FUTURE PERSPECTIVE

OF NURSING
EDUCATION

Mr. Upendra Yadav (M.Sc.)

Department of Child Health
Nursing
COLLEGE OF NURSING
BPKIHS, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
1
 INTRODUCTION

 At the dawn of the 21st century and the

long-awaited new millennium, nurse
educators face a rapidly changing to
health care landscape, shifting student
and patient demographics, an explosion
of technology, and the globalization of
health care, in addition to a myriad of
everyday challenging.
2
 Continued…
 As we position ourselves to meet
today’s a challenged and tomorrow’s,
we must understand the drivers
affecting nursing.
 Education is one of the main priorities
of a truly democratic society.
 Pattern of education in nursing is
more or less similar to that of the
allied professional.
3
Continued…
 The role of nursing has taken a
new meaning with the launch of
HFA 2000 Ad.
 After a decade of unprecedented
change in both health care higher
education and predictions of more
to come in the future, we are now
here.
4
 Continued…
 We lead to new millennium with a lock
at nursing and nursing education if
the midst of this revolution Carol
Lindeman (Dean, Emeritus of Oregon
Health Sciences University School of
Nursing) examines the market driven
economy of health care and layout a
clear agenda for nursing education.
5
MAJOR DEFICIENCIES IN
NURSING EDUCATION
AND TRAINING.
 Lack of good standard training
schools and colleges.
 Lack of in-service, refresher,
correspondence courses.
 Limited facilities for undergoing
higher education in nursing.

6
 Continued…
 Variation in nursing training course
syllabi within the state as well as
among different state of Nepal.
 Facility for undergoing specialty
training in different areas such as
cardio-thoracic nursing, emergency
nursing, Paediatric nursing, etc. at
present the opportunities and
facilities are very limited. 7
Continued…
 There is a great need to prepare
nurse educators. At present
there is insufficient number of
trainers.
 Rigid curriculum and lack of
teaching material in terms of
books and journals, etc.

8
Continued…
 Lack of or limited opportunities
for continuing education in
nursing and in-service education.
 Lack of separate directorate.
 No nurse leader in parliament

9
 FACTORS AFFECTING
NURSING EDUCATION
 During 20th century, society
examined tremendous change
nursing as a part of that society
has also experience enormous
change.
 A number of factors influenced
nursing education are given below;

10
Societal Challenges

 Demographic changes
 Environmental deterioration
 Unhealthy lifestyle and resulting
illnesses
 Continuing need for cost
containment.
 Regulation of health care

11
 Emerging Health Care
System
Characteristic of the Emerging health
care system are as follows:
 Orientation toward health:

Greater emphasis on Prevention and

wellness; greater expectation for
individual responsibility for healthy
behavior.

12
 Continued…
 Population Perspective: New
attention to risk factors affecting
substantial segments of the
community, including issue of access
and the physical and social
environment.
 Intensive unit of Information:
Reliance on information system to
provide complete, easily assimilated 13
 Continued…
 Knowledge of Treatment Outcomes:
Emphasis on the determination of the
most effective treatment under different
conditions and the dissemination of this
information to those involved in
treatment decision.
 Constrained Resources: A pervasive
concern over increasing costs, coupled
with expanded use of mechanisms to 14
 Continued…
 Coordination of services:
Increased integration of providers with
a concomitant emphasis on terms to
improve efficiency and effectiveness
across all settings.
 Expectations of Accountability:
Growing security by a larger variety of
payers, consumers and regulators,
coupled with more formally defined 15
 Continued…
 Growing Interdependence: Further
integration of domestic issues of
health, education and public safety,
combined with a growing awareness of
the importance of community health
care in global context.

16
Competencies of Health
Professional for Future
 Care for the community’s health
 Provide contemporary clinical care
 Participate in the emerging
systems and accommodate
expanded accountability.

17
Continued…
 Ensure cost-effective care and use
technology, appropriately.
 Practice prevention and promote
health lifestyles.
 Involve patients and families in
decision making process
 Manage information and continue
to learn.

18
 Continued…
National Accreditation of
Nursing Programme:
 The accreditation of programme has
a noticeable effect on standards of
nursing education.
 As a result of accreditation activities,
schools were forced to look at the
education preparation of faculty the
work load of faculty and students,
the structure of clinical team
withdrawal rates and the state board 19
Continued…
Changes in nursing services:
 The advancement in medical

technology and health related

fields changed in expected of
nurse professional in the practice
setting.
 The nurse professional need for

competent a efficient to meet

these expectations.
20
 Continued…
 The demands of health care
consumers also changed due to the
increased awareness related to
health.
 As a result today, the nurse
professional assume more
responsibilities in health care ever
before. She works as direct care
provider, change agent, educator, 21
VISION FOR THE
FUTURE

“Today’s Nursing Education: Vision

for the Future” highlighted the
major issues using a phenomenic
word- “IMPOSSIBLE”.

22
Continued…
 I - Infrastructure- poor classroom.
Labs and hostel.
 M - Manpower Shortage in quality
and quantity, hierarchy.
 P - Poor practical training field-
clinical field, equipments,
community, staff.
 0 - over weighted curriculum- In
no. of courses and hours.
23
Continued…
 S -Selected of students-external
pressure to sacrifice merit.
 S - Student status- External
pressure to sacrifice merit.
 I -Improvement of faculty- lack of
opportunities for deputation for
conferences and workshop

24
Continued…
 B - Budgetary limitation
 L -Library Facilities- books,
journals, Internet access.
 E - Educational freedom- Lack of
autonomy, Rigidity

25
 IN SHORT, THE MAJOR
CHALLENGES FOR NURSING
EDUCATION WILL BE
 To respond to societal changes rapidly
with appropriate curricular
modification.
 To provide a steady supply of well
prepared graduates in the face of an
aged faculty.
 Rapidly changing technology,
increasing cultural diversity of students
and patients and lack of health and 26
 Continued…
 Nursing theories continue the
influence nursing and nursing
education, nursing theories assists
to building a body of nursing
knowledge and describing a defining
nursing practice.

