--s''(ap-kv-enw)

2013 s^{_phcn

36

cp-n-sm-v- ]-d-p-:- ""\n-- klm-bn-s

- -Sp-X
- pw- \n--v- A-w\-I-s-Sp--Xpw- \n--fn-se- Zp-_-e\n-an--a-t?''- (_p-Jm-cn).""...A-K-Xn-pw- h-gn-t]m---pw- (Ah-cp-sS- A-h-Im-iw- \-Ip-I)-.- \o- [-\wZp-hy-bw- sN--cp-Xv''- (Izp-B- 17:-26).
A-b-hm-kn-tbm-S- v^vf
- m-v- kw-kvI
- m- c
- w- h-t- Xm-sS- Ab-]-- _---fp-sS- Du-jv-a-f-X- hn\-jv-S-am-bn-p-v.- A-Sp-- ^v-fmn-epwA-b-]--ho-n-epw- H-cp- a-c-Ww- \-Sm-t]m-epw- A-dn-bm-- A-h-!- Adn-bm- Xm-]-cy-an-m-- a-\-p-I.A-b-m-sc- t{Zm-ln-m- km-[n-pt-St- m-fw- t{Zm-ln-p-Ib
- pw- sN-pw.F-m- C-kve
- mw- A-b-]
- _
-
- s- Ku-c-h-n-se-Sp-p-p.- {]-hm-NI-- ]-d-p-:- ""A-m-lp-hn-epw- Ay-Zn-\-n-epw- hn-iz-kn-p--hX-s- A-b-hm-kn-sb- t{Z-ml
- n-m-Xn-cn-s''- (_p-Jm-cn,- ap-k-venw).a-sm-cn-- A-hn-Sp-v- kv-{Xo-I-sfhn-fn-p-sIm-v- ]-d-p-:- ""H-cp- A-bhm-kn-\n-bpw- X-s- A-b-hm-kn-\n-vG-sXm-cp- km-[-\w- sIm-Sp-p--Xpw\n-m-c-am-bn- Im-W-cp-Xv.- A-sXm-cpB-Sn-s- Ip-f-m-sW-n-epw''- (_p-Jm-cn,ap-k-venw).Ip-Spw-__
-
- a
- p-- A-b-m-tcmSpw- A-\y-cm-b- A-b-mtcm-Spw- \--\ne-bn- h-n--W-sa-- v- hn-ip--IzpB- (4:-36)- I-]n-p-X
- p-Im-Wmw.Hcp a\pjy \_n-tbmSv
tNmZnp: ""Amlphnsd ZqXtc,
Rm \bmtfm Nobmtfm Fv
Fs\bmWv F\nv a\nemm
IgnbpI''? Atm \_n- ]dp:
""\o \ hyIvXnbmsWv \nsd
AbhmknI ]dbpXptIm
\o \bmfmsWv a\nempI.
Ah \o NobmfmsWv
]dbpXp- tIm \o Nobmfm
sWpw a\nemnsmpI''
(C_v\pamP).C-Xc
- - Po-hn-It- fm-Sva-\p-jy-tcm-Sp- am-{X-a-- C-X-c- Po-hnI-tfm-Spw- I-cp-WI
- m-Wn-m- C-ke
v- mwA-\p-i-m-kn-p-p-v.- Zm-ln-p- h-e-\m-b-v- sh-w-sIm-Sp-- H-cm- kz-

Km-hI
- min-bm-bX
- n-s-bpw- ]q-s
- b- `-Ww- sIm-Sp-m-sX- sI-n-bn-v- sIm-- kv{Xo-- \-cI
- m-hI
- m-in-bm-bX
- n-s-bpw- I-Y{]-hm-N-I-- ]-d-p-X-n-p-v.A-\-kv- ]-d-bp-p-:- ""\m-m-en-Isf- `-Ww- sIm-Sp-m-sX- sI-n-bn-Sp-Xv- \-_n-- hn-tcm-[n-n-cn-p-p''- (_pIm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).H-cn-- \-_n--bp-sS- A-Sp-p-Iq-SnNq-Sn-cp-p-sh-v- s]m-n-v- A-S-bm-fsSp-n-b- H-cp- I-gp-X- \-S-p-t]m-bn-.A-Xp-I--tm- Xn-cp-ta-\n- ]-d-p-:""C-Xn-\v- Cu- A-S-bm-fw- sh--h-s\- Am-lp- i-]n--s''- (ap-kv-enw).a-sm-cn-- \-_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-- ]-dp-:- ""H-cp- a-\p-jy- sN-Sn- \-Sp-I-tbmIr-jn-sN-p-It- bm- sN-p-p.- F-n-Xn-\n-v- ]-n-tbm,- a-\p-jy-t\m,Im-en-I-tfm- Xn-p-I-bpw- sN-p-p.F-n-e-Xv- A-h-v- [-a-am-bn- ]-cn-K-Wn-s-Sp--Xm-Wv''- (_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).C-kve
- m-an-s- Im-cp-Wy-n-s- G-Xm\pw- D-Zm-l-c-W--fm-Wv- ap-I-fn- hn-h-cn-Xv.- C--s\-bp-- H-cp- a-X-s ta]-d-- ta--I-fp-- C-kv-em-an-s\- Xn-bp-sS- a-X-sa-p- ap-{Z-Ip-p--Xn-s\m- h-en-b- A-{I-aw- F-p-v?- C-kvem-an-I- am-K-Z-i-\w- lr-Z-b-am-en-\y-sf- \o-w- sN-p--Xm-Wv-;- Im-ep-jy-fn-\n-v- A-I
- p-X
- m-Wv.- k-aq-l
- n\--bp-sS- \-dp-a-Ww- ]-c-p- C-kv-emwk-I-e-hn-[- Xn--I-fn-\n-pw- hn-p-\n-m- B-lzm-\w- sN-p-p.- k-ap-l-n\v- tZm-jI
- c
- a
- m-b- F-m Im-cy-s
- f-bp-wC-kv-emw- \n-jn--am-n-bn-p-v.- Nn-e- DZm-lc
- W
-
- - Im-Wp-I:- -

""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bp-sS- Im-cy-wA-p-X-I-cw- X-s.- F-mwA-h-\p- Kp-W-I-c-am-Wv.- Cu{]-tXy-I-X- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn--msX- a-m-p-an-.- k-tm-j-ap- A-h-bn- A-h\-n- Im-Wn-pw.- A-X-h-\vKp-W-I-c-am-Wv.- Zp-x-J-ap--tmA-h- -a- ]m-en-pw.- A-XpwA-h-\v- K-p-W-I-c-am-Wv ''(ap-kv-enw)

""kXyhnizmknItf, \n
Ccnbncnbmbn ]eni
XnmXncnpIbpw Amlpsh
kqnpIbpw sNpI. \n
hnPbnIfmtbmw''-(Izp-B- 3:-130)-.
""Amlp ]enisb
bnnpIbpw Zm\[asf
t]mjnnpIbpw sNpw. bmsXmcp
\nsI Zphrs\bpw Amlp
CjvSsSpX''-(2:-276)-.
P-m-_n- ]-d-bp--p-:- ""]en-i- Xnp--h-s\-bpw- A-Xv- Xo-p--h-s\-bpwA-Xn-s-d- C-cp- km-n-I-sf-bpw- A-Xns-d- F-gp-p-Imsc-bpw- \-_-n-- i-]nn-cn-p-p.- A-h-sc-mw- k-a-am-sW-pwAhnSp-v- ]-d-n-cn-p-p''.- (_p-Jmcn,- ap-kv-enw).-

]-en-i- F-- hn-\m-iw]-en-i- ]p-Xn-sbm-cp- Nq-j-W-am-K-a.- ]-t- A-Xp-v.- F-m- h--am\-Im-etem-Iw- ]-en-i-bp-sS- \o-cm-fn-n-Snn- sR-cn-a
-
-
- p-sIm-n- c
- n-pI-bm-Wv.- A-Xn-`o-Ic-am-b- H-- -cp- `o-j-Wnbm-WX
- n-v;- hy-n-I
-
- pw- cm-Py-p-sa-mw.- AX-n-s-d- sI-Wn-bn- s]-h- A-Xn-\n-pw- c--t\-Sm- I-gn-bmsX- Ip-Sp-n-n-S-p-p.C-kv-emw- ]-e-n-i-sb- \n-j--am-b- Imc-y
- f
- n-em-Wv- D-s]-Sp-n-bn-cn-p-X
- v.]-en-i
- m-c- \-cI
- m-hI
- m-in-bm-sW-vIzpB-- (2:-275)- {]-Jym-]n-n-p-v.2013 s^{_phcn

37

e-l-cn,- Nq-Xm-welcn; temInsd im]w.

hyIvXn IfpsS \mitlXp,
IpSpw_On{ZXbpsS {][m\
ImcWmc, kIe XnIfpsSbpw
amXmhv. Fnpw elcnbpsS
temIntev IpXnphm
BfpI sh sImpp.
]m\obamtbm ]pI bmtbm
assnepw cq]ntem A]w
elcn icocn {]thinnns
n Ah 21mw \qmn
Pohnphm Al\
Fphncnpp! A]samv
"hoin' "an\pm'h\v tImtfPv
IymkpIfn hnebnm
AhkvYbpw!
hyIvXnIsfbpw IpSpw_sbpw
kaqlsbpw ZpjnnpIbpw
\innpIbpw sNp kIehn[
elcn hkvXpsfbpw Ckvemw
\njnamn bncnpp; elcn
_m[nm{X sNdnb
AfhmsWn t]mepw. ImcWw,
Ckvemw a\pjys\ BZcnpp.
elcnbn apn PohnXw Xpem
a\pjys\ Ckvemw A\phZnpn.
elcnbn AenpXocm\pX
a\pjysd PohnXw.
AXpsImpXs hnip
IzpB aZyhpw NqXmhpw
ASap, i{XpXbpw hntZzjhpw
Cfn hnSpIbpw \mitlXphpamb
Fm XnIsfbpw hntcm[np.
hnip IzpB ]dbpp: "]nimNv

