The Nature of Managerial Accounting

-1 :Introduction

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-3 Components of Managerial
Accounting System


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" Responsibility
Accounting System
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-3-1 :Budgeting System


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-3-2 :Cost Accounting System



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Standard Cost





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-4-3 :Responsibility Accounting System




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" Cost Center

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 " " Profit Center

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Investment Center
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-4-4 :Financial Analysis




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-5 The Similarities
between Financial Accounting and Managerial Accounting
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SUMMARY :



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Glossary

Accountability
Accountancy
Accounting
Accountant
Accountant's report
)Accounting information system (AIS
Accounting operations
Accounting period
Accounting principle
Accounting process
Accounting report
)Activity Based Costing (ABC
Analysis of financial statements
Audit, Auditing
Audit report
Auditor
Balance sheet
Bookkeeping
Collecting
Computer Science
Consultant
Controlling, Control

-

-

Corporation
Cost
Cost accounting
Cost allocation
Data
Data warehouse
Decision
Decision - making
Distributing
)Electronic Commerce (EC
Financial statement
Financial year
)Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP
Information
)Information Technology (IT
Managerial (management) accounting
Manager
)Management Information Systems (MISs
Partnership
Performance measurement
Plan
Planning
Problem
Recording
Responsibility
Responsible
Statement of financial position
Storing
Strategy
System
Tax
Tax accounting
Top management
Transforming

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-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

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-2
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-4

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-2 .

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-2 . . ) (2007 .
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-3 . & . ) (2004
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-4 . ) (2006 .

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The Nature of Cost Accounting

:

-1 :Introduction

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-2 The definition of Cost Accounting :

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Standard Cost





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-2 Cost Accounting Objectives :

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-4 The Differences between:
Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting
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-5 The Similarities :
between Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting
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- .

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-6 The Differences between :
Cost, Expense, and Loss
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-7 Cost Classifications :

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-2

-3

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12---7 :

28000

4000

43000

7000

17000

1800

10

38000

6000

11

54000

9200

12

23000

3000

:
:
= 54000

= 9200

= 17000

= 1800

1700054000
-1 =

37000
=

18009200

= 5 /
7400

-2 =
=

3000 = 6000 5
17

 -3 =
= 8000 = 3000 - 38000

:
:

2000

3000

5000

5000

600

900

500

700

4000

6000

7500

1000

1200

1500

12050

15100

:
-1 ) (
-2
-3
-4
3500
:
-1

18

-2

=

900

600
: =

=
200

300

-
=
-
500 700
= 0.2

: =
2000 3000
4000
: =

6000
= 2

=
3000

2000
750 1000
: =

250
=

2000 -3000
- 1500

= 0.25
1000

1200
= 0 3

: =
2000 3000

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3050

12050 - 15100
: =

=
2000 - 3000

= 3.05
1000

) ( = 6100 = 305 2000

= 595 0= 6100 12050
--------- )( = 9150 = 3.05 3000
= 5950 = 9150 - 15100
) ( = 5950
:
:

14500

13900

7750

8200

11000

10750

6000

6800

14000

13450

7500

8000

14500

13900

7750

8200

16000

15250

8500

8800

15500

14800

8250

8600

:
-1
-2
-3

SUMMARY :
20



.


.
)
( .

Glossary

Accountability
Accountancy
Accounting
Accountant
Accountant's report
)Accounting information system (AIS
Accounting operations
Accounting period
Accounting principle
Accounting process
Accounting report
)Activity Based Costing (ABC
Analysis of financial statements
Audit, Auditing
Audit report
Auditor
Balance sheet
Bookkeeping
Collecting
Computer Science
Consultant
Controlling, Control
Corporation
Cost
Cost accounting
Cost allocation
Data
Data warehouse
Decision
Decision - making
Distributing
)Electronic Commerce (EC

Financial statement

21

-

-

Financial year
)Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP
Information
)Information Technology (IT
Managerial (management) accounting
Manager
)Management Information Systems (MISs
Partnership
Performance measurement
Plan
Planning
Problem
Recording
Responsibility
Responsible
Statement of financial position
Storing
Strategy
System
Tax
Tax accounting
Top management
Transforming

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-1

-2

-3

-4

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)( .
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-7 :
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-2
-3
-4

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-2
-3
-4

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-1 . )" (2007 : "
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-2 . . ) (2007 .
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-3 . )" (1426 " .
-4 . ) (2006 .

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Cost Accounting

Managerial Accounting
Cost

Cost Direct

Cost Indirect

Cost Variable
Cost Fixed

Cost Mixed

Cost Manufacturing

Cost Marketing
Cost Administrative

Cost Prime

Cost Conversion

) (

Cost Overhead

Cost Objective
Cost Center

24

Full Absorption Method

Variable Costing Method

Normal Overhead Absorption

Costing Method
The Direct Allocation Method

) (

Step - down Allocation Method

Reciprocal Allocation Method

Direct Material

Direct Labor
Indirect Manufacturing Cost

Normal Spoilage

) (

Abnormal Spoilage

) (

Break-even point

Cost Allocation

Capacity

Capacity Usage Ratio

) (

Contribution Margin
Contribution Margin per Unit

)
(
) (

Total Contribution Margin

) (

Contribution Margin Ratio

Cost Classification

) (

Cost Elements

Cost

of Sales

Job Order

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System Job Order Costing

Joint Costs

Process Costing System

By Products

Actual Costs

Estimated costs

Costs Behavior

Decision making

Decision

Fixed charges

Gross Profit

Net Profit

Prime Cost

Opportunity cost

Differential Cost

Production Cost

Period Cost

Sunk Cost

Relevant Cost

Irrelevant Cost

Production Center

Service Center

Total revenues

Total costs

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Safety Margin

Target Profit

Selling Price

(Unit cost (Cost per Unit

Volume

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