Footing

Failures
1.Bearing failure
2.Serviceability failure
3.Excessive total settlement
q
FS
q
q
ult
A
=
P
M
Centroidal Axis
P/A
My/I
L/6 L/6
Kern
L
B
6
L
e
K
=
I
My
A
P
q =
P
c
=0

540 lb/ft
2
300 lb/ft
2
240 lb/ft
2
P
c
540 lb/ft
2
300 lb/ft
2
240 lb/ft
2
q
n
=P
c
/A

2 ft of soil @120 lb/ft
3
2 ft of concrete @150 lb/ft
3
Gross soil pressure =
540+q
n
lb/ft
3
q
n
=P
c
/A

Net soil pressure
M
P
Area of footing


( )
a
q
L e surch footing Structure D
A
+
=
arg , ,
Only Dead load and Live load
Including Wind load also
Area of footing


( )
a
q
W L e surch footing Structure D
A
33 . 1
arg , , + +
=
( )
A
L structure D
q
nu
7 . 1 4 . 1 +
=
or
( )
A
W L structure D
q
nu
] 7 . 1 7 . 1 4 . 1 [ 75 . 0 + +
=
Isolated footing with axial load and moment
Design Input
Grade of concrete
Grade of steel
Allowable soil pressure
Column load
Moment
Condition about overburden of soil
Design procedure
Assume column size
Assume footing size
Total load=wt of footing+column load
Average soil pressure q= total load / footing area
Allowable soil pressure > Average soil pressure
then footing are is ok



Checking the footing area
Finding factored loads
Factored column load=1.4xdead load+1.7xlive load

Average factored soil pressure q
net
=Factored column load/footing area

Average d
v
=total thick cover - bar dia
Eccentricity e=M
u
/P
u


Solving two equations to get q
1
and q
2
Service load equation
Vertical equilibrium

Check for One way shear
Take the critical section as d distance from the
face of the column (as per ACI 318 )
1.find pressure at critical section
2.find V
u
3.find V
u
If V
u
>V
u

Check for Two way shear

Take the critical section as d/2 distance all around
the face of the column (as per ACI 318 )
1. find pressure at critical section
2. Find the value of b
o
2.find V
u
3.find V
u
is smallest of these

d b f V
o c
c
c
'
4
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
|
|
d b f
b
d
V
o c
o
s
c
'
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
o
|
d b f V
o c c
'
4 | =
c u
V V <
Safe against two way shear

Otherwise increase the depth
Check for flexural reinforcement
Max moment occurs at the face of the column
Find average pressure
Find required moment M
n
=M
u
/
Find required A
st
Min A
st
=0.0018bh
Max spacing=18 in

Development length
'
04 . 0
c
y
d
f
Af
l =
Thank You