DtinpXv aZyneqsSbpw
NqXmneqsSbpw \nnSbn
i{XpXbpw hntZzjhpw Dfhmphm\pw
Amlpsh HmanpXn \npw
\akvImcn\npw \nsf
XSbphm\pw am{XamIpp. AXn\m
\n Ahbn\nv) hncanphm
Hcpaptm.'' (5:91)

a-cn-t-X
- p-v.- A-[\
- K
- v\
- I
- f
- m-bn]p-d-n-d--p-- kv-{Xo-I- ]p-cp-j-shn-Im-c-s- C-f-n-hn-Sp-I-bpw- H-cp-th-fA-m-cW
-
- m- A-{I-a
- n-\v- hnt[-bam-Ip-I-b-p-w- sNp--p- F--Xv- bm-YmYy-am-Wv.-

hy-`n-Nm-cwtem-I-w- C-p- t\-cn-Sp-- G--hpwh-en-b- Xn--I-fn-sem--v h-y-`n-Nm-c-am-Wv.ssew-Kn-Ihn-ip-n- H-cp- I-S--Y-bm-bnam-dp-- A-h

bn-te-m-Wv- tem-Iw\o-n-sm-n-cn-p-X
- v.- Sq-dn-k
- n-st]-cn- `-c-W-Iq-S-- hy-`n-Nm-c-n-\mbn- k-I-e-ku-I-cy--fpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-Spp-p.- -kz-X-{- sse-wK
-- n-X-bv-m-bn,ssew-Kn-Im-kzm-Z-\-n-\v- hn-e-p-IXo-p-X
- v- A-hI
- m-\n-tj-[a
- m-sW-p]-d-v- "_p-n-Po-hn-I'- i-_v-Z-ap-bp-p.- k-z-h-K- c-Xn-bp-sS- sI-Sp-Xn-bdn-- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy-cm-Py-- A-Xn-\nv- c--t\-Sm- h-gn-bm-tem-Nn-p--- h-am-\I
- m-e
- v- C-ym-cm-Py-w- A-Xn-\ph-gn-Xp-d-m-\p-- Bt-em-N-\-bn-em-Wv-!C-s\-pw- t]m-tWm-{Km-^n-bpw- i-co-chn-]-Wn-bpw- tam-U-enw-Kv- A-S--ap-ta-J-e-I- Xp-d-n-Sp-- ]p-Xp-k-ao-]-\hpw- th-iym-hr-n-sb- kv-{Xo- im-o-Ic-W-am-bn- hn-ti-jn-n-p-- {]-kv-Ym-\-fp-sa-m-w- tN-
- vh
- r-n-tI-Sn-s-bpwam-dm-tcm-K
- f
- p-sS-bpw- ar-Ko-bX
- b
- p-sS-bpw]p-Xp-tem-Iw- \n-an-m-\p-- hy-{K-Xbn- ap-tm-p-t]m-Ip-- Im-gvb
- m-Wn-v\mw- I-p-sIm-n-cn-p-X
- v.C-kv-emw- hy-`n-Nm-c-s-,- hn-hm-l-]q-h-Zm--tXy-X-c- sse-w-Kn-I- _--si--am-bn- hn-e-n-bn-p-v.- A-Xn-te-v\-bn-p-- ap-gp-h- am-K--fp-sS-bpwI-hm-S
- - C-kve
- mw- sIm-n-bS-
- n-p-v.A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s- A-Sn-bp-d-- H-cphniz-m-kn- B- \o-N-amhr-n-bn- Gs-Sn-.- hn-ip--IzpB- ]-d-bp-p-:""\n-- hy-`nNm-c-s- k-ao-]n-p-t]mI-cp-Xv.- Xo--bm-bpw- A-Xv- H-cp- \o-N-hrn-bpw- Zp-jn-- am-K-hp-am-Ip-''- (17:32).hy-`n-Nm-c-n-te-v- \-bn-p-- t\m-hp-w- kw-km-c-hp-sa-mw- C-kv-emw- hn-ep-p.- C-kv-emw- \n-jv-Ii-n-p-- hk-v{X-[m-c-W- co-Xn- C-hn-sS- {]-tXy-Iw- kv-

C-kv-em-w- \--bp-sS- hn-f-\n-ew-\_n]dp: ""Nnetm

\qdv HIfpsnepw bm{Xv
]nb eWapXv Hpw
Insphcpw. AXpXsbmWv
a\pjycpsSbpw kvYnXn'' (_p-Jm-cn,ap-kv-enw).aXcmjv{Sob kmaqly
cwKfnsemw HcpXcw PoWn
kwkvImcw hfpsImncnpp.
"Zo]kvXw`w almivNcyw,
\appInWw ]Ww'' F Ihn
hmIytmsSmw "\app- InWw
A[nImcw',- "\app- InWw
kvYm\am\'- FpIqSn
tNphmbntnbncnpp.
Chbvpthnbp InSaXvkcn
Fv t\dntISpImWnm\pw
BfpIv aSnbn. ]m]n
]ckv]cw klmbnm FmSpw
BfpIfpv. ]pWyn
klmbnph hncfhpw. hnip
IzpB Blzm\w sNpXv
ImWpI: ""\n ]pWyns-bpw
`IvXnbpsSbpw amKn
klmbnpI. ]m]nepw
hntZzjnepw klIcncpXv'' (5:2)
Xnsb \sImv {]Xntcm[np
hm\pw As\ i{Xpsftmepw
an{Xfmphm ]cn{ianp

""H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-v- o-Ww,tcm-Kw,- Z-px-J-w,- t-iw,- hy-k-\wap-X-em-b-h- _m-[n-p-I-tbm,H-cp- ap-p-X-d-p-I-tbmsN-bv-Xm-(h-sc) -A-Xv(-an-p--Xp)- Im-c-W-am-bnA-h-s- ]m-]-s]m-dp-p-sIm-Sp-pw''(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw)

2013 s^{_phcn

38

hm\pamWv hnip IzpB

Blzm\w sNpXv:""\Xpw Nobpw
kaamhpIbn. Ghpw \Xv GtXm
AXpsImv \o (Xnsb)
{]Xntcm[npI. Atm
GsXmcph\pw \obpw Xn
i{XpXbptm Ah\Xm (\nsd)
D_p FtmWw Bbnocpp''
(41:34).
a\pjys\ a\pjy\mnop
kIe KpWfpw C-kv-emw- ]Tnnpp.- Acnep KpWKW
sfmw kzPohnXn {]mhnIamnsmmWv ap-l--Zv- \-_n-- P-o-hn-Xv-. hmpw {]hrnbpw
]ckv]chncpamIpXv Ckvemw
AwKoIcnpn.
hn-p-ho-gv-N-,- -a,- k-Xy-k--X,hniz-kv-X-X,- \o-Xn,- k--k-z-`m-hw, Kp-WImw-,- ]-c-kv-]-c-k-lm-bw-- Xp-S-n-b- DZm-a
- m-b- am-\p-jn-Ia
- q-ey-f
- p-sS-sbmw- D-S-a-bm-bn-cn--Ww- H-cp- ap-k-venwF-m-Wv- C-kv-em-w- ]-Tn-n-p--Xv.-a
A-a-bp-sS- tIm--hpw- -a-bp-sSt\--hpw- ]-e-tm-gpw- A-\p-`-hn--dn-h-cm-bn-cn-p-w- an-- a-\p-jy-cpw.-Izp-B\n- F-gp-]-tXm-fw- e--fn- -asb- ]-cm-a-in-n-p-v.- -an-phmI-]n-p-Ib
- pw- -an-p-X
- p-sIm-p- t\--- F-Sp-p-]-d-bp-I-bpw- sNp-p-v.- hn-ip--Izp-B- ]-d-bp-p-:""kXyhnizmknItf, \n
anpIbpw abn anIhv
ImWnpIbpw sN-p-I...''- (3:-200).""kXyhnizmknIsf, \n
kl\hpw \akvImchpw aptJ\
(Amlphnt\mSv) klmbw tXSpI.
Xobmbpw anphtcmsSmamIpp Amlp''- (2:-253)-.
""Ipdsms `-bw, ]nWn,
[\\jvSw, Poh\jvSw, hn`-h\jvSw
Fnh aptJ\ \nsf \mw
]conpI Xs sNpw. (Acw
k-`-fn) anphv
ktmjhm AdnbnpI''(2:-255)-.
ap-l--Zv- \-_n-- G--hpw- h-en-b-am-ep-hm-bn-cp-p.- -a-bp-sS- {]m-[m\-y-hpw- A-Xp-sIm-p-- C-l- ]-c-t\--

-fpw- A-hn-Sp-v- A-\p-N-c-m-sc- ]-Tn-nn-cp-p.- A-Xp-ey-am-b- B- am-Xr-I]n-p-S-cp-hm- I-]n--s--h-cm-Wvap-kv-en-w-I.\-_n- ]-d--Xm-bn- kp-ssl-_v]-d-bp-p-:- ""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bp-sS- Im-cy-wA-p-X-I-cw- X-s.- F-mw- A-h-\pKp-W-I-c-am-Wv.- Cu- {]-tXy-I-X- k-Xy-hnizm-kn--m-sX- a-m-p-an-.- k-tmj-ap-- A-h-bn- A-h- \-nIm-Wn-pw.- A-X-h-\v- Kp-W-I-c-am-Wv.Zp-x-J-ap--tm- A-h- -a-]m-en-pw.A-Xpw- A-h-\v- K-p-W-I-c-am-Wv''(ap-kve
- nw).A-_q-lp-d-bv-d- \n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n-]-d-p-:- ""H-cp- ap-kv-en-an-v- o-Ww,tcm-Kw,- Z-px-J-w,- t-iw,- hy-k-\w- ap-X-emb-h- _m-[n-p-I-tbm,- H-cp- ap-p-X-d-pI-tbm- sN-bvX
- m-(h-sc) A
- X
- v- (-an-p-Xp)- Im-c-W-am-bn- A-h-s- ]m-]-s]m-dp-p-sIm-Sp-pw''- (_p-Jm-cn,ap-kv-enw).k-Xy- k
-
- X
- hn-ip--Izp-B- ]-d-bp-p-:""kXyhnizmknItf, \n Amlpsh kqnpIbpw, kXyhmamcpsS Iqn BbncnpIbpw
sNpI''- (9:-119).""a ssIsmphcpw, kXyw
]menphcpw, `-IvXnbphcpw,sNehgnphcpw, cm{XnbpsS
Aybmafn ]m]tamN\w tXSp-hcpamIpp Ah (Amlphns
Zmkam)''- (3:-17)-.C-_v-\p- a-kvDu-Z-v- \n-th-Z-\w.- \-_n- ]-d-p-:- ""k-Xy-k--X- k-I-a-fn-te-pw- kI-a-- kz-K-nte-pw- h-gn-sX-fn-pw.- k-Xy-k--X]m-en-p--Xp-sIm-v- a-\p-j-y-- A-mlp-hn--- k-Xy-hm-s\-p--- tc-J-s-Sp-s-Sp-p...'-' (_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw).-

""k-Xy-k--X- k-I-a--fn-tepw- kI-a-- kz-K-nte-pw- h-gn-sX-fn-pw.- k-Xy-k-X- ]m-en-p--Xp-sIm-v- a-\pj-y-- A-m-lp-hn--- k-Xy-hms\-- -p- tc-J-s-Sp--s-Sp-p...'-'
(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw)

m-Wv- A-Xn-\v- ss[-cyw- h-cn-I''?- C-Xmbn-cp-p- A-h-cp-sS-sb-mw- A-`n-{]m-bw.A--s\- D-km-a \-_n-tbm-Sv- kw-kmcn-p.- A-tm- Xn-cp-ta-\n-- tNm-Zn-p-:""A-m-lp-hn-s-d- in-m-hn-[n-bn- \oip-]m-i-bp-am-bn- h-cn-I-tbm?''.- Xp-S-vA-hn-Sp-v- sN-bv-X- H-cp- {]-kwK-nC-{]-Im-cw- ]-d-p-:- ""D--X- tam-jv-Snm- sh-dp-sX- hn-Sp-I-bpw- Zp-_-etam-jvS- n-m- in-- \-S
- m-p-Ib
- pwsN-p-- ]-Xn-hv- \n--fp-sS- ap-Km-anI-n-S-bn- \n-e-\n--Xv- A-h-cp-sS\m-i-n-\v- tl-Xp-hm-bn-p-v.- A-m-lphn-s\-sm-v- k-Xyw.- ap-l--Zn-s-da-I- ^m-Xzn-ab
- m-Wv- tam-jvS- n-p-s
- Xn- Rm- A-h-fp-sS- ssI- ap-dn-p-I-Xs- sN-pw''-!- (_p-Jm-cn-, ap-kvenw).-ap-l--Zv-\-_n-b
-- p-sS,-- ap-I-fn-sIm-Sp-

