Aitioll daysgrorll lrglaiSills pglall dAola Apated dehietda Cotataly atBeadady dole alas Sgaleall Gale | y9nSall Sabi gn Seton | 5 goaldemmet) desi id. Lidell, (gill Glink y Ahalil GYstedl! GUS aati of Lewy Salah y Co] all gga pay Ul jae Ldaliin GUSH Le SL Gf Gages Ula DUS § ceded Ie Giles ob of SII te all gia (gis ABA! aed s Ise) = Ah jelly A jail y Apeaigll uel) (ye de game Atlee Cy Sawa phe agy| gle Gili ig ginny BVaLna Spee palatal y Gy Lodi Gye Fe pare ool) LE SLS Js all od + Agbll Lota Ysa aad yo golf Lanza pod ab Cgaalll y ely CALAN g il atl (3 Le Aghueait 6 gece Lele Gob lly pls! Ah all Ge Aplall lust Vp c je Ae git Aisha ALY (ye He gare Lina 55 petleall Jacl ogi Lal + SW AG dl Gye Sahai) GY shell J ye th jb i pay Ayes os Agha ye y Mkt) Shalit) CY ahead Galo Li gL Ql ual ob + Alle 35 gue cole all slat Gob Uaeys All 45 pall esha ¢ 55 —§ ft a Ke gill bill cy Ae pane Uinta je Cyallll dacall ogi spall (yo Aghia CN sbell gle Apuaigll » Ail jail 45 yall Gyo Apball 4Laolisll GYobeall Jal dala 43) yb ts yo Qaslill Jaca «Le Ada I gay Adie Aye (gle all olay) pf Aticial y Ant) Yale) yaad Splat GDL dade Ge Saal) ool} Lil plat abled) uaaill od « bugall Alaa) CHS VoL Jats Aub GY abeall dsl 2 gauged pele gala aad og + tela Goby Aled Gal jalAnaLD) 5 Lal (saa! yay (gill GOUY aya Aasl y2 WL pie gill Juadll cod » Agha!) Sbalii) GY ole Jal Gs Sphalill staal Uyla Atlan ayn 4s tia ya phe GA ai Kad! Gluah I deny FS yl) ge Apheolitll GY sled Abst) abaill dusk yo ool} Line p25 Jeu pal (nd La pice) uy pbsl) seal) 8 putliall 43 pee gle LAL 5S 8 Gly IY Vee ya A gle 5b hall (ys de game eat US Ags (gd nny LS + Calla! HE Ge deal by pe elke! (i Lids BS ol dak otis Qa, + Anh) heal I Ga gill Ibe aul yo get ta Fh cys L patlee Cully SL pats Gf LG gy Vy 1 + Saal jee Gl BUSI Nha cls! + Batlal) aa Gf Alles Stisay She 53 yal geal yiall oggonall Ide G98 cf Slut ails cas Data fades aie aanilh thyg ge alll brelind feted | nJail Joaall Ordinary Differential EquationsJail! Jena! Gacente bat) Gomme bad id Lette Ordinary Differential Equations Introduction dedi 1 1 AS Jind 4_phaali CY abeall Gf dalle J 53d O52 Jill Sy a lly ODL NEI Ce Ath jally Aantal pha gy 0b IS i M8 ge yal Agel GY okes oy gue le gli Susan of 2h jut alas Gh ie Guy UaSLal + 8S Mijas DV che gf Aubcolisll sled! ode a (yo ap Dd Lived! ode agi y ote Spent dee yt dal jue dtl Syuaall cranial ly doll laa Gailued GS pe Aybalall ata Go | 98S of dss gual ULaadly Legs cou Jal + dall ate Klay De Capel ll pLicial gle 5A! Ma by atl a Aas el Qe ele oda Lal ny ye lull all 4b Justi aw ply. Atle Syumall Auli Gye sf Angie y dnatlind dual Ge sf all ogay Fils 5 gua gle Ug