NWN - Apiit

Submitted By: Malith Waniganayake (CB004144)
Module Code and Title: AAPP006-3-2-NWN Networks and Networking
Intake Code: DF10A1ICT
Assignment Title: Group Assignment Name of Lecturer: Mr. Udesh Amarasinghe Date Assigned: 4th November, 2010 Date Completed: 22nd August, 2011
Malith Waniganayake (CB004144)
Harin Fernanado (CB00) Assumptions (5) Report content (10) Diagrams and/or Figures (20) Analytical and Critical Thinking (20) Documentation (5) Referencing (10) Group Total (70) Presentation (20) Progress Report (5) Workload Matrix (5) Individual Total (30) INDIVIDUAL COMPONET GROUP COMPONENT
Sumedha (CB00)
ASSESSMENT MARKING SCHEME
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT
Seashells-Reef | 2
Grand Total (100)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank our Networks and networking lecturer Mr.Udesh Amarasinghe for giving his undivided support and help giving us this opportunity and support to do this project successfully. We would also like to thank our beloved parents who are always there with us on each step we take on in our life helping us and guiding us. Also We would like to thank APIIT Lanka for providing necessary equipments and library facilities to do our research and carry on with our project. We also appreciate the thoughtfulness and the helpfulness our friends and the seniors who aided us in certain situations of the project.
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ABSTRACT
Seashells Colombo which is a member of the Confifi Seashells Group of hotels which is a renowned group of hotels have decided to launch another hotel in Sri Lanka. The management has decided to launch this hotel in the down south area as named as Seashells - Reef. The management of Seashells Colombo wishes to construct a separate network for this newly built building. This newly built building has eight floor including the ground floor. Each floor is unique form the other floors. Depending on the floor there will be guest rooms, departments, offices and halls. After careful analysis of all floors of the building it was clear to us on how to do the network for each separate floor. And how to centralize the network to a one place and build the network. From this project we given all the necessary details with clear explanations on valid arguments on how to connect the entire build in to one network. We believe that this is the most perfect solution for the network problem that the seashells management has given us. This network would make the networking most effective, efficient, giving proper back up and will have proper security measures.
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Table of Contents
Contents
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 4 Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 5 Table Of figures .............................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.0 Assumptions.............................................................................................................................. 9 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams .......................................................................................... 10 3.1 Building Description ........................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Main network diagram ........................................................................................................ 10 3.3 Main Server room ............................................................................................................... 13 3.3.1 Servers.......................................................................................................................... 14 3.3.2 Firewall ........................................................................................................................ 19 3.3.3 Main Switch ................................................................................................................. 20 3.3.4 Server backbone switch and DMZ switch .................................................................. 21 3.3.5 Other Equipments ........................................................................................................ 21 Main server room network diagram ...................................................................................... 23 3.4 Ground Floor ....................................................................................................................... 25 3.4.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ..................................................................... 25 3.4.2 Floor description and Network Description ................................................................. 26 3.4.3 Ground Floor wiring plan ............................................................................................ 27 3.4.4 Assumptions for Ground Floor .................................................................................... 28 3.5 First Floor............................................................................................................................ 29 3.5.4 First Floor wiring plan ................................................................................................ 30 3.6 Second Floor ....................................................................................................................... 31 3.6.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ..................................................................... 31 3.6.3 Network Description .................................................................................................... 32 3.6.4 Second Floor wiring plan ............................................................................................. 34 3.7 Third Floor .......................................................................................................................... 35 Seashells-Reef | Table of Contents 5
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.7.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ..................................................................... 35 3.7.2 Floor description .......................................................................................................... 36 3.7.3 Network Description .................................................................................................... 36 3.7.4 Third Floor wiring plan ................................................................................................ 37 3.8 Fourth Floor ........................................................................................................................ 38 3.8.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ..................................................................... 38 3.8.2 Floor description .......................................................................................................... 38 3.8.3 Network Description .................................................................................................... 39 3.8.4 Fourth Floor wiring plan .............................................................................................. 40 3.9 Fifth Floor ........................................................................................................................... 41 3.9.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ..................................................................... 41 3.4.2 Floor description and Network Description ................................................................. 42 3.9.3 Fifth Floor wiring plan ................................................................................................. 43 3.10 Sixth Floor ........................................................................................................................ 44 3.10.2 Sixth Floor wiring plan ............................................................................................ 45 3.11 Seventh Floor .................................................................................................................... 47 3.11.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram ................................................................... 47 3.11.2 Seventh Floor wiring plan .......................................................................................... 48 4.0 Reasons for server room to locate at the proposed location ................................................... 49 5.0 Backup/Recovery Plans .......................................................................................................... 51 7.0 Internet Connectivity .............................................................................................................. 53 8.0 IP Addressing .......................................................................................................................... 54 9.0 Project Plan ............................................................................................................................. 55 9.1 Gantt chart ........................................................................................................................... 55 9.2 Workload Matrix ................................................................................................................. 56 10.0 Limitations ............................................................................................................................ 57 11.0 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 58 Meeting Minutes ........................................................................................................................... 60 Referencing ................................................................................................................................... 65 Image Referencing ........................................................................................................................ 66
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1.0 Introduction
This project is based on Seashells-Reef which is currently at the stage of construction level. Our network company Net Solutions have been requested to take the responsibility of proposing a network solution for the above mentioned Hotel. The hotel mainly consists of 7 floors with deluxe rooms spread in exquisite landscape by the seaside. The hotel consists of all the departments and facilities that a hotel should be having. Ex - Lobby, Restaurant, kitchen, Room service department, HR, Accounts office, executive office etc. In the ground floor it consists of the Front office, Lobby, Restaurant, Kitchen, Sales outlets and most importantly the VIP Business Center. In the first floor it consists of Banquet service department, Diamond Banquet Hall, Rainbow Banquet Hall. The second floor of the hotel consists of Executive Office, Accounts and Human Resource Departments and most importantly the server rooms which is the heart of the hotel because all the functions of the hotel is controlled mainly by the server room. When it comes to the third floor there are 18 guest rooms and each room is installed a network cable so that the guests can have access to the internet easily. Furthermore it also consists of a mini restaurant and a recreational area. In the fourth floor there are 25 guest rooms and a room service department. In the fifth floor it consists of 18 guest Rooms, Housekeeping departments and a Laundry. There is a pool area in the fifth floor with an established wireless access point. Therefore the guests can enjoy their stay to the maximum because they have been provided all the necessary facilities by the hotel management. The sixth floor of the hotel has a purchasing department, stores, engineering department and 9 guest rooms. Extra 30 rooms are available in the seventh floor which is the final floor of the hotel. All the 100 deluxe rooms are installed a network cable with the objective of providing internet facilities for the guest. All computers are networked along with the IP phones and the printers. The whole building is connected to a SLT leased line. In this network solution we have been able to cover all the resource sharing and the disaster recovery plans therefore we believe its a very effective network plan and it will help the hotels network problem.
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1.1 Scope
The scope of this project is as follows Provide the network connection between the floors of the building (Ground floor to 7th floor) Developing the network to make all the operations in the entire hotel fully automated. Developing the network to make all departments integrated. Customers and guests should be able to request services through the network. The Management should be able to monitor and secure the orders made by the customers and the guests. The Network should support file sharing and quick correspondence through electronic mail both internally and externally. The security and the confidentiality of information regarding operations, Accounting and HR should be considered Provide an internet connection to the entire building with a higher bandwidth and speed. Resource sharing with different privileges given to the users Should be able to provide services even in a disaster (crash proof)
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2.0 Assumptions
Cost is not taken into consideration when networking the building All expertise has been working in this network project therefore knowledge of networking wasnt a constraint. The Cost for network devices was not taken as a constrain Knowledge of networking and using network equipments are not constrains.
APIIT City Campus and the APIIT Law Schools three buildings are at two different locations. This network plan is based on the budget that APIIT law school has estimated. These two buildings are 1300m away from the current APIIT building. (As mentioned in the project proposal) The building one is considered as the main building of the APIIT law school. So server room is situated in building 1s first floor.
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3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams
3.1 Building Description
Seashells - Reef is a newly built building which has 7 floors without the ground floor. Each floor is to be implement of a newly network which will give access to internet and phone connection for the users. Ground Floor consist a Front office, Lobby, VIP business center, Restaurant, Kitchen and sales outlet. First floor contains a Banquet Service Department, Diamond Banquet Hall, Rainbow Banquet Hall. Second floor consist a Executive Office, Accounts office, Server rooms and Human resource Department. Third floor contains 18 Guest rooms, Recreational Area and a Mini Restaurant. Fourth floor contains 25 Guest rooms and Room service department. Fifth floor contains 18 Guest rooms, Housekeeping department and a laundry. Sixth floor contains Purchasing Department, Stores, Engineering Department and 9 Guest rooms. Seventh floor contains 30 Guest rooms. Network diagram key:The red cables represent UTP CAT 6 cables
The Blue cables represent STP CAT 6 cables
3.2 Main network diagram
Main network diagram of the Seashells - Reef hotel building was designed to achieve several benefits as shown in the below diagram. The whole network is designed and planed in a hierarchical manner so that when in need of further future developments the network can be identified easily and that will help to design future networks in a easier way. With the needs of the management the network is designed in manner that it will support data storing, file Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 10
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT transferring, quick correspondence through email both internally and externally, easy maintenance, high accuracy percentage and fast recovery.
Internet
Internet
Internet
PSTN
7th floor(Layer 2 switch)
Collection switch
SLT 4 MB Leased Line connection
2 MB Dialog Wi-max connection
SLT 2 MB Leased Line Connection