\o-XnB-C-i- ]-d-bp-p-:- H-cp- a-Jv-kqwtK-m{- X-m-cn-bp-sS- tam-jW

- t- -kvJp-ssd-in-I-v- hn-j-a-{]-i-v\-am-bn.""A-m-lp-hn-s-d- Zq-X-t\m-Sv- A-h-fp-sS{]-iv-\w- kw-_-\v-[n-v- B-cm-Wv- kw-kmcn-p-I?''.- A-h- X-n- X-n- At\z-jn-p.- ""Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sS- C-jv-S-\m-bD-km-a-Xp-_v-\p- ssk-Zn-\-m-sX- a-m2013 s^{_phcn

39

- A-Xyp-Pz-e-am-b- {]-Jym-]-\w- temIN-cn-{X-n- A-Xp-ey-am-Wv-;- B-[p-\n-Item-I-s- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-v- Nnnp-I-t]m-epw- A-k-m-[y-am-b- {]-Jym]-\w.- \o-Xn-bn- \n-e-sIm-p-I-bpw\o-Xn-p-th-n- hm-Zn-p-I-bpw- kz-wsN-bvX
- nI- \o-Xn-bn- A-[n-jvT
- n-Xa
- mn-b- H-cp- k-aq-l-s- hm-s-Sp-pI-bpw- sN-bvX- {]-hm-N-I- am-\-h-cna-tlm-X
- \
- m-sW-v- t_m-[y-s-SmCu-sbm-cp- {]-Jym-]-\w- am-{Xw- t]m-tc?kz-P-\-]--]m-X-n-s-d- ]n-Sn-bn-ea--h-cm-Wv- C--s- an-- `-c-Wm-[nImcn-I-fpw.- C-kv-emw- A-Xv- Aw-Ko-I-cnp-n.- hn-ip--Izp-B- ]-d-bp-p-:""k-Xy-hnizm-kn-I-tf,- \n-- A-m-lphn\-p-th-n- km-yw- h-ln-p--h-sc- \n-e-bn- IWn-i-am-bn- \o-Xn- \n-e\n-p--h-cm-bncn--Ww.- A-Xv- \n-p-Xs
- -tbm- \n-fp-sS- am-Xm-]nXm-,- A-Sp-- _\v-[p-- F-nh-tm- {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-m-epw- i-cn''(4:-135).""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- \n-- Amlp-hn-\p-th-n- \n-e-sIm-p--h-cpw\oXn-v- km-yw- h-ln-p--h-cp-am-bncn-p-I.- H-cp- P-\-X-tbm-Sp-- A-a-jw\o-Xn- ]m-en-m-Xn-cn-m- \n--vt{]-c-I-am-I-cp-Xv.- \n-- \o-Xn- ]m-enp-I.- A-XmWv- [-a-\n-j-Tv- -tbm-Sv- G-hpw- A-Sp-Xv.- \n-- A-m-lp-hn-s\-

kq-n-p-I.- Xo--bm-bpw- \n-{]-h-n-p-X

- n-s\-p-dn-s-mwA-m-lp- kq-v-a-am-bn- A-dn-bp--h-\mIp-p''- (5:-8).am-Xm-]n-Xm-t- fm-Spw- C-WI
- t- fm-Spwa-tfm-Spw- a-p- Ip-Spw-_mw-K
- t- fm-SpwAb-m-tcm-Spw- F-p-th-- F-m-h
tcm-Spw- \o-Xn-]m-en-m- C-kv-emw- A-\pim-kn-p-p.- hy-Iv-Xn-I-sf- t\m-n\n-e]
- m-sS-Sp-p-X
- v- C-kve
- mw- Aw-Ko-Icn-p-n-.- \-_n--sb- I-Tn-\-am-bnhn-a-inp-I-bpw- am-\-kn-I-am-bn- ]o-Unn-p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xncp--h-cm-bn-cp-pPqX-m.- A-ht- cm-Sv- ssI-sm-t-\n-e-]m-Sns\p-dn-v-Am-lp- \-_n--\Ip-- D-c
- h
- n- C-{]-Im-cwIm-Wmw-:""...F-m- \o- Xo-]pIev-]n-p-Ibm-sW-n- A-h-n-Sb
- n- \o-Xn-]qhw- Xo-]p-Iev-]n-p-I.- \o-Xn- ]m-en-phsc- Xo--bm-bpw- A-m-lp- C-jv-Ss-Spp''-(5:-42).hn-iz-kX
-v X
- ""Xo--bm-bpw- Rm- \n--v- hniz-kv-X-\m-b- H-cp- Zq-X-\m-Ip-pp''- (26:-107,125,-143...)-.a-\p-jy-\n-\n-p- \-jv-S-s-p-sImn-cn-p-- H-cp- am-\p-jn-I- Kp-W-am-Wvhn-iz-kv-X-X.- B-pw- B-sc-bpw- hn-izkn-m- I-gn-bm-- A-hk
- vY
- bm-Wn-p-Xv-!- `-m-hn-\p- `m-cy-sb-bpw- `m-cyp- `-m-hn-s\-bpw- hn-iz-kn-mI-gn-bp-n-.- I--h-S-c-w-K-p-w sXm-gncw-K
- p- w- km-
- n-I- C-S]
- m-Sp-If
- n-epwa-p-sa-mw- h--\ \n-d-m-Sp-I-bm-Wv.X-n-pw- sh-n-p-w- k-h-{X.- I-Sw- hm-nbn-v- Xn-cn-p-sIm-Sp-m- I-gn-hp-m-bnpw- Xn--- cn-p-sIm-S-p-m-sX- k-lm-bn--htcm-Sp- \-n-tI-Sp- Im-Wn-p--h-sc-{X-!I-Sw- hm-t-n-h-cp-- \n-_-\v-[nX- km-lN
- c
- y-n- hm-m-Xn-cn-m\n-hm-l-an--tm.- F-m- Zp-hn-\ntbm-K-n-\p-th-n- I-Sw- hm-p--h-cpw[m-cm-fa
- p-v.- Xn-cn-p-sIm-Sp-W
- s
- a-vA-h-v- D-t-iy-ap-m-bn-cn-p-I-bn--;D-s-n-Xs
- - [q-S- n-p-h
- -vF-{X- In-nbm-epw- a-Xn-bm-hp-Ib
- n-s-Xn-\m-- Xn-cn-p-sIm-Sp-m- km-[n-pI-bp-an-.- {]hm-N-I--- ]-d-p-:- ""Zphn-\n-tbmK-n-\v- G-sXm-cp-h- I-Sw- hmp-pthm- A-h-s\- A-m-lp- \m-i-n-

""H-cp- a-\p-jy- sN-Sn- \-Sp-I-tbmIr-jn- sN-p-I-tbm- sN-p-p.F-n--Xn-\n-v- ]-n-tbm,a-\p-jy-t\m,- Im-en-I-tfm- Xn-p-Ibpw- sN-p-p.- F-n-e-Xv- A-hv- [-a-am-bn- ]-cn-K-Wn--s-Sp-Xm-Wv ''- (_p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw)

tev- B-\-bn-pw''- (_p-Jm-cn).I-Sw- hm-p--Xv- A-{X-\-- H-tc-]-mS-.- A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s- {]-hm-N-IA-Xn-s\- \n-cp-km-l-s-Sp-n-bn-p-v.""A-m-lp-th,- ]m-]-n-\n-pw- I-S_m-[y-Xb
- n-\n-pw- Rm- \n-nA-`-bw- tX-Sp-p''- F-v- \_n--- {]m-Ynm-dp-m-bn-cp-p.- H-cm- A-t-lt- -Sv]-d-p-:- ""A-m-lp-hn-s-d- Zq-X-tc,- Ahn-Sp-v- [mcm-fa
- m-bn- I-S_
- m-[y-Xb
- n-\nv- A-`-bw- tX-Sp-p--tm''-.- \-_n- ]d-p:- "H-cm- I-S-n-em-bn-cn-p-tmA-h- I-f-hv- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- hmKv-Zm-\wew-Ln-p-I-bpw- sN-pw'- (_p-Jm-cn).C--Zn-h-kw- Xn-cn-p-X-cm-sa-v- ]dbp-I-bpw- A-v- sIm-Sp-m- km-[n-msX-hc
- n-Ib
- pw- sN-bvX
- m- A-Xv- hmKvZ- m- \
- ew-L-\-am-Wv.- X-s-d- \n--lm-bm-h-
t_m-[y-s-Sp-m- Ah-\v- I-f-hp-I]-d-tb-n-h-cn-I-bpw- sN-pw.
I-h
- S-
- n-se- a-cym-ZI
- h\ Ghpw IqSpX {]ISamb
Hcp taJebmWv IhSw. Ckvemw
]eni \njnampIbpw IhSw
A\phZ\obampIbpw sNbvXp.
]mhsh NqjWw sNsSpIbpw Dh hopw hopw
XSnphopIbpw sNbpXmWv
]eni hyhkvY. AXpsImmWv
AXv \njnamsXv. \ymbamb
em`saSpv IhSw sNm Ckvemw
A\paXn \Inbtm; Afhnepw
Xqnepw Ir-{Xn-a-w- Im-Wn--epwIr{Xnamaw krjvSnepsamw
Xs HgnhmWsav IWniambn
]dnpv.
Fm, IhSn Ccw
\nba\ntZi ]menph
2013 s^{_phcn

