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– I ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء :
1 1 ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ:
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻞ ) ………. ﻗﻄﻦ – ﺧﺸﺐ – ﻣﻄﺎﻁ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ – ﺑﺘﺮﻭﻝ ( . . . ﺃﻭ…..…..…..…..
) ﺍﻟﺼ ﻮﻑ – ﺍﻟﺠﻠ ﺪ – ﺍﻟﻌ ﺎﺝ – ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻳ ﺮ ( . . . . ﺣﻴ ﺚ ﺗﺘﻜ ﻮﻥ ﺟﺰﻳﺌﺎﺗﻬ ﺎ ﻣ ﻦ ﺩﺭﺍﺕ ……….. ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ...... ….. ﻭ ﺃﻧ ﻮﺍﻉ ﺃﺧ ﺮﻯ ﻣ ﻦ
ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻷﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ O ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻮﺭ Cl ﻭ ﺍﻻﺯﻭﺕ N ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺏ…..….. . …..
1 2 ﺍﺣﺘﺮ ﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء:
ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻧﻼﺣﻆ:
§ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ …..… . ….. ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﻀﻲء.
§ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ …..….. . ….. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ.
§ ﺍﻧﺒﻌﺎﺙ. …..….. . …..
….. . ….. § ﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ.
ﺍﻻﺣﺘ ﺮﺍﻕ ﻏﻴ ﺮ ………. ﻟﻠ ﻮﺭﻕ ﻓ ﻲ ﺍﻟﻬ ﻮﺍء ﻳﻜ ﻮﻥ ﻣﺼ ﺤﻮﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺘﺸ ﺎﺭ …. . ….. ﻭﻳﻨ ﺘﺞ ﻋﻨ ﻪ……………
ﻭ …………. ﻭ …………. ﻭﻧﻮﺍﺗﺞ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺎﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ …………. ﻭ. …………
ﻭﻧﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ:
ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ:
ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻕ ﻏﺎﺯ ……………………… ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ........ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺳﺎﻡ , ﻋﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ.
ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ) ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﺩ ( ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ................
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Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :
1 3 ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء:
ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ:
v ﺗﺼﺎﻋﺪ. ............................
v ﺗﺴﺎﻗﻂ ...................... ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ.
v ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ........................... ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ.
.................. v ﻣﺎء ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ.
ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ .................. : ﻭ ........................... ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻣﻤﺎ
ﻳ ﺪﻝ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺰﻳﺌ ﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳ ﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺘ ﻮﻱ ﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ........................................... ﻭﻋﻠ ﻰ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﺧ ﺮﻯ ﻣﺜ ﻞ
ﺍﻷﺯﻭﺕ N ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻠﻮﺭ Cl ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺮﻳﺖ S ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺿﻌﻴﻔﺔ.
II ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﺃﺧﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ :
ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﺧﻄﺮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ .............................. ﻭ .............. ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ:
ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ
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Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ:
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ g 12 ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻨﺎ g 44 ﻣﻦ ﻏﺎﺯ ﻳﻌﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮ.
ﺍﻋﻂ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ. . 1
ﺍﻋﻂ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ. . 2
ﺍﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ. . 3
ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻗﺔ ﻫﻲkg 1 . 4
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ2
ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ % 80 ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ % 2 ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺃﻣﻼﺡ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ % 15 ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء.
ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ % 50 ﻣﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ ﻭ % 43 ﻣﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻛﺴﺠﻴﻦ ﻭ % 6 ﻣﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﻴﻦ ﻭ % 1 ﻣﻦ
ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺯﻭﺕ.
ﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺭﻣﺎﺩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ. . 1
ﺃﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ kg 1 ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ. . 2
ﺍﻋﻂ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟ ﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ. . 3
ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺴﺨﻴﻦ kg 1 ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﺼﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻗﻬﺎ. . 4
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Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :