.. .. ..

.. ) (Anthropometry
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) (engineering) (anatomy ).(physiology
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-

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) (fluid biomechanics .. .

) ) .. (muscle) ( (ligaments
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) (prosthesis). (orthosis

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). (gait analysis

). (ergonomics

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).(force platform

).(markers

).(EMG

).(calibration apparatus

)-: (software

. - ).(gait parameters


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-1 ) :(stride length 1.5 .. ) (.

-2 .. (heel contact angle):

.. ) (foot drop
) (anterior tibial ) ) (talipes eqiuno
) .( (calf spasticity

-3 ). (terminal toe angle

-4

).. (contact knee angle

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.

) (hamstring contracture .
-5 ) (knee flexion ) (swing phase
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-6 ).(terminal hip extension

-7 ).(spine flexion

 -8 ).(gait velocity
-9 ). (cadence
-10 ).(step width

-: ...
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) ()upper motor
.. (neuron lesion
-

... ) .. (hemiplegia ). (diaplegia

) (cerebellum ). (ataxia

).... (peripheral neuropathy

... ) ..... (spina bifida )

.(femoral nerve injury
-

). (sensory neuropathy

). (cortical lesion

) ...(musculoskeletal disorders
) ... (tibial torsion )congenital hip
. (dislocation

).(amputee
-:

... ) .. (toes flexion ) .. (flat foot ). (toe in gait

-

.. ) .. (varus,valgus ). (foot drop

.. ). (tibial torsion

 .. ) .. (stiff knee ). (genu recurvarum

-

.. ). (femoral anteversion

.. ) .. (hip flexion )trendlenburg. (sign

-

.. ). (anterior, posterior pelvic tilting

.. ) .. (kyphosis ). (scoliosis

.. ). (swing abnormalities
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) )(sprain, strain (.

). (fractures

.
.

) (

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). (posture

).(anthropometry

). (physical demand

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-

). (energy expenditure

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). (mathematics

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.. ) (.

) (EMG ).(goniometer

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