40

Bcpv? IhSn Cs
Imev AsXmpw \Sn FmWv
]ecpw ]dbmdpXv.
Afpw Xqnbpw sImSpptm IrXyX ]menWsav Ckvemw
\njvIjnpp. hmphv
Hpw IpdhphcpmXncnm
kqvaXsbtmWw- A]w
apXqw \Im \-_n-- \n-tZ-in-Xm-bn- Im-Wmw.- H-cn \_n
]dp: "hXpw hnpIbmsWn icnpw AfpsImSppI;
hmptm icnpw Afp
hmpIbpw sNpI' (_pJmcn)."Afhn Inhcpph' F
t]cn Hcp A[ymbwXs hnip
IzpB\nepv. ""Afhn
Ipdphv alm\miw. AXmbXv
P\tfmSv AfphmpIbmsWn XnIsSppIbpw, P\v
AfpsImSppItbm XqnsmSppItbm BsWn \jvSw
hcppIbpw sNphv. Aq
hnNmcnpnt? X `bcamb
Hcp Znhkn\mbn Fgpt]nsSphcmsWv'' (83:15).hn]Wnbnenv ambw tNm
hkvXp Zpe`w. GsXnepw
Ip{Kmafnepmnb hkvXp
hntZi \nanXsav ]dv AanX
hnebvv hnpp. \
km[\ BfpIfpsS
{ibmIjnp cq]n
{]Zi\n\p shv, AXpIv
hmm hcphv KpWta
Ipdh sImSpp k{Zmbw
kmh{XnIw.
Dn \\ [m\yhpw ]pdsa
DWnbXpanv hn]\v
shncnpXv \_nbpsS
ZrjvSnbns]tm "DnepXv \o
FpsImv ]pdp ImWnn?'
Fv hfsc Kuchkzcn
tNmZnpsImv \_n C{]Imcw
Iqntp: "\s NXnh
\ns]h\' (apkvenw).Ir{Xna maapmm\pw
AXphgn hne h[nnm\pw thn
NcpI ]qgvnshphv
XmoXmbn \_n ]dp:
"[m\y CdpaXn sNph

\h\mWv. Fm, Ah
]qgvnshv hne Ibph
i]nsh\mWv' (C_v\pamP)."IdmsX AInSp honp
\nnbnp HIstbm
BSns\tbm Hcm hnpIbpw
hmnbh Ahsd hon
sImpsNnv Idpt\mptm
hnh ]d{X ]m Csp
ImWpIbpw sNp ]w aqp
Znhkwhsc AXv
shpsImncnm
kzmX{yapspw AXn\pn
Ah aSnbm hnh
XncnsSptXmsWpw \_n
I]nncnpp' (apkvenw).hn]\cpIfpsS \yq\XI
adpshv h\
ImWnpXns\n \_n
]dp: "hn]\cpIfpsS
\yq\XI hn]\mc
hmph\p hnhcnpsImSptXmWv. Fn B CS]mSv
kzoImcywXs. Am]w AXv
tOhpamWv' (_pJmcn).
"DXpt]mse ]dbpIbpw
hniZoIcnpIbpw sNbvXm
CS]mSn Ah A\pKr-loXcmhpw.
Iw ]dbpIbpw adpshpIbpw
sNbvXm CS]mSnse A\p{Klw
ambvsSpw' (_pJmcn, apkvenw).hn]Wnbnse hne\nehmcw
Adnbm D{]tZimsc NqjWw
sNp-Xn-\m- bn km[\
hn]WnbnsepXn\p apmb-n

hgnas[y {KmaoWsc I_fnnv

km[\ BZmbn
XnsbSpp G]mSv
FhnsSbpapv. Fm Ckvemw
AXpw- iIvXnbmbn FXnpp.
s]-cp-am-- a-cym-ZI
- A_v-Zp-m-ln-_v-\p- Aw-dp-_v-\pBkzv- \n-thZ\w.- \_n- ]dp:
""hh\pw- \cIm-Kv-\n-bn-\n-pw- hn-Zqcam-Ip-hm-\pw- kz-Kn{]thinsSp-hm-\pw acWw- Amlp-hn-epw- ]ctem-In-epw- hn-iz-kn\n-ev- kw-`hnp-hm-\pw- B{Klnp-p-shn- P\- Xtfm-SvFs\ kao]n-p-hm- B{Kln-pp-thm- AXp-t]m-se Ah-- P\tfmSv- kao-]n-s'' (ap-kv-enw).--Fs Fm-hcpw- kv-t\ln-Ww.Ftm-Sv- Fm-hcpw- Zbbpw- A\pIbpw- Im-Wn-Ww. -Fs-d AhnthIn-\v- F\n-v- am-p-e`n-Ww.Fs-d hnjakn-Ifn- F\n-vkm-z-\w- e`n-Ww.- km-n-Iam-bn_p-n-ap-p-tm- F\n-v- klm-bw-

""H-cp- A-b-hm-kn-\n-bpw- X-sA-b-hm-kn-\n-v- G-sXm-cpkm-[-\w- sIm-Sp-p--Xpw- \nm-c-am-bn- Im-W-cp-Xv.- A-sXm-cpB-Sn-s- Ip-f-m-sW-n-epw''(_p-Jm-cn,- ap-k-venw)
2013 s^{_phcn

41

e`n-Ww.- A]ISn- s]Sp-tmFs cn-p-hm\pw- klm-bn-p-hm\pw- Bfp-I- Xbm-dmhWw.- hm-psIm-tm- {]hr-n-sIm-tm- Bcn-\npw- F\n-v- bm-sXm-cp- D]{ZhhpwDm-Icp-Xv.- Cs\sbmw B
- {Klnm- Bcp-o- tem-Iv?Fm-,- Xn-cn-v- ap-h- Xn\n-v- B{Kln-p-Xpw- CsXm-amsWdn-bp-Ibpw- AXn-\\p-kcn-v{]h-n-p-Ibpw- sNp-h- hfsc
hn-cfam-Wv.- kzm-YXbp-sS ]cym-bam-bna\p-jy- am-dn-sm-n-cn-p-p.- Fm\Ifpw- X\n-p- kzam-Ww;- aphcp-sS Im-cyw- Fp-am-Is FmWhs-d Nn-.- B-pw- Bscbpwklm-bn-p-hm- kaban-.{k-jv-Sm-hn-\p-- k-q-W- k-a-W-am-Wv- C-kv-emw.- Po-hn-X- ]-cn-ip-nAXn-s- F-m- A-Y-n-epw- a-\pjy- Im-p-kq-n- t- -X
- p-v. Am-lp-hpw- A-h-s-d- Xn-cp-Zq-X-\pw- ImWn-p-X-- ]m-X-bn-- \n-v- hy-Xn-N-enm-sX- Po-hn- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bp-sSI-S-a-bm-Wv.- hnizmk- Im-cy--fpw- I-a]-c-am-b- Im-cy--fpw hn[n-hn-e-p-I-fp-ws]-cp-am-- kw-km-c- acymZ-If
- p-sa-mwC-kv-emw- ]-Tn-n-p-p-v.- Po-hn-Xn- a-\p-jy-- ]m-en-tXmbn- Ckv-emw- A-\p-im-kn-p-- Hm-tcm- Imcyhpw hy-n-pw- Ip-Spw-_-n-\pw- kaql-n-\p-sa-mw Kp-W-I-cw- am{X-am-Wv.Ckv-emw- kp-`-{Z-am-b- H-cp- km-aq-ln-IPohn-X-n\v- B-h-y-am-b- ap-gp-h- Im-cy-fn-epw- \n-tZ-i
- - \-In-bX
- m-bnIm-Wp-hm- km-[n-pw.- H-cp- b-Ym-Yap-kv-enw A-kq-b-bn- \n-pw- ap-nt\-Sn-b-h-\m-bn-cn-pw.- ""\n- A-kq-bkq-n--Ww.- \n-iv-N-bw- Xo- hn-d-Ip- Xnp--Xp- t]m-se-tbm- ]pv- I-cn-p- I-fbp-X
- p-t]m-se-tbm- A-kqb- k-I-a-sf- \-in-n-p- I-f-bpw''- Fv- \-_n-a-sm-cn- ]-d
X
- m-bn- A-_q- Z- m-hq-ZvD-c
- n-p-- l-Zo-Yn- Im-Wmw.-C-X-c-cp-sS- A-`n-a-m-\-n-\v- -Xwhcp-p-hm-\pw- [-\w- A-]-l-cn-p-hm\pw- A-\ym-b-am-bn- c--w- N-n-p-hm-\pw
C-kv-emw- A-\p-hm-Zw- \-Ip-n-.- kqv-a-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- Po-hn-p-- H-cp- kXy-hn-iz-m-kn--bn- \n-pw- -C--c-n-ep- kz-`m-h- ssh-Ir-X-- D-m-hp-Ibn-.-

hnip- -Izp-B- ]dbp-p-:

""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf,- \n-fn- Hcp-hn`m-Kw- asmcp- hn-`m-Ks ]cn-lkncp-Xv.- ]cnlkn-sSp-h- ]cnlkn-phscm- \hcm-bn-cptmw''(49:-11)""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf,- Du-ln\nv- an-Xpw- \n-- shSn-bp-I.- Xobm-bpw- Du-ln- NneXv- Ip-am-Ipp.- \n-- Nm-chr-n- \Sp-IbpwAcp-Xv.- \n-fn- Nn-e- Nn-escnAhcp-sS A`m-hn- Zp-jnv- ]dbpIbpw- AcpXv.- Xs-d ktlm-Zc- acnp-In-Sp-tm- Ahs-d amwkw`n-p-hm- \nfn- Bscn-epwCjvS- sSp-tam?- Fm- AXv- (ihwXnp-Xv)- \n-- shdpp-Ibm-WvsNp-Xv.- Am-lp-sh \n-- kqn-p-I.- Xo-bm-bpw- Am-lp- ]
iv-Nm-m]w- kzo-Icn-p-h\pw- IcpWm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-p''- (49:12).Da--s --- `cWIm-ev- Cu-Pn]v-Xnse Kh-Wdm-b Aw-dp-_v-\pBkzn(k-d)-s-d ]p-{X\v- ap-lZp-_v-ZpAw-dv- tIm]v-n-Iv- hn-`m-Kn-s] Hcpkm-[mcWm-cs\ Xs-d Ip-Xn-cbp-sS
ap-n- kz-w- Ip-Xn-csb Hm-Sn-Xn-sd t]cn- {]lcn-p.- "Rm- am-\y-s-d
]p-{X\m-Wv'- Fv- ]dp-sIm-m-bn-cpp- {]lcw-.- Cu- tIkv- Jeo-^bp-sS
ASp-sn.- Atlw- Kh-Wsdbpw]p-{Xs\bpw- aZo-\bn-tev- hn-fn-n-p.Kh-Wdp-sS t\sc Xn-cn-p-sIm-vDa-- tNm-Zn-p: ""Fp- ap-X-m-Wv\n-- P\sf ASn-aIfm-n-pSn-bXv.- Ahcp-sS Dam- Ahsc
{]khn-Xv- kzX{cm bn-m-Wtm''-.Xp-S-v- Cu-Pn-]vX
- p-Imcsd InNm-hm- sIm-Sp-p-sIm-v- Jeo^
I-]n-p.- ""ASn-q, am-\y-m-cp-sS
km\s.- Cbm-fp-sS A[n-Im-cns-d Xn_en-em-Wv- Ah\n-s {]lcn-Xv''.- ]p-{Xs\ am{Xa
]n-Xm-hn-s\bpw- Jeo-^ in-n-p-Ibpm-bn."Rm- \n-sf A{Ian-Ifpw- aZIcp-am-b P\fp-sS am-KZ-inIfpw- t\Xm-fp-am-bm-Wv- \n-tbm-Kn-pXv.- P\sf a-Zn-p-sIm-v- Ahsc
]Xn-Xcpw- A`n-am-\{hWn-Xcp-am-p-Xvkqn-p-sIm-p-I'- Fv- {]hn-iy-Ifntev- Kh-W-am-sc \n-iv-Nbn-p-

