ƒ ƃŔű

Ɛŧűŕ Œ ƃŗŒƒƄ
Ƃ ƒ ŊŗŶƆŞ
űƍŪ œ

Metabolic Diseases:
Post part. Hypo-phosphatemia
Post-parturient Hemoglobinuria,

by
Dr. Ali H. Sadiek
Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine
and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University
E-mail: Sadiek59@yahoo.com
 Post part. Hypo-phosphatemia
Post-parturient Hemoglobinuria,
Puerperal Hemoglobinburia
• Affect high lact. cows 2-6 weeks after part.
• May affect buff. cows before or after part.
• It is widely distributed in Egypt esp. in winter.
• Charct. clinically by hemolysis of RBCs,
Hemoglobonuria, anemia and loss of condition.
 Causes:
• Not really understood, but severe
drop in serum P levels a result of
its secretion in milk and intensive
milk production may predispose to
the condition.
• Heavy feeding on hemolytic or
oxidative plant toxins (e.g Brassica
spp , sugar beets, or green forage)
and plants low in P (cruciferous
plants & Barseem) may predispose
to the case.
 Phosphorus is essential for:
1- Intracellular functions e.g:
• Glycolysis,
• Oxygen transport,
• Muscle contraction.
• Protection of cell memb. from oxidative
damage.
2-It is an important component of:
Bones, milk, and ruminant saliva.
3- P deficiency is usually primary and
results in organ and system dysfunction
and finally progressive demineralization
of bone.
 Suggested Pathogenesis of PPHburia
Heavy -1 Oxidative plant -2 3- Cruciferous plant
lactation (toxins (brassica, Sugar beets (Low P & saponin)

Cu , Se deficiency-4
Hypophosphatemia

Increases osmotic Oxidative injury Cold rainy weather

fragility of RBCs of RBCs

Hemolysis of RBCs

Hemoglobinuria Dehydration &

Jaundice Anemia
Red urine & Recumbency

Anemic anoxia Death

 :Clinical signs
• Inappetance
• Severe decrease in the milk yield.
• Hemoglobinurea in the next day.
• Affected cows may have fever, diarrhea, and
tachypnea
• Signs of anemia:
 Pale Mucous membranes, icterus later on.
 Cardiac impulse is seriously augmented.
8. Recumbency: Acute cases stays for 3-4 days then,
the cow becomes severely dehydrated, weak,
9. Cows may die later on from anemic anoxia.
10.Non-fatal cases, recovery occurs after 3 weeks with
case fatality rate of (10-30%).
 Post-Parturient haemoglobinurea

Hemoglobinurea

Passage of red colored urine

Red colored bloody urine

Urine strip Dipstick is positive for Hb

 Diagnosis
 Case history: Time of calving and time of
occurrence and plan of nutrition.
 Clinical signs:
- Sudden appearance of heamoglobinurea
4 weeks after calving,
- Normal to moderately rise body
temperature.
 Laboratory:
- Serum P < 4 mg/dl.,
- Low RBCs, Hb, PCV.
- Excess urine Urobilinogin
Hematuria* Hemoglobinuria†
Urolithiasis Postparturient
hemoglobinuria

Cystitis Leptospirosis
Acute pyelonephritis Water or salt poisoning

Enzootic hematuria Brassica or onion

intoxication

Oxalate poisoning Chronic copper intoxication

(ethylene glycol)
Babesiosis, Theileriosis
Bacillary hemoglobinuria
 Treatment
• I.V. injection of 60 gm Na hypophosphate in 300
ml DW, repeated s.c. for next 3 days
• Tonophosphan 50 ml, I/M Twice/24 hr
• Copper glycinate (120 mg copper) may halt
hemolysis.
• Bone meal should be added to the ration of
cows.
• Blood transfusion should be attempted in severe
anemia (PCV < 16 %) 4- 10 liter/cow
• Control:
1. Pay attention to phosphorus content of the
ration at beginning of lactation.
2. Phosphorus supplement or bone meal could
be added.