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Les solutions acides et les solutions basiques
– II ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ CLASSIFICATION DES SOLUTIONS AQUEUSES :
2 1 ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟ ﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ
ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺭﻕ PH
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Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :
ﺗﺼﻨﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺻﻨﺎﻑ:
v ﻣﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﻤﻀﻴﺔ Solutions acides ﻟﻬﺎ ......... PH ﻣﻦ. 7
v ﻣﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻳﺪﺓ Solutions neutres ﻟﻬﺎ ............. PH ﻣﻦ. 7
v ﻣﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ Solutions basiques ﻟﻬﺎ ........ PH ﻣﻦ. 7
___________________________________________________________________________________
Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :
v ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺣﻤﻀﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﻴﻦ H + ﺣﻴﺚ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﻴﻦ ....... H +
. n( H + ) ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﻳﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ ....... n( OH ) : OH
v ﻳﺆﺩﻱ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻀﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻟﻤﺎء ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺺ ﺇﻟﻰ ........... ﻗﻴﻤﺔ PH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ.
v ﺗﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ PH ﻣﻊ .................. ﺣﻤﻮﺿﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ.
2 2 3 ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ :
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ :
-1ﺻﻨﻒ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ. PH
2 ﺣﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﻤﻮﺿﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ.
III ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ:
___________________________________________________________________________________
Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ:
ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ PH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍ ﻟ ﺤﻤﻀﻲ ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﺩ 1 ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺨﻔﻔﻪ ﺏ 10 ﻣﺮﺍﺕ.
1 ـ ﺃﺣﺴﺐ pH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ 90mL ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺇﻟﻰ 10mL ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻀﻲ ﺫﻭ. pH=2
2 ـ ﺃﺣﺴﺐ pH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍ ﻟﻤﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ 990mL ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﺇﻟﻰ 10mL ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺣﻤﻀﻲ ﻟﻪ. pH=4
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ2
ﻗﻴﺎﺱ pH ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻝ ﺣﻤﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻮﺭﻳﺪﺭﻳﻚ ﻫﻮ . 1 ,8 ﻭ ﻗﻴﺎﺱ pH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻱ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺩﻳﻮﻡ ـ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺩﺍـ ﻫﻮ. 11
. 1 ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺘﻄﻮﺭ pH ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﻀﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء؟
. 2 ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻧﺴﻤﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ؟
. 3 ﻛﻴ ﻒ ﻳﺘﻄﻮﺭ pH ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺩﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺎء؟
. 4 ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻀﻴﻒ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺴﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺩﻳﻮﻡ ﻟﺘﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ pH ﻫــــــــــﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮﻝ.
___________________________________________________________________________________
Cours de BELHAJ Abderrahim site web http://physic9.free.fr http://formation.salifa.com
http://collab.tice.ma MSN : belhaj2007@hotmail.fr email : abbelhaj@gmail.com
ﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺪﻯFoum : http://pc1.on.fr :