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JUNIOR MATHS IA
CHAPTER WISE IMPARTANT QUESTIONS for IPE
By MNRAO, Maths Sr.Faculty


FUNCTIONS
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following are injections or surjections or bijections ? Justify your answers
i) : f R R defined by ( )
2 1
3
x
f x
+
=
ii) ( ) : 0, f R defined by ( ) 2
x
f x =
iii) ( ) : 0, f R defined by ( ) log
e
f x x =
iv)
[ ) [ ) : 0, 0, f defined by ( )
2
f x x =
2. Is ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { }
1,1 , 2, 3 , 3, 5 , 4, 7 g = is a function from { } 1, 2, 3, 4 A = to { } 1, 3, 5, 7 B = ? If this is
given by the formula ( ) g x ax b = + , then find a and b.
3. If the function : f R R defined by ( )
3 3
2
x x
f x

+
= , then show that
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 f x y f x y f x f y + + =
4. If ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2, , 2 f x g x x h x x = = = for all x R , then find ( ( )( ) ( )
fo goh x
5. Find the inverse of the following functions
i. If , , : a b R f R R defined by ( ) ( ) 0 f x ax b a = +
ii. ( ) : 0, f R defined by ( ) 5
x
f x =
iii. ( ) : 0, f R defined by ( )
2
log f x x =
6. Define surjection
7. Find the domains of the following real valued functions.
i. ( )
( )( )
2
1
1 3
f x
x x
=
+

ii. ( )
( )
1
log 2
f x
x
=

iii. ( )
2
1
1
f x
x
=

iv. ( )
2
25 f x x =
8. Find the ranges of the following real valued functions
i.
2
4
2
x
x

9. If ( ) ( ) ( ) { }
1, 2 , 2, 3 , 3, 1 f = then find
i. 2 f ii. 2 f + iii.
2
f iv. f
10. Find the domains of the following real valued functions
i. ( )
2 2 x x
f x
x
+ +
=
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SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If the function f is defined by ( )
2, 1
2, 1 1, then find the values of
1, 3 1
x x
f x x
x x
+ >

< <

(i) ( ) 3 f , (ii) (0) f , (iii) ( ) 1, 5 f , (iv) ( ) ( ) 2 2 f f + , (v) ( ) 5 f
2. If { } : 1 f R R is defined by ( )
1
log
1
x
f x
x
+
=

, then show that ( )

2
2
2
1
x
f f x
x
| |
=
|
+
\

3. If : , : f R R g R R defined by ( ) ( )
2
3 2, 1 f x x g x x = = + then find
(i)
( )( )
1
2 gof

, (ii) ( )( ) 1 gof x
4. Let ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { }
1, , 2, , 4, , 3, f a c d b = and ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) { }
1
2, , 4, , 1, , 3, g a b c d

= , then show that

( )
1
1 1
gof f og

=
5. If ( ) ( )
1
1
1
x
f x x
x
+
=

then find ( )( ) fofof x and ( )( ) fofofof x

6. Let : , : : f A B g B C and h C D . Then ( ) ( ) ho gof hog of = , that is, composition of
functions is associative.
7. If : , : f R R g R R are defined by ( ) ( )
2
4 1 2 f x x and g x x = = + then find
(i) ( )( ) gof x (ii) ( )
1
4
a
gof
+ | |
|
\

(iii) ( ) fof x (iv) ( ) ( ) 0 go fof
8. If : f Q Q is defined by ( ) 5 4 f x x = + for all x Q , show that f is a bijection and find
1
f



LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Let : , : f A B g B C be bijections. Then : gof A C is a bijection.
2. Let : ,
A B
f A B I and I be identity functions on A and B respectively. Then
A B
foI f I of = =
3. Let : , : f A B g B C be bijections. Then ( )
1
1 1
gof f og

= .
4. Let : f A B be a bijection. Then
1 1
B A
fof I and f of I

= = .
5. Let : f A B be a function. Then f is a bijection if and only if there exists a function
: g B A such that
B A
fog I and gof I = = and in this case,
1
g f

=


2. MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

Using mathematical induction, prove the following for all n N
1. 2.3 3.4 4.5 ... + + + upto n terms
( )
2
6 11
3
n n n + +
=
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2.
( )( )
1 1 1 1
...
1.3 3.5 5.7 2 1 2 1 2 1
n
n n n
+ + + + =
+ +

3. 4 3 1
n
n is divisible by 9
4. 1.2.3 2.3.4 3.4.5 ... + + + upto n terms
( )( )( ) 1 2 3
4
n n n n + + +
=
5.
3 3 3 3 3 3
1 1 2 1 2 3
....
1 1 3 1 3 5
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
upto n terms
2
2 9 13
24
n
n n ( = + +


6.
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 2 1 2 3 ... + + + + + + upto n terms
( ) ( )
2
1 2
12
n n n + +
=
7. Show that 49 16 1
n
n + is divisible by 64 for all positive integers n .
8. Show that
1 1 1
, ...
1.4 4.7 7.10
n N + + + upto n terms
3 1
n
n
=
+
.


