Special Cement

Cementing Technology Manual
Section 3 Special Cements
Section 3
Special Cements
Contents
Delayed-Set Cementing .................................................................................................................. 3-3 Delayed-Set Cements ..................................................................................................................... 3-4 EPSEAL Sealant .......................................................................................................................... 3-8 Cal-Seal ........................................................................................................................................ 3-10 Cal-Seal and Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Blends .................................................................... 3-11 Cal-Seal .................................................................................................................................. 3-11 Field Control ............................................................................................................................ 3-11 Factors Affecting the Setting Time ......................................................................................... 3-11 Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Mixtures ....................................................................................... 3-12 Cal-Seal Cement Mixtures with Sodium Chloride Accelerator ............................................... 3-12 Hydromite ...................................................................................................................................... 3-19 Field Procedures for Hydromite .............................................................................................. 3-20 Physical Properties ........................................................................................................... 3-20 Setting Time ...................................................................................................................... 3-20 Mixing ................................................................................................................................ 3-20 Placing in Well .................................................................................................................. 3-21 The Use of Hydromite in Deep Wells ............................................................................... 3-21 PERMAFROST Cement ............................................................................................................. 3-24 Halliburton Light Cement (HLC).................................................................................................... 3-28 High Temperature Low Density Cement (HTLD) ......................................................................... 3-36 Matrix Cement............................................................................................................................... 3-39 Micro Matrix Cement ..................................................................................................................... 3-43 Refractory Cements ...................................................................................................................... 3-49 Silicalite ......................................................................................................................................... 3-50 Silicalite Physical Properties ................................................................................................... 3-51 Silicalite Blend ................................................................................................................... 3-51 Compacted Silicalite .......................................................................................................... 3-51 Liquid Silicalite .................................................................................................................. 3-51 THIX-SET A .................................................................................................................................. 3-58 THIX-SET 31A .............................................................................................................................. 3-63 THIX-SET 31B .............................................................................................................................. 3-64 THIXOMIX Cement ....................................................................................................................... 3-66 MY-T-LITE 1200 ........................................................................................................................... 3-71
January 1996
3-1
Cementing Technology Manual Notes:
3-2
January 1996
Section 3
Special Cements
Delayed-Set Cementing
Delayed-set cementing is a technique used to obtain a better primary cementing job in tubingless completion and liner cementing applications. This system was initially designed to cement tubingless completions. The slurry was pumped down one string of tubing always in plug flow then additional tubing strings (bullnose) were lowered into the slurry. This eliminated, to a great extent, the problem of removing drilling mud from the area within the confines of multiple strings of tubing. Later, the technique was successfully adapted to liner cementing operations where the annulus was not sufficient to allow pipe centralization. Delayed-set cementing involves placing a retarded cement slurry containing a filtration-control (fluidloss) additive in a wellbore before running the tubing or liner. The cement is placed by pumping it down the drillpipe and up the annulus. The drillpipe is then removed from the well, and the liner (sealed at the bottom) is lowered into the unset cement slurry. After the cement slurry sets, the well can be completed using conventional methods. An advantage to using this delayed-setting system is that when the tubing strings or liner are lowered into the slurry, there is a tendency for the cement and any bypassed drilling fluid to mix or commingle. This could decrease the compressive strength, but this is better than leaving a channel or mud pocket in the annulus. A disadvantage of the method is that the cement slurry requires a somewhat longer waiting-oncement time than conventional slurries. This could be expensive if a drilling rig is kept on location while the cement sets and gains strength. If the drilling rig can be moved off location and a workover rig used to complete the well, the cost can be reduced. Delayed-set cementing slurries are designed for bottomhole static temperatures from 100F to 230F (38C to 110C) and possibly higher with the proper retarders. They usually contain 6 or 8% bentonite, by adding SSA-1 or SSA-2 and HALAD-9 or CFR dispersant to control filtration, enough retarder to delay setting for 18 to 36 hours. It is best to keep the fluid loss as low as possible, or filter cake can build up and obstruct the proper placement of the pipe. Although delayed-set slurries can be designed for many well conditions, each situation should be handled individually. Tests should be conducted on the specific materials used on each well.
January 1996
3-3
Delayed-Set Cements
Description and Primary Function: Delayed-set systems are usually composed of Portland cement, bentonite, HALAD-9, CFR-2 and HR retarders. They are designed to be placed in wellbore through tubing and then casing tubingless completion strings or liners, then lowered into unset cement. Normal fluid time is 8 to 24 hours, however, longer fluid times can be obtained through testing. The system is used in tight annular clearance areas or where a uniform cement sheath is required. Secondary Effects: The slurry is severely overretarded. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting cements into eyes and inhaling the dust. Flush exposed area with large amounts of water. Properties: Additive: blend of cement and additives Form: powder Color: gray Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 80F to 230F (27C to 110C) Concentration: Normally cement or POZMIX A cement with 6 to 8% bentonite, HALAD-9, CFR-2 retarder. Usage Restrictions: Each application should be tested with materials used on the job, and every job should be treated separately. Special Information: Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases viscosity, density, and strength increases thickening time and the amount of water needed for mixing
3-4
January 1996
Table 3-1: Slurry Properties of Delayed-Set Cements

% Additive Cement All Classes All Classes POZMIX A Cement POZMIX A Cement
Water gal/sk (L/sk) 10.40 (39.37) 9.09 (34.41) 7.66 (29.00) 6.62 (25.06) (ft /sk) 1.39 1.22 1.02 0.89
3
Slurry Weight lb/gal (kg/L) 13.10 (1.57) 13.60 (1.63) 13.30 (1.60) 13.80 (1.66) lb/cu ft 3 (kg/m ) 98 (1,570) 102 (1,634) 99 (1,586) 103 (1,650)
Slurry Volume ft /sk (L/sk) 1.92 (54.0) 1.74 (49.0) 1.53 (43.0) 1.40 (40.0)
3
Bentonite % HALAD-9 8 8 6 6 1.0 1.0 -
CFR-2 1.25 1.25
January 1996
3-5
Table 3-2: Estimated Amount of HR -7 Retarder Required for Specified Fluid Time
% HR-7 to Achieve a Minimum Fluidity HALAD-9 % CFR-2 % Temperature F C 12 hr 18 hr Time of 24 hr 30 hr
Cement with 8% bentonite Slurry Weight: 13.10 lb/gal; 1.57 kg/L 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 125 140 170 200 230 43 52 60 77 93 110 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.80 1.25 1.25
Cement with 8% bentonite Slurry Weight: 13.60 lb/gal; 1.63 kg/L 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 110 125 140 170 200 230 43 52 60 77 93 110 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 1.25 1.25
Cement with 6% bentonite Slurry Weight: 13.80 lb/gal; 1.65 kg/L 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 110 125 140 170 200 230 43 52 60 77 93 110 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8
Cement with 6% bentonite Slurry Weight: 13.80 lb/gal; 1.65 kg/L 0 0 0 0 0 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 110 125 140 170 200 43 52 60 77 93 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6
3-6
January 1996

Table 3-3: Compressive Strength of Cement with Optimum Amount of HR -7 Retarder
Cement with 8% bentonite Slurry Weight: 13.1 lb/gal (1.57 kg/L) API Fluid-Loss Test Screen: 325 mesh Pressure: 1,000 psi (0.69 mPa) Temeperature: 80F (26.7C)
Compressive Strength after Curing for 3 Days HALAD -9 % 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
HR-7 % 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25
Fluid Loss cc/30 min 92 92 N.S. N.S.
110F (43C) psi 1,090 1,030 215

a
125F (52C) psi 1,030 935 420

a
140F (60C) psi N.S. 860 525

a
mPa 7.52 7.10 1.48

a
mPa 7.10 6.45 2.90

a
mPa N.S. 5.93 3.62

b a
1,155
7.96
170F (77C) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25 N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. 1,220 1,350 1,065 N.S. 8.41 9.31 7.34 N.S.
200F (93C)
230F (110C)
1,325 1.220 1,125
9.14 8.41 7.76
1,410 1,415 1,255
9.72 9.76 8.65
N.S. Not Set

a
Not set after 4 days Strength after 7 days
January 1996
3-7
EPSEAL Sealant
Description and Primary Function: EPSEAL sealant is a low-viscosity resin composition designed for high strength consolidating and plugging applications. It has a high compressive strength and resists chemical attack. Application areas include fluid shutoff, casing repair, liner cementing, and remedial cementing. Secondary Effects: EPSEAL bonds strongly to sand, cement, steel, aluminum, salt, and calcareous rock particles. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid skin and eye contact. Wear goggles. Avoid breathing vapors. If contact with eyes, skin or clothing occurs, flush with water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention for eyes. Properties: Additive: EPSEAL Sealant Part No.: See Table 3-4 for properties. Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 60F to 245F (16C to 117C) Special Information: Usage Restrictions: Make sure no water contacts the EPSEAL during mixing. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. reduces pump time
3-8
January 1996
Table 3-4: Properties - EPSEAL Sealant Components

Low Temp Hardener EPSEAL C-4
70.15177 0.96 liquid amber
Identification EPSEAL & Properties R

Part Number Specific Gravity Form Color How Packaged Unit of Issue 70.15215 1.05 liquid yellow 55-gal drum gal 8.76 lb/gal 1.05 kg/L slightly -25F (-32C) 140F (60C) 148F COC (64C) aromatic
Accelerator EPSEAL C-1

70.15216 0.973 liquid dark red 1-gal can gal 70.15201 0.973 liquid dark red 5-gal can gal
Silica Flour SSA-1

890.51039 2.63 solid white
WAC-9
70.15622 2.63 solid white 50-lb bag lb
EPSEAL RE
516.00191 1.076 liquid yellow 55-gal drum gal
EPSEAL Catalyst LC
516.00083 1.001 liquid brown 5-gal pail gal
10-gal can 100-lb sack lb lb
Bulk Density
8.12 lb/gal 8.12 lb/gal 8.01 lb/gal 0.973 0.973 kg/L 0.96 kg/L kg/L slightly -25F (-32C) slightly -25F (-32C) slightly 30F (-1C) 166F TCC (74C) 148F COC (64C) amine foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, & water spray
70 lb/cu ft 70 lb/cu ft 1,121 kg/m3 1,121 kg/m 3 insoluble insoluble -
8.974
8.33
Sol. in H2O Pour Point
none -25F (-32C)
soluble 40F
Flash Point
315F COC (157C)
315F COC (157C)
146F
ND
Odor
amine
amine
odorless
odorless
aromatic
amine
Extinguishing Media
foam, foam, foam, dry dry dry chemical, chemical, chemical, carbon carbon & dioxide, & dioxide, & carbon water water dioxide spray spray
foam
foam
January 1996
3-9

Special Information: Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases density, thickening time, and final strength increases viscosity, early strength, and the amount of water needed for mixing
Cal-Seal
Description and Primary Function: Cal-Seal is primarily a hemihydrate form of calcium sulfate. It is used in remedial work. Cal-Seal controls lost circulation, acts as an expanding aid, accelerates Portland cement, and imparts thixotropic properties to cement slurries. Secondary Effects: Cal-Seal has a rapid initial cement set at low temperatures. Interaction with Other Additives: Sodium chloride can be used to accelerate Cal-Seal. Sodium citrate, HALAD-9, or HR retarders can be used to retard the set. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Avoid creating and inhaling the dust. Flush exposed areas with water. Properties: Additive: Cal-Seal Part No.: 890.50131, sk; 516.00335, bulk Specific Gravity: 2.70 Form: solid powder Color: white How Packaged: 100-lb sack Bulk Density: 75 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 4.8 gal/sk Absolute Volume: 0.0444 gal/lb Solubility in Water: @20C, 0.2 to 0.8 g/100 ml H2O Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 40F to 170F (4C to 77C) Concentration: 5 to 90% bwoc Usage Restrictions: For most Cal-Seal-cement blends, placement at temperatures higher than 60F result in short pumping times.
3-10
January 1996
Cementing Technology Manual Cal-Seal and Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Blends Cal-Seal

