You are on page 1of 145

...

...

...
....................................


................


........................

16


.................

20


..........................

25


.......................

37


......................

47


.........................

54


................................

63


..................................

69


...............................

75


..................................

84

...............................

93


...................

95


...........................

108


.......

122

..................................

139

" "

" "
. " " " "

" "

1913

.
.

.
.

.
..

1917


.

!

!! .

"

"

"
" .


.
.

7 02

..
.

" "
.

.
.

"
"
.

:
.

1938 .

1956

.

.



!!





" "

" "

"


"
"

"

" " .

...

" . *

10

. ...



" .


" "

11

.
-:
1922



1924

1924 1927
.

1941
.1953

12

1922
1953


1956

" " .


.
1925 1928

(

1952
1961


.
13



1917

1912


.
1917



. 1917

14

240,000
.

1917

10
1917

15

.
" "

.
.



16

" "

" " .

1919 1946

17

.1949

1929 1952
.

1917

"
"
.

1945

18


" "

1918 1924

.

" "

19


. .

..

1913

. ,

.
19141917

1917
.

20

1912

.

1921

" "
.

" ..

21

" . 1922

.

.
1927
1913

.

. 1928 1938

. 1933

1929
"

1936

"


1921


.1941

22



!!!

23


. 1945

1941
.

" "

12,5
.

24



.

)
(
. .

1917

1956

25

" "
" "

. .


26

.

.

.1925

1921
.
" "

. 1925

27

" "



" " . 25
28

. 1928

. 1929

( .

)

(

.

1917

1926 .1931

28

(

)

(
.

" ..

" .
1932
. 1936


) (1934

) (1935

)
.(1936

1937

29


)

(

" ..

" .
"
" "

" 1936 .1938

1959

.

" " .
.

" "

1957
.1959


" "

30



.

.

.
!

.

. 1924

.
1927

31

.
1941

.1942

.
1952

.
.

32



1931

" ..
) (

%90



" .

..



" ..

"


.1936

.

33

1929
.1941

1953


" " "
. "


"

34


"

"


"






.
" "


1922


1917



1922

35

!

!

"..


" .

36

.

.
" "
"
"

37



.1937

.

)

(


)

(

.
.


.

.

" ..


"

38


!!
!!

39


.


..

" "

!!

"
" .

40






1961

41

.

.


.

"

"

.

.

!!

42

.

!

1898 "

"

1938

43


"

"

"

"

1901


"

"

.

"
" .1918

1921

" " "


"

1922

44



"

"

"
"
"

"
.

. "
"
.



1903


.


1928


1936

45


1937



1922
1953


1936
1938


1938


.1939

46


" .. " .

47


1931

".

" ..


"

"

.


.

1953

48


)

(


.
"
"
" "


" ..

" .


1953

"

"

.
.
49

" " " "

"

" .

50


1959

.

.


)

( .

"
"


..
51

"

" ,

" .


" ..


" ..

. " ..

.

1956 "

"


..


)
(
52


1945

" ..



"

" ..

" .

53




..

.


"

"


..

.
"

"

.
" "

" "
.

.

54

" " .

)!!( .

" .. " .

)
(

55



1929

"
"


660


.

200


1921

56

1917 1921 1941 1945

57

1922 1953

.

.

"

"

.

.


"


"

, .
"
" "

"


.

1925

"
"
.
58

.

.

59


.

.


"
"
.

60

.

!!

61



)
(2

62

" .. "


" ..
" .

1953

".. " .

63


1879


1897
1898


.

1901


"

"

.


.
64



1894

1922



1897


"

"
.

1905

1917

1917

65


1928

.

66



"

" " ..

" .


" ..

" .


1941


! " .


" ..

! !


" "
.

67


"

. "


" ..

" .

..


1945


" ..
!

.
68

"

"

69

70

" ..


"
.

!!


" ..


" .

71


" ..

"

.

.
1957
1958

" ..

.
"

72

.

1945

" ..


" .
" ..

" .


"

"

" ..

".


" .. "

"
..

!! " .


" "

73

.

..

"

"


1944




1945

1945


/

.

74

.

.


".. "

75



1917
1921

.

.

.

1938


.

.


1928
1933


1933


1935

76

.