5 SLT Telephone Lines
Collection switch

CSU\DSU
Collection switch
Cisco Router
CSU\DSU
PABX Cisco Router
Collection switch
IPPBX Load balancer Cisco Router Main Floor Switch(Layer 2 switch)
3rd floor(Layer 2 switch)
Collection switch
2nd floor(Layer 2 switch)
Collection switch
Main switch(Layer 3 switch) Firewall DMZ ZONE DMZ switch (Layer 2) Firewall
1st floor(Layer 2 switch)
Collection switch
Ground floor(Layer 2 switch) Server backbone(Layer 2)
Collection switch
Firewall
Application server
Email server
Web server
Proxy server
Back Up Server
Print Database FTP server server Server
SIP DNS Domain VPN DHCP File controller Server server Server server server
server
Figure 1: Main network diagram
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As shown in the above diagram we have used two ways to connect our network to the internet. We are planning on getting 4Mb leased line connection from the ISP Sri Lanka Telecom as our main connection. For our secondary connection we are planning to get a 2Mb Wi-Max connection From the ISP Dialog Axiata PLC. We are planning to use two Cisco routers to connect the internet to our network. Because there is a inbuilt hardware firewall in the router which will provide more security to our system. Through two Cisco routers both connection will connect to a load balancer which will balance the bandwidth of the internet connection limiting the usage. Load balancer will be configured to get a high bandwidth from the leased line because it's our primary connection. After the load balancer the connection will be connected to two switches via a Firewall. We have planned to use firewall before the switches because it will block the unauthorized entries to our network even before it reaches our main switches. This will improve our systems security in a grater way. After the firewall the connection is connected to the DMZ switch and the main switch. DMZ switch is a layer 2 switch which will be connected to several public servers such as web, email, proxy and application server. These servers connect to the Main switch via the Firewall. This will provide more security to our network. After the Main switch the connection divides in to several paths. Main Switch is a layer 3 high end Switch which supports all the IEEE standards. The main switch which will be a Cisco layer 3 switch it will have 24 Ethernet 10/100/1000 ports, 4 SFP-based Gigabit Ethernet ports, 32 Gbps Switching capacity and will support all the protocols. First of all through another firewall the Main switch is connected to the Server back bone switch which is a layer 2 switch. This additional firewall is to provide more security to the important servers in our network such as print, Database, DNS, DHCP, Domain controller and the SIP server which are connected to the Server backbone switch. In case of a failure of the server backbone switch or the any of the servers which are connected to it we have decided to implement a backup server to back up all the servers and data in our network. All the main servers are virtually installed into this single high end server by using server virtualization
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT techniques. This backup server will be connected to the Main switch via a Firewall for the security of our system. To Implement VoIP technology the Main switch will be connected to the IPPBX gateway which is connected to the 2mb Telecom Leased Line connection. SIP sever will allow to make telephone calls within the network and through VoIP it will allow to make telephone calls outside our network by connecting to the Internet via IPPBX. And Also the Main switch is connected to a PABX gateway which will connect the PSTN network via 5 SLT telephone lines to the company network. Through the SIP server the users will be able to take external local calls via the PSTN network. Every floor has a layer 2 switch as the collection switch which will collect all the network traffic. then it will be connected to the specific layer 2 switch which is in the same floor which is the floor switch. All the floor switches will be connected to the Main floor switch(layer 2) which is located in the second floor near the cable conduct. Main floor switch is connected to the Main switch in the server room. through the Main switch the whole network will gain access to the internet and also to the building network.
3.3 Main Server room
Main server room will be located in the second floor of the building. In this server room main equipments of the entire network will be placed. This is for security and easy maintenance purposes. Main equipments that integrated in the server room are as follows. Servers Firewall Main Switch Server backbone switch DMZ switch Other Equipments
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1 Servers A server is a device or computer on a network that supervise network resources. (Freewimaxinfo.com, 2011) We have implemented several servers as our main servers to gain full functionality of a complete LAN network. All the servers with the Main switch, Server backbone switch and the DMZ switch are located in the server room in the second floor. All the servers that are proposed to be located in the server room are mentioned below.
3.3.1.1 Proxy server We are proposing to implement a proxy server in our network so that the network administrators can control and set authorizations for network traffic or the outgoing network requests. This will also help the network Administrators to monitor the network for any suspicious behavior of the users. Any unsuitable websites and web services which acquire lot of bandwidth can be restricted so that the every user can enjoy fast web services. Also we have implemented the proxy server as a cache that will keep the frequently used web pages so that users will be able to browse internet faster.
3.3.1.2 Email Server We are proposing to implement email server in the DMZ zone where the email server is directly connected to the Main firewall by the DMZ switch. Email server is exposed to the internet or the external networks because of frequent accessing emails in various other external networks. Because of this exposure the email server it can be affected by virus infections and unauthorized attacks from the external networks. Because we have kept the server in a virtually different place from our internal servers, our internal servers wont be affected by any of these outside attacks. By implementing a email server we can create and use email accounts with our own domain name for our company. For example we can create different email accounts for different users (malith@seashellsR.lk)
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.3 Web Server
We are proposing to implement or Web server in the DMZ zone where it is directly connected to the Main firewall by the DMZ switch. Web server is exposed to the internet or the external networks because of frequent internet accessing in various other external networks. Because of this exposure the Web server it can be affected by virus infections and unauthorized attacks from the external networks. Because we have kept the server in a virtually different place from our internal servers, our internal servers wont be affected by any of these outside attacks. By using our own web server we can launch and maintain our own website within the our network. It is much safer than hosting in a hired web server where the company details can be exposed. (www.seashells-reef.lk)
3.3.1.4 Application Server We are proposing to implement a high performance computer as our Application server because all business application will run in this application server. Due to this Application server the company gain lots of benefits. We are planning to run the company's main business software's logical end in the server where we give only the front end to the client's machines. Because of that we can give average computers to clients who uses the application within the company network. Also we can use any number of computers with light weight user interface connected to our application server for operations.
3.3.1.5 Domain name server (DNS) We are proposing to implement a DNS server in our network because it can translate the domain names to their IP addresses. Since all its functionality is to translate domain names, a computer with medium processing power would be enough for the DNS server. By using a DNS server it will store the frequently visited IP addresses in its memory. Because of this the browsing the internet will be speeded up.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.6 Dynamic host configuration protocols server (DHCP) We are proposing to implement the DHCP server because it's the server which assigns the dynamic IP addresses of the network. is an essential part of a LAN network in our company due to that reason. And this will keep the track of the dynamic IP addresses of the company stored in its memory. Since assigning and maintaining IP addresses is all the work done by the DHCP server we can use a computer with normal performance. Although we can use the same machine to host the DNS and the DHCP servers because they do not require much processing power, we used two separate machines to host them separately. That's because we wanted to avoid the single point of failure.
3.3.1.7 Domain controller server
Domain control server is essential for our network because we are planning to implement two separate domains for the hotel. The domains will be for the staff and for the guests that arrive at the hotel. Domain controller server keeps track of user authorization information. whenever a user logs in to the system the network privileges will be given to the user accordingly to authorization. We are proposing to prevent unauthorized access to our network by implementing this server.
3.3.1.8 Print Server
In the hotel building each floor has more than one printer and those will be connected to our network. So the users will have to share the printers. we found it much efficient and less costly to have a one printer for each department mainly. So all the users in that department will be able to take printouts from that printer. To configure all of this We are proposing to implement a print server on our network. From there we will set authorizations for each printer in each floor and from the server we will be able to control and monitor printing in the building.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.9 Database server
