ANALYSIS OF THE GATED IMPULSIVE NOISE IN

OPTIMUM RECEIVERS
vio da Rocha Arajo, Wamberto Jos de Lira Queiroz
Marcelo Sampaio de Alencar
Institute for Advanced Studies in Communications
V International Workshop on Telecommunications - IWT 2013
Outline
Introduction
Classication of the Impulsive Noise
Multilevel Gated Impulsive Noise (GAWGN)
Model
Equations
Bit Error Probability
Results
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 1/14
Introduction
Motivation : Digital Television Applications
Model the impulsive noise
Analyze its harmful effects
Propose mitigation techniques
Objectives
Propose a mathematical model for the mutilevel gated impulsive
noise, using AWGN
Determine the bit error probability for digital communication
systems
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 2/14
Classication of the Impulsive Noise
Number of pulses
Simple or Gated AWGN (GAWGN)
Burst or Gated-Gated AWGN (G
2
AWGN)
Number of sources
Pure
Composed
Number of levels
Binary
Multilevel
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 3/14
Gated Additive White Gaussian Noise (GAWGN)
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 4/14
Gated-Gated Additive White Gaussian Noise
(G
2
AWGN)
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 5/14
Multilevel Gated Impulsive Noise (GAWGN)
Mathematical Model
(t ) =
g
(t ) + c(t )
i
(t )
Impulsive Noise Modulating Function
i
(t )
c(t ) =

k=
m
k
P
R
(t kT)
m
k
= 1, 2, 3...
Pulse Shape
P
R
(t ) =
_
1, T/2 t T/2,
0, caso contrrio
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 6/14
Examples of Waveforms for the Multilevel Gated
AWGN Noise
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 7/14
Simulink Diagram of the Circuit to Generate the
Multilevel GAWGN
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 8/14
Probability Density Functions
f
c(t )
(c) =

k
p
c(t )
(c
k
)(c c
k
)
f
(t )
() = p
0
f
c
0
() + p
1
f
c
1
() + ... + p
n
f
c
n
()
f
c
k
() =
1
_
2(
2
g
+
2
i
c
2
k
)
exp
_

2
2(
2
g
+
2
i
c
2
k
)
_
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 9/14
Bit Error Probability
M-PAM
P
b
=
2
M
(M 1)

k
p
c(t )
(c
k
)Q
_
6 log
2
(M)
g

i
(M
2
1)(
i
+
g
c
2
k
_
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 10/14
Bit Error Probability
M-QAM
P
b
=
1
log
2
(

M)
log
2
(

M)

k
P
b
(k)
P
b
(k) =
2

M
(12
k
)

M1

i =1
_
w(i , k, M)

l
p
c(t )
(c
l
)Q(x)
_
x =

3(2i + 1)
2
log
2
(M)
g

i
(M 1)(
i
+
g
c
2
l
)
w(i , k, M) = (1)

i 2
k
1

_
2
k1

_
i 2
k
1

M
+
1
2
__
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 11/14
64-QAM p
0
= 0.25, p
1
= 0.15, p
2
= 0.20, p
3
= 0.15 e
p
4
= 0.25
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 12/14
Conclusions
The term c(t )
i
(t ) can be seen as the amplitude modulation of

i
(t ) by c(t ), and characterizes the emergence of the noise
i
(t )
at random instants
The bit error probability of the M-QAM signal, corrupted by the
compound noise, was evaluated using the optimum maximum
likelihood receiver
The obtained formulas show that the system performance
depends on a function of the signal to permanent noise and also
depends on the signal to impulsive noise ratio
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 13/14
Acknowledgments
vio Rocha, Wamberto Queiroz Marcelo Alencar (UFCG) Rudo Impulsivo Gatilhado 14/14