tm- Da-- Ahsc D]tZin-m-dpmbncpp.Hcp- hm-v- aXn- A\y-s-d

A`nam\s \in-n-m.- \jv-Ss
A`nam\w- ho-sSp-- Zp-jv-cam-Wv.Fsn-epw- `u-Xn-I Xm-]cy-nsd t]cn- Asn- hy-Iv-Xn-hn-tcm[n-s-d t]cn- A\y-s-d A`n-am\w- Iinsbdn-bm- IsIn- Cdph- Fm-Sp-ap-v.- k-h-i--\m-bA-m-lp-hn-s-d- in-- `-b-s-Sp--hA-X-n- -\n-v- H-gn hm-tI--Xp-v.H-cm-fpw- A-\ym-b-am-bn- D-]-{Z-hn--sp-Iq-Sm- F-v- C-kv-emw- \n-jv-I-jn-pp.- hm-p-sIm-pw- t\m-p-sIm-pwssI-I-m-ep-I-sm-p-sam-pw- H-cp- kXy-hn-izm-kn- H-cm-sf-bpw- D-]-{Z-hn-phm- ]m-Sn-.- Xm- H-cp- \n-e-bv-pw- D-]{Z-hn-s
- -p-Iq-Sm- F-v- B-{K-ln-p-h- A-tX- B-{K-lw- F-m-h-p-aps-v- a-\
- n-em-W
- w.\m-h-v h-en-b- H-c-\p-{K-l-am-Wv.- A-XvH-cm-bp-[-hp-am-Wv.- A-Xn-s\- kq-n-vssIIm-cyw- sN-bvX
- n-s-n- {]-Xym-LmXw- Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn-cn-pw.- \m-hn-s\- kqn-v- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-bv-Xn-s-n-ep-m-

""F-s- k-ap-Zm-b-n-se- ]mcmb-h- C- h-\m-Wv-\-a-kv-Im-c-hpwt\m-pw- k-Im-p-am-bn- A-hh-cpw.- ]t,- A-h- H-cp--s\i-Im-cn-n-cn-pw.- a-sm-cp--s\-n- Zp-jv-]-cm-Xn- ]-d-n-cn-pw.th-sdm-cp--s- kz-v- Xn-n-cnpw.- a-sm-cp--s- c-Iv-XwNn-n-bn-cn-pw.- A--s\A-h-sm-s- A-h-s- ]p-Wy-sf-Sp-p-sIm-Sp-pw.- A-hs- I-Sw- Xo-cp--Xn-\v- ap-v]p-Wyw- I-gn-p-t]m-bm- A-hcp-sS- ]m-]-sa-Sp-v- C-h-\vsIm-Sp-pw.- A--s\- A-h\-c-I-n- X--s-Spw''(ap-kv-enw)

2013 s^{_phcn

42

Ip-- tZm-jw- a-\

- n-em-m-X
- p-sImm-bn-cn-mw- ]-e-cn-epw- G-jW-n,- ]-c-Zqj-Ww,- ]-cn-lm-kw,- ]-c-\n-,- I-f-hv- Xp-S-n-b- Zp--Kp-W-- Im-W-s-Sp-p.C--c-n- A-\y-s- A-`n-am-\-s{h-W-s-Sp-p-I-tbm- hn-j-an-n-p-Itbm- sN-bvX
- n-p-h
- - B-sc-bm-tWmA--s\- sN-bv-X-Xv- A-h-sc- t\-cnIv- am-v- tNm-Zn--W-sa-pw- ti-jw{k-jvS- m-hn-t\m-Sv- ]-ivN
- m-]
- n-W
- s
- ap-am-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-n-p--Xv.A-m--]-w- A-y-\m-fn- A-h-sA-h
Z-b\
- o-ba
- m-bn-cn-p-sa-m-Wv{]-hm-N-I- h-N-\- \-s]-Tn-n-p--Xv.A-_q-lp-d-bv-d-bn-\n-v- \n-th-Z\w-:- \-_n-- tNm-Zn-p-:- ""]m--cm-b-hB-cm-sW-v- A-dn-bp-tam?''- kz-lm-_nI- ]-d-p-:- ""]-W-hpw- hn-`-h-pwC-m--h-\m-Wv- ]m--cm-b-h''-.- \-_n-]-d-p-:- ""F-s- k-ap-Zm-b-n-se]mcm-bh
- -- C-h\
- m-Wv- \-ak
- vI
- m-ch
- pwt\m-pw- k-Im-p-am-bn- A-h- h-cpw.]t,- A-h- H-cp--s\- i-Im-cn-n-cnpw.- a-sm-cp--s\--n- Zp-jv-]-cm-Xn]-d-n-cn-pw.- th-sdm-cp--s- kz-vXn-n-cn-pw.- a-sm-cp--s- c-Iv-XwNn-n-bn-cn-pw.- A--s\- A-h-sms- A-h-s- ]p-Wy--sf-Sp-p-sIm-Sppw.- A-h-s- I-Sw- Xo-cp--Xn-\v- ap-v]p-Wyw- I-gn-p-t]m-bm- A-h-cp-sS]m-]-sa-Sp-v- C-h-\v- sIm-Sp-pw.- A-s\- A-h- \-c-I-n- X--s-Spw''(ap-kve
- nw).-a-s-m-cm-sf- ]-cn-l-kn-p--Xpw- No-t-cv- hn-fn-p--Xpw- I-Sp-- t{Zm-lam-sW-m-WvI
- zp-B- ]-Tn-n-p-X
- v:- ""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- H-cp- P-\-hn-`m-Khpw- a-sm-cp- P-\-hn-`m-K-s- ]-cn-l-kn-cp-Xv.- C-h- (]-cn-l-kn--s-Sp--h)A-hs
- c-m- \-h
- c
- m-bn-cp-tmw.Hcp- hn-`m-Kw- kv-{Xo-I- a-sm-cp- hn-`m-Kwkv-{Xo-I-sf-bpw- ]-cn-l-k-n--cp-Xv.- C-h(]cn-l-kn--s-Sp-- kv-{Xo-I)- a--hsc-m- \--h-cm-bn-cp-t-mw.- \n-A-t\ym-\yw- Ip-p-hm-v- ]-d-b-cp-Xv.- \n- ]-cn-lm-k-t-cp-I- hn-fn-v- ]-c-kv]-cw- A-]-am-\n-p-I-bpw- A-cp-Xv.- k-Xyhn-izm-kw- ssI-sm-X
- n-\p-ti-jw- A[m-an-I-am-b- t]-cv (hn-fn-p--Xv)- F-{XNo--!- h--h-\pw- ]-iv-Nm--]n-m--]w- A--c-m- X-s-bm-Ip-p- A-{I-

an-I'' (49:-11).H-cm-v- am-\l

- m-\n-bp-m-p-hm-p-]-d-m- \o-p-\n-p-- hmin-pw- h-m-W-n-\pw- ]n-W--n\pw- A-Xv- Im-c-W-am-tb-pw.- A-Xp-sImp-Xs
- - kq-n-
- v- kw-km-cn-W
- w.Du-l
- n-s- A-Sn-kvY
- m-\
- n- tZm-jwB-tcm-]n--cp-Xv.-Izp-B- ]-d-bp-p-:""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf-,- Du-l-n\n-v- an--Xpw- \n--- sh-Sn-bp-I.- Xo-bm-bpw- Du-l-n- Nn-e-Xv- Ip--amIpp.- \n-- Nm-c-hr-n- \-S-p-I-bpwA-cp-Xv.- \n--fn- Nn-e- Nn-e-sc--nA-h-cp-sS- A-`m-h-n- Zp-jn-v- ]-d-bpI-bpw- A-cp-Xv.- X-s- k-tlm-Z-c- a-cnp-In-S-p-tm- A-h-s- amw-kw- `-np-hm- \n--fn- B-sc-n-epw- C-jv-Ss-Sp-tam?- F-m- A-Xv (i-hw- Xn-p-Xv)- \n-- sh-dp-p-I-bm-Wv- sN-p-Xv.- A-m-lp-sh- \n-- kq-n-pI.- Xo--bm-bpw- A-m-lp- ]-iv-Nm-m]mw- kzoI-cn-p--h-\pw- I-cp-Wm-\n-[nbp-am-Ip-p''- (49:-12)."i-hw- Xn-p-I'-- F-- i-Iv-X-am-b- D-]a-bn-\n-p-Xs
- - H-cm-fp-sS- A-km-n[y-n- A-bm-sfp-dn-v- Ip-w- ]-d-bp-Xn-s- Ku-c-hw- t_m-[y-am-Wv.Im-cy-- Np-gn-t- \z-jn-p-Ib
- pwF-n-v- A-Xv- \m-n- ]m-m-n- Ip-g--apm-p-I-bpw- sN-p-- ]-e-cpw- A-Xns- Ku-c-hw- a-\-n-em-m-dn-.- D--an-{X-sf- ]-c-kv-]-cw- G-j-Wn-bn-eq-sS- Xn- Xn-p--Xpw- A-I-p--Xpw- ]e-pw- H-cp- hn-t\m-Z-am-Wv.

""hh\pw- \cIm-Kv-\n-bn\n-pw- hn-Zq-cam-Ip-hm-\pwkz- K-- n- {]thinsSp-hm-\pw acWw- Am-lp-hnepw- ]ctem-In-epw- hn-iz-kn\n-ev- kw-`hnp-hm-\pwB{Kln-p-p-shn- P\- Xtfm-Sv- Fs\ kao]np-hm- B{Kln-p-p-thmAXp-t]m-se Ah-- P\tfm-Svkao-]n-s'' (ap-kv-enw).--

hm- I-]n--s-h-cm-Wv- a-\p-jy.A-m-lp- ]-d-bp-p-:- ""P-\--tf,- \n-sf-bpw- \n--fp-sS- ap-Km-an-I-sf-bpwkr-jv-Sn-- \n-fp-sS- \m-Y-s\- \n--B-cm-[n-p-hn...''- (Izp-B--- 2:- 21)-.A-Xp-sIm-p-Xs
- - B-cm-[\
- b
- p-sS]-cn-[n-bn- h-cp-- bm-sXm-pw- A-mlp-hn-\-m-sX- A-n-m- ]m-Sn-.{]m-Y-\-bm-Ip-p- B-cm-[-\-bp-sS- B-k-.- tem-I-v- C-v- Aw-Ko-I-cn-s-Sp-I-bp-w- B-Z-cn--s-Sp-I-bp-w- B-cm[n--s-Sp-I-bpw- sN-p-- H-cp-]m-Sp-