We are proposing to implement a database server in the network because the management expects to store details about a complete inventory, stocks, customer orders and customer services in the network. By implementing a Database server the network will be able to keep all the data in a centralized database and run DBMS software's to manipulate those data. The machine which will be used as the database server should have a large Secondary memory because it will have to store large amounts of data. And this machine should have higher processing capabilities because it will be used to execute large number of SQL commands in a matter of seconds. Also the network administrators can control and the database easily from the database server.
3.3.1.10 File server
We are proposing to implement the File server in the network because by using this file server the system can allow a storage location for computer files such as images, videos, sounds, documents, etc. So the staff and the management of the hotel can have their own personal storage area for private use. A public storage area can be given to the guests who log on to the network to keep their files temporarily. Access to the relevant storage area will be given depending on the user authorization. Due to the fact that the File server is only used to store data the machine which will host the server should have a large memory to store all the users data.
3.3.1.11 SIP server (Session initiation protocol)
We are proposing to implement the SIP server in the network because the SIP server will be used in implementing the VoIP in the network. SIP server is a necessary equipment to implement VoIP service because it will check whether the requested call is a external one or a internal one and then it will route the call to the necessary devices . It can be programmed to route the Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 17
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT external IDD call to connect to the internet via IPPBX. There the VoIP service will be considered. Also if a external local call comes to the SIP server it can route the call to the PSTN via the PABX gateway. Since lots of call will be taken within the network all those calls will be routed to the corrected extension number. From implementing this server the company will be able to save lots of money via the external calls.
3.3.1.12 Backup Server
We are proposing to implement the Backup Server because In case of a break down or a maintenance session of the server happens the backup server can manage the all the network traffic. All the main server are virtually installed into this single high end server by using server virtualization techniques. This backup server will be connected to the Main switch via a Firewall for the security of our system. So the network of the building will be never down. This machine which will host the Backup server should be a high end machine with high performance parts.
3.3.1.13 VPN Server (Virtual Private Network)
We are proposing to implement the VPN Server because it's a cheap way of using the same network we will implement in the main building in sub branches. If in the future Seashells-Reef hotel group decides to open up new branches around Sri Lanka using a VPN the main branch can communicate with the sub branches. VPN server will host the VPN for our network in the internet for the main branch. Where other branches can log in to this VPN using a given user ID and a password via internet and use the same resources that are available in the local network. Because of this in the future the sub branches will only need a internet connection where they can just log on to the main network. This will reduce the costs it will take in the future to implement new networks in new branches.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.14 FTP Server (File Transfer Protocol)
We are proposing to implement the FTP server because it is a efficient way to transfer data using this protocol through the internet. FTP server will host the FTP "server" software. Where the client, who can be a another branch can select weather to send or to receive files from the FTP server. Also the client can send or receive Files from a single or from a group. To connect to the server we can restrict users by giving usernames and passwords. This will increase the security of the network. Also by using this FTP server the company can send or receive files much faster and in a private way through the internet. (Bradley. M. 2010)
3.3.2 Firewall
A Firewall is a computer program or hardware that monitors the flow of information from the Internet to your computer. (Freewimaxinfo.com, 201) From the selection between Hardware and Software firewalls we are proposing to use Hardware firewalls in the company network plan considering the security of the network. we propose to implement three hardware firewalls in the server room. That is for the better security of the system. One is for the main internet connection that comes from the load balancer. another two for before DMZ switch and before the Server backbone switch. These firewall will be having the packet filtering technology where the data packets which comes from the internet are been checked whether it should or should not be routed to the internal network. We are also proposing to use software firewalls in the second floor where sensitive data is being gathered and sent to the database server.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.3 Main Switch
We propose to use a layer 3 switch as the Main switch. This Layer 3 switch can be considered as the most important part of the entire network. The functionality of the whole network depends of this switch. This switch connects to all other equipments in the network. Our propose to use a layer 3 switch for the main switch is depending on the advantages that the layer3 switch is going to give for the network. Layer 3 switches have the packet switching throughputs technology which will transfer millions of packets per second (pps). Which the layer 2 switches does not support. Layer3 switches have features, such as multicast routing, multiprotocol routing, IBM feature sets and routing protocol stability where layer 2 switches dont have. Also the Scalability of the layer3 switch is high so that big networks can be integrated easily in to a layer 3 switch. This is one of main advantages we saw using a Layer 3 switch. Since we have a big network to handle we propose layer 3 switch. And also in the future the company could easily add some new networks to this layer 3 switch easily. (E-tutes. 2011) Also the layer 3 Switch supports many IEEE standards and many internet protocols. The network we proposed has a hierarchical nature and uses a multilayer model. Layer 3 switches support these kinds of networks without any mal functioning. In Layer 3 switches Access control lists are supported and will not have any performance degradation. Due to this matter the security of the company network increases immensely. The connection lines from the Main switch will be CAT6 STP cables to other devices.
Figure 2 : Layer 3 Cisco Switch
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.4 Server backbone switch and DMZ switch
In the server room Server backbone switch and DMZ switch is placed. both of these switches collect data from the servers they are connected and passes those information to the Main switch. Both of these switches are Layer 2 switches. The reasons behind proposing to implement these switches are that they are cost effective and it perfect for forwarding data packets to the correct destination by learning the MAC address in the packets. Layer 2 switches have no impact on the bandwidth of the network. Depending on the speed of forwarding packets the network speed can be increased. Since the layer 2 switch is specialized in packet forwarding we propose to use it for the above switches for better network speed.
Figure 3 : Dlink layer2 switch
3.3.5 Other Equipments
3.3.5.1 IP PBX (Internet Protocol Private Branch Exchange)
We are proposing to use a IP-PBX in the network because it's one of the main essential equipments used in the VoIP technology. IP-PBX is connected to the main switch in our system and to a 2Mb SLT leased line. Once a call reaches the SIP server and when its identified as a external IDD call it will be routed to the IP-PBX gateway. Then the call will be guided to the 2Mb SLT leased line internet connection through the VoIP and the call will be made to the receiver via internet. By using this method the company can save lot of money by using a connection which is cheap than going through the PSTN line.
Figure 4: IP-PBX
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.5.2 PABX (Private Automated. Branch Exchange)
We are proposing to use a PABX in the network because it's one of the main essential equipments used in the VoIP technology. PABX is connected to the main switch in our system and to 5 SLT Telephone lines. Once a call reaches the SIP server and when its identified as a external local call it will be routed to the PAPBX gateway. From the PABX it will connect to one of the telephone lines depending on the availability and will go to the receiver. This method will be most suitable if the company plans to open up other branches in the country. Any telephone on the network will be able to connect to any branch around the country by the PSTN line because of the PABX.
Figure 5 : PABX
3.3.5.3 Load Balancer We propose to use a Load balancer to connect the main and the secondary internet connection to the firewall. Load balancer will allow to transmit data in both ways in the network without any latency or any data loses. If the management requires another connection to speed up the internet it can be added directly to the load balancer without changing the current wiring or rewiring the whole network itself. So by adding this load balancer it will be much easier for the company's future internet needs. (Technet, 2010).
Figure 6 : Load Balancer
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.5.4 Routers
We propose to use three routers in the network as shown as in the Figure 1: Main network Diagram. There is separate router for each internet connection. Cisco routers would be much more suitable for the network because they have a inbuilt hardware firewall. These routers will supports many IEEE standards and many internet protocols.
Figure 7 : Cisco Router
Main server room network diagram

PSTN
Layer 3 Main switch
RJ 42 PSTN connection 2MB SLT Lease Line internet connection 2MB Dialog wimax connection
Internet
4MB SLT Lease Line internet connection
Router
Router
Main floor switch
PABX IP PBX
Load Balancer
DMZ switch
FireWall
SIP Server DC Server DNS Server DHCP Server Printer Server File Server Database Server
Layer 2 server backbone switch