Cal-Seal is a high-strength, controlled-setting gypsum cement designed specifically for use in oil and gas wells. It is supplied with the following setting time specifications: 1. Cal-Seal No. 60: After it has been mixed with distilled water, this grade of Cal-Seal should set hard in 50 to 60 minutes.
for this reason that dump bailer units are equipped with a tank to carry water of acceptable purity to the location. The following materials function as accelerators and will shorten the setting time of Cal-Seal: 1. 2. 4. 5. 6. Salt or seawater Soda water Salt at low concentrations Baking soda Portland cement
Field Control
A field setting-time test can be made as follows: 1. 2. 3. Use a waxed paper cup or a clean can for a mixing container. Pour about 1 in. of water into the container. Take a Cal-Seal sample equal to about twice the volume of water from the center of the bag with a bag thief, or cut the bag. Note the time before adding the Cal-Seal to water. Gradually sift the Cal-Seal into the water until all the water is absorbed. Allow Cal-Seal to stand undisturbed until it is hard enough to support a sharp pencil or stick under slight pressure. The elapsed time from the start of the mixing until the sample is hard is the setting time.
The following waters and materials function as retarders and will lengthen the setting time of CalSeal: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Sodate retarder Sulfide waters Swamp water containing tannic acid Sodium hexa meta phosphate or calgon Quadrafos HR retarders
4. 5. 6.
To accelerate Cal-Seal so that 60-minute Cal-Seal will set in approximately 30 minutes, add 1 lb (454 g) of salt/100 lb (45.4 kg) of Cal-Seal. The concentration of salt required to give an accelerated setting time can be determined by adding varying amounts of salt ( to 2 lb) (0.227 to 1.13 kg) to 5 gal (18.9 L) of water and making a setting time test for each concentration of salt until the correct setting time is obtained. Ocean water will usually cause 60-minute Cal-Seal to set in about 25 minutes. The resultant set material is not as strong or as satisfactory when salt is used and is not recommended except in cases of necessity. NOTE: Do not use MORE THAN 2 lb (1.13 kg) of salt/sk. It will retard the setting time of Cal-Seal. Baking soda can also be used in the ratio of 1 lb (454 g)/sk of Cal-Seal which makes any Cal-Seal set in 15 to 20 minutes. NOTE: Do not use MORE THAN 1 lb (454 g) because the Cal-Seal will be full of holes and lack strength. In using all these accelerators, place the correct amount of mixing water in the mixer, and add the proper amount of accelerator to the water. Mix until
Factors Affecting the Setting Time

Temperature has an appreciable effect on the setting time of Cal-Seal. The shortest time is obtained at approximately 120F (49C). At lower or higher temperatures, the setting times get longer. For regular Cal-Seal, the setting time at very low temperatures and at temperatures exceeding 140F (60C) is much longer than the grade (No. 60, etc.) specifies. Regular Cal-Seal will not set satisfactorily at temperatures much higher than 140F (60C). HT CalSeal should be used for higher temperature conditions. For best results the mixing water should be at a temperature of 60F (16C) to 80F (27C). Many chemicals which affect the setting time of CalSeal are present in waters available in the field. It is
January 1996
3-11

be used with Classes A, G, or H in specialized blends to achieve a specific result. Also, Cal-Seal can be adaptable to the same purposes. This gypsum can also be blended with cement to take advantage of its thixotropic-producing properties for plug flow cementing applications. The gypsum is also used in small quantities in cement blends for its expansion-producing property.
all the accelerator is in solution. Then add the CalSeal for further mixing.
Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Mixtures

The following tabulations present data on slurry properties (Table 3-5), thickening time (Table 3-6 and Fig. 3-1), and compressive strength (Table 3-7) of Cal-Seal - Standard Cement mixtures at 40F, 60F, and 80F (4C, 16C, and 27C). For the particular materials used in these tests, acceleration of thickening time of Cal-Seal and Standard Cement blends reached a maximum near 21% Cal-Seal, but strength development with time remained proportional to the concentration of CalSeal for the first 24 hours. Mixtures with 5% CalSeal had about the same strength development as neat cement, and 90% Cal-Seal blends approached the same values as 100% Cal-Seal. A mixture with 90% Cal-Seal had a compressive strength of slightly more than 1,000 psi (6.99 mPa) in 30 minutes at 80F (27C) when mixed with 4.8 gal (18.17 L) of water/100 lb (45.36 kg) of blend. A mixture with 80% Cal-Seal reaches this strength in about 45 minutes when mixed with the same amount of water. The actual value of 30-minute strength varies somewhat with the particular batch of cement. The Cal-Seal samples used for these tests would not set in 30 minutes but had approximately fullstrength of more than 2,600 psi (17.93 mPa) in 60 minutes. The set Cal-Seal is water soluble but adding cement inhibits leaching of Cal-Seal, and lower mixing water ratios decrease the apparent solubility. Increasing temperatures accelerated the thickening times and early strengths of all mixtures tested, but 24-hour strengths at 80F (27C) were almost independent of Cal-Seal concentration up to 50% CalSeal. Temperatures had a negligible effect on 24-hour strengths for 90% and 80% Cal-Seal mixtures. Thickening times of all slurries were determined with a Halliburton Consistometer regulated at test temperature with viscosity noted at 1-min intervals until the slurries reached 70 Bc. Compressive strengths of all blends were determined at atmospheric curing pressure. A special grade of gypsum hemihydrate (Industrial Gauging Plaster Type B-85, U.S. Gypsum Co.) can 3-12
Cal-Seal Cement Mixtures with Sodium Chloride Accelerator

For very shallow wells or surface applications at low temperatures where an extremely short setting time combined with very rapid strength development is needed, a small amount of sodium chloride can be used as an accelerator for Cal-Seal-cement mixtures. Under normal conditions these mixtures can be expected to set hard in slightly less than 30 minutes and should rapidly gain strength in the time interval between 30 and 60 minutes at a temperature as low as 50F (10C). The strength gain is so rapid that a few minutes difference can result in a considerable difference in strength. A mixture of 90 parts Cal-Seal and 10 parts cement containing 2 parts sodium chloride can be expected to develop over 1,000 psi (6.89 mPa) compressive strength in 30 minutes at 50F (10C) when mixed with 4.8 gal (18.17 L) of water/100 lb (45.36 kg) of blend. Laboratory specimens had a compressive strength of approximately 1,900 psi (13.10 mPa) when cured at 50F (10C) for 30 minutes. Using CFR-2 to obtain necessary slurry consistency at lower water ratios slightly lowers the early strength of the set blend but may be necessary for low viscosity and necessary flow properties in 70-30 and 50-50 Cal-Seal cement blends. Lowering water ratios has only a slight effect on compressive strengths in 30 minutes but will probably result in a stronger set after 24 hours at low temperatures.
January 1996
240 (1.7)
6,000 (41.4)
Bonding Strength - psi (mPa) of Bonding Area
160 (1.1)
4,000 (27.6)
Compressive Strength - psi (mPa)
200 (1.4)
5,000 (34.5)
120 (.83)
3,000 (20.7)
Bonding Strength
80 (.55)
2,000 (13.8)
Compressive Strength
40 (.28)
1,000 (6.9)
4.5 17.0 0.35 0.40
5.0 18.9 0.45
5.5 20.8 0.50
gal water/sk L water/sk

0.55
Water/Cal-Seal Ratio (lb water/lb Cal-Seal)
Fig. 3-1: Bonding and Compressive Strength of Cal-Seal vs. Water Cal-Seal Ratio
January 1996
3-13

Table 3-5: Slurry Properties
Cal-Seal/ Cement Ratio 5/100

b
Water Ratio /100 lb (45.36 kg) of blend gal 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 4.8 4.8 L (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (20.82) (18.17) (18.17) cu ft 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.54 0.64 lb/gal 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.3 15.2 15.1 14.9 14.8 15.4 15.3
Slurry Weight lb/cu ft 117 116 115 114 114 113 111 111 115 114 kg/L 1.87 1.86 1.85 1.83 1.82 1.81 1.79 1.27 1.85 1.83
3
Slurry Volume b ft /100 lb 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.28 1.29 1.31 1.32 1.22 1.23 L/45.36 kg 35.4 35.7 36.0 36.2 36.2 36.5 37.4 37.4 34.6 34.8
10/100 25/100 40/100 60/100
100/100 90% 80% 90% 80%

a c
Water and slurry volume based on 100 lb (45.36 kg) of Cal-Seal-Cement blend. 100 lb (45.36 kg) sk of Cal-Seal /94 lb (42.64 kg) sk of cement.
b c
90 lb (40.82 kg) of Cal-Seal/10 lb (4.45 kg) of cement or 80 lb (36.29 kg) of Cal-Seal/20 lb (9.07 kg) of cement.
3-14
January 1996

Table 3-6: Thickening Times to 70 Bc-Minutes
sacks of Cal-Seal/ 100 sk of Cement 5 10 25 40 60 100 Cal-Seal Standard Cement 90% to 5.5 80% to 5.5 90% to 4.8 80% to 4.8
a a
40F (4C) 180+ 82 67 51 45 32
60F (16C) 180+ 44 38 34 30 27
80F (27C) 180+ 9 9 9 9 9 28 180+
43 31 29 21
44 43 39 33
25 28 21 18
Water ratio in gal/sk for blend; 90% means 90 lb (40.82 kg) of Cal-Seal/10 lb (4.54 kg) of cement and 80% means 80 lb (36.29 kg) of Cal-Seal/20 lb (0.07 kg) of cement.
January 1996
3-15

Table 3-7: Compressive Strength of Cal-Seal
Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) @ Indicated Time (hr)
Cal-Seal/ Cement Ratio
24
Compressive Strength - 40F (4C) 5/100 10/100 25/100 40/100 60/100 100/100 90%-5.5 80%-5.5 90%-4.8 80%-4.8
b a
N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S.
N.S. N.S. 50 (0.34) 140 (0.97) 320 (2.2) 565 (3.9) 1,015 (7.0) 565 (3.9) 1,195 (8.2) 1,080 (7.4)
N.S. N.S. 130 (0.90) 290 (2.0) 465 (3.2) 770 (5.3) 1,640 (11.3) 1,585 (10.9) 2,460 (17.0) 1,080 (7.4)
N.S. 10 (0.07) 115 (0.79) 280 (1.90) 495 (3.4) 835 (5.8) 1,885 (13.0) 1,815 (12.5) 3,030 (20.9) 2,190 (15.1)
5 (0.3) 80 (0.55) 95 (0.66) 230 (1.60) 410 (2.8) 700 (4.8) 1,800 (12.4) 1,555 (10.7) 2,820 (19.4) 2,310 (15.9)
135 (0.93) 150 (1.0) 270 (1.90) 400 (2.80) 605 (4.2) 830 (5.7) 2,310 (15.9) 1,810 (12.5) 3,075 (21.2) 2,735 (18.9)
a a
N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S.
N.S. N.S. 100 (0.69) 270 (1.9) 245 (1.7) 735 (5.1) 1,150 (7.9) 1,180 (8.1) 1,730 (11.9) 1,870 (12.9)
N.S. 10 (0.07) 80 (0.55) 215 (1.5) 420 (2.9) 695 (4.8) 2,030 (14.0) 1,580 (10.9) 2,135 (14.7) 3,085 (21.3)
N.S. 10 (0.07) 105 (0.72) 220 (1.5) 305 (2.1) 770 (5.3) 2,070 (14.3) 1,810 (12.5) 2,550 (17.6) 22,65 (15.6)
25 (.17) 46 (0.32) 100 (0.69) 190 (1.3) 410 (2.8) 680 (4.7) 2,050 (14.1) 1,820 (12.5) 1,780 (12.3) 2,850 (19.6)
60 (.41) 705 (4.9) 640 (4.4) 760 (5.2) 915 (6.3) 1,130 (7.8) 1,960 (20.4) 1,960 (13.5) 2,960 (20.4) 2,830 (19.5)
100 lb (45.36 kg) sk of Cal-Seal/94 lb (42.64 kg) sk of cement.
Water/solids ratio for blend, 90 lb (40.82 kg) of Cal-Seal/10 lb (4.54 kg) of cement and 80 lb (36.29 kg) CalSeal/20 lb (9.07 kg) of cement. N.S. Not Set.
3-16
January 1996
Table 3-7: Compressive Strength of Cal-Seal (cont.)

Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) @ Indicated Time (hr) Cal-Seal/ Cement Ratio 1 2 4 8 24
a a
N.S. N.S. 60 (0.42) 140 (0.97) 250 (1.7) 350 (2.4) 185 (1.3) 535 (3.7) 1,185 (8.2) 635 (4.4)
N.S. 5 (0.03) 65 (0.45) 215 (1.5) 280 (1.9) 585 (4.0) 1,500 (10.3) 1,835 (12.7) 2,250 (15.5) 2,230 (15.4)
N.S. 5 (0.03) 70 (0.48) 230 (1.6) 340 (2.3) 590 (4.1) 2,055 (14.2) 2,200 (15.2) 2,635 (18.2) 2,260 (15.6)
5 (0.03) 15 (0.01) 65 (0.45) 180 (1.2) 335 (2.3) 590 (4.1) 2,110 (14.5) 2,285 (15.8) 2,630 (18.1) 2,285 (15.8)
130 (0.90) 175 (1.2) 270 (1.9) 350 (2.4) 385 (2.7) 665 (4.6) 2,155 (14.9) 1,920 (13.2) 2,610 (18.0) 2,540 (17.5)
1,370 (9.4) 1,305 (9.0) 1,320 (9.1) 1,305 (9.0) 1,355 (9.3) 1,225 (9.2) 2,070 (14.3) 1,875 (12.9) 2,560 (17.7) 2,680 (18.5)
100 lb (45.36 kg) sk of Cal-Seal/94 lb (42.64 kg) sk of cement.
Water/solids ratio for blend, 90 lb (40.82 kg) of Cal-Seal/10 lb (4.54 kg) of cement and 80 lb (36.29 kg) CalSeal/20 lb (9.07 kg) of cement. N.S. Not Set.
January 1996
3-17
Table 3-8: Effective Concentration of Sodium Chloride Accelerator

Cal-Seal Standard Cement Mixture 30-minute Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) 50F (10C) Blend Water /100 lb (45.36 kg) of Blend gal (L) 4.8 (18.17) 5.5 (20.82) 1.0% 610 (4.2) 70 (31.75) 30 (13.61) 5.5 (20.82) 0.75% 270 (1.9) 1.5% 835 (5.8) 1.0% 255 (1.8) Sodium Chloride Accelerator
Cal-Seal lb (kg) 90 (40.82) 80 (36.29)
Cement lb (kg) 10 (4.54) 20 (9.07)
% by Weight of Blend Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) 2.0% a 1,920 (13.2) (25) (0.17) 1.75% 825 (5.7) 1.25% 215 (1.5) 2.0% 1,180 (8.1) 1.5% 155 (1.1) 4.0% 1,055 (7.3)
b
Value in this parenthesis is only for calcium chloride. Pronounced gelation of slurry.
Table 3-9: Cal-Seal Standard Cement Mixtures with Sodium Chloride Accelerator
30-min Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) Blend Cal-Seal lb (kg) 80 (36.29) 80 (36.29) 70 (31.75) 70 (31.75) 50 (22.68) 50 (22.68) Cement lb (kg) 20 (9.07) 20 (9.07) 30 (13.61) 30 (13.61) 50 (22.68) 50 (22.68) Salt % by weight of Blend 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 Water /100 lb (45.36 kg) of Blend gal (L) 5.5 (20.82) 5.5 (20.80) 5.1 (19.30) 5.1 (19.30) 4.8 (18.17) 4.8 (18.17) CFR-2 % by weight of Blend 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 Comp. Stg. - psi (mPa) 50F 640 (5.5) 720 (5.0) 235 (1.6) 100 (0.69) 240 (1.7) 60 (0.41) 80F 1,250 (8.6) 990 (6.8) 1,125 (7.8) 940 (6.5) 780 (5.4) 575 (4.0)
3-18
January 1996
Hydromite
Description and Primary Function: Hydromite is a combination of synthetic resin and gypsum cement. Hydromite is suitable for use in any formation. It is used for squeezing or bottom plugs to control formation water or gas. Secondary Effects: Hydromite sets quickly and forms a strong, durable plug that bonds to the formation. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Flush the exposed area with plenty of water. Properties: Additive: Hydromite Part No.: 890.50451 Specific Gravity: 2.15 Form: powder Color: pink How Packaged: 50-lb drum Bulk Density: 68 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 3 gal/100 lb Absolute Volume: 0.0558 gal/lb Odor: pungent Flash Point: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 40F to 170F (4C to 77C) Concentration: See following usage instructions. Special Information: Usage Restrictions: Never use salt or salt water. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. increases strength and durability
January 1996
3-19

may not reach final hardness for many hours because of the gradual hardening of the resin portion of the mix. The effect of the catalyst on the gypsum portion of Hydromite is small, and the primary use of the catalyst is to help control the setting time of the resin portion. Thus, an error in the amount of catalyst used might not be too noticeable in the surface sample or in the hardness of the plug in the well, but it will change the setting time of the resin portion enough to prevent either squeezing it into the formation or its setting up after it has been squeezed into the formation. Two types of catalyst are used depending on the bottomhole temperature of the well. Table 3-10 gives the amount of Catalyst A to use when BHT is from 60F to 120F, and Table 3-11 gives the amount of Catalyst A-120 to use when BHT is from 120F to 180F. These tables also give the time available for dumping Hydromite, initial hardening time, and the final hardening time. In cases where a plug of Hydromite is placed and it is necessary to dump more material on top of this plug, the setting time considered is shown in the column headed Initial Hardening Time. For example, with a BHT of 160F and the addition of 4 oz of Catalyst A-120/100 lb, the plug would be hard enough to dump on in approximately 95 minutes after mixing, even though maximum hardness would not be reached for 5 to 6 hours. In cases where the resin phase is squeezed out into the formation and the plug is to be drilled out, the time considered is in the column headed Final Hardening Time. For example, at a BHT of 160F, when using 4 oz catalyst/100 lb, the plug should not be drilled out for at least 5 hours. This is the time required for the resin portion of the Hydromite to cure or set. Never swab, bail, or drill the well until the time given in the column Final Hardening Time has elapsed.
Field Procedures for Hydromite

The following steps briefly summarize the filed procedure for Hydromite: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Study the well, and plan the job. Prepare and clean the well. Be sure the well is dead. Obtain an accurate bottomhole temperature. Place the correct amount of water in the mixer (at the rate of 3 gal/100 lb Hydromite). Refer to Table 3-10 or Table 3-11 for the type and amount of catalyst to use, corresponding to the indicated bottomhole temperature. Add the catalyst in the mixing water and circulate at least 1 minute. Add Hydromite and mix thoroughly until the slurry is smooth. Pour into bailer and lower bailer in the well. Apply squeeze pressure to the Hydromite (100 psi minimum).
6. 7. 8. 9.
Physical Properties
Some of the physical properties of Hydromite (mixed with 3 gal of water/100 lb) are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Slurry volume/100 lb Hydromite - 8.4 gal Slurry weight 14.9 lb/gal (111.5 lb/cu ft) Compressive strength 4,000 psi or more in 24 hours Expansion 0.3% at initial set
Set Hydromite is a hard, impermeable material which expands as it takes its initial set. This property helps give the plug a tight bond to the formation. Hydromite is composed of two phases, a gypsum phase and a resin-water phase. When pressure is applied to Hydromite or it is squeezed, the resinwater phase is forced into the permeable formation where it sets into a hard, impermeable mass.
Mixing
Hydromite is mixed by using 3 gal of water/100 lb of Hydromite. Do not use excess water. The mixing water should be clean and fresh. Never use salt water for mixing Hydromite. The temperature of the mixing water should never exceed the bottomhole temperature of the well and should preferably not exceed 85F. Using cold water in mixing Hydromite gives a thickening of the
Setting Time
The setting or hardening of Hydromite proceeds in two stages. Both stages depend on the temperature and the amount of catalyst used. The gypsum cement portion of the Hydromite usually hardens or sets before the resin portion reaches its final hardening point. While Hydromite takes its initial set in about 90 minutes or less after mixing, the material
3-20
January 1996

slurry which makes it appear that insufficient mixing water has been used. This thickening of the slurry can be expected when the temperature of the slurry is less than 40F. During cold weather it is advisable to preheat the mixing water enough to balance the cooling effect of the cold mixer, bailer, and Hydromite. Hydromite can be mixed in either the standard CalSeal mixer or in a small container with a portable mixer. The catalyst is added to the mixing water and mixed thoroughly. The Hydromite is then added and mixed until the slurry is smooth, free of lumps, and at the proper consistency.
It is not advisable to pump Hydromite through tubing.
The Use of Hydromite in Deep Wells

Hydromite has been used successfully in the field at well depths of approximately 12,000 ft (3,660 m) where bottomhole temperatures are about 200F to 225F (93C to 107C). Under these conditions, no catalyst is used, and 30 g of sodate retarder/50 lb (27 kg) of Hydromite is recommended. The dumping time under these conditions is approximately 1 hour. Laboratory tests with percentages of sodate retarder in excess of the amount shown do not extend the dumping time. In deep wells, a trial run to the bottom of the hole with fresh water is suggested to determine if the material can be dumped in the allotted time. The secret to a successful operation is dumping the material as quickly as possible. At these temperatures, Hydromite should set hard in approximately 5 hours.
Placing in Well
Hydromite is usually placed in a well by using the Halliburton dump bailer equipment. The dump bailer, filled with fresh water, is run to the bottom of hole and dumped to help ensure the bailer goes freely to bottom and to flag the bailer line. After the Hydromite is mixed, it is poured into the bailer and run to bottom. The bailer should be set on the bottom with enough force to shear the bailer disc only once. It is then picked up about a foot, held for a minute, picked up to the calculated height of the dump, held for a minute, and then brought up and out of the hole. Any unnecessary fluid agitation by the bailer while on the bottom increases the chances of contamination of the Hydromite. A squeeze pressure of not less than 100 psi should be applied immediately to the Hydromite in the well. High squeeze pressures will not damage Hydromite, so 100 psi is the minimum to use. The maximum can be any pressure. In general, squeeze pressures from 800 to 1,000 psi (5.50 to 6.90 mPa) are preferred. If the well is full of fluid, this squeeze pressure should be applied with a pressure pump. If the fluid level is low, quickly loading the hole with fluid should give the necessary pressure head. This pressure should be applied before the Initial Hardening Time has elapsed. When loading the hole, 100 psi (0.690 mPa) requires an increase in the fluid level of the well of about 250 ft (76 m) when using water or about 350 ft (107 m) when using oil. It is advisable to catch a sample of the Hydromite slurry as it is dumped into the bailers. This sample indicates when the material in the well is set.
January 1996
3-21
Table 3-10: 60F to 120F (16C to 49C) Catalyst A/100 lb (45.4 kg) Hydromite
Bottomhole Temperature F (C) 60 (16) 65 (18) 70 (21) 75 (24) 80 (27) 85 (29) 90 (32) 95 (35) 100 (38) 105 (41) 110 (43) 115 (46) 120 (49)
a
Catalyst A /100 lb oz 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 5 4 3 3 2 2
a
Available Pumping Time min 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Initial Hardening Time min 100 95 90 85 85 75 75 70 65 65 60 60 60
Final Hardening Time hr 20 16 10 8 7 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 3
Setting Time at 75F (25C) min 60 60 70 70 75 75 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
g 680 595 510 425 340 255 184 142 113 99 85 78 71
Note: It is permissible to use either volume or weight measurements for the amount of catalyst required.
3-22
January 1996
Table 3-11: 120F to 180F (49C to 82C) Catalyst A-120/100 lb (45.4 kg) Hydromite
Bottomhole Temperature F (C) 120 (49) 125 (52) 130 (54) 135 (57) 140 (60) 145 (63) 150 (66) 155 (68) 160 (71) 165 (74) 170 (77) 175 (79) 180 (82)
a
Catalyst A-120/100 lb oz 20 16 12 10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1
a
Available Pumping Time min 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Initial Hardening Time min 60 60 70 80 80 90 90 90 95 95 95 100 110
Final Hardening Time hr 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5
Setting Time at 75F (24C) min 85 85 85 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90
g 567 454 340 283 227 198 170 142 113 85 57 43 28
Note: It is permissible to use either volume or weight measurements for the amount of catalyst required.
January 1996
3-23
PERMAFROST Cement
Description and Primary Function: PERMAFROST is a special blend of cementing materials formulated for setting surface casing and conductor pipe where the formation temperatures are as low as 15F. It is used in permafrost areas where washouts, fractures, and ice lenses are encountered. Secondary Effects: PERMAFROST's low heat of hydration develops strength rapidly at subfreezing temperatures. Interaction with Other Additives: Retard permafrost with sodium citrate. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Flush the exposed areas with water. Properties: Additive: PERMAFROST Cement Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: 75-lb sack or bulk Bulk Density: 75 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 3.5 gal/75-lb sk Solubility in Water: @20C, insoluble Odor: none Flash Point: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 15F to 120F (-9C to 49C) Concentration: 41 lb Cal-Seal, 26 lb Class G, 3 lb salt, 4.6 lb Gilsonite, 0.33 lb CFR-2 Special Information: Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases thickening time increases early strength
3-24
January 1996
Cementing Technology Manual s
2-hr Pumping Time 3 lb/sk Lost-Circulation Material "A" 14.5% Salt
20 2 0 4 8
24
28
20
18
16
14
12
10
Fig. 3-2: PERMAFROST Cement Curing Temperature - 25F
January 1996
Compressive Strength psi x 100
Curing Time Days
12
16
3-25

Table 3-13: Typical PERMAFROST Pumping Time
Sodium Citrate Concentration lb/sk 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.00 20 (-7) 7:28 8:00 9:57 0:40
Circulating Temperature, F (C) 30 (-1) 4:41 6:14 7:21 0:35 40 (4) 3:38 4:32 5:21 0:25
Table 3-14: Typical Thermal Properties of PERMAFROST

Diffusivity ft/hr 0.0095 Specific Heat btu/lb 0.400 Conductivity btu/hr/ft /F/ft 0.438 Hydration Heat btu/lb of slurry 19.2
3-26
January 1996
20
Salt Concentration - % bwow
16
12 8
4 0 12 (-11) 14 (-10) 16 (-9) 18 (-8) 20 (-7) 22 (-6) 24 (-4) 26 (-3) 28 (-2) 30 (-1) 32 (0)
Freezing Temperature of Salt Water F (C)

Fig. 3-3: Salt Concentration vs. Freezing Temperature
January 1996
3-27
Halliburton Light Cement (HLC)

Description and Primary Function: Halliburton Light Cement (HLC) is a blend of cement, POZMIX A, and bentonite. HLC is a filler-type cementing composition used in high column cementing or where hole conditions do not require critical cement slurries. Secondary Effects: HLC has variable density and is economical. Interaction with Other Additives: It is compatible with most additives. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid inhaling dust and getting dust in eyes. Wash skin with soap and water. Flush eyes with plenty of water. Properties: Additive: HLC Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: bulk blended Bulk Density: 87 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: variable Absolute Volume: 0.0414 gal/lb Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 80F to 230F (27C to 110C) Adding SSA-1 or SSA-2 increases temperature range to 400F (204C). Concentration: 65% cement, 35% POZMIX A, and 6% bentonite Special Information: Usage Restrictions: It is not recommended as a completion cement. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases density and strength increases the amount of water needed for mixing and thickening time
3-28
January 1996
Table 3-15: Halliburton Light Cement with Salt and HR -4 for High Temperature Conditions
Cement Slurry Properties Water gal/sk 10.9 10.9 10.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 13.4 16.4 11.9 14.2 L/sk 41.3 41.3 41.3 37.5 37.5 37.5 50.7 62.1 45.0 53.8 Salt % 0 18 Saturated 0 18 Saturated 18 Saturated 18 Saturated
a
Slurry Weight lb/gal 12.4 12.9 13.3 12.7 13.2 13.5 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.7 kg/L 1.49 1.55 1.60 1.52 1.58 1.62 1.49 1.49 1.52 1.52
3
Slurry Volume ft /sk 1.97 2.07 2.19 1.84 1.92 2.03 2.41 3.00 2.19 2.67 m /sk 0.0558 0.0586 0.0620 0.0521 0.0544 0.0575 0.0682 0.0849 0.0620 0.0756
3
If mixed at these slurry weights with salt saturation, 8% bentonite is recommended to prevent excessive free-water separation.
January 1996
3-29

Weight/sk, 87 lb - 3.6 Abs. gal (13.6 L) (Cement)
Water gal/sk 7.7 8.8 9.9 10.9 L/sk 29.0 33.0 37.5 41.0 lb/gal
Weight kg/L
a
Volume ft /sk
a 3
API Casing Schedules m /sk

3
4,000 ft
a
3:00 3:40 4:00+ 4:00+ 4:00+
13.6 (13.0) 13.1 (12.7) 12.7 (12.4)
1.62 (1.57) 1.57 (1.52) 1.52 (1.49)
1.54 (1.70) 1.69 (1.84) 1.84 (1.99)
0.0436 (0.048) 0.0479 (0.052) 0.0521 (0.056)
4:00+ 4:00+ 4:00+ 4:00+
12.4 (12.1) a
1.49 (1.45) a
1.97 (2.12) a
0.0558 (0.060) a
Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) Weight lb/gal 13.6 13.1 12.7 12.4 kg/L 1.63 1.57 1.52 1.49 495 320 235 165 95F (35C) - 800 psi (5.50 mPa) 24 hr (3.41) (2.21) (1.62) (1.14) 1,050 745 485 315 72 hr (7.24) (5.14) (3.34) (2.17) 110F (43C) - 1,600 psi (11.00 mPa) 24 hr 645 435 330 225 (4.45) (4.36) (2.28) (1.55) 1,340 820 570 485 72 hr (9.24) (5.65) (3.93) (3.34)
Light Cement with 2.0% Calcium Chloride, Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) Curing Conditions Curing Time hr 80F (27C) ATM Pressure 97F (35C) 800 psi (5.52 mPa) 110F (43C) 800 psi (5.52 mPa)
Slurry Weight - 13.1 lb/ gal (1.57 kg/ L) 12 18 24 150 (1,030) 230 (1,590) 310 (2,140) 225 (1.55) 410 (2.83) 630 (4.34) 520 (3.59) 320 (2,210) 335 (2,310) 770 (5.31) a 700 (4.83)
Slurry Weight - 12.7 lb/gal (1.52 kg/L) 12 18 24 90 (620) 120 (830) 235 (1,620) 130 (0.90) 260 (1.79) 425 (2.93) a 405 (2.79) 175 (1.21) 370 (2.25) 520 (3.59) a 490 (3.38)
Slurry Weight - 12.4 lb/gal (1.49 kg/L) 12 18 24 55 (380) 115 (790) 200 (1,380) 105 (0.72) 160 (1.10) 275 (1.90) a 245 (1.69) 85 (0.59) 240 (1.65) 380 (2.62) a 315 (2.17)
Values are for seawater of 3% salt water without calcium chloride.
3-30
January 1996
Table 3-17: Halliburton Light Cement Pressure-Temperature Thickening Time and Compressive Strength Tests
Cement Slurry Weight lb/gal kg/L Salt % HR -4 %
Thickening Time hr:min
24-hr Compressive Strength psi mPa
BHST - 170F (8,000 ft) 77C (2,438 m) 12.4 12.9 13.3 12.7 13.2 13.5 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.7 1.49 1.55 1.59 1.52 1.58 1.62 1.49 1.49 1.52 1.52 0 18 Saturated 0 18 Saturated 18 Saturated 18 Saturated
a a a a
0.20 0.20 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.30 0.00
4:30 4:30+ 4:00+ 3:00 3:30+ 3:30+ 4:30+ 4:00+ 3:30+ 3:00+
1,100 950 830 1,185 1,005 910 720 510 860 740
7.58 6.55 5.72 8.17 6.93 6.27 4.96 3.52 5.93 5.10
BHST - 230F (10,000 ft) - 110C (3,048 m) 12.4 12.9 13.3 12.7 13.2 13.5 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.7
a
1.49 1.55 1.60 1.52 1.58 1.62 1.49 1.49 1.52 1.52
0 18
a
0.40 0.30 0.00 0.50 0.40 0.00 0.30

a
4:55 3:37 3:30+ 3:08 4:15 4:00+ 4:30+ 3:30+ 5:54 3:30+
1,305 1,250 850 1,490 1,460 870 935 555 940 410
9.00 8.62 5.86 10.27 10.07 6.00 6.45 3.83 6.48 2.83
Saturated 0 18 Saturated 18 Saturated 18 Saturated

a
0.00 0.40 0.00
If mixed at these slurry weights with salt saturation, 8% bentonite is recommended to prevent excessive free-water separation.
January 1996
3-31

Table 3-18: Halliburton Light Cement (Premium Plus Cement)
Slurry Properties Wt/sk, 87 lb - Abs. gal (13.6 L) Thickening Time hr:min API Casing Schedules 4,000 ft 4:00+ 4:00+ 4:00+ 4:00+ 6,000 ft 3:07 3:41 3:59 4:20
Water gal/sk 9.6 10.6 11.6 12.6 L/sk 36.3 40.1 43.0 47.7
Weight lb/gal 12.8 (12.5) 12.5 (12.2) 12.2 (12.0) 12.0 (11.8) kg/L 1.53 (1.50) 1.50 (1.46) 1.46 (1.44) 1.44 (1.41) ft /sk
3
Volume m3/sk 0.051 (0.055) 0.055 (0.059) 0.058 (0.063) 0.062 (0.066)
1.80 (1.95) 1.93 (2.08) 2.06 (2.21) 2.20 (2.35)
24-hr Compressive Strength - psi (mPa) 95F (35C) - 800 psi (5.50 mPa) Weight 12.8 12.5 12.2 12.0 kg/L 1.53 1.50 1.46 1.44 psi 470 365 265 205 mPa 3.24 2.52 1.83 1.41 110F (43C) - 1,600 psi (11.00 mPa) psi 605 440 300 245 mPa 4.17 3.03 2.07 1.69
Value in parentheses is 10 lb/sk gilsonite.
3-32
January 1996
Table 3-19: Slurry Properties, Premium Plus Cement with Salt

Halliburton Light Cement (wt/sk 87 lb) Water gal/sk 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 L/sk 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 Salt % 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 Slurry Weight lb/gal 12.50 12.69 12.85 13.00 12.00 12.20 12.38 12.55 kg/L 1.50 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.44 1.46 1.38 1.50
3
Slurry Volume ft /sk 1.93 1.96 1.99 2.02 2.20 2.23 2.27 2.30 m3/sk 0.055 0.056 0.056 0.057 0.062 0.063 0.064 0.065
January 1996
3-33

Table 3-20: Halliburton Light Cement Pressure-Temperature Thickening-Time Tests
Casing-Cementing Schedule Premium Plus Cement Depth - 6,000 ft (1,829m)
Static Temperature F (C)
Circulating Temperature F (C) Water Requirement - 10.6 gal/sk
Salt %
170 (77) 170 (77) 170 (77) 170 (77)
113 (45) 113 (45) 113 (45) 113 (45) Water Requirement - 10.6 gal/sk
0 6 12 18
3:44 3:00 4:03 4:00+
170 (77) 170 (77) 170 (77) 170 (77)
113 (45) 113 (45) 113 (45) 113 (45)
0 6 12 18
4:18 3:45 4:55 4:00+
3-34
January 1996

Table 3-21: Compressive Strength - psi (mPa)
Premium Plus Cement Curing Time - 24 hours API Curing Conditions Salt % 95F (35C) 800 psi (5.50mPa) 110F (43C) 1,600 psi (11.00 mPa)
140F (60C) 3,000 psi (20.70 mPa)
Water Requirement - 10.6 gal/sk 0 6 12 18 315 345 220 210 (2.17) (2.38) (1.52) (1.45) 375 405 310 305 (2.59) (2.79) (2.14) (2.10) 430 495 390 340 (2.96) (3.41) (2.69) (2.34)
January 1996
3-35
High Temperature Low Density Cement (HTLD)

Description and Primary Function: HTLD (High Temperature, Low-Density) Cement is composed of Portland Cement, POZMIX A, and hydrated lime. Secondary Effects: HTLD develops strength rapidly at high temperatures. It has low heat of hydration and good flow properties. Interaction with Other Additives: It is compatible with other cement additives. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Wash the affected areas. Properties Additive: HTLD Cement Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: bulk plant blended Bulk Density: 65 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 7.8 gal/91-lb sk Absolute Volume: 0.0466 gal/lb Solubility in Water: @ 20C, 0.165 g/100 ml H2O Odor: none Flash Point: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 200F to 450F (93C to 232C) Concentration: (blend composition) Premium (fine) or Premium Cement POZMIX A Hydrated Lime 23.5 lb 55.5 lb 11.8 lb 91-lb sk Special Information: Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases density increases viscosity January 1996
3-36

Table 3-22: Data on Halliburton HTLD Cement Slurry Properties
Water gal/sk 7.80 6.48 5.54 5.15 4.74 4.07 L/sk 29.5 24.5 21.0 19.5 17.9 15.4 Slurry Weight lb/gal 12.9 13.5 14.0 14.2 14.5 15.0 kg/L 1.55 1.62 1.68 1.70 1.74 1.80 Slurry Volume
3
Slurry Viscosity (Bc) Init. 1 1 3 4 8 12 20 min 1 1 5 5 9 16
Free Water % 4.2 3.3 1.8 1.7 0.6 0.1
ft /sk 1.61 1.43 1.31 1.26 1.20 1.11
L/sk 45.6 40.5 37.1 35.7 34.0 31.4
Thickening Time
(From pressure temperature thickening-time tests) Water: 7.8 gal/sk (29.5 L/sk) Slurry Weight: 12.9 lb/gal (1.55 kg/L) 3 Yield: 1.61 ft /sk (0.046 m 3/sk) Bottomhole Temperature Time to Reach BHCT min
Well Depth ft m F
Static C
Circulating F C
HR -4 %
HR-12 %
API Casing-Cementing Schedules 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 16,000 3,048 3,658 4,267 4,877 4,877 230 260 290 320 320 110 127 143 160 160 144 172 206 248 248 52 78 97 120 120 36 44 52 60 60 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 5:00+ 5:00+ 3:30 1:50 4:37
API Liner-Cementing Schedules 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000

a
3,048 3,658 4,267 4,877
230 260 290 320
110 127 143 160
144 172 206 248
52 78 97 120
19 24 29 34
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.5 0.8
5:00+ 5:10 4:08 4:16
With higher slurry weights, the thickening times will be longer, and the compressive strengths will be lower.
January 1996
3-37
Table 3-22: Data on Halliburton HTLD Cement (cont.)

Slurry Properties Compressive Strength Compressive Strength at a Curing Pressure of 3,000 psi (20.68 mPa) and a Curing Temperature of Curing Time days 1 3 7 230F psi 1,330 1,850 2,075 110C mPa 9.17 12.76 14.31 260F psi 1,555 1,445 1,830 127C mPa 10.72 9.96 12.63 290F psi 1,200 1,835 2,800 143C mPa 8.27 12.65 19.31 320F psi 1,530 1,960 2,810 160C mPa 10.56 13.51 19.37 350F psi 1,715 2,245 2,955 177C mPa 11.83 15.49 20.37
3-38
January 1996
Matrix Cement
Description and Primary Function: Matrix cement is designed to penetrate gravel packs, very small channels, and some formations. Its primary application is to squeeze off water in gravel packs and slotted liners. With an average particle size 10 times smaller than standard cement, Matrix can penetrate openings as narrow as 0.05 mm. Secondary Effects: It can also be used to shut off gas or steam production. Interaction with Other Additives: Because of its small particle size, Matrix has a water requirement of 100 to 200% (by weight of cement). It is compatible with most additives. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Wash the affected area with plenty of water. Wear particle mask and eye protection. Properties: Additive: Matrix cement Part No.: 516.00500 Specific Gravity: 2.91 Form: powder Color: light gray How Packaged: 44-lb sk Bulk Density: 50 to 60 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 100 to 200% Absolute Volume: 0.0413 gal/lb Solubility in Water: @ 20C, insoluble Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 60F to 350F (16C to 176C) Concentration: Mix at densities between 11.3 and 12.5 lb/gal. Special Information: Usage Restrictions: At temperatures higher than 230F, an ultra-fine silica flour should be used.
January 1996
3-39

Table 3-23: Matrix Cement Performance Data
Matrix Cement + 1.0% CFR-3
Water (gal/100 lb) (% bwoc) Slurry Density (lb/gal) Yield (ft3/100 lb) Rheological Properties @ 75F (0.2 Fann data) 3 rev/min 6 rev/min 100 rev/min 200 revmin 300 rev/min 600 rev/min UCA Set Times (hr:min @ 75F) 50 psi 500 psi Compressive Strengths @ 75F (psi) 24 hr 72 hr 7 days 7-day Air Permeability (md)
12 100 12.4 2.16
18 150 11.3 2.96
1.4 1.6 3.4 5.6 7.6 13.6
0.8 0.8 2.2 3.6 4.8 8.8
15:18 41:23
18.26 69:59
190 1,470 2,430 1.8
120 860 1,630 2.4
Properties of 20/40 Sand, permeated with Matrix Cement Slurry Compressive Strength @ 75F (psi) 24 hr 72 hr 7 Days 7-day Air Permeability (md) 210 1,270 2,030 0.011 125 650 1,260 0.18
3-40
January 1996

Table 3-24: Matrix Cement Performance Data
Matrix Cement + 1% CFR-3 and Matrix Cement + 35% SSA-1 and 1% CFR-3 Matrix Cement 1% CFR-3 Water Requirement, % gal/sk Density, lb/gal Yield, ft3 /sk Free Water, % Fluid Loss, cc/30 min Rheology 1 min 20 min Thickening Times at: BHST 250F 180F 140F 100F Compressive Strengths at: 250F Initial set 500 psi 8 hr 12 hr 24 hr 48 hr 64 hr 3:02 3:44 750 psi 700 psi 500 psi 450 psi 3:19 4:15 1,300 psi 1,450 psi 1,650 psi BHCT 170F 133F 112F 90F 3:40 5:20 4:00+ 4:00+ 3:15 4:30 4:00+ 4:00+ 11/6/4/2 18/11/8/6 18/10/8/5 28/18/15/11 125 6.59 11.9 1.11 5.6 >1,400 Matrix Cement 35% SSA-1 1% CFR-3 125 6.59 12.7 1.20 1.6 1,525
January 1996
3-41
Table 3-24: Matrix Cement Performance Data (cont.)

Matrix Cement + 1% CFR-3 and Matrix Cement + 35% SSA-1 + 1% CFR-3 Matrix Cement; 1% CFR-3 180F Initial set: 500 psi 8 hr 12 hr 24 hr 48 hr 64 hr 140F Initial set 500 psi 8 hr 12 hr 24 hr 48 hr 64 hr 100F Initial set 500 psi 8 hr 12 hr 24 hr 48 hr 64 hr 90F Initial set 500 psi 8 hr 12 hr 24 hr 48 hr 64 hr 72 hr 7 day 3:59 6:05 1,050 psi 1,000 psi 950 psi 910 psi 6:18 10:58 600 psi 1,600 psi 2,000 psi 2,000 psi 9:24 23:39 90 psi 510 psi 1,175 psi 1,450 psi 10:10 30:43 75 psi 310 psi 925 psi 1,125 psi 1,290 psi 1,925 psi Matrix Cement; 35% SSA-1; 1% CFR-3 3:22 5:21 1,250 psi 1,450 psi 1,425 psi 3:49 8:31 410 psi 1,025 psi 1,900 psi 7:02 19:53 60 psi 150 psi 700 psi 7:46 25:33 75 psi 125 psi 450 psi 1,100 psi
3-42
January 1996

Special Information:
Micro Matrix Cement

Description and Primary Function: Micro Matrix is an ultra-fine cement designed to penetrate gravel packs, very small channels, and repair casing leaks. Micro Matrix can be used as a lightweight cement for primary cementing. Its primary application is to squeeze off gravel packs and repair casing leaks. It can penetrate openings as small as 0.05 mm because it is as much as ten times smaller than standard cement. Secondary Effects: It has high early strength development and is thixotropic. Interaction with Other Additives: Micro Matrix is compatible with most additives. Because of its small particle size, it has a high water requirement. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Wash affected area with plenty of water. Wear particle mask and eye protection. Properties: Additive: Micro Matrix Part No.: 516.00611, 50-lb sk; 516.00612, 2,500-lb bag; 516.00613, bulk Specific Gravity: 3.0 0.10 Form: fine powder Color: tan How Packaged: sack, bag, and bulk Bulk Density: 40 to 50 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 100 to 150% Absolute Volume: 0.0400 gal/lb Solubility in Water: insoluble Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 40F to 350F (4C to 176C) Concentration: Mix at densities between 11.0 and 12.5 lb/gal.
Usage Restrictions: MICROSAND must be added when Micro Matrix is used at temperatures higher than 140F. Do not mix 100% Micro Matrix at a density greater than 12 lb/gal because severe gelation problems will occur. To overcome gelation problems, use Micro fly ash (FDP-C512) at a 50:50 ratio. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. difficult to retard at temperatures higher than 140F without using Micro Matrix Cement Retarder
January 1996
3-43

Table 3-25: Compressive Strength
Micro Matrix Cement + 0.25% D-AIR 1 Slurry Density Yield ft /50 lb 40F
3
Water % bwoc
Compressive Strength (psi) 24 hr 72 hr 7day
Other Additives
lb/gal
None None 0.5% CFR-3
11.1 11.5 11.5
1.67 1.41 1.46 60F
167 141 141
47 65 74
79 126 139
211 365 426
None None
11.1 11.5
1.61 1.41 80F
167 141
158 247
140 262
223 334
None None 3% calcium chloride None None
10.5 11.0 11.1 11.5 12.0
2.05 1.67 1,61 1.41 1.21 120F
222 176 167 141 117
66 122 360 225 450
100 190 390 545 1,055
100 180 505 515 880
None
11.5
1.41 160F
141
242
435
440
1.0% CFR-3 + 1.0% HR -5
11.5
1.07
100
612
860
725
180F (cured at 3,000 psi) 1.0% CFR-2 + 1.0% HR-12 1.0% CFR-2 + 50% MICROSAND 12.0 12.0 1.21 1.21 117 117 720 970 780 960 815 1,060
3-44
January 1996

Table 3-26: Thickening Time
Micro Matrix Cement + 0.25 % D-AIR 1 Slurry Density Other Additives None 0.5% CFR-3 2.0% HALAD-344 + 0.5% CFR-3 + 1.0% HR -5 2.0% HALAD-344 + 0.5% CFR-3 + 1.5% HR-5 lb/gal 11.5 11.5 12.0 12.0 Yield ft /50 lb 1.41 1.41 1.21 1.21
3
Water % bwoc 141 141 117 117
Temperature F 80 80 190 190
Thickening Time hr:min 6:16 7:10 0:52 0:48
Table 3-27: 140F Thickening Times (API Sch 5g)

