Boala vasculara cerebrala

Sistemul arterial cerebral

INCIDENTA: toate tipurile de AVC

Incidenta primului AVC, orice tip, pe grupe de varsta si sex, in Europa
45 40 35 30

in rates per 1000

25 20 15 10 5 0 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90+

Age ranges Males Females

6 statistici, ambulatori si institutionalizati Incidenta medie 65 - 84: Incidenta medie 75 + : 8.72 / 1 000 ambe sexe 17.31 / 1 000 ambe sexe

Subtipuri de AVC (CT, RMN)

AVC
15% 85%

Hemoragic

. Intraparenchimatos . Subarahnoidian

Ischemic
20% 25% 20% 30% 5%

Boala aterosclerotica vas mare

Artere penetrante ( Lacunar )

. . . .

Embolie cardiogena
FIA Valvulopatii Trombi intraventriculari Altele

AVC criptogenic
. . . . . .

Cauze rare
Stari protrombotice Disectii arteriale Arterite Migrena/Vasospasm Abuz droguri Altele

Ischemia cerebrala
Accident vascular cerebral constituit - durata peste 3 ore
- leziune teritoriu arterial superficial / profund - invaliditate / deces

Accident vascular cerebral tranzitor

- durata sub 3 ore - leziune nedecelabila imagistic (+/-) - recuperare integrala

Diagnostic clinic
Debut brusc Deficit neurologic focal: motor, senzitiv, vizual, limbaj cefalee salt tensional asociat

Diagnostic paraclinic
CT / IRM examen ultrasonografic vascular / cardiac profil lipidic profil biologic teste hematologice

Profilaxia primara
Tratamentul factorilor de risc: HTA dislipidemie diabet boli cardiace

fumat, alcool, droguri

Tratamentul fazei acute

Recanalizare: tromboliza - r-TPA
antiedematos simptomatic profilaxia complicatiilor

Profilaxia secundara
Medical:
antitrombotic: aspirina, clopidogrel, dipiridamol, anticoagulant tratamentul factorilor de risc

Chirurgical:
endarterectomie stent