Gneey (i Sybaclis) GYaLaal ald Sy gle gel + goal Sally cy sitll Salli} ull 5 sla Us (Closed Form Solution) GLa) Ada 8 ye BonS doles Gubolll GYasled Jal dal Gybll Sidy Ae pal y Gell 6 Sl) AY) Colusa! one Na Uae Gi Legend ual «he ullDefinitions and Concepts (Aablieg ndieny pla -2-I Differential Equati Sa ys (Aine!) Staal (Cl psa) ust alll etal yy De a \M (Ordinary) dyste Abadi Uakaall pauiy COLL) Cte Lad Jai de le YY} gg sind Y Gllilyy sal y ite idle 4 Alls gilt) etal yIS a). Wd Nolin Js AIA LDN + Qulell atid Y y Siiaadll yyeiall X GSI =: Ale aghalii (1) 2, y=3x? dy 1. ay dy (2) xr t2siny Fg OE Wy dy lay ® ae de? (4) (x~ y)de + (x+ y)dy =Ox i yr= | By gual cle iS AA aaa & LA pal ple Asta) 155 UL 2) 1S sesey Lal lditall, d"y mo Jaa ak" LS ley GAN Ye La je Ga gh Oy satel lel Aa) AS yo eta gi Cue. AGS (Say Ailey Say dual Aida Co YO yaad tt dtd Gi py” 1b yguall gle (2) sled! @) xy"+(2sinx)y". y'=G—x?)y -: jal) 45 ii) steal! : AS gl itis yyitke Gyo ASY alla Quill yatta [gud lads Abbas + Ag jell lial ee -2- 4d ge? AML GDL ¢ Aliadll GI ysiall 2, yx 5 Qu sa US 2 Aja Slab GYsle OU ,,0U 5 —+3—=0 (5) oy @U BU aU (6) oe tae tg fee 2 OU aU 2 7 2 3y 4 (x- y?)U = ” | io or Co ° ta+ (order) Agbisliil) Aslan!) 4g ya: 4 ahaliill Abed ppb dite lel gay 25 gi aaa) cals 15) A gholaill Aste 45 ye sae order) 77 4G pall Gye Valet ode gf Ud Apt! + gg UsIo Aiicke Jel, =3= Sle veo MI AG yall yo Mole Agliolii Wales

v=Ad +Be™ +sint (iii) xQ/P =2yy 5 y= Ax? wt y= Aer 42 sal ll fal LU GIS Gbisidl Atl ye clic! 2c pul OS Ging gill (ii) Shaki) AL ala! all Que all's (j) Gs sldaall v(o)=-5 , v(o)=2 abe da yp? =p ty =o ly AG yall ld Aus) Alolisll Uobeall - TT a gd alls. fast y Lybsal tit gauety y= Ax— A? (Agulal) 2 © Ag BSY! Call duals pub eUacly plall Jal (ys daliiod gSuY yt bles @DLal ode Glia Sey Ja. 9 all Dally plall all (yy A@DLAI) Lily ap 17Ug tes rll sal oll ial Lil ald ciietall Abst spline) Wi tide pow) -IV Ayala x? + By =1 + Chsiniall cys MisUal) og Aba) AlaLual ag. gb + Ayal Ayplcobict Alea! og -V y= Ax+B Ql gill de gaqad Ashsliat) Usteall oe — VIE oa 2x y=oe"+c,e 3 tolled ois ai - VI + Cilia oda aa! Abt Gyo Aad JS pb Guay gine yh Chinn Wile 2 Cileall slau! Cinta de gone Lisl GIS 13} F(x, y,¢) = 0 (1) ot Bin Ciltall 15g Cilkte Glyintall og) GIS 13} os LAS! Cul C eye gl CAR Aally Ugitate y (11) MLA ALU Gyo Aas IS Fl (x, y,c)=0 (2) ol egy Cult Ge. ye gill! a fall Ligla diay lls, G(x,y)=0 (3) BIS yy p3Y Le ll Lhe y + Agllall Used ALAS Glad) Giles ag 1 iyalet yr =y-2 18gout! Jcaall IgM igh (> denbacalall ial Differential Equations of the First Ordergot Juenall (uml lll diet yh! (pi deplete ib alent! Differential