Micro Matrix Cement 117% water, (12.0 lb/gal) Retarder Type Fe-2 Fe-2
a
Dispersant % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 Type CFR-3 CFR-3 None CFR-3 None CFR-2 % 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0
Defoamer Type NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 % 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Thickening Time hr:min 70 Bc/100 Bc 3:25/3:29 2:26/2:28 1:32/1:40 1:35/1:53 1:57/2:05 1:11/1:17
SCR-100 HR-5 HR-7 None
1.0% HALAD-413
January 1996
3-45

Table 3-28: Micro Matrix Cement 117% H 2O (12.0 lb/gal)
190F Thickening Time (Mod Sch 7 g) Thickening Time to 70 Bc % 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 hr:min 0:43 0:50 0:45 0:35 0:25 1:18 1:18 3:44 0:19 3:44 3:22 4:30 8:00+ 2:19 1:07 1:54 1:14 0:34 18:40+ 7:00+ 2:32 2:02 21:00+ 4:50 0:32 1:58
Retarder Type SCR-100 % 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 HR -7 HR-15 Fe-2 Sodium citrate HR-25 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 Diacel LWL 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 CFR-1 0.5 3.0 1.0 0.5 HR-5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0
a
Dispersant Type CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-2 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-2 % 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0
Defoamer Type D-AIR 1 D-AIR 1 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 2 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 % 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
a a a a a a
Other Type CFR-1 CFR-1 b
1.0 a 0.5 0.5 a 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
a a a a a a a a
Caustic Lignite HR-5 HR-25 Comp.R HR-25 HR-25
Defoamer added half to mix water; half to slurry after mixing. Experimental copolymer. January 1996
3-46

Table 3-29: Expansion Properties
Micro Matrix Cement + 0.25 % D-AIR 1
Expansion (%) Slurry Density Other Additives 1.0% HALAD -9 20% Cal-Seal lb/gal 11.5 11.5 Yield ft /50 lb 1.41 1.67
3
Water % bwoc 141 167
Temp F 80 80 1 day 0.131 0.179 7 day 0.135 0.345
Table 3-30: Static Gel Strength

Micro Matrix Cement + 0.25% D-AIR 1 Slurry Density Other Additives 0.75% HALAD-413 + 0.75% CFR-3 0.75% HALAD-413 + 0.75 % CFR-3 lb/gal 11.0 11.5 Yield ft /50 lb 1.67 1.41
3
Water % bwoc 176 141
Temp F 110 110
Zero Gel Time hr:min 0.57 0:19
Transition Time hr:min 0.43 0:30
Table 3-31: 140F Thickening Times (API Sch 5 g)

Micro Matrix Cement 117% H2O (12.0 lb/gal) Retarder Type Fe-2 Fe-2
a
Dispersant % 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 --
Defoamer Type CFR-3 CFR-3 None CFR-3 None CFR-2
hr:min % 0.5 1.0 -0.5 --1.0 Type NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 % 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Thickening Time 70 Bc/100 Bc 3:25/3:29 2:26/2:28 1:32/1:40 1:35/1:53 1:57/2:05 1:11/1:17
SCR-100 HR-5 HR-7 None

a
1.0% HALAD-413
January 1996
3-47

Table 3-32: Micro Matrix Cement 117% H 2O (12.0 lb/gal)
190F Thickening Time (Mod Sch 7g) Thickening Time to 70 Bc % -----------0.5 0.5 -1.0 ----1.5 -2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 hr:min 0:43 0:50 0:45 0:35 0:25 1:18 1:18 0:55 0:19 3:44 3:22 4:30 8:00+ 2:19 1.54 1:14 0:34 18:40+ 7:00+ 2:32 2:02 21:00+ 4:50 0:32 1:58
Retarder Type SCR-100 % 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 HR -7 HR-15 Fe-2 Sodium Citrate HR-25
Dispersant Type -----CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 ----CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-2 ---CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 CFR-3 -CFR-2 % -----0.5 0.5 0.5 ----1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 ---0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 -1.0
Defoamer Type D-AIR 1 D-AIR 1 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 2 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 D-AIR 1 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 NF-3 % 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.0
a a a a a a a a a
Other Type -----------CFR-1 CFR-1 -Caustic Lignite ----HR-5 -HR-25 Comp. R HR-25
a
3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 2.0
Diacel LWL
2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
CFR-1
0.5 3.0 1.0 0.5
HR-5
2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0
1.0 1.0
HR-25
Defoamer added to mix water; half to slurry after mixing.
3-48
January 1996
Refractory Cements
Description and Primary Function: Refractory cement (Ciment Fondu made in France by the Lafarge Cement Company) is a high calcium aluminate cement which is resistant to high temperatures (2,000F). It is primarily used in fireflood and thermal recovery wells. Secondary Effects: It achieves strength rapidly. Interaction with Other Additives: Forty to 100% silica flour is used as a filler. Retard the slurry with HR-4 or HR-12. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting cement in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Flush exposed areas with water. Properties: Additive: Ciment Fondu Part No.: none Specific Gravity: 3.23 Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: 94-lb sk Bulk Density: 90 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 4.5 gal/sk Absolute Volume: 0.0375 gal/lb Solubility in Water: @ 20C, insoluble Odor: none Flash Point: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 40F to 170F (4C to 77C) Special Information: Usage Restrictions: Behavior of these cements with and without retarder is erratic. Tests should first be conducted with the materials used on the specific job. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases thickening time increases early strength and final strength 3-49
January 1996
Silicalite
Description and Primary Function: Silicalite is a high surface area silica used in a variety of applications. It can be used as an extender for lightweight cement, a compressive strength enhancer, thixotropic additive, and in gas migration control. It was originally developed to provide a lightweight cement composition with optimum compressive strength development. Secondary Effects: It is a low-temperature accelerator and provides minor fluid-loss control. It viscosifies compositions. Interaction with Other Additives: Silicalite is compatible with most additives. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes. Avoid inhaling the dust. Wash affected area with plenty of water. Wear particle masks and eye protection. Properties: Additive: Silicalite Part No.: See following physical property page Form: powder or liquid Color: gray How Packaged: 50-lb bag or bulk Bulk Density: varies Water Requirement: varies Absolute Volume: 0.0476 gal/lb Solubility in Water: @ 20C, insoluble Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 60F to 350F (16C to 175C) Concentration: For lightweight cement, the normal concentration range is 18.5 lb Silicalite, 18.5 lb POZMIX A, and 47 lb cement (1:1:2.54)
3-50
January 1996
Cementing Technology Manual Silicalite Physical Properties

Part No.: 516.00445, 50-lb sk Specific Gravity: 2.52 Absolute Volume: 0.0476 gal/lb Bulk Density: 18 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: 0.40 gal/lb
Silicalite Blend
50:50 POZMIX: Silicalite Part No.: 516.00443, bulk Specific Gravity: 2.49 Absolute Volume: 0.0482 gal/lb Bulk Density: 35 lb/cu ft
Compacted Silicalite
Part No.: 516.00444, 50-lb sk Part No.: 516.00442, bulk Specific Gravity: 2.52 Absolute Volume: 0.0476 gal/lb Bulk Density: 44 lb/cu ft Compacted Silicalite does not have the same performance properties (i.e., viscosity, thixotropy) as the regular powdered or liquid material. The designs using compacted material should be tested in the laboratory before use to ensure the necessary properties can be achieved.
Liquid Silicalite
Part No.: 516.00514, bulk Activity: 50% Density: 11.6 lb/gal
January 1996
3-51
Table 3-33: Compressive Strength Development of Blends Containing POZMIX :Silicalite:Cement

Silicalite Base: 1:1:2.54 POZMIX:Siliccalite:Cement (84-lb sk) Slurry Density lb/gal Slurry Volume ft /sk
3
Water gal/sk
Additive % by wt Cement Type
Compressive Strength (psi) 24 hr 72 hr
60F (Atmospheric) 12.0 12.5 1.97 1.74 11.19 9.42 4% CaCl 2 4% CaCl 2 0.5% CFR-2 80F (Atmospheric) 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.3 12.6 12.0 12.1 12.4 2.71 2.29 1.97 1.83 1.70 1.97 1.92 1.78 16.72 13.52 11.19 10.08 9.18 11.19 10.80 9.74 None None 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl 2 0.5% CaCl 2 0.5% CaCl 2 Standard Standard Standard Standard Standard Premium Plus Premium Plus Premium Plus 30 80 180 285 360 170 240 350 95 195 ---455 700 960 Standard Standard 60 115 130 300
90F (Atmospheric) 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.75 11.75 11.75 2.29 2.24 2.29 2.40 2.12 2.12 2.24 13.52 13.52 13.52 14.20 12.27 12.27 13.10 None 0.5% CaCl 2 1.0% CaCl 2 5.0% Salt 0.5% CaCl 2 1.0% CaCl 2 5.0% Salt Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) Premium (4.3) -------295 320 420 515 300 370 680
95F (Atmospheric) 12.0 12.2 12.4 12.0 1.97 1.87 1.78 1.97 11.19 10.43 9.74 11.19 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl 2 1% CaCl2 Standard Standard Standard Premium Plus ----1,585 1,735 1,525 1,520
3-52
January 1996
Table 3-33: Compressive Strength Development of Blends Containing POZMIX :Silicalite:Cement (cont.)
Silicalite Base: 1:1:2.54 POZMIX:Silicalite:Cement (84-lb sk) Slurry Density lb/gal Slurry Volume ft /sk
3
Water gal/sk
Additive % by wt Cement Type
Compressive Strength (psi) 24 hr 72 hr
100F (Atmospheric) 11.0 12.0 13.7 2.71 1.97 1.35 16.72 11.19 6.52 None None 0.75% CFR-2, 2% CaCl 2 140F (Atmospheric) 10.0 11.0 12.0 12.5 11.5 4.34 2.71 1.97 1.74 2.40 28.88 16.72 11.19 9.42 14.20 4% Gel 2% Gel None 0.5% CFR-2 5% Salt 150F (Atmospheric) 11.5 12.0 2.29 1.97 13.52 11.19 None None 230F (3,000 psi) 12.0 12.5 13.7 1.97 1.74 1.35 16.72 9.42 6.52 None 0.5% CFR-2 0.75% CFR-2, 2% CaCl 2 Standard Standard Standard 2,380 2,750 5,265 1,960 2,825 5,600 Premium Plus Premium Plus 580 900 675 1,010 Standard Standard Standard Standard Premium 160 1,115 1,290 1,825 825 200 1,440 1,455 2,335 -Premium Plus Premium Plus Standard 60 135 1,835 330 925 4,615
January 1996
3-53

Table 3-34: Compressive Strengths with Silicalite
Slurry Density Water gal/sk Slurry Yield ft /sk
3
Compressive Strength 8 hr 24 hr
Composition
lb/gal 40F (Atmospheric)
Standard Cement + 2% CaCl 2 + 10% Silicalite Premium Plus Cement + 2% CaCl2 + 10% Silicalite Standard Cement + 2%CaCl 2
14.9 15.0 15.6
6.58 6.42 5.20
1.42 1.40 1.18
-25 --
450 550 615
60F (Atmospheric) Standard Cement + 2% CaCl2 + 10% Silicalite Premium Plus Cement + 2% CaCl 2 + 10% Silicalite Standard Cement + 0.5% CFR-2 + 10% Silicalite Standard Cement + 3% CaCl 2 14.9 15.0 15.8 15.6 6.58 6.42 5.30 5.20 1.42 1.40 1.25 1.18 610 775 -950 1,975 2,065 2,140 2,735
3-54
January 1996

