Professional Documents
Culture Documents
!
"
#$
Enlace de Datos
802.2 LLC
802.3
802.5
802.11
MAC
MAC
802.11 MAC
PHY
PHY
Subcapa MAC
FHSS
DSSS
PHY
! %
& '(
"
)
& *+,
"
&
%
*/" " ( ) *
'( &
*/" '
.
Sistema
Distribucion
Medio
Estacion
Access
Point
! % (
0
%
&
"
!
&
) &
12$$3
&
)
$
&
)
&
2$$
&
)
%
4/
"
$
5
( ! 6 /"
! 6% 7
$
5
*
Access
Point
! 8% 7
)
)
%
2$$
*
/"
*
/4
5
&9
5 &
) "
"
&9
*
&
* &
4
)
1) ! 83
)
1) / *( +02 63
2$$
&
:
&
5
2$$
1$$3
! ;
8 2$$
.
$$
*
&
&<&
& :
) :
) &
$$
:
'(
/
) "
)
/
&
) "
/
BSS1
AP1
BSS3
BSS2
AP2
BSS4
AP3
AP4
Router
Internet
! ;% (
) :
$$
AP
Bridge
! @% $
& *
& 4
0
* )5
$$
8
)
*
"
A .
) :
&
)
'(
) "
*
) 0
& &
! B
2$$
DS
AP1
AP2
BSS1, ESS1
BSS2, ESS1
t=1
AP3
BSS3, ESS1
t=2
! B% C 2$$
$$
:
*
$$ &
"
/
($'
.&
)5
5
1($'D(.3
5 )
($'D(
5
&
#
! $
! %&
& " &
&
1&
$'3
&
.&
(E
;
Tiempo
Frame
ACK
! F%
Area accesible
por nodo 3
" 6
"
)
&
&
) +.G
* )
5 A
7C$ " (C$
7C$
)
"
&
/
& 7C$
(C$ 7C$
@
RTS
(1) RTS
3
(4) ACK
CTS
(3) Frame
Frame
(2) CTS
ACK
%
' ( )
&
!
(
.
&
1.(!3 )
/
.(!
&
($'D( "
/
)
* )
.(!
5 &<9
C&
.(!
5 (C$D7C$
&&
!
H
5
&
$
& H
&
Transmisor
SIFS
RTS
Frame
t
SIFS
Receptor
SIFS
CTS
ACK
t
NAV (RTS)
NAV
DIFS
NAV(CTS)
Ventana de contencion
H
)
*
" +
)
4
DIFS
PIFS
Busy
SIFS
Ventana de
Contencion
Frame transmission
.....
ranuras
Backoff
frames diferidos
Tiempo
!"#
(E
$
7C$D(C$ "
!"#
&
*4
#
5
&
" .!$
5 $ &
5 $!$ (
$!$ " H
,
"
5 .(! )
&
"
5
"
2$$
%
)
$
4
5
&<9 : )
$
" .!$
5
/ )
$
&
& .!$
$
)
&
!$
$
&
$
.!$ "
&<9 :
7
%
&
) (E
:
$ (E
C
&
(E
6 (
"
0
& &
(E
$
5
H
4
$!$ "
:
% (C$ "
$ :
)
&
*
& 7C$
&
& 7C$D(C$
*
&
&
#
&
&
&
" 4
(E (
)5
(
0
%
"
" & 7C$
))
%
$ & (C$
7C$
$ & (E
$ & &
))
%
$ & (E
& 7C$
$ & &
>
)
?
'(
5
)
:
" / )
- .
/0 &
.
" /
.!$
.!$
)
)
5 "
:
)
/
&<9
)5 "
)5
(
)5
)
)
" 6
A
)
.$$$
31 slots
Intento inicial
Frame
Previo
DIFS
1 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
63 slots
2 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
127 slots
3 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
255 slots
4 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
511 slots
5 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
6 retransmision
Frame
Previo
DIFS
! 6% H
.$$$
)
:
A
/
))
A
)
/" /
/
'(
&
:
)
))
A
:4
: "
(
' !
*
)
)
&
"
&
0
)
A
:
&
C
"
&
8
6
SIFS
Sender
RTS
SIFS
Fragmento 0
CTS
Receiver
Fragmento 1
ACK 0
SIFS
CTS
Fragmento 2
ACK 1
SIFS
RTS
NAV
DIFS
SIFS
ACK2
011011
00
1010 10101010
00
11
Backoff slots
Tiempo
SIFS
Fragmento 0
Fragmento 1
ACK 0
ACK 1
Tiempo
0
&
&
'(
/
0
8
"
"
'(
;
'( (
5
/
" &
)
2
Frame Duration/
Control ID
6
Address 1
6
Address 2
Address 3
Seq
ctl
6
Address 4
02,312
Frame
Body
4
FCS
$ 5
&"
&
)
&%
%
$
& '
7C$ (C$ (E
!
.
&
&
! .$I
! .$I
&
4
C.$I
!
"
!
4/
!
&
&
C.$I
!
&
!
.