Proxy Server Web Server Mail Server Application Server
Figure 8 : Server room networking plan
In The server room the most important parts of the network are kept. All the servers will be arranged neatly in racks to keep space in the server room. Server backbone switch and its relevant servers should be kept in a different rack where the DMZ switch and its relevant servers are kept separately. Layer3 Main switch and the Main floor switch should be kept in the same rack. PABX, IPPBX, Load Balancer, Routers should be kept in the same rack where they can be connected to outside networks easily via the cables. PABX connects to the PSTN line via RJ11 cables. All the other cables in the Server room will be STP CAT 6. We have used STP because the cable itself cancels electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). And also STP reduces electrical noise both within the cable (pair-to-pair coupling, or crosstalk). But the STP cables are more expensive and its difficult to install. STP cables both ends should be properly grounded. This is why we propose to use the STP cables only in the Server room, the cable duct and in limited places in the second floor where the sensitive data is collected. (Cisco Press, 2003)
3.4 Ground Floor

3.4.1 Floor diagram and the Network diagram
Layer 2 switch
v1
Kitchen
v2
0 ft. 5.2 in. x 0 ft. 5.2 in.
VIP BUSINESS CENTER
Main switch
1 ft. 1.7 in. x 1 ft. 1.7 in.
restuarent
Cable conduct
Check in counters
Cat6 2R
1R
reception
Help desk
1S
Cat6 2S
Sales outlets
Layer 21Sswitch
T1
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.4.2 Floor description and Network Description
The Ground floor of the Seashells-Reef hotel consists of 36 computers and two printers. All of them are connected to the main switch in the ground floor. In the Front office the computers are divided as Reception 1 computer and a printer, help desk 2 computers and check in counters 2 computers. IP phones are placed in the VIP business center, help desk, reception, Restaurant, kitchen and the check in counters. All the IP phones are connected to the layer 2 switches in the ground floor. In the lobby area we have established a wireless terminal so that it will provide wireless service to the ground floor of the hotel. The VIP business Centre is especially for customers who engage in business both overseas and locally. The main objective of the VIP business center is to provide browsing facilities for the customers. There it consists of 25 computers all together and one printer. All the devices in the VIP center are connected to a layer 2 switch through a patch panel. In the restaurant area there are 3 computers and in the kitchen there is one and in the sales outlet 2 computers. The Ground Floor main switch is a 48 port switch which is connected to the server room main switch using a Cat6 cable. The reason behind using cat 6 cables is because it consists of a higher bandwidth and transfers data at a faster rate. We have used separate switches for VIP center and the other departments because if something goes wrong in the switch it will affect only a part of the hotel and not as a whole. Meaning if the switch in the VIP center gets destroyed it will not affect the restaurant, sales outlets and the front office. Therefore it is very important to have two switches separately in order to ensure security and safety. Used equipment We propose that 48 port layer 2 switches and a 24 port layer 2 switches would be the most suitable network plan for the ground floor. The reason for using a 48 port switch is if the VIP business department decides to increase the number of computers it can increase up to 45-48 computers if necessary. Same reason implies for the 24 port switch. i.e.: if the restaurant or any other department wants to increase the number of devices such as computer, printer, IP phone then it can be done easily. Please make note that all cables used for this network plan is standardized with IEEE and they are cat6 cables.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.4.3 Ground Floor wiring plan
STP
Ground Floor Main switch
Other Departments VIP BUSINESS CENTER
2'-11"
4'-9 5/8"
6'-4 13/16"
Restaurent
Sales Outlet
Kitchen
Reception Check in counter Help desk
25 computers
VIP BUSINESS CENTER
In the above wiring plan there are two sections mainly. One main section is the VIP business center and the other section combines all other departments such as reception, restaurant, kitchen, sales outlet and etc. Here all the devices of the business center will go through the wall outlet and then it will get connected to the patch panel. The main reason of putting a patch panel is to protect the switch from getting wasted. From the patch panel it will get connected to a 48 Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 27
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT port switch. The cable from that switch will be connected to the main layer 2 switches (48 ports) in the ground floor. From there it will go through the STP cable through the cable conduct and will get connected to the main layer 3 switch in the 2nd floor. On the other hand the devices of other departments along with the wireless access point will be directly connected to a layer two 24 port switch and then finally get connected to the main switch in the ground floor. 3.4.4 Assumptions for Ground Floor We have assumed all the 25 computers in the VIP business center are connected to the patch panel as shown in V1 and V2. The patch panel is connected to a 48 port layer 2 switches. (Make Note: We havent connected all the 25 computers to the switch in the diagram because if we do so then the diagram will look complicating for the user. Therefore just to give a basic idea we have connected only 2 computers and a printer as shown in V1 and V2). But in reality all the PCs have been connected to the switch.
We have assumed that we have connected all the telephone devices to the 24 port switch as shown in T1.
All the printing devices except for the printer in VIP center are connected to the 24 port switch which is situated in near the sales outlet. The printer in the VIP center is connected to the 48 port switch situated in the VIP center.
We have made an assumption that all the computers in the reception, check in counters and help desk are connected to the same 24 port switch which is located near the sales outlet.
The terms 1S and 2 S refers to the two computers in the Sales outlet. 2R represent the computers in the restaurant and we have made an assumption that all the computers in the department have been connected to the switch like in 2R. K refers to the computer which is in the kitchen department.
3.5 First Floor
80.3 in. x 80.3 in. 80.3 in. x 80.3 in.
Up
Rainbow Banquet Hall
Diamond Banquet Hall
Cable Duct
UTP CAT6
Wireless Access Point
Layer 2 Switch
Patch Panel
Banquet Services Department

80.3 in. x 80.3 in.
140'-0"
Figure 9 : 1st Floor Floor Description The First floor consists of two large halls, Diamond Banquet Hall and Rainbow Banquet hall and Banquet Services Department. The two halls are used to held functions at different occasions. The Banquet Services Department handles all the functions, reservations halls for functions, etc. The Service Department consists of 5 computers to handle its duties. Therefore networking the department was the most concerned thing to do at this floor. And also it has a printer and IP telephones for each 5 tables. A wireless access is given to the floor to give the customer satisfaction for those who attend for the functions at the hotel. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 29
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.5.4 First Floor wiring plan

Cable Duct
2nd Floor Switch
Wall
Patch Panel
5 Computers
Wall
1 Printer
Banquet Services Department
5 Telephones
Figure 10 : 1st floor wiring The five computers, the printer and the telephones are connected to the patch panel using CAT6 UTP cables. RJ-45 wall sockets in the room are connected with a UTP CAT6 cables which go through the concrete slab and walls where necessary and connect them to the patch panel. The IP telephones are also connected through RJ-45 sockets and connect to the patch panel. Then the patch panel connects to the floor main Switch which is located close. A layer 2, 24 ports switch is used to connect all the devices in this floor through the Cable duct. Patch panel connects to the Switch and it then connects to the Cable duct using UTP CAT6 cable. The additional ports in the Switch are kept for further developments to connect the additional devices. The high bandwidth and data transferring rate of Cat6 cables made to use as the cable in connecting all the devices to the Layer2 switch. RJ-45 sockets are being used where necessary to connect IP phones through the cables. The reason for use a patch panel before the cables connects to the Switch is to protect the switch. If a port gets damage its easy to replace a patch panel than a switch. The wireless access point is directly connected to the floor main Switch using Cat6 UTP cable. Finally, the main switch in the floor is connected to the cable conduct to connect it with the main server and as well as with the other floors. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 30
3.6 Second Floor

CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
Secretary
Managing Director
General Manager
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
Up
Cable Duct
CAT 6
Wi-fi Wi-fi
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6 Patch panel CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6
Layer 2 switch
STP STP CAT6 RJ11 STP
Top Level Management

STP cat 6
Firewall
STP
Layer 2 Collection switch

STP
STP
STP
Firewall
Firewall
CAT 6 CAT 6
STP
Layer 2 switch Main Floors Switch Layer 2 switch

