Solar System

Unit 8.3

Earth's axis
: Day
# ( ) 42
#
# Day
# Night
*
* Year
&
-1
-4
-3
@ 363 1/2
363
Leap year
* 2
( ) 0 0 1000 4400
200
: Earth's axis
( )
( )
Two equinoxes

* ,

Day and night

The Earth spins on its axis (an
imaginary line joining the north
and south poles) once every24
hours. It is because of the
Earths spin that we experience
day and night. The part of the
Earth receiving light directly
from the Sun is experiencing
day, while the other side, not
receiving direct sunlight,
experiences night.

The year
The time taken by a planet to
orbit (travel around) the Sun is
called a year.
Seasons
As the Earth orbits the Sun, the
tilt causes different parts of the
Earth to experience different
heating effectsin other words,
different seasons.

 Solar System 2

1) Clarify what is meant by the Earths axis.

.)) ( 1

2) State how long it takes the Earth to rotate once on its axis
) 4
........................................................................................................................ .............................
3) State how long it takes the Earth to travel once around the Sun.
) 3
........................................................................................................................... .......................
4 True or false:
a) The year 2000 was a leap year.( )
b) The year 2100 will be a leap year.( )
) 2
) ( 4000 )a
) ( 4100 )b
5) Describe the feature of the Earth that is responsible for the seasons
( 5

.
6) State the angle of the Earths tilt. ....................................... ) 6
7) If the Earths axis was not tilted, explain whether there would be:
a) seasons
b) day and night
. ) 7
....................................................................................................................................... #
.................................................................................................................................. $
8) Identify the location on Earth where day and night are always the same length.

( 8
..
9) Clarify the following terms:
: ) 9
A) Hemisphere .. Hemisphere
b) Line of latitude) ......................................... .....................................................
c) Equinox
....................................................
.
10) If the Earth tilted even more, explain how the seasons would be affected.
................................................................................... . ) 10

 Solar System 3
1) Identify which is longer, day or night, for the area marked A on Earth in Figure 1
)4
1
)3
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$ ................................................. :
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& ........................................................... :
Figure 1

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)7
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........................................................................................... -4
.......................................................................................... -3
) 8 .....................................................................................
) 0 ................................................................................
)10 ..............................................................................
)11 .....................................................................
)14 ...................... .....................................

 Solar System 4
1
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(
-1
-4 (
(
-3
-2 (
-3 (

4
-1 ( )
..........................
-4
...................................................... .......................................................................................
-3

-2

6
........................................................................................................................... 1600 -1
........................................................................................................................... 1086 -4
........................................................................................................................... 4000 -3
............................................................................................................................ 4016 -2

Planets (1
:Planets
0 :

Mars -2 Earth -3 Venus -4 Mercury -1
Interior planets
Uranus -7 Saturn -6 Jupiter -3
Pluto -0 Neptune -8
Outer planets
: Day
: Year

The planets of the solar system,

in order starting from closest to
the Sun, are: Mercury, Venus,
Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune. Pluto.
All the planets have days and
years of different lengths.
The four innermost planets are
called terrestrial (meaning
: Mercury -1
Earth-like) and orbit the Sun
88 : Year 30 : Day
in almost circular orbits. The
Venus -4
other, outer planets move in

443 : Year 423 : Day

elliptical or oval orbits.
Mercury is the smallest planet
- - Earth -3
in the solar system and is the
363 1/2 : Year 42 : Day
closest planet to the Sun,
although
: Mars -2

687
:

Year

1003 : Day
it is not the hottest.
Mercury is in many ways
: Jupiter -3
similar to Earths Moon.
1108 : Year 33 0 : Day
Venus, the hottest planet, is a
similar size to the Earth
Saturn -6
Earth is the third planet from
4003 : Year 30 10 : Day
the Sun, Earth is known as the
Uranus -7
blue or water planet and is the
82 : Year 12 17 : Day
only planet currently known to
support life.
Neptune -8
Mars is the red planet.
163 : Year 7 16 : Day
Jupiter is the largest of the
Pluto -0
planets.
420 : Year 6 : Day
Saturn is the second largest
planet in the solar system.
:

(2 Planets
?1- What is a Planet
1
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?2- How many Planets in the solar system
4
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?3- Name Planets of the solar system
3
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2
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3
-1 ..........................................................................................................................
-4 .................................................................................................... ....................
-3 .................................
-2 ...........................................
-3 ........................
-6 ............................ ............................................
-7 .................................. 16 .......................................
6
-1
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-4
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7
-1 ...................................................................................................................
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-4 ......................................................................................................................
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8

(3 Planets
1
(
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-1
-4
-3
-2
-3
-6
-7
-8
-0
-10 687

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4 :
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3

6
-1 ................... ..........................
..................................
-4 .......................... ..............................
-3 ............................... ........................................

) The Moon ( 1

Phases of the Moon

The Moon takes about a month to orbit

the Earth, and spins at a similar rate,
and therefore we always see the same
face of the Moon. How much of the
Moons face we see depends on where it
is in its orbit around the Earth. We call
these different views phases. There are
eight main phases of the Moon.
The Moon is a celestial body spins
around Earth

@
#

$ 6/1
6/1

Phases of moon
% 82 ( )
#
#
& :

#
New moon ( )

Waxing Crescent :
:First Quarter ( ) 7
Gibbous :
:Full moon ( ) 11
Gibbous :
:Third Quarter ( ) 81
Waning Crescent :

The Moon ( 2
1
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8
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6
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7 77
...
2 127

9
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17

11
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The Moon ( 3
1
-1 ( ).................................
-8 ( )...............................
8 ( ) ( )
()

()

Gibbous -1

Full moon -3

Waning Crescent -1

New moon -8

First Quarter-5
Waxing Crescent-6
Third Quarter-7

3
-1

-8

-3

11

 1- Space
#
$
-1 : Terrestrial observatories (
)
( )
: : ---------- :
-4 Space observatories

: 1000
-3 Telescope
Types of telescopes
-1 :
- :
-4 :
-2 Satellites
-1 -4 Nile sat Arab sat
-3 : Space rockets

-1 :

-4

( )

11

 4 -Space
1
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4
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3
- .................................................................................. ......................................... :
- ......................................................................................................................... :
- ................................................................................................................. ............... :
2
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6
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7
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8
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12

 3- Space
1
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-1 (
)
-4 (
-3 (
-2 (
-3 (
)
-6 (

)
)
)

4
-1
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-4
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-3
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-2
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3
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2 ( ) A ( ) B
B
A
) ( -1 Space observatories
(Space rockets

)
)

-4

( -3 Telescope

( -4 Terrestrial observatories
)

( Satellites

-3

13

 Hydrosphere


Atmosphere
( )



Lithosphere

- ( Slabs of Rocks )

Weathering and Erosion

:
:
:

14

 Water Cycle
Water Cycle

-1 ...........................................
-4 ................................................................
-3 .....................................
-2 .....................................
-3 ( )
-6 .................................... ..................................
.
-7 ....................................
-8
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-0
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Solar System

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