Table 3-35: Silicalite Fluid-Loss Data
Slurry Density Composition lb/gal Slurry Volume ft /sk
3
Water gal/sk 125F
Atmospheric Consistometer (Bc) init 20 min
Fluid Loss 1,000 psi 325 ms cc/30 min
Standard Cement Standard Cement + 0.7% CFR-3 + 6% Silicalite Standard Cement +1.0% CFR-3 + 9% Silicalite
15.6 15.7 15.8
5.2 5.3 5.27 150F
1.18 1.22 1.24
18 3 4
18 8 8
1,500 480 257
Standard Cement + 10% Silicalite Standard Cement +1.4% CFR-3 + 10% Silicalite
14.9 15.8
6.58 5.30
1.42 1.25
13 3
22 5
355 165
Table 3-36: Silicalite (11.6 lb/gal) Addition Levels

50% Active 1 Silicalite Liquid % bwoc (94 lb) 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 2 Silicalite Liquid lb/sk 4.7 9.4 14.1 18.8 23.5 28.2 32.9 37.6 42.3 3 Silicalite Liquid gal/sk 0.41 0.81 1.22 1.62 2.03 2.43 2.84 3.20 3.65 4 Water Content gal of Column 3 0.28 0.56 0.85 1.13 1.41 1.69 1.97 2.26 2.54
January 1996
3-55
Table 3-37: Lightweight Composition Containing Silicalite and POZMIX

Base Composition: 18.5 lb POZMIX:47 lb Cement Silicalite Liquid gal/sk 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19
a a a
Water gal/sk 18.75 14.14 10.98 8.68 6.94 5.56

a
Slurry Weight lb/gal 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0
Slurry Volume
3
ft /sk 3.29 2.68 2.25 1.95 1.70 1.53
Water and Liquid Silicalite based on 65.5 lb.
NOTE: All other additives will be based on 84 lb except KCl and salt, which will be based on total weight of water.
Table 3-38: Cementing Compositions Containing Silicalite Liquid

Premium Cement POZMIX A Silicalite Liquid Slurry Weight lb/gal 11.5 11.5 12.5 12.5
a
47.0 lb 18.5 lb 3.19 gal/sk Water gal/sk 11.75 10.98 7.48 6.94 Volume
3
Salt %a 5.0 -5.0 --
CaCl %a -1.0 -1.0
Compressive Strength 72 hr (psi)

2
ft /sk 2.38 2.26 1.81 1.71
95F - Atm. 716 796 1,515 1,640
115F - 3,000 psi 698 1,600 1,225 2,570
Based on 84 lb.
3-56
January 1996
Table 3-39: Compressive Strength Development with Silicalite Liquid

Slurry Weight lb/gal 11.5 11.5 12.5 12.5 Water gal/sk 17.51 16.75 11.52 10.92 Liquid Slurry Volume Silicalite ft /sk 3.38 3.25 2.58 2.47
3
Salt % 5.0 -5.0 --
CaCl 2 % -2.0 -2.0
Compressive Strength 72 hr (psi) 95F - Atm. 115F - 3,000 psi 765 969 1,345 1,763 709 1,366 1,123 2,154
gal/sk 3.65 3.65 3.65 3.65
January 1996
3-57

Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases thickening time increases viscosity, thickening time, and early strength
THIX-SET A
Description and Primary Function: THIX-SET is a thixotropic cement consisting of cement, THIX-SET Component A, THIX-SET Component B, and mixing water. It is used primarily for cementing in shallow applications, for remedial work, and for cementing in areas of lost returns. Secondary Effects: THIX-SET is designed to gel after 5 minutes of static time and still be moved if required. Interaction with Other Additives: HR-12 and dispersants should not be used with THIX-SET because they destroy its thixotropic properties. At temperatures higher than 160F, HR-4 should be used. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in the eyes and inhaling the dust. Wash affected areas with plenty of water. Properties: Additive: Component A; Component B Part No.: 70.15347; 70.15299 Specific Gravity: 1.97; 1.37 Form: granules; powder Color: pale yellow; white How Packaged: 50 lb; 50 lb Bulk Density: 68.5; 36.5 lb/cu ft Absolute Volume: 0.0609; 0.0876 gal/lb Odor: acidic Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 60F to 320F (16C to 160C) Concentration: 94 lb cement, 0.5 to 1% Component A, 0.2 to 5% Component B mixed from 12 to 15.6 lb/ gal. Special Information: Usage Restrictions: For best results, the slurry weight should range from 14 to 15.6 lb/gal.
3-58
January 1996
All tables are based on premium cement, 1.0% THIX-SET Component A, and 0.25% THIX-SET Component B.
Table 3-40: Slurry Properties of THIX-SET

Water Required gal/sk 5.2 7.7 10.1 13.8 L/sk 19.7 29.1 38.2 52.2 Slurry Weight lb/gal 15.6 14.0 13.0 12.0 kg/L 1.87 1.68 1.56 1.44
3
Slurry Volume ft /sk 1.18 1.51 1.83 2.33 ft /sk 0.033 0.043 0.052 0.066
3
January 1996
3-59
3-60
Table 3-41: Compressive Strength of THIX-SET

Compressive Strength After Curing for: 8 hr psi
a a
Temperature lb/gal 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6 14.0 13.0 12.0 15.6 15.6 15.6 14.0 13.0 12.0 1.44 2.33 0.066 20 (340) 1.56 1.83 0.052 280 (485) 1.68 1.51 0.043 375 (680) 1.87 1.18 0.033 2,235 15.41 2.59 (4.69) 1.93 (3.34) 0.14 (0.23) 1.87 1.18 0.033 1,485 10.24 1.87 1.18 0.033 295 2.03 2,440 2,545 3,650 770 (1,030) 555 (570) 590 (560) 1.44 2.33 0.066 ( 60)
a
Water Required 24 hr mPa 65 300 430 785 1,520 (2,125) 580 (725) 410 (360) 305 (330) 5.41 10.48 (14.65) 4.00 (5.00) 2.83 (2.48) 2.10 (2.28) 16.82 17.55 25.17 5.31 (7.10) 3.83 (3.93) 4.07 (3.86) 2.97 2.07 1,580 2,000 2,275 ----------0.45 925 psi mPa psi mPa 6.38 10.89 13.79 15.69 ----------72 hr kg/L 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.68 1.56 (0.41)
a
Slurry Weight ft /sk 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.51 1.83 0.052 (145)
a 3
Slurry Volume m /sk 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.043 (1.00)
a a a a a 3
Section 3
gal/sk
L/sk
Special Cements
60
15.6
5.2
19.7
70
21
5.2
19.7
80 35 89 (1,075) (155)
a
27 0.24 0.59 (7.41) (1.07)

a
5.2
19.7
90
32
5.2
19.7
100
38
5.2
19.7
100
38
7.7
29.1
100
38
10.1
38.2
100
38
13.8
52.2
100
43
5.2
19.7
140
60
5.2
19.7
200
93
5.2
19.7
200
93
7.7
29.1
200
93
10.1
38.2
200
93
13.8
52.2
NOTE: Data in ( ) are with 2% CaCl2
Set -- No measurable strength
Curing Pressure: 1,600 psi (11.03 mPa)
January 1996
Curing Pressure: 3,000 psi (20.68 mPa)
Table 3-42: Results of Pressure Temperature Thickening-Time Tests

Amount of Additive Additive CaCl 2 __ __ __ HR-4 __ HR-4 HR-4 HR-4 HR-4 HR-4 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.40 0.60 0.20 % 2.0 API Schedule Casing Squeezing Squeezing Casing Casing Squeezing Squeezing Squeezing Casing Liner Liner Bottomhole Temperature Schedule Depth ft 2,000 2,000 4,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 12,000 14,000 14,000 m 610 610 1,220 2,440 2,440 2,440 2,440 3,660 3,660 4,270 4,270 Circulating F 91 98 116 125 125 159 159 159 172 206 206 C 33 37 47 52 52 71 71 71 78 97 97 F 110 110 140 200 200 200 200 200 260 290 290 Static C 43 43 60 93 93 93 93 93 127 143 143 Thickening Time hr:min 1:12 2:56 2:35 2:41 2:59 1:22 2:20 3:30+ 2:52 2:57 4:12
Table 3-43: Results of Fluid-Loss Tests

Premium Cement Screen: 325 mesh Pressure: 1,000 psi (6.90 mPa) Temperature: 100F (38C) Slurry Weight: 15.6 lb/gal (1.87 kg/L) Amount of Additive Additive -HR-4 HR-4 CaCl % -0.30 0.40 2.0 Water Required gal/sk 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 L/sk 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7
3
Slurry Volume ft /sk 1.18 1.18 1.18 1.18 m /sk 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033
3
Fluid Loss cc/30 min 114 179 173 147
January 1996
3-61

Table 3-44: Properties of Example Slurries
Premium Cement
Slurry Number 1 2
SSA-1 % 35 -
SSA-2 % 35
HR -4 % 0.6 0.5
Water Required gal/sk 6.51 6.51 L/sk 24.6 24.6
Slurry Weight lb/gal 15.6 15.6 kg/L 1.87 1.87
Slurry Volume ft /sk 1.55 1.55

3
m /sk 0.044 0.044
Compressive Strength at Curing Pressure of 3,000 psi (20.68 mPa) and Temperature of: 260F (127C) After 8 hr Number 1 2 psi 1,125 780 mPa 7.76 5.38 After 24 hr psi 2,025 705 mPa 13.96 4.86 After 8 hr psi 1,030 630 mPa 7.10 4.34 psi 5,475 1,630 320F (160C) After 24 hr mPa 37.75 11.24
3-62
January 1996
THIX-SET 31A
Description and Primary Function: THIX-SET 31 is a two-component system comprised of THIX-SET 31A and THIX-SET 31B (or Diacel LWL). This thixotropic additive system can be used for conventional thixotropic applications, such as lost circulation and squeezing, and it can be used to combat annular fluid migration problems. Secondary Effects: Because of thixotropic nature, static shutdown times should be avoided. Interaction with Other Additives: It cannot be used with a dispersant. If retarded with HR-type retarders, additional THIX-SET 31A must be used. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in eyes and inhaling the dust. Wash affected areas with plenty of water. Properties: Additive: THIX-SET 31A Part No.: 516.00151 Specific Gravity: 1.45 Form: powder Color: white How Packaged: 50 lb Bulk Density: 66 Water Requirement: varies Absolute Volume: 0.0828 Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 80F to 400F (27C to 204C) Concentration: 0.3 to 1.0% bwoc; Diacel LWL - 0.2 to 0.5% Special Information: Usage Restrictions: Density ranges of 12 to 16.5 lb/ gal. Use Diacel LWL at elevated temperatures.
January 1996
3-63
THIX-SET 31B
Description and Primary Function: THIX-SET 31 is a two-component system comprised of THIX-SET 31A and THIX-SET 31B (or Diacel LWL). This thixotropic additive system can be used for conventional thixotropic applications, such as lost circulation and squeezing, and it can be used to combat annular fluid migration problems. Secondary Effects: Because of thixotropic nature, static shutdown times should be avoided. Interaction with Other Additives: It cannot be used with a dispersant. If retarded with HR-type retarders, additional THIX-SET 31B must be used. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in eyes and inhaling the dust. Wash affected areas with plenty of water. Properties: Additive: THIX-SET 31B Part No.: 516.00152 Specific Gravity: 1.37 Form: powder Color: white How Packaged: 50 lb Bulk Density: 32 lb/cu ft Water Requirement: varies Absolute Volume: 0.0876 gal/lb Odor: none Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 80F to 400F (27C to 204C) Concentration: 0.2 to 0.4%; Diacel LWL - 0.2 to 0.5% Special Information: Usage Restrictions: Density ranges of 12 to 16.5 lb/ gal. Use Diacel LWL at elevated temperatures.
3-64
January 1996