CAT 6 CAT 6
LAYER 3 SWITCH
STP Patch panel
CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 6 Patch panel
Human Resource Department
CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
Accounts Office
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
External Offices
CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
SERVER ROOM
CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 66 CAT CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
Figure 11 : 2nd Floor 3.6.2 Floor description Shown above is the most Important Floor of the building. On the second floor there's the Managing director, secretary, General manager and the top level management rooms. Apart from those three most valuable departments of the building is situated in the 2rd floor. Those are the Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 31
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT Human Resource Department, Accounts Office and the External Offices. The most valuable and the important place of this floor is the Server room. It is the place where which connects all the network in the building. 3.6.3 Network Description
The above diagram also shows the network plan for the second floor. We have divided the whole floor for three main network areas. One of the areas is which covers the Managing director, secretary, General manager and the top level management rooms. In this area in every room has a one computer and a one phone each. In Managing director, General manager and one of the rooms in top management has a printer. All these computers, phones and the printers are connected to a 48 port patch panel which is located near the cable conduct. Although all the 48 ports are not connected we propose to use a 48 port in case of future developments. This 48 port patch panel then connects to a 48 port layer2 switch which is in the same rack of the patch panel. All the Wi-Fi points or the routers in this area are also connected to this layer 2 switch. Here also we have left few ports free for future plug ins. This layer 2 switch connects to the 24 port layer 2 collection switch which is near the server room via a software Firewall using STP CAT 6a cable. In case the management decides to put more printers, telephones and computer in the future it will be helpful to put a 24 port switch as the collection switch because one can connect more switches for the empty ports and create new networks. The Data which is coming from this area is very sensitive data and should be protected. Due to this reason we are proposing to implement a software firewall to prevent unauthorized entrance to the computers in this area. From the collection switch it connects to the Main floor switch which is a 48 port layer2 switch inside the inside the server room. STP CAT 6a cable is used because the data which transmit in these cable should be without any error. Since STP cables have reduced the error percentage and CAT 6a supports up to 10GBASE-T and has the performance up to 500Mhz this code can carry heavy load of data at the same time with minimum error percentage. Second area is which covers the Human Resource Department and the External Offices in the floor plan. In these two places there is 9 computers and 9 telephones. And also there is two printers one each for the department. All these equipments connect to a 24 port patch panel Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 32
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT which is in the human resource department. From the patch panel all the lines connect to the 24 port layer2 switch which is in the same rack with the patch panel. All the Wi-Fi points or the routers in this area are also connected to this layer 2 switch. Here also we used 24 ports switch and a patch panel for future enhancements. The layer2 switch connects with the collection switch which is near the server room via a software Firewall using STP CAT 6a cable. The Data which is coming from this area is very sensitive data and should be protected. Due to this reason we are proposing to implement a software firewall to prevent unauthorized entrance to the computers in this area. The third area is the Accounting office itself. We have separated this area because all the sensitive data about the company and credit details comes from this section alone. And we need to provide extra security for this network. At the present time there is only 10 computers, 10 telephones and 2 printers. All these devices are connected to a 48 port patch panel where the patch panel is connected to a 48 port layer 2 switch which is in the same rack. All the Wi-Fi points or the routers in this area are also connected to this layer 2 switch. This layer 2 switch is connected to the collection switch near the server room via a firewall using a STP CAT6a cable. Here also we made the same assumption we made earlier in the above part when designing the network. The collection switch which is a 24 port layer 2 switch is situated near the server room. this switch collect all the network traffic in to itself. Then connects with the Main floor switch which is in the Server room using a STP CAT 6a cable. For further network security we propose to implement VLAN allowing the network administrator to separate these three areas into different domains. VLAN's can also be used to control broadcast domains, set up firewalls, restrict access, and inform the network manager of an intrusion. ( Varadarajan. S. 1997) We can give separate port in the collection switch for each area can only access like three separate domains for the three areas we divided. This will vastly increase the security of the network due to only authorized persons can enter their own domain. This will help to keep companies data and information safe from external networks.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.6.4 Second Floor wiring plan

STP STP
STP
Main Switch Collection Switch

STP
Main Floors Switch

STP
5 Layer2 switch 1 Layer2 switch 1 Layer 2 switch

Patch panel Patch panel Patch panel
WALL OUTLET
6 1 5 1 1
6 1 5 1 1
10 phones
2 printers 10 computers
Accounts Offices
Human Resource Department,
External Offices
Top level General Managing director management manager rooms
secretary
Figure 12 : 2nd floor wiring plan
UTP CAT 6 cables = STP CAT 6a Cables = This is the wiring plan for the second floor. All the wires or the cable will go through the concrete slab and walls and when need it will be taken out at the relevant place, from the relevant wall sockets. All the computer, telephones, printers will be connected to the RJ-45 socket in the wall by RJ-45 cable where the UTP CAT6 is connected. We have used Tree topology in connecting the network devices.
3.7 Third Floor

CAT 6
CAT 6
1640.36 532.76
2200.00
1572.15
Up
Wi-fi
Cable Duct
CAT 6
Patch panel
B A
Layer 2 switch 10 phones
CAT 6 CAT 6
10 phones
CAT 6
Layer 2 switch
CAT 6
Wi-fi
Mini Restaurant
Recreational Area
Mini bar Wi-fi
Figure 13 : Third Floor
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.7.2 Floor description Shown above is the Third floor of the building. This floor contains 18 guest rooms, Mini restaurant, Recreational Area. Seven Rooms which are on the beach side is given a balcony each.
3.7.3 Network Description The above diagram also show the network plan for the third floor. The whole floor is considered as a one area. In this floor there is 18 guest rooms which are same size. RJ-45 wall sockets in each and every room is connected with a UTP CAT6 cable which will go through the concrete slab and walls and when need it will be taken out at the relevant place. Like the number 1 and 2 cables shown in the diagram all the UTP CAT 6 cables are connected to a 48 port Patch panel and then to a 48 port layer 2 collection switch. Every room has a IP-Telephone. All the IP telephones are also connected via RJ-45 socket and connects to the patch panel by the UTP CAT 6 cable. Free ports that are left in the patch panel and in the switch are kept for future enhancements. it will help if the management decides to add more ports to some rooms. The layer 2 switch is connected to the 24 port layer 2 main floor switch near the cable duct. There are three Wi-fi spots or Wi-fi routers in this floor. In Mini restaurant, Recreational Area and in the hallway of the between rooms. All these wifi routers are connected to the Main floor switch near the cable duct by STP CAT6 cables.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.7.4 Third Floor wiring plan
Cable Duct
STP
3rd Floor switch
WALL
Patch panel
Layer2 switch
18 phones 18 computers
Guest Rooms
Figure 14 : 3rd floor wiring
UTP CAT 6 cables = STP CAT 6a Cables = This is the wiring plan for the Third floor. All the wires or the cable will go through the concrete slab and walls and when need it will be taken out at the relevant place, from the relevant wall sockets. All the computer, telephones, printers will be connected to the RJ-45 socket in the wall by RJ-45 cable where the UTP CAT6 is connected. We have used Tree topology in connecting the network devices. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 37
3.8 Fourth Floor

CAT 6
1 2
CAT 6
Up
Wi-fi
CAT 6
Cable Duct
Patch panel
B A
CAT 6 Layer 2 switch
Patch panel
4th floor switch
CAT 6
Layer 2 switch
CAT 6
3800.00
Wi-fi
Room Service Department
Wi-fi
CAT 6 CAT 6
CAT 6
Figure 15 : Fourth Floor 3.8.2 Floor description Shown above is the Fourth floor of the building. This floor contains 25 guest rooms, Room Service Department and mini lobby area. Seven Rooms which are on the beach side is given a balcony each.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.8.3 Network Description
The above diagram also show the network plan for the fourth floor. The whole floor is considered as a one area. In this floor there is 25 guest rooms which are same size. RJ-45 wall sockets in each and every room is connected with a UTP CAT6 cable which will go through the concrete slab and walls and when need it will be taken out at the relevant place. Like the number 1 and 2 cables shown in the diagram all the UTP CAT 6 cables are connected to a 48 port Patch panel and then to a 48 port layer 2 collection switch. Every room has a IP-Telephone. All the IP telephones are also connected via RJ-45 socket and connects to a different 48 port patch panel by the UTP CAT 6 cable. And then that patch panel will be connected to a 48 port layer 2 switch as shown in the diagram. Free ports that are left in the patch panels and in the switch are kept for future enhancements. it will help if the management decides to add more ports to some rooms. Both layer 2 switch's are connected to the 24 port layer 2 main floor switch near the cable duct. The computers in the Room service Department are directly connected to the Main floor switch by using STP CAT 6 cables through RJ-45 sockets. The IP telephone in the department is connected to the same patch panel that is used to connect all the IP Telephones. There are three Wi-fi spots or Wi-fi routers in this floor. In Mini lobby, Room service department and in the hallway of the between rooms. All these Wi-fi routers are connected to the Main floor switch near the cable duct by STP CAT6 cables.
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.8.4 Fourth Floor wiring plan
Cable Duct
STP
4th Floor switch
WALL
Patch panel
Layer2 switch
WALL
30 phones 30 computers
Patch panel
Layer2 switch
Guest Rooms
WALL
2 computers 1 phone
Room Service Department