Equations of the First Order + lgN AG sth So AkcolaiN Aaland andi iat! 1. I Geometrical Interpretation: eh gee AST AG all ye Acoli OY sLeat la Gps acai Ide God Gu pas toe Sy Cabal ohn Sing GLY Ge le deal Ge gh LY Aa all Ge 24M) aLall 3) gual (1) F(x, y,y')=0 ced Yo) p28 (1) Ayana abel ad hl) Gas Gua ye Gd eal sy «Acoli AbsLeall og! (jie gual) (punigll Bagel le WARS Sey GI ot gi dad a Yala!) al (2) y= Ff(%y) Ady T Lin Mileie 54 (x,y) Jail) aun sic Aasill suey f(x,y) dal tus aL SH sini ue os! (x,,y,) Untill aie y! Adina dad f(x,,y,)> Lel ig td AUS iid gle Jpeaally (x,,y,) Us, Lal (2) Shot ate ce eal f(xj.y,)oladl i AC, Mae as (x,,y,) Unly Lal shea Binns A pai ob (x,,y,) Ail ase Snell gl f(x,y) Guess (x,y) Adal yall Cues # (22y,yy) Abia gl} Jail f(x,,y,) apdall sles! Lan 8 AL, co Suet AL, 2 hee Milne slai¥I Ide gi dl ti gb Abiill ode aie f(x, y,) 20ial ol 5 pineal Glial Jyh Lae Spill gb Jeanil Say (2, y,) Uniill w 1H JSt (x,,y,,) Abily slall gLtsall ginal le CLiiiay ALG oda wie Aules yey dale chi cs! Gh intel! Ida jue edgy Auolstt Aslall J lal anh ye LAS) giniall Uday. (2) Shuoliill Use! dete plLES pins le uaas bay Abi (ys fan bye Sy Gholi) UlsLeal « (2) Abba J slat aals HH HH (2) Aden gansigt ina ~1— JS Vw amas xyes senna gE k Cue f(x,y) =k ginal pany YSyy a (2) Ustad) (Curve of Constant Slope) os slutall all yinia; (jin tall ern he Vlei sia laine Gye bpm el jal piniall Iba eis aie ye pu Aad aall paoliall ods Ge aie JSy (Lineal Elements) daiiual polit rg soul Lyall gine ae debit Abi aie (2) Aled LAS) yiniall jem ANS Tibi pais ilies ae Cibtinde @Ltily Salen oda 3 Agi pola py) Gbjiniall ode Ga JO, Aili Lys fe cull Uae oLasY! his sl SLine dada! pol iell Ae yore Oy Sy 0 Ay dual rol ill ode sackue U yqau Say (2) Auholisll dala (Direction Field) ~2- JSS (2) Malad ALAS bjiniall yy 9 Glide pew) Ayitiaull 21Ds uiall Spall pinta ke Syalt x Ag glaciall Jyall Glyiads -2— Jab IN) gal) ee files tlle ga JULES las pal = gigi (3) yoy | (4) Via -2 + coilabeall WHS (1.1) Qdadally lal) gLalSall yin eae hy + Seal way ek 5 gh (3) Aska og lac) yall Glas -1 UB) ogy goad dually LAW Call Gayes LES Aagtinwall jwlinll ge lpiniall 0da Gye de yore “3 JS Gay Grins Ge i on Ge pais (11) Abit, Ld LS init aay + Gosia Qual hinds Oe JS dastinall jwaliall os i} yy ek gh (4) Mabel og ladall yall bpiniad 4a sll (ui) -2 Y gerald 4 jh ye Chatine ty vy y= x Aged Ja -4- Jee US eine JS deisel! prolinll ae Gbiniall ola Gye de pene A SSA Guiry « (Lol) Adaiill, Lal) LIS gsesall Leal cae y vo I AS pall yo Hysol Gobel Jad Gybll Gites I) gyal Jai aa Ay (Unique Solution ) yay Ja (1) Sbolil Ustad yyS) fal [Ss BUY! gle ds sl Yh sa.y Y