&
&
(
$ &
*
& &
*
/
&
) $ /
J*
*
' (
)
+"
"
&
&
6
%
$
& H )
&
&
;
$'
2
8 " &
; C
&
)
6B@
H
7
&
& $
&4
/
*
5
& *
"
5 &
&
&4
$ &
&
*
&
2$$
2$$.
'(
5 & *
7
>
/?
2$$.
&
%
2$$
*
.
*
&
2$$
2$$
2$$
!
5
"
5 6% !
" 2$$. ( "
5 6
5
$
@ &"
5 & "
$
8 &"
"
&"
'(
48F@ 4
5
'( $
)
&) *+,
! &
)
&% *
)
1*(*3
" &
1*'.3%
@
"
& *(*
)
>
?
'( "
&
A
&5
"
&
5
& *'. &
&
&
*(*
&
(( 1( (/
3
'(
A
MAC
PLCP
OSI Layer 1: Physical
PMD
6
!
+
& 6 %
! "4/
4
!+ *+,
.
4$
4
.$ *+,
5 * *+,
FFF ) %
/01233 #
/ ! " .) '
: % #!.' *+,
/01233' +/47
.
$ % +7D.$$$ *+,
&
:4
&
/
)
/
4/
8;K+5
0
!
(
( 1!((3 &
1 (/ $&
3 C
0
&
>
"
? "
&
$'
*
5
(
)
!((
&
& &
"
&
$
$
5
&
$'
C
& "
:
A
&
&
$
$
5
A
&
&
*
) &
$'
&
&
=
"
=
)
17*3 (
=
7* ) =
@
&
1@ I 6 L6 I 3
)
$
$
%
$
&
.
A
& &
*
#
/ ! " .) '
: .)
/ & "
A
&
&
!+$$ .$$$
A
"
" "
8
7! ( )
A
" )4) B
A
% "
A
A
1
3
A
0
) "
& A
0
" & &
& :
& &
5
&
"
0
5
) 4
&
&
"
9
8
7
Frequency
Slot
5
4
3
2
1
0
Time Slot
;
$
!+
&
)
$
"
/
)
&
$'
'+M
8 K+M .
0
BF
=
8
Seal Original
Seal Transmitida
Amplitud
Seal Decodificada
Amplitud
Amplitud
Spreader
Correlacion
Frecuencia
Frecuencia
Frecuencia
! F% C 2
.$$$
F 5
&
A
>
?
)
&
/ !
) A
&
.$
/
"
)
& &
A
)
&
:
>/ 4
? $
&
5
N
/ &
"
/
/
5
O
>/?
& >
? 1
* 3 "
&
0
"
/
5
&
%
7!
"
" /
&
"
&
&
*
&
-
@
Amplitud
Amplitud
Ruido
Seal Spread
Correlacion
Frecuencia
Seal Correlacionada
Ruido
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111111
Frecuencia
! % C 2
.$$$
MAC
MLME
MAC MIB
SME
PHY
PLME
PHY MIB
(
5
/"
/
&
N
&
&
&
5
"
5
"
4
)
%
B
"
) :
"
5 & 1
3
( 2
/ &
)
"
#
2
&9
:
2$$
2
2$$
) )
2$$
/ 2
6 *
"
* * "
* 6
Beacon
AP 1
AP 2
Cliente
BSS encontradas:
BSS 1, AP 1
BSS 2, AP 2
BSS 3, AP 3
AP 3
AP 4
! % $ *)
(
$
%
&
$
%
"
*&." $
"
&
#&
.(! 1!
(
.
&
3 " ) $
%
6
' (/ C
$
/"
')
$
&
) ' (/ C /
':4
(/ C " *& 7
2$$
&
*& 7
4
*
2 "
& *& 7
6
"
)
Probe Request
(a)
Probe Response
AP 1
AP 2
(b)
DIFS
Mobile station
(scanner)
Minimum
response
SIFS
time
Probe Request
DIFS
SIFS
ACK
ACK
Tiempo
Probe Response
AP 1
Contention
Window
Tiempo
AP 2
Tiempo
5
2$$ 5 &
*
0 )5
*
1
)3
$
.
&
5
)
)
/
"
)
/
/
, 2
&
8
) "
6 %
F
1: Association request
2: Association response
"Here is your association ID"
AP
3: Traffic
Client
! 8% *
&
&9
$
#E
:
"
1.3 .
$
:
6
5
)
2
#
)
)
(
)
&
5
)
;
Old AP
3: IAPP
"Please send any
buffered frames
for.."
1: Reassociation request
"My old AP was.."
2: Reassociation response
"I am your new AP, and here is
your new association ID."
Client
New AP
5: (optional)
"Here are some frames
buffered from your old AP."
! ;% *
7
4: IAPP
"Why certainly.."
A
&
"
&
$$ (
A
;
%
) )
)
)
)
:
)
)
6 )
** 1
4 *
*
3
8
)
&9 "
)
)
; )
5
)
&
) 4
/
@
BSS
3: Reassociation exchange
AP
PQ *& 2
/
/
PQ '
/= $ K
&'( )
*
+
#R7"
P6Q *
.) 2
*
+
, -
' E *&4
/
P8Q S M"
*
<