\p-sS- I-Sa
- a-\p-jy-cm-b- \mw- Cu- tem-I-tp- h--Xv- \-p-sS- A-\p-hm-Z-tm-SpIq-Sn-b-.- C-tm- \m-sf-tbm- \mw- Cutem-I-tm-Sp- bm-{X- ]-d-tb-n-h-cpw.A-Xpw- \-p-sS- A-\p-hm-Zt- m-sS-tbmC-jvS- t- m-sS-tbm- B-In-.- A-Xp-sImp-X-s- \-p-sS- Po-hn-X-hpw- a-c-Whpw- \n-iv-N-bn-p-I-bpw- \n-b-{n-p-Ibpw- sN-p-- {k-jv-Sm-h-m-b- A-m-lp-hns- a-X-n-s-- \n-b-a--fpw- \n-tZfpw- I-]-\-I-fpw- A-\p-k-cn-p- Po-hnp-hm- \mw- X-bm-dm-bn-s-n- I-nbm-fp-- \-cI
- m-Kv\
- n-bp-sS- A-hI
- m-in-If
- mbn- \mw- am-dpw.A-m-lp-hn-s\- am-{Xw- B-cm-[n-p2013 s^{_phcn

43

a-lm-m-cp-v.- B-cm-[n--s-Sp-AtN-X-\- h-kv-Xp--fp-v.- F-m- a-lm-m-cpw- A-tN-X-\- h-kv-Xp--fpw- G-I-\mb- ssZ-h-n-s- kr-jv-Sn-I-fm-Wv;- A-hcm-cpw- H-p-w- kr-jv-Sn--h-c-.- F-m-n\pw- Xp-S--hpw- H-Sp--hp-ap-v-;- ssZ-hn-s\m-gn-sI.- A-h- a-m-{X-am-Wv- kh.- {k-jv-Sm-hn-\p- am-{X-sa- kr-jvSn-I-fp-sS- {]-iv-\--sf- kw-_-n-v- ]qW-am-b- A-dn-hp-m-Iq.- A-Xp-sIm-vB-cm-[-\--l- A-h- am-{X-am-Wv.A-h-s-bpw- A-h- \n-tbm-Kn-- A--n-aZq-Xs
- -bpw- I-]\
- I
- f
- pw- \n-tZ-i-fpw- A-\p-k-cn-v- Po-hn-p-hm- a-\p-j-y-scmw- _m-[y-cm-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-vC-l-n-epw- ]-c-n-epw- \-- am-{X-saa-\p-jy-p-m-Iq.b-Ym-Y- ssZ-h-am-b- A-m-lp-hn-s\hn-v- kr-jv-Sn-I-sf- B-cm-[n-p--Xv- a-lm]m-X-I-am-sW-pw- A-m-lp- A-Xv- H-cn-epw- s]m-dp-n-s-pw- A-h-v- \-cIw- D-d-m-sW-pw- hn-ip--Izp-B-\n-eqsS- Ir-Xy-am-bn- ]-Tn-n-n-p-v:""]-n-I- A-m-lp-hn-\p--Xm-Ipp.- A-Xn-\m- \n-- A-m-lp-thmsSm-w- B-sc-bpw- hn-fn-p- {]m-Yn--cpXv''- (72:-18).""\n-tm-Sv- F-s- Zm-k
- m- F-s-n- tNm-Zn-m- Rm- (A-h-v- F-hpw)- A-Sp-p--h-\m-Ip-p- (F-v- ]-dbp-I).- {]m-Yn-p--h- F-s- hn-fn-v-

sm--h- B- B-cm-[y-s- ap-gp-hI-]\

- m- \
- n-tZ-i
- f
- p-w- ]m-en-p-sIm-vPo-hn-p-hm-- X-bm-dm-Ip-sa-X
- n- kwi-b-an-.- A-h- kXyhpw [ahpw
\oXnbpw ap \Ifpw ssIapXembph\m-bn-cn-pw.- A-h-s\-p-dn-vBpw \tX ]dbphm\pmIq.
DX hnZym`ymkwsImpw Db
tPmen sImpsampw a\pjy
a\pjy\mIn. {kjvSmhnep
ANeamb hnizmkhpw acWm\c PohnXnse cminIfnep {]Xobpw `bhpw Dht
[manI aqey apdpsInSnv
Pohnp "a\pjy'\mbn amdphm
Ignbq;- \--bp-sS- Po-hn-p-- D-Zm-l-cW-a-m-bn- am-dp-hm- I-gn-bq.- A-h- \-I- sN-p--Xv- ssZ-h-n-s- {]-Xn-^ew- B-{K-ln-p- am-{X-am-bn-cn-pw.{]-m-Yn-m- Rm- B- {]m-Y-\-bv-vD--cw- \-Ip--Xm-Wv...''- (2:-186).""X-tm-Sv- ]-p-tN-s-Sp-
- X
- v- Am-lp- H-cn--epw- s]m-dp-p-I-bn-.- AsXm-gn-p--sX-mw- A-h- D-t-in-p-h-v- A-h- s]m-dp-p-sIm-S-p-p-Xm-Wv...''- (4:-48).""Xo--bm-bpw- \n-\-pw- \n-s- app--h-pw- k-t-iw- \-I-s--n-p-Xv- C-X-s{X-:- "(A-m-lp-hn-\v)- \- ]-mfn-sb- tN-p-]
-
- w- Xo-b
- m-bpw\n-s- I-aw- \n-jv-^-e-am-bn-tm-Ip-Ibpw- \o- \-jv-S-m-cp-sS- Iq--n- B-IpI-bpw- sN-pw''- (39:-65).-hn-ip--IzpB-\n-s- hn-iZo-I-c-W-

H-- {]-XnH-c-p- h-j-t-vc-p- h-j-t-v

am-Wv- kp--v- A-Y-hm- \-_n-N-c-y.\-_n--sb- A-\p-k-cn-- \-p-sS_m-[y-X-bm-Wv.- A-m-lp- ]-d-bp-p-:""]-d-bp-I-;- \n--- A-m-lp-sh-bpwd-kq-en-s\-bpw- A-\p-k-cn-p-hn''(3:-32).""B-- A-m-lp-sh-bpw- A-h-sd-kq-en-s\-bpw- [n--cn-p-I-bpw- A-hs- (\n-b-a)-]-cn-[n-I- ew-Ln-p-I-bpwsN-p-p-thm- A-h-s\- A-m-lp- \-c-KmKv-\n-bn- {]-th-in-n-pw.- A-h-\-Xn\n-Xy-hm-kn-bm-bn-cn-pw.- A-]-am-\-I-c-amb- in--bm-Wv- A-h-\p--Xv''- (4:-14).B-cm-[-\-bv--l-\m-bn- A-m-lpam-{X-ta-bp-q- F-- bm-Ym-Yyw- D-

----

hn-ip-- Izp-B- ]-d-bp-p-:""...\--sX-v- \n-- s]-p-I-bmsW-n-epw- Xo--bm-bpw- A-m-lp- A-Xdn-bp--h-\m-Ip-p''- (2:-215).""A-tm- B- H-c-Wp-hn-s-d- Xqw- \-- sN-bv-Xn-cp-p-thm- A-h-\-XvIm-Wpw''- (99:-7).-""h--h-\pw- H-cp- \-- sIm-p-hm A-h-v- A-Xn-s-d- ]-Xn--S-ve-`n-p--Xm-Wv.- h--h-\pw- H-cp- Xn-sIm-p-h-m- A-Xn-\p- Xp-e-y-am-b{]-Xn-^-ew- am-{X-sa- A-h-v- \-I-s-SpI-bp-q.- A-ht- cm-Sv- bm-sXm-c\
- o-Xn-bpwIm-Wn-s
- -Sp-Ib
- n-''- (6:-161).-

15
180
360

P.B. No:1981, Vyttila, Cochin-682019, Tel: 0484 2301275, 04842301576, Fax: 04842301175
2013 s^{_phcn

44

hoWw: 3

imkv{Xw I-s-m- im-kv-{X kq-N-\-I IzpB-\n -\nv

tUm: ]n.sI ApdkmJv kpan

]-n-I-fp-sSbpw D-dp-p-I-fp-sSbpw `m-j
]-n-I-sf-p-dn-p- ]T-\-amWv Ornithology. ]-n-I-v `m-jbptm F- tNm-Zy-n-\v tem-I {]-kn-cm-b ]-n-im-kv-{X--m-cpsS a-dp]-SnD-v]-cn-an-Xam-b kti ssI-am-- am-{Xw. DZm: C-WtNc, i-{Xp-hn-s\ `-b-sSp, `-Ww tX-S Xp-Sn-b B-h-iy-v th-n ]-eX-cw i-hpw ]-n-I ]p-d-s-Sp-hn-m-dpv.
tUm: kenw A-en ]-n-I-fp-sS `m-j-sb-n ]-d-bpp: "Do The
birds have language? Certainly they have. If by language is meant that they
can communicate with and understand one another... man can also claim to
understand the language of birds. Solomon himself could hardly have done
more.'' (Dr. Salim Ali: The Book of Indian birds -Bombay Natural History
society 1977 -Page XXII)
""]-n-I-v `m-j-bp-tm? Xo--bmbpw Dv. X-n-X-n B-ibhn-\na-bw \-S-m\pw a-\-n-em-m-\p-ap- `m-j-bp-v. a-\p-jy-\v
]-n-I-fp-sS `m-j A-dnbmw F-v A-h-Im-i-s-Sm I-gn-bpw tkm-fa-\v
X-sbpw Iq-Sp-X sN-m I-gn-n-n.''
2013 s^{_phcn

45

fpw Hm-m-sX \n--sf N-hn-n-t-v I-f-bm-Xn-cns'

^-e-kv-Xo-\n-se A-jv-I-tem Xm-gvh-c-bn-em-Wv C-Xv kw-`hn-Xv. ]-n-Ipw D-dp-p-Ipw `m-j-bp-v F-X C-hn-Sp-s A-am-\p-jn-I-X. A-Xv kp-sse-am \-_nv a-\-n-em-m I-gn-p F--Xm-Wv A-am-\p-jn-I-X
AY-hm ap-Av-Pn-kv. ]-n-Ipw D-dp-p-Ipw
kp-sse-am \-_n-bp-sS ap-p- Im-epw C-tm-gpsam-s Iq-Sp-X kz-X-{am-b `m-j-bp-v ]-s Cph-sc im-kv{X-tem-I-n-\v A-Xv {K-ln-m I-gn-nn. H-cp ]-s `m-hn-bn A-Xv km-[n-t-mw.

]p-cm-Po-hn-Is- f-- n-bp- ]T-\

- n-\p-]t- bm-Kn-p am-Kw t^m-kn ]T-\a- mWv. A-t\-Im-bn-cw hj--v ap-v D-m-bn-cp- Po-hn-I N-v Insbpw C-cp-v t]m-ep tem-l
- f- p-sSbpw `m-Ka- mbn amdpwA-Xm-Wv t^m-kn-epI. t^m-kn-ep-Is- fp-dn-v IzpB kq-N-\ \-Ippv.