iy (Many Solutions) sase Jyle 4! =3a le m2 AM ayant all Lee ay'=2y I WE )=Y, 23Wal GaiS 1) y=? a urs de I aay Y(0)=0 lS IS gg Usa! Cub A Cus ys Ax? gd Ut yl Id aa sy Yo) =1 CAS IY GUY! te da lel aay Ys Existence Theorem : andl gery 4g pled 2— IT Abbie Mais T CulSy oxy y siuall 4§ Abb (x,,y,) GUIS 13) fapblsS 4 yin T=(x,y)eR? sfe-x,|saly-y,|sb.a,beR'} T Aidaiall -5— Js T Li quan sic 5 piney Aull Saye (2) aad gd f(x,y) Mall cals 131, . + lll Le tll gins, V(x, ybeT 3 aM 20 7 \fy] xY¥S= X-9X 1-3 dX 3-9 oe dX 33ee pe x 149 147 149 InX + A, =tan' 9-In +9’) 3 InX?(1+9°)+4,=2tan'9 = sues oer ve wrest pos 9-5 & Vasily dean tn X21 4 oe) + Ay = INK? +7) 4A tan! <= In (+sa)+ p = In(X" + ¥°)+ A, pasix,y Wa yx ce vari A dian" (23) — nly? +2? -6y + 4x +13]= 4 x+2 : 4g attad) axt+byte, =o Chesiiawall GIS 13) ax+ byte, =0 Nba jas ab, - yb, = 0 gh alld Le phy Cus jl sie a,x + by = l(a,x + by) OE Sys + de east Paax+by dryaill Jlaciulry 34a] axthyte G+o axtbyte, L9+c, dg I+, d3 5(G+¢,) —-a=h =>— Fat dx "4940, de 13-+¢, L9+e, ee oe : ac, +b, + Hla, +b) pall Jal de Geass 9 Gia yety 9x ye sles gle unas Adc =8= Jha 2 AG act Adatedl Ja as (x+2y+3)de -(3x+6y+7)dy =0 + dal (x+2y+3)de -(3x+6y+7)dy = lua CL Nye 3x+6y+7=0 , x+2Vt3=0 Cyaitinnall of arly ees B= x+2y= 58 eo oe 2 -1| dk dk Ld dy x+2y+3 =i e-n= 8+3 dx 3(x+2y)+7 39+7 2 2B aad gle Gear Silly 3947 d9= 59413 <-— 9 = dx G aa” 353 g_ 4 59413) = x44, Sas 159 - 41n(59 413) =25x+ A, . Pius G=axt2y ce varpilly coylladl gay Sx—15y +2In(5x+10y+B)= A 2 Byguall gle cYalen—2 YM (xy)dk + xN(xy)dy = 0 F= xy hesatll DE 0 On petiall aad Sears de 2 Aglaliill AdsLea!! Js. Vixy —l)dx + x(1+ xy)dy = 0 x-9 a2. 2 2 Gay sell ariel p=oay2 x So-nexa+9]78=2-0 x x H8-1)-99+1) +1194) =o 1 2 1+—)d = —dx d+) x + alsa el yalry «cp sytiall Joel i wllisy 9+InF=2Inx—-Ind x? = Ade* > x= Aye” Alay 36£ sal pme-3 a a Male Cllny pay (Say aul ue cdl py ee allie DSH Cilesay gall oda Shad Sale sacld cllin Cuts. eaill ALU 3) yusa BS SLES y a atiall yay gall go gi ill Anolall dy oh Ugh dsb co AM clay st Ula Sa ol} csa amr yed cal Gull + aa yet + satball cpzay gai) ool) pace ll Aided y Bilge =19- gt + AMM ayloolaill Wataall Ja y'+3Gx+y) =0 2 dal + AG Guay gall placinly AIL! ode pom 95 G=3xty 8-3 Alsy Beal) Asleal) ogi (vay pills 1 1-9 ad 48 54397 x0= 3 = 3dx dx tanh 9 =32+¢, intt9 cargin ace Btls gee 1-38 o-1 i y,x Aa G sic Gia pills otyt 2 CN aka!) Quad Aliya pladiady ANG! Aghcalistl cavoludl Ja -1 @ (-x)Zexy=0 (ii) @ Bry siso > Yoy=1 Gi) Boa-y > ()y@)=1 , @*)y()=5 (iv) x07 D+? +) 2 =o (Vv) e dete" dy =o t ya Ge Cap geil) laddudy Ata) Auli cywlea Ja I (i) B _ 2xsinbiy/2) + 3ye0sh(y/2) dx 3x.cosh(y/x) 