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There are three hundred and sixty (360) bones including
teeth, sockets and nails. Such as:
Teeth - 32
Teeth sockets - 32
Nails - 20
Phalangeal bones of hand and feet - 60
Metaphalangeal bones of hand and feet - 20
Metaphalangeal support of hands and feet - 4
Calcaneum - 2
Ankles(in feet) - 4
Wrist bones (in hands) - 2
Fore Arms - 4
Legs - 4
Knee - 2
jAnukapAla (knee caps) - 2
Thighs - 2
Arms - 2
Shoulders - 2
Shoulder blades - 2
Clavicles - 2
Xiphisternum - 1
Palate bones - 2
Hip bones - 2
Pubis - 1
Back - 45
Neck - 15
Chest - 14
Ribs (both sides) - 24
Rib sockets (both sides) - 24
Tubercles in rib sockets(both sides) - 24
Mandible - 1
Extremities of the mandible - 2
Nose, zygomatic process and forehead - 1
Temporals - 2
Skull bones - 4
TOTAL 360
Thus are the three hundred and sixty bones including
teeth, sockets and nails. [6]
See yAjJNavalkyadharmashAstra 3.84 - 110.
Five seats of the senses are such as - skin, tongue, nose,
eyes and ears. Five sense organs such as - tactile,
gustatory, olfactory, visual and auditory. Five motor organs
such as - hands, feet, anus, genital and speech organ.
One heart which is the seat of consciousness. [7 - 8]
Fifteen are the visceral organs such as - navel, heart,
kloman(lungs), liver, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder,
caecum, stomach, jejunum, rectum, anus, small intestines,
large intestines and omentum. [10]
There are fifty - six sub - parts associated with the six
major parts (of the body). These were not enumerated
earlier in the context of the major parts and as such are
mentioned here such as Calves - 2
Thighs - 2
Buttocks - 2
Testicles - 2
Penis - 1
ukhA (axilla) - 2
Groin (sides of the scrotum) - 2
Ischeal tuberosities - 2
Pubis - 1
Abdomen - 1
Breast - 2
Arms - 2
Forearms - 2
Chin - 1
Lips - 2
Corners of the mouth - 2
Gums - 2
Palate - 1
Uvula - 1
upajihvikA (tonsils) - 2
gojihvikA (tongue) - 1
Cheeks - 2
Ear pinnae - 2
Lower portion of the ear pinnae - 2
Eye orbit - 2
Eye lids - 4
Pupils of the eyes - 2
Eye brows - 2
Thyroid - 1
Soles of hands and feet - 4
TOTAL - 56
Nine major orifices - seven in the head and two below.
This much is visible and can also be demonstrated.
Beyond this they cannot be demonstrated and as such
can only be inferred such as:
snAyu (ligaments) - 900
The body part which is particularly thick, stable, massive,
heavy, coarse and hard; and nails, bones, teeth, muscle
tissue, skin, faeces, hairs, beards, and mustaches, skin
hairs, tendons, etc., along with smell and the olfactory
sense are pArthiva (predominant in pR^ithivI mahAbhUta).
The liquid, mobile, dull, unctuous, soft and slimy; rasa,
blood, muscle - fat, kapha, pitta, urine, sweat, etc., along
with taste and the gustatory sense are Apya (predominant
in Ap mahAbhUta); pitta, heat, lustre along with vision and
the visual sense are Agneya (predominant in agni
mahAbhUta); respiration, twinkling of the eys, contraction
and relaxation, movement, propulsion and retention along
with touch and the tactile sense are vAyavIya
(predominant in vAyu mahAbhUta);Vacant space, big and
small channels, along with sound and the auditory sense
are AntarIxa (predominant in AkAshamahAbhUta).
Whatever impels is the principal one (principle of
consciousness) along with intellect and mind. Thus
the enumeration of the different corporeal body parts is
described. [16]
The body components according to the division into the
smallest units (cells) are innumerable due to multitude,
Thus the body having many parts and enumerated above,
if seen synthetically leads to attachment and viewed
analytically leads to emancipation. The principal one
(consciousness) which is detached, retires after all
existant entities cease to be. [18]
Now the summary verses The wise physician who knows the enumeration of the
body parts does not get confused due to ignorance. One
who is free from ignorance does not become overcome by
the defects caused by it and as such he, devoid of defects
and desires, and who is calm, attains everlasting peace
because he is not reborn. [19 - 20]
Altotus333