{]-Im-im-Xn thK-X
{]-]--n G-hpw th-K-X-bn k--cn-p-Xv
{]-Im-iw am-{X-am-Wv F-m-Wv N-cn-{X-n-se G-hpw hn-eb `u-Xn-Ii
- m-kv{- X-\m-b B-_v sF-ss-s
kn-mw. H-cp sk-n 3 e-w In-tem-ao-d-m-Wv
{]Im-ithK-X. kq-cy I-gn-m G-hpw A-Sp-p-
\--{Xam-b t{]m-Iv-kn-am sk-tm-dn-bn-te-v t]mepw
\m-te-Im-h-jw {]-Im-iw k--cn--Ww. 9.46 e-w
tIm-Sn In-tem-ao--dm-Wv H-cp {]-Im-i-hjw. B-bn-cw tIm-Snbn-e-[n-Iw h-jw {]-Im-iw k--cn-m am{Xw hn-Zq-c-Xbn \-{Xk-aq-l
- f
- p-sS km-n[yw I-s-n-bn-pw
A-Xn-\-p-d-p- H-ma-s B-Im-iw t]mepw I-sn-bn-n. ap-l-Zv \_n sb a--bn-se a-kv-Pn-Zp
l-d-an-\n-v P-dq-k-e-an-se a-kv-Pn-Zp A-Jv-k-bn-tepw
A-hn-Sp-v Hmw B-Im-iw apX Hm-tcm B-Im-i--fn-eqsSbpw k--cn-n-v Ggmw B-Im-ihpw kz-Khpw h-sc
F-n-v A-tX cm-{Xn-bn a--bn Xn-cn-s-np. am-{Xa `q-an-bn Hmtcm Zu-Xyhpw G-n--s-Sp-tm A-Xv
\n-h-ln-p--Xn-\v th-n Fm Kym-e-Iv-kn-I-fp-sSbpw
A-pd-v \n-p- B-Im-i-n- \n-v `q-an-bn-tepw
Xn-cnpw a-e-p-I k--cn-pp. a-e-p-I {]-ImiwsIm-m-Wv kr-n--s-Xv. a-\p-jy-cp-sS I-n-\v tKm-N-cam-hp- {]-Im-iw kq-cy-{]-Im-i-n-se h-be-v ap-X
sd-Uv (VIBGYOR) BWv. h-b-e-n-\v A-p-d-p- A{Sm-h-b-e-pw sd-Un-\v C-p-d-p- C-{^m-sd-Upw,
B-^m, _om, F-Iv-kv-sd Xp-Sn-b A-t\-Iw {]-Im-iw
\-p-sS \--t\-{X-sIm-v Im-Wm I-gn-bn. AXvsIm-v \-ap-v a-e-pI-sf Im-Wp-n.

C-{X- am-{Xta Hm-Wn-tm-fP

- n-kv
- p-I-v
]-d-bm I-gn-bp-I-bp-p F-nepw ]-n-I-v
kz-X-{-am-b `m-j-bp-v F-v IzpB
hy--am-p-p:
""kpsseam ZmhqZns A\cmhIminbm-bn. Atlw ]dp: P\tf,
]nIfpsS `mj \apv ]Tnnsncnpp. Fm Imcyfn \npw
\apv \IsSpIbpw sNbvXncnpp.
Xobmbpw CXv XsbmIpp {]Xyamb
A\p{Klw.'' (27:16)
kp-sse-am Zm-hq-Zn-s A-\--cm-hIm-in-bm-bn. A-t-lw ]-d-p: "P-\-tf
]-n-I-fp-sS `m-j \-ap-v ]Tn-n--s-n-cnpp "27:23 ap-X aq-v h-N-\--fn lp-Zvlp-Zv F- D-q- ]-n (Hoopoe) kp-sseam \_n-tbm-Sv Xm b-a-\n I- kq-cymcm-[-I-bm-b cm-n-sb-p-dn-v hn-h-cnp-sIm-Sp-Xm-bn Im-Wmw. C-tX A-[ym-bw 27:18
]-d-bpp. "A-s\ Ah (kp-sse-am
\-_nbpw ssk-\y-hpw) D-dp-n Xm-gv-h-c-bneq-sS sN--tm H-cp D-dp-v ]-d-p. "tl
D-dp-pI-sf \n- \n--fp-sS ]m-n-S--fn
{]-th-inp-sIm-p-I. kp-sse-am\pw ssk-\y2013 s^{_phcn

ap-l-Zv \-_n-bp-sS B-Imim-tcm-lW

- b
- m-{Xbpw
a-e-p-I-fp-sS k-m-chpw sk-n 3 e-w In-tem-ao F- th-K-X-bn-em-Wv F-n C-Xn-s\mw tIm-Sn--Wn-\v h-j- F-Sp-p-am-bn-cpp. A-Xn-\m a-e-p-Ifp-sS bm-{Xbpw {]-hm-NI-s B-Imim-tcm-l-Whpw apw
{]-Im-im-Xn-th-KX
- b
- n-em-Wv F- Im-cy-n kw-ib
- a
- n.
sF-ss-s kn-m-w a-e-p-I-v _m-[-Ia.
`uXn-I {]-]--n-em-Wv A-Xv _m-[-I-am-Ip--Xv.
im-kv{X-temI-v {]-Im-im-Xn-th-Kw I-s-n-bn-n-snepw A-Xn-\v H-cp km-]n-I t]-cv \-In-bn-pv.
A-XmWv Tachyon speed.
a-e-p-Ifpw Smn-tbm kv-]oUpw IzpB ]-cn-N46

kq-cy Ing-v \n-v ]-Snm-tdm-v k--cn-pn. `q-an ]-Sn-m-dp-\n-v In-g-tm-v Xn-cn-bp-Xn-\m \-ap-v A-s\ tXm-p-I-bmWv. Fm kq-cy kz-w km--]nI A-p-X
- n
Xn-cn-bp-p. 20 tIm-Sn h-j- sIm-v ann-th Kym-e-Iv-kn-bp-sS tI-{-n-\v Np-p-am-bn
H-cp Np-v ]q-n-bm-p-Ibpw sN-pp. Cu
Im-e-L--n-\m-Wv H-cp tIm-kv-an-Iv h-jw F-v
]-d-bp-Xv. Cu hym-Jym-\--sfmw kq-cy k-cn-p-p F-v IzpB ]-cm-a-in-p-Xn-t\m-tS tbm-Pn-p-pp.
kr-n-n-s XpS-w`q-an-bn sX-fn-hpI
{]-]- kr-n-n-s\-p-dn-p- ]T\w Cosmogony
AY-hm {]-]-tm]-n hn-m-\o-bw F- im-J-bn
s]-Spp. Po-h-tem-I-n-s Xp-S--s-p-dn-p- ]T-\am-Wv ]p-cm-Po-h hn-m-\w AYhm Paleontology. Cu
c-v hn-`m-K-nepw hn-P-b-I-cam-b K-thj-Ww \-S-m
`q-an-bn X-s a-Xnbm-b sX-fn-hp-I D-v F-v
IzpB ]Tn-n-p-p.
""]-d-bp-I: \n- `q-an-bn-eq-sS k--cn-n-v A-h
G-Xv {]-Im-cw kr-n B-cw-`n-n-cn-p-p F-v t\mp.
]n-o-Sv Am-lp A-h-km-\w a-sm-cn- Iq-Sn kr-n-p-XmWv. Xo--bmbpw Am-lp G-Xv Im-cy-n\pw I-gnhp--h-\-s{X.'' (29:20)
Hm-tcm C-\w Po-h-Pm-e--fnepw B-Zy-s tPm-UnI-sf
Am-lp BZyw kr-np. H-cp B B-\H-cp s]m\H-cp ]q-h tIm-gnH-cp ]n-S-tm-gn F-n-s\-sbmw.
]p-cm-Po-hn-I-sf--n-bp- ]T-\-n-\p-]-tbm-Kn-p- amKw t^m-kn ]T-\-amWv. A-t\-Im-bn-cw h-j--v
ap-v D-m-bn-cp- Po-hn-I N-v In-sbpw C-cp-v
t]m-ep tem-l--fp-sS `m-K-am-bn amdpwA-Xm-Wv t^mkn-epI: t^m-kn-ep-I-sf-p-dn-v IzpB kq-N-\ \Ipp: ""\o ]-d-bp-I. \n- Itm C-cptm B-bn-smp-I. A-s-n \n--fp-sS a-\-p-I-fn h-ep-Xm-bn
tXm-p- G-sX-nep-sam-cp kr-n-bm-bn-sm-pI.
(F-m-epw \n- ]p-\-cp-o-hn--s-Spw)'' (17:5051)
kr-n-n-s XpS-w F-m Po-hn-I-fp-sS XpS-w
am-{X-a a-lm-hnkv-t^m-S\w, k-ap-{Z--fp-sS Xp-Sw, ]hX-f
- p-sS cq-]o-Ic-Ww Xp-Sn-b A-t\-Iw kr-n-If
- p-sS
B-cw-`-n-\p- sX-fn-hp-I `q-an-bn--\n-v X-s In-pw.
A-Xn-m-bn hnhn-[ cm-Py--fnepw k-ap-{Z--fn-epw bm-{X
sN-bv-Xv D-ZvJ-\-\ K-th-j-Ww (Excavation) \-S-p--Xn-\v
th-n-bm-Wv IzpB-\n-s B-lzm\w.IzpB Im-Wn-v X- am-K
-- -fn-eq-sS K-th-jW]T-\- \-S-p- H-cp k-aq-ltam cm{tam D-sn F{Xtbm hn-h-c- tem-I-n-\v \-Im\pw
IzpB-\n-s A-am-\p-jn-I-X-bp-sS hy-am-b sX-fn-hpI Im-Wn-m\pw km-[n-p-am-bn-cpp.

b-s-Sp-n-bn-p-s-nepw Du-X
- {- w
(Physics), tKm-fi
- m-k{v- Xw (Astronomy), {]-Im-i
hn-m-\w (Optics) Xp-Sn-b cw-K
- f
- n
IzpB-\n-s F{Xtbm ]n-n-em-Wv im-kv{Xw
Cpw F-n-\n-p-Xv F- Im-cy-n
kw-ib
- a
- n.
kq-cy-s {]-tXy-I k-mcw
""kq-cy A-Xn-s n-c-am-bp- H-cp
m-\-t-v k--cn-pp. {]-Xm-]nbpw
k---\pam-b Am-lp I-W-m-n-b-XmWXv.'' (36:38)
kq-cy Ing-v \n-v ]-Snm-tdm-v k--cnp-n. `q-an ]-Sn-m-dp-\n-v In-g-tm-v Xn-cnbp--Xn-\m \-ap-v A-s\ tXm-p-I-bmWv.
F-m kq-cy kz-w km--]nI A-p-Xn Xn-cn-bp-p. 20 tIm-Sn h-j- sIm-v
an-n-th Kym-e-Iv-kn-bp-sS tI-{-n-\v Np-pam-bn H-cp Np-v ]q-n-bm-p-Ibpw sN-pp.
Cu Im-e-L--n-\m-Wv H-cp tIm-kv-an-Iv h-jw
(Cosmic year) F-v ]-d-bp-Xv. Cu hym-Jym-\-sfmw kq-cy k--cn-p-p F-v
IzpB ]-cm-a-in-p-Xn-t\m-tS tbm-Pn-ppp. F-m n-c-am-bp- H-cp m-\t-v F- {]-tbm-K-n-\v ]n-b H-cp
im-kv-{Xo-b hym-Jym-\w C-Xp-h-scbpw I-p-]n-Snn-n. kq-cy-s N-e-\-s-p-dn-p- ]T-\ Xp-S-cpp. H-cp ]-s n-c-am-bp-
m-\-t-p- H-cp {]-tXy-I Ne-\w kq-cy\p-v F-v I-s-n-tb-mw. tKm-fi
- m-kv{Xw
I-s-n-bmepw C-s-nepw A-Xv bm-Ym-YyamWv. Imc-Ww kq-cy-sbpw {]-]--n-sbpw
{k-m-hv A-h-X-cn-n- {K--as{X IzpB
`q-an-sb sIm-p tKm-f-n-en-cn-p- \mw
F-{Xbpw sNdn-b H-cp X-cn am-{X-ta hn-m-\km-Kc
-
- n-\n-v kzm-b
- nam-n-bn-pp.
2013 s^{_phcn