Figure 16: fourth floor wiring UTP CAT 6 cables = STP CAT 6a Cables = This is the wiring plan for the fourth floor. All the wires or the cable will go through the concrete slab and walls and when need, it will be taken out at the relevant place, from the relevant wall sockets. The entire computer, telephones, printers will be connected to the RJ-45 socket in the wall by RJ-45 cable where the UTP CAT6 is connected. We have used Tree topology in connecting the network devices. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 40
3.9 Fifth Floor

CAT 6
CAT 6
532.76
Up
Wi-fi
Cable Duct
B A
Layer 2 switch
4685.72
CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6 CAT 6
Layer 2 switch
CAT 6
CAT 6
CAT 6
Wi-fi
Pool Pool
Wi-fi
POOL AREA
WASHER WASHER
Pool
WASHER
WASHER
HOUSE KEEEPING DEPARTMENT
LAUNDARY
Figure 17 : Fifth floor
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.4.2 Floor description and Network Description
The fifth floor of the Seashells Reef hotel consist of 18 guest rooms, one house keeping department and a Laundry. The guests are provided the facility of accessing the internet from their respective rooms. This is done by installing a network cable to each room. Therefore if the guests want to access internet they just have to plug the network cable into their personal computers or any other device. In the diagram we have shown how the cables are been connected to the guest rooms. In addition to this there is another way in which the users can have access to the internet. This is through wireless access points which have been established in each floor. The advantage is the users dont need to have network cables in order to access internet. The housekeeping department consists of two computers and they are connected to a layer 2 switch by a cat 6 cable. The pool area is provided Wireless internet facility by establishing a wireless access point. This is connected to the layer two 24 port switch. (Please make note that all devices are not connected in the diagram we have made an assumption that it has been connected in reality.)
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.9.3 Fifth Floor wiring plan

POOL AREA WIRELSS ACCESS POINT
STP
MAIN SWITCH LAYER 2

LAYER 2 SWITCH
LAYER 2 SWITCH
3'-2 3/8"
WALL OUTLET
6'-4 13/16"
IP PHONES IN GUEST ROOMS
HOUSE KEEPING DEPARTMENT
18 GUEST ROOMS
The above figure represents the wire plan for Fifth floor of Seashells Reef hotel. This floor consists of a House Keeping Department, Laundry, 18 Guest Rooms and a Pool Area. 18 network cables are assigned to all the Guest rooms. All cables in the guest rooms are connected to a 24 port Layer 2 switch and then its connected to the main 24 port layer 2 Switch. House Keeping Department consists of 2 computers and pool area consists of a wireless access point and cables of both areas are connected directly to the main layer 2 switch. All cables are standardized by IEEE and are of category 6. The purpose of using cat 6 is that it provides higher bandwidth and speed so that it will provide a better service to the guests. The main switch would send out a STP cable down through the Air duct to the backbone switch in level 2. All telephones in the rooms are connected through a patch panel to the 24 port level 2 switch and thereby to the main layer 2 switch. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 43
3.10 Sixth Floor

Purchasing Department Stores
Patch Panel Layer 2 Switch
Patch Panel Layer 2 Switch

Up
Cable Duct
UTP CAT6 Floor Main Switch Patch Panel

9'-7"
Layer 2 Switch
Engineering Department
Figure 18: 6th Floor Floor Description The 6th floor consists of nine guests rooms, Engineering Department, Purchasing Department and stores. Two network cables are connected to each guest room and the customers can use Internet and as well as voice through that cables. The Engineering Department is there to get any technical supports and the Main Layer2 switch for the floor is located at the Engineering Department. The Purchasing Department has six computers with six IP telephones and a printer to get the necessary details printed. The Stores has four computers and four IP telephones for its work. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 44
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.10.2 Sixth Floor wiring plan
Cable Duct
6th Floor Switch
Guests Rooms Switch
Wall
Stores Switch Patch Panel
Guest Rooms
9 Computers 9 Telephones
Purchasing Department Switch Wall Patch Panel
Stores
4 Computers
4 Telephones
Patch Panel
Wall
6 Computers 1 Printer 6 Telephones
Purchasing Department
Figure 19: 6th floor wiring Two network cables are been sent to each guest room. RJ-45 wall sockets in each and every room are connected with a UTP CAT6 cable which will go through the concrete slab and walls where necessary and connect IP telephones too. All the cables which come from the guests
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT rooms will be connected to 24 port patch panel before it connects with the guest rooms switch. Then the guest room switch will be connected with floor main switch is located next to it.
The Purchasing Department also has six computers, six IP telephones with a printer. All the IP telephones are also connected via RJ-45 socket and connect to a patch panel by using UTP CAT 6 cable. Then the patch panel connects to the purchasing department switch before it connects with the main switch in the floor. The four computers and IP telephones in the Stores are also connected to the 24 port patch panel with UTP CAT6 cable. Then the patch panel connects to the switch in the Stores and it then connects with the floor main switch. Finally, the main switch in the floor is connected to the cable conduct to connect it with the main server and as well as with the other floors. The additional ports in the Switch are kept for further developments to connect the additional devices. The high bandwidth and data transferring rate of Cat6 cables made to use as the cable in connecting all the devices to switches. The reason for use a patch panel before the cables connects to the Switch is to protect the switch. If a port gets damage its easy to replace a patch panel than a switch
3.11 Seventh Floor

786.07
2 SEVENTH FLOOR
1
Layer 2 switch
CABLE CONDUCT
Pool
Layer 2 switch
Seventh floor which is the last floor of the hotel consist of 30 Guest rooms. Each room is installed a separate network cable so that the guests can have access to the internet from their respective rooms. In the above diagram only two rooms have been installed network cables but in reality we have connected all the 30 rooms with the cables. The cables will finally be connected to the main switch in the seventh floor as shown above. Same scenario applies to IP Phones. All 30 Phones in the guest rooms have been connected to the 48 Port layer 2 switch through a patch panel and then to the main switch. Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 47
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.11.2 Seventh Floor wiring plan
LAYER 2 MAIN SWITCH LAYER 2
WALL OUTLET 4'-9 5/8"
30 Guest Rooms
Figure 20 : 7th floor wiring plan The seventh floor of the hotel consists of 30 guest rooms. Therefore we have installed a network cable to each of the rooms so that the guest can have access to internet. We have used cat 6 cables in this scenario because it has a higher bandwidth and a speed comparing to cat 5. These cables are connected through a patch panel to the main layer 2 switch which consists of 48 ports. Since the hotel has 30 rooms by using a 48 port will allow the management to increase the capacity later on. The main reason we didnt use two 24 port switches is to reduce cost. Therefore by using a single switch will enable the management to cut down networking cost. 2 Wireless access points have been placed in the 7th floor and its directly connected to the main layer2 switch in the 7th floor. We assume that all wireless access point are connected which is not shown in the network diagram.
4.0 Reasons for server room to locate at the proposed location
In the network the server room is the most important part. It is because the actual network processing happens in the server room. With bearing that it is proposed to locate the server room in the second floor near the cable duct. To locate the server room at the proposed place was because of the following reasons. In the building the most important floor is the second floor where the management and the rest of the departments exist. Server room should be located in the floor where the most network equipments and the most network traffic comes in. Since there are 27 computers that directly use internet everyday and there are many telephones that takes calls more frequently the most network traffic will be coming through this floor. Apart from that all the information that comes from this floor is sensitive and must be protected. so it is easy to implement further Security measures when the server room is nearby. Since the cables we use are CAT6 cables, In those cables the signal reduces after 100m. By locating the server room in the Second floor we can start the network cables from there. Even if the management decides to build some more floors on the top there will be no issue in signal reducing because the cables starts from the second floor. Since the Server room is located near the cable duct it is easy to do the wiring. Since all the network cables coming from the all the floors will be going through the cable duct it is easy to get the cables out and connect to the equipments in the server room because short distance between the cable duct and the server room. Less wiring will be also required to connect the cable because of this. Security vice the Second floor is the most secured floor in the building. Only authorized people can get in to this floor. Only hotel management and the staff can enter this floor. No guests will be allowed in this floor. Because of this no unauthorized people can enter
Seashells-Reef | 4.0 Reasons for server room to locate at the proposed location 49
[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT the server room without any clearance. This will help to keep all the important networking equipments and data physically safe. In case of disaster like floods the second floor can be a very suitable place to keep the equipments protected. Due to the heavy costs of these equipments all these equipments should be kept out of harm's way. And also due to the fact that the server room is in the second floor in a disaster situation one can easily evacuate the equipments and reconstruct the equipments .
Seashells-Reef | 50
5.0 Backup/Recovery Plans