7 242 (i) 5 eee dx 2xy ii) y?4@? +e : (iv) y?de + (x? -xy)dy =0 (v) Qt 4+ y*)\ade + ydy)- 2 (xd - pdr) =0 x (Agglaill Lslas}! losin) 382 AMG Ayoli cysled) Ja TIT yb x+y-l dx x-yt5 (x42 +3)dx — (3x + 6y + 7)dy =0 (6x-2y-3)dx - (2x +2y-Ddy =0 (2x+3y+I)dx +(10x+15y + 4)dy (10x —4y + 12)de - (x + Sy +3)dy =0 + Aan Quads cyeled Ja -1V yx? y? - Oxy + 5)dx + x(2x7y? — 3xy)dy = 0 x’ ydx + 5x’ ydy + 6ydx =0 y= xy tx? y? Jee + x(x? y? de + x(x? y? + xy)dy = 0 (14 Ixy —x’y?)de +2x?dy =0 (1+ xy sin(xy))dx + x? sin(xy)dy = 0 (y Spi) (y¥ 4 asl) 2 Agta yboliat cysled Ja -V Blt ua citthanyl glacial) iy dx xy(1-x) x?y”? — 6xyy'+5y? - 4x7 y=0 (\quilas dao olay ou) xyy'-2y? -4xt =0 (\qudled days olay a2) (xy’ = 2y)? = x7 (2xy"+ y) (Leite Ae sted ou) xy” —2xyy' + y? - 4x3 y=0 (lquiles 4a ald a2) 39+ Ay glia’) ch geal) gly Atha) 4 i) ts) qi gllaall -VI : Foy By 0 at Ge thie ds dy Abbadlé Aled) jt aly Ay — y Ss Ax x JS led Ua 1Y A Aa pl Ga Lalas (panty GY gail! Alraiie ol + Gogledd 5 AMI Ci glestl glaaiuly 4 yl ode ga yl (WA) Aty Sy ces Ax x oe (1) Abbe (8 Gage - Asl/x Usl 13 Asked eyed AS (2) d= y/x" dj ays =x tnd S ca» (2) Gish at x Mla ode 3 Asludl cua aS ~2 + JSAM Gye la oly Cl pital Jacl ALU Ashes il gins) a x= AG(9) Paps hel! atl lg yelly x=AG(Z) x n dad Gui ob Wy y 5 Ax 3 x yeges (1) Aste! Jats Gd b yaagi oA Daal ye Ula que Cus) G= y/x" Ven" G+x"F , y=" oSd PAM Aol Atel Jas Gulss xyy’-2y?+4x* =0 40CML Jena OH deci gh co Meo Lill decal! cathalad Exact First Order Differential EquationsMENT Jueall comelgil dean gl (jum emt biel deme tale Exact First Order Differential Equations Definitions ey yh 1 TT Lie he cof GUA ALL, 3 yan Uf Sue U = f(x,y) dal oS -f eye dU 98 U Mall 1S) Saalitll ob si x ge oU oU aU = ae + ox oy 2 + oe plas Asal) lil Gh gal gM esl ci is Gay a*u__ a*U Oxdy dydx atLin YS 3 obi aaalts lM (x, yak + M(x, y)dy t laiall ge Ug tye ASD hal Gf tus U Le ala dU = M(x, y)dx+ N(x, y)dy + glad ge Sli wal sua, M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy $9) Cases Alla Mla cals 13) 6b alt uly U aU ma M(x), oe N(x.) 42ea ad Lat Sulit M(x, ye + M(x, y)dy laid GIS 13) -e + MyLualiall M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = 0 + Aas Aylialit slea 1d 2 + Aglaslisll Ubud) gS qa) M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = 0 ty als Malad ode cy sSil HSI y » DU! b pals OM _ ON Q) on a yl) p93} ~1 4al5 (1) Alba + Ga pil 0M _ON ' aS zh Glew yal: Glatt oy ox oO) OLA lle slab fd Qa 4yoliall Abad gf Lay 1qUa yall M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy rof dues U alla alla gl. ob oli a Wy, Won oy ox aU _ 0M aU _ ON ste Uae cls Oyox By’ = Oxdy Ox B