.

.



1938


.

1939

77


22


1941

.

.


.1941


1944

1945

/
.

78


. 1945


6
9

1945

5
1946

1945

79



4 .1949

1950

80

.

1938


"

"


"

" "


"

" "

"

"

81


.

.


) (60

.

82

" ..


" " ..
" .



. "

)

( " .



1991

. "

"

. "
"

"
"

.


" ..

! "
.

83


1917
1921


.

.

.

84


1873



"

! "

" ! " .


1901

" "

85

.

1904

"


"

.

1903

1921

"

"
1912


)
120
(


1917



1982

1922


)

(


.
.
86

.

.


1905

1906 1907



1917 1921


.

.


.1924


"

"

)
116
(

87

"

" "

"

"

" 1924


1913
.

88

" ..

"

""

1924


1929

.

89

.

.


1937


1932
.1937


1937

" "


" " .


"

"

1938

90


1938



.1950

.
"

" )55

(

1950


1939


.1952

91





.

"

"

)100


1952

.

" ... " .


..
.

92

93



1922

1953


.


1941 .


1934

1940

1949



1948
1953



1952





)!(

25
__________________________________________________

94

.
"

"

..


1906

1909
. 1912
"
"

.

1915

.

1921


. 1926

)

(

1929


)

( 1941

1929
1931

1928 1941

95



1939



1941

1936
1938



1940

.1941 1949


.

.


.1953

96

.

..


1992

.


"

"

97


1957


..

.1924

"

" ...


1952

!!

!!

98

1917

" ..

"
.

1932

1953

.

1954

.

.

99

.

.

(

)

""



""

!!
!!



"

"


"
"

.

100


)

(


!!



1929

1941

1949

.

1940

101




1941



1952


1953

102

.

1939

1952

.

.

.1945

103

. "
"


1956


.1957

104

"
!
"



1917

.1941
"
"


1954


!!

!!

105

"

"



"

"


1957

.

" "

106



1957

.1964


"

"

.

1991


.

.

1937

.

)

(

.

107

1929
1941


1919


.

" " .

25
28

1913

.

1928

.
1929
1931

108


.
1929 1933

1929

.

1921-1917

.


1919

.

1933

109


.1933

.


1933


.1919


1938

"
"

.



1938

110

.

1933


1939

.

1939

111



22

1941

..

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5



.


..

112



1938

.




...

..
.

113

.
.
.


1939

.


.

.1942


)

(

114


1941

) (180

) (3,5

) (20

) (3000

) (2500

) (7000

115



-

.

.

12

1941

)(170


1919


.

22

1941

.
116

!!

. 22 30

1941

...

.1
.

.2
22 30
.

.3

.4


.
.

.5
.

117


.6

.7

.

22

" ... " .



.
.

118

.


25

" ..

6
1941

119

"

.


.

120



1938


.
"
"

1952


1937


1937

121


.

..


1952


.

.

.

.

122

.

1938


1939

.1941


1925



1937

.1938

123

.
1941
1945

.

.1

.2

.3

.4

.5

.6

124


.7

.

45

38

.

125

1945



20


12

1945

.

.

126

.
4 1947

1949

1953 1954


1957

1958

127

(!


1954

1991

1945

128

1951-1946

1952

.


)!!(

1938
.1952

129

1938
1945
1945
.1952


"

"

.1952

) (17

" ..

..

"
.


)
(26 . ..
130

"

. "
.

.

!

" "

131

.

.

.
.


" ..


"
.

132


.

.1936

.

.

.


!

1936


.
" ..

" .

133

.

)


"

"

" ..

" "

134

"

1951
"



"



.

)!!(

135


. "..

" .


..


1951

136

" ..

"




.
.


"

"

1929

1952


"

"

1929

.


1931

.1932

1952


.1991

137



" "

1952

!

"

"
.

138




)

(

"


"

1988


.

1998



1903

1921

--
1928


1938-1936

1957

. 1964

139

)

(

140



1921

.


.

1917

.


. .
.

.

1952



.1957

..

141


..

.


.

.


1952 1957

)

142



.. .

143

.

1928

-

1938-1936

.



1938


1952


1922

1938

1941

.

144

You might also like