47

Bi DWp kv{Xo kpc

A-""\_ntb,
_q-A-ao- \ns ]Xv\namtcmSpw ]p{XnamtcmSpw kXyhnizmknIfpsS kv{XoItfmSpw
A-h XfpsS aqSp]S XfpsSta XmgvnbnSm ]dbpI: Ah Xncndn-bs-Sphm\pw, As\ Ah ieyw sNsSmXncnphm\pw AXmWv Ghpw A\ptbmPy-am-bXv. Amlp Gsd s]mdpph\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIpp.'' (IzpB: 33:59)

Iq _emkwKfpsSbpw am\-`wK-{iafpsSbpw sRnp ]pXnb

]p-Xnb hmIfmWv Hmtcm Znhkhpw
]pdphpsImncnpXv. s]IpnIfpsS Imcyn amXm]nXmfpw
`mcyamcpsS Imcyn `mfpw ktlmZcnamcpsS Imcyn ktlmZ-cfp-samw KuchXcamb Bibne-Is-psImncnpIbmWv. Cu \ne XpSm \psS \mSpw \Kcfpsams
Fmbnocpsav hymIpe-sSm-hcm-bn BcpapmIpsav tXmpn.
]t, hymIpeXIpw BiI-papdw CXns\mcdpXn hcpm\pw
kv{XoIp t\sc \Sp Ccw
I-tsf ^e{]Zambn {]Xntcm-[nm-\pap amKsf Ipdnv Nnnp- Hs i_vZ am{XamWv tIpXv. Ahbn Xs `qcn`mKhpw
ssh-ImcnIamb tcmj{]IS\fpw It-p tijap inm\S]SnIsfbpsams NpnnbpXmWv Xm\pw. adnv Ccw Itfpm-IpXv FpsImv? AhbpsS kmlNcyfpw ImcWfpw Fsms-bmWv? Fsmw Isn ^e{]Zambn
t\cnSpIbmWv thXv. tcmKw hnv
NnInnpXnt\m tcmKw h-cmsX kqnpXmWtm \Xv.
]Shs krnnse sshhn-[yfpw AhnSbnse ]mckv]cyfpw
ApXmhlfmWv. kv{Xo ]pcpj hn`mKfnse ]ckv]c BIjWfpw
ssPh {]Xn`mkfpsamw AXns
`mKamWv. {]IrXnbpsS `mKamb Ccw

bm-YmYy Insv \Snm Zpcfpw Itfpw C\nbpw B-h-npsmtbncnpw. {]XypX Ccw bmYmYysf {InbmXvaI
- a
- m-bn
D]tbmKsSppIbmWv thXv.
kv{Xo- ]pcpjamcpsS ]ckv]c-ap ]cn[nhn CSs]SepIfpw A]IS hnfnphcppXpw ssewKnIhnImcsf DtPnnp hn[nep-- hkv{X[mcWfpw sIm-npg-psImp kwkm-cco-XnIfpw Fmw \nb{nstS--Xp-v. aoUnbIfneqsSbpw hnt\mZfneq-sS-bpw \nd-smgpIp Ipgn ssew-Kn-IXbpsS AXn{]kcw Zqchym-]I
- amb {]XymLmX krn-p-p-s-Xv Hcp bmYmYyamWv.
aXtmSpw aX{KtfmSpap
A-amb FXnpI amnshv Ahbnse [manIm[ym]\fpw ssZhnI
\ntZifpw ]mens-SpIbmsW-n Ccw It ^e{]Zambn
Ipdp sImphcphm km[npXm-Wv. hy`nNmcw IpIcambn ImWp
IzpB hy`nNcncpsX tIhe
D-]tZiw \IpI am{Xa sNpXv
F Imcyw hfsc {itbamWv. Am-lp ]dbpp:
""\n hy`nNmcs kao]nv
t]m-IcpXv. Xobmbpw AXv Hcp \o-Nhrnbpw Zpjn amKhp- a mIpp.'' (17:32)
AXntep khIhmSfpw
sImn ASp amK \ntZi

2013 s^{_phcn

48

{]hmNIm[ym]\fnepw hniZambn
Xs ImWmhpXmWv . IzpB
hopapWpp
""(\_ntb) \o kXyhnizmknItfmSv
AhcpsS ZrjvSnI Xmgvphm\pw,
Kplymhbh Impkqn-p-hm\pw ]dbpI. AXmWv Ahv Gsd
]-cnipambnpXv. Xobmbpw Am-lp Ah {]hnp-Xn-s\-n
kqv a ambn Adnbph\mIpp.
kXyhnizmkn\nItfmSpw AhcpsS Zrjv S nI Xmgv phm\pw AhcpsS
Kplymhbh Impkq-n-p-hm\pw, AhcpsS `wKnbn \nv {]XyambsXmgnv asmpw shfnsSpmXncnp-hm\pw \o ]dbpI. AhcpsS a\-I IpmbamdpIv aosX Ah
XmgvnbnpsIms. AhcpsS `-m-am, AhcpsS ]nXm, Ah-cpsS `Xr]nXm, AhcpsS ]p{X-am, AhcpsS `Xr]p{Xam, AhcpsS ktlmZcam, AhcpsS ktlmZc]p{Xam, AhcpsS ktlmZco
]p{Xam, apkvenwIfn \np
kv{XoI, AhcpsS hewssII DS-as-Spnbh (ASnaI), ssewKnImk-IvXn Dhcm ]pcpjamcmb
]-cnNmcI, kv{XoIfpsS clky
a\nemnbnnm IpnI F-nh-scmgnv ampw XfpsS `wKn Ah shfnsSpcpXv.''-(24:30,31)
[manIabneqnsmv Hcp
kpcnXkaqls sInSpphm
\mw Hmtcmccpw {ianpI. \mY
A\p{KlnpI!

""A-m-lp-hn-te-v- -Wn-p-I-bpw- k-I-aw- {]-h-n-p-I-bpw- "Xo-bmbpw- Rm- apkv-enw-I-fp-sS- Iq--n-em-Ip-p'- F-v- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- sN-Xv-Xhs\-m- hn-i-n-jv-S-am-b- hm-v- ]-d-bp-- a-m-cp-v?''-- Izp-B-- 41:-33
""\o- ap-tJ-\- A-m-lp- H-cm-sf- k-m-K-n-em-p-I- F--Xv Cu- tem-I-hpwAXn-ep--Xpw- \n-\-v- e-`n-p--Xn-t\-m- D--a-am-Wv''-- ap-l--Zv- \-_n

\n--pw- ]-cn-io-e-\w- kn-n-- {]-t_m-[-I-\m-Imw-!-

\n-v- Hm-^v- {Sq-v- Z-Av-hm- h-v-tjm-v 2013

]-p-Zn-h-kw- \o-p-\n-p--Xm-hpw- h-v-tjm-v-.
B-Zym-h-km-\w- ]q-W-am-bn- ]-s-Sp-p-hm- I-gn-bp--h- am-{Xw- A-t]-n-p-I-.

C-hn-sS- ap-dn-p-I-

2013 G{]nsa-bv- am-k-n-em-hpw- h-vtjm-v- \-S-p-I.- Xo-b-Xn-bpw- -e-hpwsX-c-s-Sp--s--h-sc- A-dn-bn-pw.]p-cp-j-m-pw- kv-{Xo-I-pw- A-t]-n-mw.]p-cp-j-m-pw- kv-{Xo-I-pw- sh-t-sdbmbm-Wv- h-v-tjm-v- \-SpI.km[m-c-W-m,- a-X-]-n-X-m,- B-Sv-kv- tIm-f-Pv- hn-Zym-Y-n-I,- s{]m-^-jWhn-Zym-Y-n-I,- A-d-_n-Iv- tIm-f-Pv- hn-Zym-Y-n-I- F-n-h-v- {]tXy-Iw- {]-tXyIwh-v-tjm-p-I-fm-Wv- kw-L-Sn-n-p--Xv.- Hm-tcm- hn-`m-K-n-s-bpw- ku-I-cyw- ]cnKWn-m-Wv- Xo-b-Xn-,- kv-Y-ew- F-n-h- \n--bn-p-I.A-t]--I-cn-\n-v- sX-c-s-Sp--s-h-v- am-{X-sa- {]-th-i-\w- \-Iq.A-t]--I- X-]m-en- A-b-p-I-tbm- t\-cn-v- F-d-Wm-Ip-fw- \n-v- Hm-^v- {Sq-vskdn- G-]n-p-I-tbm- am-{Xw- sN-p-I.A-t]--bp-sS- cq-]-w- A-Sp-- t]-Pn--.(At]--bp-sS- t^m-tm-kv-m-v- tIm-n-bpw- D-]-tbm-Kn-m-hp--Xm-Wv)A-t]-- e-`n-t-- A-h-km-\- Xo-b-Xn- 15.-03.-2013
A-b-t-- hn-em-kw-:

DAWA WORKSHOP
Niche of Truth, P.B. No: 1981
Vyttila, Cochin-19
Tel: 0484 2301275, 2301576, 2301175
Email: islam@nicheoftruth.org
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49

\nv Hm^v {Sqv ZAvh hvtjmv 2013

cPnkvt{Sj t^mw
t]-cv-:hn-em-kw:-

Pn-:

]n-:-

t^m-:-

C-hn-sS- ap-dn-p-I-

sa-ss_-:C-sa-bn-:P-\-\-o-b-Xn-:-

h-b--v:-

hn-Zym-`ym-ktbm-Ky-X-:-

tPm-en-:]-T-n-p--/
tPm-en-sN-p-m-]-\w-:G-sX-n-epw- C-kv-em-an-I- kw-L-S-\-I-fn-tem- a-v- kv-Ym-]-\--fn-tem- {]-h-n-p-psh-nA-Xn-s\--p-dn-p--- ]q-W-hn-h-cw-:-

-ew-:Xo-b-Xn-:-

H-v-

2013 s^{_phcn

50