Table 3-45: Typical Cement Slurry Compositions
Compressive Strengths Density lb/gal Water gal/sk THIX-SET 31A % Depth ft BHCT F Thickening Curing Temp Time Strength Time hr:min F hr psi Fluid Loss cc/30 min
Premium + 3% KCl + 0.25% THIX-SET 31B 15.6 5.2 0.5 -91 3:40 112 24 1,655 42
Premium + 0.3% THIX-SET 31B 14.8 6.3 0.6 -90 4:00+ 110 24 900 --
Premium Plus + 40% SSA-2 + 0.4% Diacel LWL + 0.5% HR -4 + 0.5% Component R 15.8 5.0 0.5 11,300 202 4:47 280 12 24 200 12 24 150 12 24 600 2,000 1,400 2,600 500 2,100 --
65% Premium + 35% POZMIX + 17.5% SSA-1 + 0.5% THIX-SET 31B + 0.8% HR-4 + 0.8% Component R 13.4 9.0 1.0 21,300 298 5:54 320 24 48 72 150 24 48 72 Premium + 0.4% Diacel LWL + 1.2% HR-4 + 1.2% Component R 15.8 5.0 0.5 -300 6:00+ 300 12 24 250 12 24 200 12 24 150 12 350 1,500 2,000 2,100 1,000 1,500 900 -600 1,000 1,700 400 500 700 --
January 1996
3-65
THIXOMIX Cement
Description and Primary Function: THIXOMIX is a thixotropic cement consisting of cement, salt, sodium hydroxide, INJECTROL A, and mixing fluid. It is used in combating lost circulation and squeezing highly fractured or vugular zones. Because it gels rapidly, THIXOMIX can usually achieve results where other slurries have failed. Secondary Effects: The mixing tank must be clean, and the water pH must be 7.0. In mixing the slurry, the salt should be added to the mixing water to prevent high mixing viscosity. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in eyes and inhaling the dust. Wash the affected areas with plenty of water Properties: Additive: THIXOMIX Cement Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: bulk blended Water Requirement: varies Solubility in Water: @ 20C, insoluble Normal Range of Use in Wells:: Temperature: 50F to 120F (10C to 49C) Concentration: Mix at 12.5 to 14.0 lb/gal Formulation: 94 lb cement, 2 to 18% salt (bwow), 1 to 1.5 lb caustic/gal INJECTROL A. Mixing fluid: 80 parts water, 20 parts INJECTROL A. Special Information: Usage Restrictions: To avoid premature gelling, the THIXOMIX slurry must be kept in motion until it has been pumped to the necessary depths. Effect on Slurry Properties: 1. 2. decreases density, thickening time, and strength increases viscosity and water for mixing
3-66
January 1996

Mixing Fluid gal Salt - 2 % bwow (total) 14.0 10.9 8.8 53.0 41.3 33.3 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 2.36 1.95 1.66 L Slurry Weight lb/gal kg/L
3
Slurry Volume ft /sk m /sk

3
0.067 0.055 0.047
Salt - 18 % bwow (total) 16.8 12.6 9.7 63.6 47.7 36.7 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 2.85 2.24 1.84 0.081 0.063 0.052
Table 3-47: Results of Thickening-Time Tests with Halliburton Consistometer

Slurry Weight lb/gal 12.50 12.50 13.25 13.25 14.00 14.00 kg/L 1.50 1.50 1.59 1.59 1.68 1.68 Amount of Sodium Hydroxide In Solution lb/gal 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 kg/L 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.12 Thickening Time hr:min 2% Salt bwow 0:23 6:00+ 0:34 6:00+ 0:21 5:02 18% Salt bwow 6:00+ 6:00+ 6:00+ -
January 1996
3-67

Table 3-48: Thixotropic Properties
NOTE: Slurries were pumped 1 hour on the Halliburton Consistometer then allowed to remain static for indicated periods of time. Pumping was then resumed and continued for a total time of 2 hours. Slurry Weight: 14 lb/gal (1.68 kg/L) Amount of Salt: 2% by weight of water Static Period After 1 Hour Pumping 5 min 10 min 20 min 30 min Viscosity (Bc) Immediately after Static Period and at End of Test Period 80F (27C) Initial 16 23 100+ 100+ 2 hr 8 6 6 5 140F (60C) Initial 21 37 100 100+ 2 hr 16 18 27
b
180F (82C) Initial 85 55 96 100+ 2 hr 26 18 20 22
200F (93C) Initial 100+ 100+ 2 hr 28

a
Slurry could not be pumped after static period. Slurry had hardened around the paddle.
3-68
January 1996
Table 3-49: Compressive Strength of THIXOMIX Cement

Sodium Hydroxide: 1 lb/gal of INJECTROL A Mixing fluid: 80 parts water to 20 parts INJECTROL A Compressive Strength Slurry Weight lb/gal kg/L 100F a (38C) psi mPa 140F a (60C) psi mPa 200F (93C) psi mPa 230F (110C) psi mPa 260F (127C) psi mPa 290F (143C) psi mPa
Salt - 2 % bwow After Curing for 1 Day 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 125 90 105 8.62 6.21 7.24 180 145 180 1.24 1.00 1.24 85 115 175 0.59 0.79 1.21 170 185 675 1.17 1.28 4.65 205 235 705 1.41 1.62 4.86 120 155 285 0.83 1.07 1.97
After Curing for 7 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 100 195 190 6.89 1.34 1.31 145 255 270 1.00 1.76 1.86 160 230 275 1.10 1.59 1.90 425 475 795 2.93 3.28 5.48 60 75 250 0.41 0.52 1.72 30 70 150 0.21 0.48 1.03
After Curing for 14 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 200 265 4.85 1.38 1.83 3.34 215 350 560 1.48 2.41 3.86 335 315 500 2.31 2.17 3.45 225 310 330 1.55 2.14 2.28 70 115 225 0.48 0.79 1.55 15 50 150 0.10 0.35 1.03
After Curing for 28 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 155 275 550 1.07 1.90 3.79 205 335 610 1.41 2.31 4.21 345 200 540 2.38 1.38 3.72 170 150 205 1.17 1.03 1.41 45 90 185 0.31 0.52 1.28 N.S. 65 180 N.S. 0.45 1.24
Salt - 18 % bwow After Curing for 1 Day 12.50 13.25 14.00

a
1.50 1.59 1.68
35 45 60
0.24 0.31 0.41
55 80 145
0.38 0.55 1.00
50 85 105
0.35 0.59 0.72
85 125 215
0.59 0.86 1.48
115 170 285
0.79 1.17 1.97
75 115 180
0.52 0.79 1.24
Cured at atmospheric pressure.
N.S. Not Set.
January 1996
3-69
Table 3-49: Compressive Strength of THIXOMIX Cement (cont.)

Sodium Hydroxide: 1 lb/gal of INJECTROL A Mixing fluid: 80 parts water to 20 parts INJECTROL A Compressive Strength Slurry Weight lb/gal kg/L 100F a (38C) psi mPa 140F a (60C) psi mPa 200F (93C) psi mPa 230F (110C) psi mPa 260F (127C) psi mPa 290F (143C) psi mPa
Salt - 18 % bwow After Curing for 7 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.57 35 80 295 0.24 0.55 1.41 60 120 259 0.41 0.83 1.63 95 180 269 0.56 1.24 1.75 95 265 525 0.56 1.83 3.62 30 65 195 0.21 0.45 1.34 25 45 135 0.17 0.31 0.93
After Curing for 14 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00 1.50 1.59 1.68 80 165 335 0.55 1.14 2.31 100 185 305 0.69 1.28 2.10 125 205 410 0.96 1.41 2.83 145 250 345 1.00 1.72 2.38 45 80 190 0.31 0.55 1.31 2 15 100 0.01 0.10 0.69
After Curing for 28 Days 12.50 13.25 14.00

a
1.50 1.59 1.68
80 165 400
0.55 1.14 2.76
80 185 350
0.55 1.28 2.41
105 205 480
0.72 1.41 3.31
125 250 375
0.86 1.72 2.59
20 80 195
0.14 0.55 1.34
N.S. 15 105
N.S. 0.10 0.72
Cured at atmospheric pressure.
N.S. Not Set. Reference Cementing Field Bulletin No. 41.
3-70
January 1996
MY-T-LITE 1200
Description and Primary Function: MY-T-LITE 1200 is a blend of cement, SPHERELITE, and Silicalite. The system is designed as a low-cost, lightweight cement that can be used to prevent lost circulation, provide optimum compressive strength, and aid in controlling fluid migration. Interaction with Other Additives: Use dispersants with caution. Safety and Handling Procedures: Avoid getting it in eyes and inhaling the dust. Wear protective gear. Wash the affected areas with plenty of water Properties: Additive: MY-T-LITE 1200 Form: powder Color: gray How Packaged: bulk blended Normal Range of Use in Wells: Temperature: 130F to 200F (54C to 93C)
January 1996
3-71

Table 3-50: MY-T-LITE 1200
Slurry Properties Hydraulic Pressure 0 psi 2,000 psi 10.40 12.00 2.55 nil
Density Water Ratio Yield API Free Water
lb/gal gal/sk (100 lb) ft /sk %

3
10.00 12.00 2.68 nil
Fluid Loss, Thickening Time, and Rheology Additives % HR-5 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 HALAD -344 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 Test Temperature F 131 158 176 158 185 180 194 194 Fluid Loss ND ND ND 126 146 94 ND ND Compressive Strengths Additives % HR-5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7
a
Thickening Time hr:min 3:00 3:30 3:30 5:00 4:00 ND 3:45 5:30 n' 0.4775 0.3267 ND 0.8543 0.8860 0.8972 0.5639 ND K'
a
0.0186 0.454 ND 0.0018 0.0011 0.0013 0.047 ND
Temperature F 86 95 131 158 185 104
Set Time b hr:min 12:16 7:37 8:53 5:45 4:11 18:15
Time to 500 psi hr:min 83:00 44:00 23:00 9:19 5:26 52:00
HALAD-344 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.0
lb * sec/ft time to 50 psi
3-72
January 1996
January 1996
3-73

Special Cement

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Special Cement

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual Notes:

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

Table 3-1: Slurry Properties of Delayed-Set Cements

Bentonite % HALAD-9 8 8 6 6 1.0 1.0 -

CFR-2 1.25 1.25

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

HR-7 % 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.25

Fluid Loss cc/30 min 92 92 N.S. N.S.

110F (43C) psi 1,090 1,030 215

125F (52C) psi 1,030 935 420

140F (60C) psi N.S. 860 525

mPa 7.52 7.10 1.48

mPa 7.10 6.45 2.90

mPa N.S. 5.93 3.62

1,325 1.220 1,125

9.14 8.41 7.76

1,410 1,415 1,255

9.72 9.76 8.65

N.S. Not Set

Not set after 4 days Strength after 7 days

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

Table 3-4: Properties - EPSEAL Sealant Components

Identification EPSEAL & Properties R

Accelerator EPSEAL C-1

Silica Flour SSA-1

10-gal can 100-lb sack lb lb

70 lb/cu ft 70 lb/cu ft 1,121 kg/m3 1,121 kg/m 3 insoluble insoluble -

Sol. in H2O Pour Point

none -25F (-32C)

315F COC (157C)

315F COC (157C)

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual

Cementing Technology Manual Cal-Seal and Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Blends Cal-Seal

Section 3 Special Cements

Factors Affecting the Setting Time

Section 3 Special Cements

Cementing Technology Manual

Cal-Seal-Portland Cement Mixtures

Cal-Seal Cement Mixtures with Sodium Chloride Accelerator

Cementing Technology Manual

Section 3 Special Cements

Bonding Strength - psi (mPa) of Bonding Area

Compressive Strength - psi (mPa)

4.5 17.0 0.35 0.40

5.0 18.9 0.45

5.5 20.8 0.50

gal water/sk L water/sk

Water/Cal-Seal Ratio (lb water/lb Cal-Seal)

Section 3 Special Cements