1. What is birth control? 2.

Give an example of a (a) natural (b) mechanical (c) chemical and (d) surgical method of contraception. 3. Give one cause of male infertility and state a corrective measure. 4. Give one cause of female infertility and state a corrective measure. 5. How long can sperm survive in the female reproductive system? 6. How long does an egg survive after ovulation? 7. Explain the term fertilisation. 8. Where in the female reproductive system does fertilisation occur? 9. Explain the term implantation. Where does implantation occur in the female reproductive system? 10. What is the placenta? 11. What are the functions of the placenta? 12. Describe how the placenta is formed. 13. Define the term in-vitro fertilisation. 14. Describe the different stages in birth. In your answer, explain how hormones are involved in the control of birth. 15. What is lactation? Which hormones are associated with lactation? 16. Outline the biological benefits of breastfeeding. Higher Level: 1. Describe the development of the fertilised egg. In your answer refer to each of the following; morula, blastocyst and implanted blastocyst. 2. What is the amnion? 3. Define the term germ layers. 4. What are the (a) ectoderm (b) mesoderm (c) endoderm. 5. List the basic organ systems that arise from each of the primary germ layers (a) ectoderm (b) mesoderm (c) endoderm. 6. Describe the level of formation of the embryo up to the third month. 7. Describe in detail each stage of the menstrual cycle. In your answer refer to the involvement of each of the following hormones; FSH, LH, oestrogen, and progesterone. 8. Describe the menstrual disorder Endometriosis under the following headings; (a) possible cause (b) prevention (c) treatment.