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Solar System

Earth's axis

: Day

# ) ( 24
#
# Day
# Night
*
* Year
&
-1
-2
-3
@ 365 4/1
365
Leap year
* 4
) ( 0 0 1900 2200
400
: Earth's axis
) (
) (
Two equinoxes

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axis (an imaginary line


joining the north and
south poles) once
every24 hours. It is
because of the Earths
spin that
we experience
Unit 8.3
day and night. The part
of the Earth receiving
light directly from the
Sun is experiencing day,
while the other side, not
receiving direct
sunlight, experiences
.night

The year

The time taken by a


planet to orbit (travel
around) the Sun is
called a year.
Seasons
As the Earth orbits the
Sun, the tilt causes
different parts of the
Earth to experience
different heating effects
in other words,
different seasons.

Solar System 2

1) Clarify what is meant by the Earths axis.1) ) ) .

2) State how long it takes the Earth to rotate once on its


axis
2)
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3) State how long it takes the Earth to travel once around
the Sun.
3 )
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4 True or false:
a) The year 2000 was a leap year.( )
b) The year 2100 will be a leap year.( )
4 )
) 2000 (
)a
) 2100 ) ( b
5) Describe the feature of the Earth that is responsible for the
seasons
5 )

.
6) State the angle of the Earths tilt. )
6 .......................................
7) If the Earths axis was not tilted, explain whether there
would be:
a) seasons
b) day and night
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8) Identify the location on Earth where day and night are always the
same length.

8 )
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..
9) Clarify the following terms:) :
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A) Hemisphere ..
Hemisphere
)b) Line of latitude
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........... c) Equinox

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10) If the Earth tilted even more, explain how the seasons would be
affected.
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Solar System 3
1) Identify which is longer, day or night, for the area marked A on Earth in
Figure 1

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Figure 1

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Solar System 4
1
)
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1-
(
( 2-
3-
(
( 4-
( 5-

2
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2-
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3-

4-

The planets of the solar


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system,
in order

starting
from closest to

the Sun, are: Mercury,


Venus, Earth, Mars,
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Jupiter,
Saturn,
Uranus

.and Neptune. Pluto


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All the planets have
days and years of
1different lengths.
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The four innermost
......................................
planets are called
terrestrial (meaning
21986......................................................................................
Earth-like)
and orbit
.....................................
the Sun in almost
circular orbits. The
3other,
outer planets
2000 .....................................................................................
move in elliptical or
......................................
oval orbits.
4Mercury is the smallest
2016
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planet
.......................................
in the solar system and
is the
closest planet to the
Sun, although
it is not the hottest.
Mercury is in many
ways similar to Earths
Moon.
Planets 1)
Venus, the hottest
:Planets
planet, is a similar size
9 :
to the Earth

Earth is the third planet
Mars -4 Earth -3 Venus -2 Mercury -1
from the Sun, Earth is
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known as the blue or
water planet and is the
only planet currently
known to support life.
Mars is the red planet.

Interior planets
-5 -Jupiter 6 -Saturn 7 Uranus
-8 -Neptune 9 Pluto
Outer planets
Day :
Year :
Mercury -1 :
Day 59 : Year 88 :

Venus -2
Day 243 : Year 225 :
Earth -3 - -
Day 24 : Year 365 4/1 :
Mars -4 :
Day 1.03 : Year 687 :
-5 : Jupiter
Day 9 : 55 Year 11.8 :
-6 Saturn
Day 10 : 39 Year 29.5 :
-7 Uranus
Day 17 : 14 Year 84 :
-8 Neptune
Day 16 : 7 Year 165 :
-9 Pluto
Day 6 : Year 249 :
:

)2 Planets
1 ?What is a Planet -1
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2 ?How many Planets in the solar system -2
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3 ?Name Planets of the solar system -3
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-1
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)3 Planets
1
-1
(


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-2
(
-3
(
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(
-5
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687

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-3 ............................... ........................................

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) The Moon ( 1

Phases of the Moon

The Moon takes about a


month to orbit the Earth, and
spins at a similar rate, and
therefore we always see the
same face of the Moon. How
much of the Moons face we
see depends on where it is in
its orbit around the Earth. We
call these different views
phases. There are eight main

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Phases of moon
) 28 ) %
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#
: &
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) New moon


Waxing Crescent :
) First Quarter ) : 7
Gibbous :
) :Full moon ) 14
Gibbous :
) Third Quarter ) : 21
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Waning Crescent :

The Moon ( 2
1
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2
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3
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7 70
...
8 180

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The Moon ( 3
1
) ( ................................. 1-
) ( ............................... 2-
) 2 ) ( )
)(

)(
Gibbous 1-

)
)

New moon2-

Full moon3-

Waning Crescent4-

First Quarter5-

Waxing Crescent6-

(
)

Third Quarter7-

(
)

3
1-

2-

3-

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Space 1 -
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$
-1 : Terrestrial observatories )
(
) (
: : ---------- :
-2 Space observatories

: 1990
-3 Telescope
Types of telescopes
-1

:
- :

-2 :
-4 Satellites
-1 -Nile sat 2 Arab sat
-5 : Space rockets

-1 :

-2



) (

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Space2-
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Space3 -
1
(

-1 )
(
-2 )
-3 )
-4 )
-5 )
(
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(
(
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2
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4 ) ( A ) ( B
B
A
-1 ( )Space observatories
)Space rockets

( -2

)Telescope

) Terrestrial observatories

-3
-4
) Satellites

(
-5

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Hydrosphere


Atmosphere
) (



Lithosphere

- ) Slabs of Rocks (

Weathering and Erosion





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Water Cycle
Water Cycle

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Solar System

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