3. ADDITION AND SCALAR MULTIPLICATION OF VECTORS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Let 2 3 a i j k = + + and 3 b i j = + . Find the unit vector in the direction of a b + .
2. If , 3 2 , 2 2 OA i j k AB i j k BC i j k = + + = + = + and 2 3 CD i j k = + + , then find the vector
OD.
3. 2 5 a i j k = + + and 4 b i mj nk = + + are collinear vectors, then find m and n .
4. Find the vector equation of the line passing through the point 2 3 i j k + + and parallel to the
vector 4 2 3 i j k + .
5. Find the vector equation of the line joining the points 2 3 i j k + + and 4 3 i j k + .
6. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points
2 5 , 5 , i j k j k + and 3 5 i j +




SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If , , a b c are linearly independent vectors, then show that
i. 2 3 , 2 3 4 , 2 a b c a b c b c + + + are linearly dependent
ii. 3 2 , 2 4 , 3 2 a b c a b c a b c + + are linearly independent.
2. If , , a b c are non-coplanar vectors, then test for the collinearity of the following points whose
position vectors are given
i. 3 4 3 , 4 5 6 , 4 7 6 a b c a b c a b c + + +
3. If , , a b c are noncoplanar find the point of intersection of the line passing through the points
2 3 , 3 4 2 a b c a b c + + with the line joining the points 2 3 , 6 6 a b c a b c + +
4. Find the vector equation of the plane which passes through the points 2 4 2 i j k + + , 2 3 5 i j k + +
and parallel to the vector 3 2 . i j k + Also find the point where this plane meets the line joining
the points 2 3 i j k + + and 4 2 3 i j k +
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5. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through points 4 3 , 3 7 10 i j k i j k + and
2 5 7 i j k + and show that the point 2 3 i j k + lies in the plane
6. If the points whose position vectors are 3 2 , 2 3 4 , 2 i j k i j k i j k + + + and 4 5 i j k + +
are coplanar, then show that
146
7

=
7. Let A B C D E F be a regular hexagon with centre O. Show that
AB + AC + AD + AE + AF=3 AD=6 AO
8. In the two dimensional plane, prove by using vector methods, the equation of the line whose
intercepts on the axes are a and b is 1
x y
a b
+ = .
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If i,j,k are unit vectors along the positive directions of the coordinate axes, then show that the four
points 4 5 , , 3 9 4 i j k j k i j k + + + + and 4 4 4 i j k + + are coplanar.
2. In ABC , if O is the circumcentre and H is the orthocentre, then show that
(i) OA OB OC OH + + = (ii) 2 HA HB HC HO + + =


4. MULTIPLICATION OF VECTORS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Find the angle between the vectors 2 3 i j k + + and 3 2 i j k +
2. Find the angle between the planes
( )
2 2 3 r i j k + = and
( )
3 6 4 r i j k + + =
3. Find the radius of the sphere whose equation is
( )
2
2 4 2 2 r r i j k = +
4. If
( )( )
2 4 2 2 2 0 r i j k r i j k + + + = is the equation of the sphere, then find its centre.
5. Let a i j k = + + and 2 3 b i j k = + + . Find
i. The projection vector of b and a and its magnitude
ii. The vector components of b in the direction of a and perpendicular to a .
6. If 0, 3, 5 7 a b c a b and c + + = = = = , then find the angle between a and b
7. If 2, 3 4 a b and c = = = each of , , a b c is perpendicular to the sum of the other two vectors,
then find the magnitude of a b c + +
8. If ( ) 2, 3 ,
6
p q and p q

= = = , then find
2
p q
9. If
2
4
3
p
i j pk + + is parallel to the vector 2 3 i j k + + , find p .
10. Compute
( ) ( )
2 3 4 2 j i k i j k + + .
11. Find unit vector perpendicular to both 2 3 i j k and i j k + + + +
12. Find the area of the parallelogram having 2 a j k and b i k = = + and adjacent sides
13. Find the area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are 3 2 3 4 i j k and i j k + +
14. Find the area of the triangle having 3 4 5 7 i j and i j + + as two of its sides.
15. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 2, 3 , 2, 3,1 3,1, 2 A B and C .
16. Compute i j j k k i (


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17. Find the volume of the parallelopiped having coterminus edges , 2 i j k i j and i j k + + + .
18. Find t for which the vectors 2 3 , 2 3 i j k i j k and j tk + + are coplanar
19. Determine , for which the volume of the parallelopiped having conterminus edges
, 3 3 i j i j and j k + + is 16 cubic units.
20. Find the volume of the tetrahedron having the edges , 2 i j k i j and i j k + + + + .
21. If a,b,c are mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of [ ]
2
a b c
22. If 2 3 a i j k = + and 3 2 b i j k = + , then show that a b + and a b are perpendicular to each
other
23. Let a and b be non-zero, non collinear vectors. If a b a b + = , then find the angle between
a and b
24. Find the angle between the planes 2 3 6 5 6 2 9 4 x y z and x y z = + =
25. If , , P Q R and S are points whose position vectors are
, 2 , 2 3 3 2 i k i j i k and i j k + respectively, then find the component of RS on PQ.
26. Find the equation of the sphere with the line segment joining the points
( ) ( ) 1, 3, 1 2, 4,1 A and B as diameter.
27. If 2 3 3 5 a i j k and b i j k = + + = + are two sides of a triangle, then find its area.
28. Let 2 a i j k = + and 3 4 b i j k = + . If is the angle between a and b , then find sin .
29. For any four vectors , , a b c and d , prove that
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
0 b c a d c a b d a d c d + + =

