CharismaVictoriaD.

Cayapan BasicsonGeomaticsandSatelliteOrbits
FinalExam 17December2010

A. ReferenceSystemsinthePhilippines B. ThePhilippineTriangulationNetwork PTN C. FromPTNtothePhilippineReferenceSystemof1992 PRS92 A. B. C. D. TypesofGeodeticDatums WGS84andPRS92DatumDifferences TransformationTechniques TheBursaWolfeSevenParameterTransformation

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Location:SoutheastAsia 7,107islands GeographicalExtents:

Latitude:415 N 2125 N Longitude:11215E 127 E

Totallandarea:300,000km2

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LuzonDatum
LuzonDatumof1911 TriangulationNetworkofthePhilippines

PhilippineReferenceSystemof1992
ModifiedLuzonDatum PRS92GeodeticControlNetwork

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LuzonDatumof1911 Referenceellipsoid:
ClarkeSpheroidof1866 Semimajoraxis,a 6,378,206.4 Semiminoraxis,b 6,356,583.8 Flattening,f 1/294.98 DatumOrigin: FortBalanacan,MarinduqueIsland Latitude:133341 N Longitude:1215203 E Referencedirection fromsouth : TostationBaltasaris:0 009 12 37.000 Geoidspheroidseparation 0
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Philippine Triangulation Network Established by theUSCoast andGeodetic Survey from 19011942 Networkconsisted of narrow chains of quadrilaterals located mostly along the coastlines

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Modified LuzonDatum
Retained original coordinates andorientation of origin GeoidSpheroid separation 0.34m PRS92geodetic control networkestablished using GPStechnology Transformation parameters relating theGPS datum to thelocal horizontal geodetic system

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based onlocation/orientation of origin

Regional/Local Geodetic Datum
Reference ellipsoid fits thesurface of the Earth onacertain region orlocality Origin of thecoordinatesystemis the tangent point of thereference ellipsoid andgeoid Reference ellipsoid fits theshape of the Earth globally Origin of thecoordinatesystemcoincide with thecenterof massof theEarth

GlobalGeocentric Geodetic Datum

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WorldGeodeticSystemof1984 WGS84 Globalgeocentricgeodeticdatum ReferenceEllipsoid: WGS84Ellipsoid

Semimajoraxis,a 6,378,137 Semiminoraxis,b 6,356,752.3142 Flattening,f 1/298.257223563

PhilippineReferenceSystemof1992 PRS92 Localgeodeticdatum ReferenceEllipsoid: ClarkeSpheroidof1866

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1.SevenParameter BursaWolfe Transformation Assumeslineardistortionwithinthenetwork Uses7parameters translation,rotation,scale Needsatleast3pointswithcoordinatesinbothdatumsanddoingleastsquares fit. 2.MolodenskyTransformation Uses5parameters 3fordatumshiftsand2fordifferencesinsemimajoraxes andflattening Assumesinternallyconsistentnetwork Limitedaccuracy .MultipleRegressionEquation MRE Transformation Betterfitformodellingnonlineardistortion createssurfaceofdistortion Appropriatefortransformingcontinentalsizelandareas Nottobeextrapolatedoutsideofareaofintendeduse largedistortionover shortdistances Requiresmanypointsandverycomplextoderive
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Transformationinvolvingthree translations X0,Y0,andZ0 ,three rotations Rx,Ry,andRz andscale . The3Drotationmatrixdescribesthe rotationofthecoordinatesystemin ordertobecomeparalleltoanother coordinatesystem

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Dependson:
Numberofcommonpointsusedtoderivethe parameters redundancyfor adjustment/refinement Geometricdistributionofthecommonpoints welldistributedoverthewholecoverage area Consistencyofthenetwork distortionwithin thenetwork

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Parameters TranslationX X TranslationY Y TranslationZ Z RotationX Rx RotationY Ry RotationZ Rz Scale Sc

WGS84toPRS92 127.62195 67.24478 47.04305 3.067062 4.90291 1.57790 1.06002

PRS92toWGS84 127.62195 67.24478 47.04305 3.067062 4.90291 1.57790 1.06002

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 Increasingtrendistoshiftfromalocal/regionalgeodetic datumtoageocentricgeodeticdatum orrelatetoone . Datumtransformationdefinestherelationshipbetweenthe twodatums. Transformationparametersfacilitatethedataintegration fromonedatumtoanother.

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 AssessmentofthePRS92GeodeticControlNetworkandDevelopment of

RecommendedGuidelinesforPrimaryGeodeticControl,TidalandGeopotential Surveys FinalReport.ResearchandDevelopmentinSupportoftheImplementation

ofthePhilippineReferenceSystemof1992.TrainingCenterfor AppliedGeodesyand Photogrammetry.UniversityofthePhilippines,2009. ThePhilippineGeodeticNetwork.NationalMappingandResourceInformation Authority,1992. WorldGeodeticSystemof1984 ItsDefinitionandRelationshipswithLocalGeodetic Systems.NationalImageryandMappingAgencyTechnicalReport TR8350.2 , Third Edition,Amendment1,9January2000.

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