This is one of the main aspects of our proposed network solution. The entire system has been programmed or planned to recover immediately in the case of a disaster situation or any other emergency situation. Since Seashells- Reef Hotel consist of all the main devices in the case of a fire or natural disaster the entire network could be sabotaged or damaged. This will lead to malfunction of all the main activities/processes which are running inside the hotel. Meaning since most of the hotel functions are based on the network such as VIP Business Center, Reception and other departments will stop functioning which will lead to closure of the hotel. Thinking of all those aspects our company Net Solutions included the following backup recovery plans in case of emergency. Two internet connections Considering the risk of internet connection failure maybe because of the fault of the Internet Service Provider (ISP) we decided to go for two internet connections. The reason is if there is only one connection the entire hotel will have to solely depend on a single connection and in the case of internet failure most of the departments such as VIP Business Center will stop functioning. Our primary internet connection is a SLT 4MB Leased line internet connection. The secondary connection is the Dialog Telecoms 2MB Wi-MAX internet connection.
Seashells-Reef | 5.0 Backup/Recovery Plans 51
6.0 Cabling
Seashells-Reef | 6.0 Cabling 52
7.0 Internet Connectivity

The main proposed internet connections for proposed network plan are to have a 4Mbps SLT leased line connection and a 2Mbps Dialog Wi-Max connection for the VIP users. The purpose of selecting a leased line is because SLT is monitoring the connection while providing a highly reliable, user friendly, uninterrupted service and at the same time they provide an accurate speed as well. (Sri Lanka Telecom, 2010) The Dialog Wi-Max connection which can be accessed by many numbers of users at the same time with a high bandwidth allows the VIP personals to use internet in a more easy way than the ordinary users. Also the Wi-Max wireless broadband service is used for the VoIP implementation in the proposed network plan. And another advantage is that we can use the WiMax broadband connection as a backup plan for the network.
The Advantages in using Dialog Wi-Max wireless broadband Service
The main purpose of having a dialog Wi-Max connection is that to use it as a backup internet plan. And also it uses to give the VoIP connections where necessary in the network.
The Advantages in using SLT Leased Line Service
A leased line dedicates a separate connection with high bandwidth. A maximum internet connection speed of 2Mbps. (Sri Lanka Telecom, 2010) It moves data faster even if around 200 devices get connected at ones.
Seashells-Reef | 7.0 Internet Connectivity 53
8.0 IP Addressing
Building Floor Switch Ground Floor Switch Ground Floor IP Range Net IP Broadcast IP
192.168.010.0/24 192.168.101.0/24 192.168.104.0/24 192.168.106.0/24 192.168.200.0/24 192.168.015.0/24 192.168.109.0/24 192.168.102.0/24 192.168.020.0/24 192.168.201.0/24 192.168.202.0/24 192.168.207.0/24 192.168.150.0/24 192.168.025.0/24 192.168.203.0/24 192.168.204.0/24 192.168.103.0/24 192.168.030.0/24 192.168.040.0/24 192.168.210.0/24 192.168.040.0/24 192.168.080.0/24 192.168.035.0/24 192.168.104.0/24 192.168.132.0/24 192.168.164.0/24 192.168.166.0/24 192.168.045.0/24
192.168.010.0 192.168.101.0 192.168.104.0 192.168.106.0 192.168.200.0 192.168.015.0 192.168.109.0 192.168.102.0 192.168.020.0 192.168.201.0 192.168.202.0 192.168.207.0 192.168.150.0 192.168.025.0 192.168.203.0 192.168.204.0 192.168.103.0 192.168.030.0 192.168.040.0 192.168.210.0 192.168.040.0 192.168.080.0 192.168.035.0 192.168.104.0 192.168.132.0 192.168.164.0 192.168.166.0 192.168.045.0
192.168.010.255 192.168.101.255 192.168.104.255 192.168.106.255 192.168.200.255 192.168.015.255 192.168.109.255 192.168.102.255 192.168.020.255 192.168.201.255 192.168.202.255 192.168.207.255 192.168.150.255 192.168.025.255 192.168.203.255 192.168.204.255 192.168.103.255 192.168.030.255 192.168.040.255 192.168.210.255 192.168.040.255 192.168.080.255 192.168.035.255 192.168.104.255 192.168.132.255 192.168.164.255 192.168.166.255 192.168.045.255
1 Floor
st
2nd Floor Seashells Reef Hotel 3rd Floor 4th Floor
5th Floor
6th Floor
7th Floor
Front Office Lobby Other Departments VIP Business Center Banquet Service Department Halls 1st Floor Switch Main Switch Executive Office Accounts Office External Offices HR Department Main Switch Guest Rooms Recreational Area Mini Restaurant Guest Rooms Main Switch Room Service Department Main Switch Guest Rooms House Keeping Department Main Switch Stores Guest Rooms Purchasing Department Main Switch Guest Rooms
Table 1: IP Address table
Seashells-Reef | 8.0 IP Addressing 54
9.0 Project Plan

9.1 Gantt chart
Seashells-Reef | 9.0 Project Plan 55
9.2 Workload Matrix

Member contribution Malith Task description Waniganayake (CB004144) 1)Introduction Scope of the project 33.33% 100% 33.33% 33.33% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% 33.33% Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00)
2) Assumptions 3) Floor plans and network diagrams Building Description Main network diagram Main Server room Ground floor First floor Second Floor Third Floor Fourth Floor Fifth floor Sixth Floor Seventh Floor
4 ) Reasons for server room to locate at the proposed location 5) Backup/Recovery Plans 6) Cabling 7 ) IP Addressing 8) Project Plan
Gantt Chart Workload Matrix
9) Limitations
10) Conclusion
Seashells-Reef | 9.0 Project Plan 56
10.0 Limitations
There is no disaster recovery plan There is no back up cabling from building 1 to building 2. The repair cost would be high if there is damage in the backbone coaxial cable passing down through each floor, as these cables are situated behind the lift.
Could not recover from all single point of failures (e.g. in case of a fiber optic cable damage connection between Law school buildings will be loss) PSTN connection is not duplicated to provide PSTN connection to the backup server as we provided two internet connections. Network does not support IP projectors. No proper media streaming facilities included.
Seashells-Reef | 10.0 Limitations 57
11.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, the network plan and the floor plans were created based on the assignment description. In order to ensure the success of implementing this network plan and floor plans we spoke to the tech department as well as the staff(lectures, employees), to get their idea as well as their suggestion. We hope that the implementation of this network plan and floor plans would be sufficient for APIIT to built their network for the new APIIT law school This assignment helped us to get to know the real life situation when it comes to the implementation of a network in any building.
The main objective of this project was to propose a complete network plan for the three buildings of APIIT Law School. Implementing proper network plans and the necessary technology require a vast knowledge with weeks of research.
After spending hours through books, websites and other recourses we were able to gain the necessary knowledge to complete this project. The group faced many problems when we were creating the network plan and using most appropriate network devises and connecting them in an efficient manner, but with the lecturers teaching and the knowledge we gained from all books and online recourses we found the necessary solutions to the problems faced by us.
We as a group worked together using Microsoft Visio 2007 to draw the floor diagrams, network diagrams, wire diagrams and also covering each others mistakes and by educating our self we believe that the effort, team work and dedication we put for this project paid off very successfully and showed us the importance of working as a team.
Seashells-Reef | 11.0 Conclusion 58
Appendices
Seashells-Reef | Appendices 59
Meeting Minutes
Meeting/Project Name: Date of Meeting: (MM/DD/YYYY) Minutes Prepared By: 1 22th July 2011 Malith Waiganayake (CB004144) Time: Location: 1:30 2:30 APIIT L1-LB1
1. Meeting Objective To get to know the group members on a personal basis and getting to know their strengths and weeknesses which would be usefull in time to come during the assignment. Read and understand the assignment. 2. Attendance at Meeting Present Malith waniganayake (CB004144) Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00) 3. Agenda and Notes, Decisions, Issues Topic We appointed the group leader as Malith Waniganayake. Owner Malith Waniganayake Time 1:45 Absent
5. Next Meeting (if applicable) Date: (MM/DD/YYYY) 07/29/11 Time: 12:00 1:00 Location: APIIT L1-LB1
Based on our understanding received by our lecturer we did the planning phase of the assignment. ________________ Approval of Lecturer
Objective:
Seashells-Reef | Meeting Minutes 60
Meeting/Project Name: Date of Meeting: (MM/DD/YYYY) Minutes Prepared By:

1. Meeting Objective
2 29th July 2011 Malith Waiganayake (CB004144) Time: Location: 1:30 2:30 APIIT L1-LB1
Based on our understanding received by our lecturer we did the planning phase of the assignment. 2. Attendance at Meeting Present
Malith waniganayake (CB004144) Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00)
Absent
3. Agenda and Notes, Decisions, Issues Topic

Work BreakDown Structure Owner Malith Waniganayake Time 1:45
Gantt Chart
Harin Fernando Sumedha
Weekly Meeting Reports
5. Next Meeting (if applicable)

Date: (MM/DD/YYYY) 08/04/11 Time: 12:00 1:00 Location: APIIT L1-LB1
Objective :
Dividing the each floors to separate members. and understand the requirements of each floor
________________ Approval of Lecturer Seashells-Reef | Meeting Minutes 61

3 4th August 2011 Malith Waiganayake (CB004144) Time: Location: 1:30 2:30 APIIT L1-LB1
Dividing the each floors to separate members. and underatand the requirments of each floor
2. Attendance at Meeting
Present
Malith Waniganayake (CB004144) Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00) 3. Agenda and Notes, Decisions, Issues Topic 2 , 3, 4 th floors 1, 6 th floors Ground floor and the 5, 7 floors
Absent
Owner Malith Waniganayake Harin Fernando Sumedha
Time 1:45
5. Next Meeting (if applicable) Date: (MM/DD/YYYY) 08/11/11 Time: 12:00 1:00 Location: APIIT L1-LB1
Objective:
Checking the Floor diagram for errors and dividing the reserch part among group members.
________________ Approval of Lecturer
Seashells-Reef | Meeting Minutes 62

Checking the Fllor diagram for errors and dividing the reserch part among group members. 2. Attendance at Meeting Present
Malith Waniganayake (CB004144) Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00) 3. Agenda and Notes, Decisions, Issues Topic Owner Time 1:45
Absent
Main network diagram , Main Server room Cabling, Internet connectivity Building Description, Back up recovery plans
5. Next Meeting (if applicable) Date: (MM/DD/YYYY) 08/18/11 Time: 12:00 1:00
Malith Waniganayake Harin Fernando Sumedha
Location:
APIIT L1-LB1
Objective:
Finalizing the Final document and The floor diagrams
Seashells-Reef | 63

Finalizing the Final document and The floor diagrams

2. Attendance at Meeting
Present
Malith Waniganayake (CB004144) Sumedha (CB00) Harin Fernando (CB00) 3. Agenda and Notes, Decisions, Issues Topic
Absent
Owner Malith Waniganayake
Time 1:45
Finalizing the Final document and the Floor Diagrams. 5. Next Meeting (if applicable)
Date: (MM/DD/YYYY) Time: -
Harin Fernando Sumedha
Location:
Objective:
Seashells-Reef | 64
Referencing
1) Freewimaxinfo.com. 2011. Types of Servers used in Computer Networks. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.freewimaxinfo.com/server-types.html. [Accessed 17 August 11]. 2) Antivirus Ware. 2011. What is a Computer Firewall?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.antivirusware.com/articles/what-is-firewall.htm. [Accessed 17 August 11]. 3) E-tutes. 2011. Layer 3 Switching. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.e-
tutes.com/lesson8/networking_fundamentals_lesson8_3.htm. [Accessed 16 August 11]. 4) Panasonic, (2007), PABX MACHINES [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.laboskenya.com/images/Panasonic%20pabx.JPG [Accessed 17 August 11]. 5) Technet. 2010. Network Load Balancing Technical Overview. [ONLINE] Available at: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb742455.aspx. [Accessed 17 August 11] 6) Cisco Press. 2003. CCNA: Network Media Types. [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=31276. [Accessed 17 August 11] 7) Varadarajan. S. 1997. Virtual Local Area Networks . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/cis788-97/ftp/virtual_lans/index.htm. [Accessed 18 August 11] 8) Bradley. M. 2010. FTP - What Does FTP Stand For?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networkprotocols/g/bldef_ftp.htm. [Accessed 19 August 11]
Seashells-Reef | Referencing 65
Image Referencing
1) Cisco Systems, (2011), Cisco Catalyst 4948 Layer 3 Switch [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.pcrush.com/images/hi-res/109686.jpg [Accessed 16 August 11]. 2) D-Link Systems, (2011), D-link DGS-1016D 16-Port Unmanaged Layer 2 Switch [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.pcrush.com/images/hi-res/93712.jpg [Accessed 16 August 11]. 3) Cisco Systems, (2008), Cisco ADSL SOHO Security Router [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.uplinx.com.au/catalog/adsl-soho-security-router-p-30.html [Accessed 16 August 11]. 4) PBXpress, (2009), PBXpress IP PBX [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.pbxguru.com/pbx/ip-pbx.htm [Accessed 17 August 11] 5) PowerStation, (2007), PowerStation-WAN Load Balance network appliance [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.asia.ru/en/ProductInfo/1481958.html [Accessed 17 August 11] 6) ZYCOO, (2010), PBX -- 4 FXO/FXS Ports [ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/273585944/IP_PBX_4_FXO_FXS_Ports.html [Accessed 18 August 11] 7) SRI LANKA TELECOM, 2010. Leased lines. [Online]. Colombo: slt ltd. Available from: http://www.slt.lk/data/forbusiness/133sltdata.htm. [Accessed 24 May 2010].
Seashells-Reef | Image Referencing 66

NWN - Apiit

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Submitted By: Malith Waniganayake (CB004144)

Module Code and Title: AAPP006-3-2-NWN Networks and Networking

Intake Code: DF10A1ICT

Malith Waniganayake (CB004144)

ASSESSMENT MARKING SCHEME

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

Grand Total (100)

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

Seashells-Reef | Table of Contents 6

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

Seashells-Reef | 1.0 Introduction 7

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

Seashells-Reef | 2.0 Assumptions 9

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams

3.1 Building Description

The Blue cables represent STP CAT 6 cables

3.2 Main network diagram

7th floor(Layer 2 switch)

SLT 4 MB Leased Line connection

2 MB Dialog Wi-max connection

SLT 2 MB Leased Line Connection

6th floor(Layer 2 switch)

5th floor(Layer 2 switch)

PABX Cisco Router

4th floor(Layer 2 switch)

IPPBX Load balancer Cisco Router Main Floor Switch(Layer 2 switch)

3rd floor(Layer 2 switch)

2nd floor(Layer 2 switch)

1st floor(Layer 2 switch)

Ground floor(Layer 2 switch) Server backbone(Layer 2)

Print Database FTP server server Server

Figure 1: Main network diagram

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 11

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 12

3.3 Main Server room

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 13

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 14

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.3 Web Server

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 15

3.3.1.7 Domain controller server

3.3.1.8 Print Server

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 16

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.1.9 Database server

3.3.1.10 File server

3.3.1.11 SIP server (Session initiation protocol)

3.3.1.12 Backup Server

3.3.1.13 VPN Server (Virtual Private Network)

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 18

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 19

[NETWORKS AND NETWORKING] DF10A1ICT 3.3.3 Main Switch

Figure 2 : Layer 3 Cisco Switch

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 20

Figure 3 : Dlink layer2 switch

3.3.5 Other Equipments

3.3.5.1 IP PBX (Internet Protocol Private Branch Exchange)

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 21

Figure 6 : Load Balancer

Seashells-Reef | 3.0 Floor plans and network diagrams 22