27
GLOBALLY CHANGING
HEALTH CARE
SCENARIO AND THE
FUTURE OF NURSING
EDUCATION:
Implications For
Nursing Education In
28
Continued…
 The challenge in nursing education
today is to design curricula that
will address the health care needs
of the future.
 Designing such curricula is difficult
role of the rapidly changing health
care environment in which we live.

29
Continued…
 Nurse educators face a change:
restructuring nursing education to
prepare graduates to work in the
21st century.

30
BREAK THROUGHS IN NURSING
EDUCATION: LOOKING BACK,
LOOKING FORWARD

31
Continued…
 If we look at the changes in
nursing education in the last
quarter century, notes some of the
trends currently shaping health
care delivery and academia, and
discusses some issues likely to
grow in importance in next quarter
century.
32
 TOP 10 CHANGES: LAST
QUARTER CENTURY
 Growth in various technologies has
changed in nature of both cares giving
and teaching/learning, particularly with
regard to how place-bound services
must be.
 Advanced practice nursing has become
established at the masters’ level, with
existing acceptance by the public of
nurse practitioners and growth of 33
 Continued…
 Taxonomies that define nursing
diagnoses (NANDA), Nursing
interventions (NIC), and nursing
outcomes (NOC) now provide the
foundation for the art and science of
nursing.
 Students have become increasingly
diverse in terms of age, race, gender,
learning styles, etc. 34
 Continued…
 Doctoral education in nursing has
become established.
 The research base of nursing has
become visible nationally and
regionally with the establishment of
the National Institute of Nursing
Research and the development of
regional research societies.
35
 Continued…
 The link between nursing education
and nursing service has been
revitalized as nursing schools
increasingly provided community
based services.
 Articulation across levels of nursing
(LPN, ASN, LPN, BSN, RN-BSN, RN-
MSN) is increasingly possible and
user friendly 36
 Continued…
 Accreditation criteria have moved
away from a focus on processes to a
focus on outcomes.
 Nursing’s literature/ infrastructure
has greatly expanded with new
journals, annual reviews, standards
and policy statements (e.g. ANA’s
1980 Nursing, A social Policy
Statement) 37
 FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR
NURSING EDUCATION
 In 1943, three major organization
issued statements and reports about
nursing education for the twenty
first century.
 Their report addressed the new
directional nursing education
needed to take in the future.

38
Continued…
 Although the three organizations
had somewhat different
approaches and strategies
common emphases included the
following eight points.

39
 Continued…
 Schools should recruit diverse students
and facilities that reflect the
multicultural of society
 Curricula and learning activities should
develop student’s critical thinking skills.
 Curricula should emphasize student’s
abilities to communicate, form
interpersonal relationships and make
decisions collaboratively with patients,
their families, interdisciplinary 40
 Continued…
 The number of advanced practice
nurse should be increased and
curricula should emphasize health
promotion and maintenance skills for
all nurses.
 Emphasis should be placed on
community based care, increased
accountability, state the art clinical
skills and increased information 41
 Continued…
 Cost effectiveness of care should be a
focus in nursing curricula.
 Faculty should develop programmes
that facilitate articulation and career
mobility.
 Continuing faculty development
activities should support excellence
in practice, teaching and research.
42
FUTURE DIRECTION IN
NURSING
FROM TO

Sick individual Total population

Curative model Care model.
Cure for few High risk &
Primarily hospital vulnerable.
setting Home, school,
Nursing industry,
Intervention institution setting.
Through task Intervention through43
 From To
Intervention through Group community,
individual to family family, individual
Objective of Nursing Objective as primary
practice as prevention
secondary and
tertiary prevention Health care facilitator
Health care provider role, self care concept
role people participation.
44
 Continued.
Institutional health Primary health care
care. for
Evaluation of care All.
in Evaluation of care on
the basis of cure. the basis of changes
in
behavior and
coverage
45
of population.
 CRUCIAL ISSUES IN
PLANNING NURSING
EDUCATION INCLUDES
 An understanding of the nature of nursing,
which has consequences for the value
placed on different subjects in the
curriculum and how they are taught and
assessed.
 What constitutes nursing knowledge,
whether it comes from a unique discipline,
via the nursing process and models of
nursing or whether it is combination of
knowledge from several disciplines.
46
 An understanding of how best to foster the
 CONCLUSION
 It is clear that nursing education is
about to see the greatest challenge to
both the form and process of preparing
future nurses.
 The nurse educators and nursing
service personnel must be prepared to
change the total configuration of
nursing education to act as agents in
health care. 47
 The future of nursing education
has brought with it many
challenges and opportunities for
the nursing profession

48
 The present health care
environment requires creative
change.
 The students in the future are to
be encouraged to explore the
meaning of “care” for themselves
as nurses and the meaning of
“caring” for the clients who are
experiencing health care. 49
 It is time to refine nursing
education, so that one can ensure
that nurses are adequately and
appropriately prepared for potential
diversity in nursing.
 The nurse educators must be
prepared to change the total
configuration of nursing education
to act as change agents in health 50
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Katherine W. Vestal, Management
concepts for the New Nurse, 19th
edit.1987, J.B.Lippincott Company
Philadelphia, pp 349.
 Janice Rider Ellis,& Celia Love
Hartlay, Nursing in today’s world,
challenges, Issues, and Trends, 7th
edit., Lippincott Philadelphia, New-
York, Baltimore, publication.pp 230- 51
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