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If 0 a b c + + = , then prove that a b b c c a = = .
2. If 2 , 2 4 a i j k b i j k and c i j k = + = + = + + , then find
( ) ( )
. a b b c
3. Find the vector area and the area of the parallelogram having 2 2 2 a i j k and b i j k = + = +
as adjacent sides
4. If 13, 5 . 60 a b and a b = = = then find a b
5. Find unit vector perpendicular to the plane passing through the points
( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 2, 3 , 2, 1,1 1, 2, 4 and .
6. If 2 3 3 , a i j k b i j k and c i j k = + + = + = + , then compute
( )
a b c and verify that it is
perpendicular to a.
7. If 7 2 3 , 2 8 a i j k b i k and c i j k = + = + = + + , then compute
( )
, a b a c and a b c + . Verify whether the cross product is distributive over vector addition.
8. 3 2 , 3 2 , 4 5 2 3 5 a i j k b i j k c i j k and d i j k = + = + + = + = + + ,
then compute the following.
i.
( ) ( )
a b c d and ii.
( ) ( )
. a b c a d b
9. , , a b c are non-zero vectors and a is perpendicular to both b and c. If
( )
2
2, 3, 4 ,
3
a b c and b c

= = = = , then find a b c (


10. If , a b and c are non-coplanar vectors, then prove that the four points with position vectors
2 3 , 2 3 , 3 4 2 a b c a b c a b c + + + and 6 6 a b c + are coplanar.
11. Find the volume of the tetrahedron whose vertices are ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 2,1 , 3, 2, 5 , 2, 1, 0 and ( ) 1, 0,1 .
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12. Show that the equation of the plane passing through the points with position vectors
3 5 , 5 7 i j k i j k + + and parallel to the vector 3 7 i j k + is 3 2 0 x y z + =
13. If
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1, , , 1, , 1, , A a a B b b and C c c = = = are non-coplanar vectors and
2 3
2 3
2 3
1
1 0
1
a a a
b b b
c c c
+
+ =
+
,
then show that 1 0 a b c + =
14. If 2 3 , 2 , 2 a i j k b i j k c i j k = + = + + = + + then find
( ) ( )
a b c and a b c
15. Show that the points 2 , 3 5 3 4 4 i j k i j k and i j k + are the vertices of a right angled
triangle. Also find the other angles.
16. Prove that the smaller angle between any two diagonals of a cube is given by
1
cos
3
= .
17. With the usual notation the following is true in any ABC .

sin sin sin
a b c
A B C
= =
18. If 0 , A B , then ( ) sin sin cos cos sin A B A B A B =
19. Show that ( ) ( ) ( )
2 i a i j a j k k a a + + = for any vector a.
20. Prove that for any three vectors , , , 2 a b c b c c a a b a b c ( ( + + + =


21. For any three vectors , , a b c , prove that
2
b c c a a b a b c ( ( =


22. Let a,b and c be unit vectors such that b is not parallel to c and
( )
1
2
a b c b = . Find the angles
made by a with each of b and c.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. A line makes angles
1 2 3 4
, , and with the diagonals of a cube. Show that
2 2 2 2
1 2 3 4
4
cos cos cos cos
3
+ + + =
2. If b c d c a d a b d a b c ( ( ( ( + + =

, then show that the points with position vectors a,b,c
and d are coplanar.
3. If ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 2, 1 , 4, 0 3 , 1, 2, 1 2, 4, 5 A B C and D = = , find the distance between AB and
CD.
4. If 2 , 2 , 2 a i j k b i j k c i j k = + = + + = + find
( ) ( )
a b c and a b c
5. If 2 3 , 2 3 2 a i j k v i j k and c i j k = = + = + , verify that ( ) ( ) a b c a b c
6. If 2 3 , 2 , 4 a i j k b i j k c i j k = + = + = + and d i j k = + + , then compute ( ) ( ) a b c d
7. Let
1 2
and be non-negative real numbers such that
1 2
+ . Then
(i) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
cos cos cos sin sin = +
(ii) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
cos cos cos sin sin + =
8. In any triangle prove that the altitudes are concurrent.
9. Find the shortest distance between the skew lines

( ) ( )
6 2 2 2 2 r i j k t i j k = + + + + and
( ) ( )
4 3 2 2 r i k s i j k = +
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10. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point ( ) 3, 2, 1 A = and parallel to the vectors
2 4 3 2 5 b i j k and c i j k = + = +
11. For any four vectors , , a b c and d ,
( ) ( )
a b c d a c d b b c d a ( ( =

and
( ) ( )
a b c d a b d c a b c d ( ( =


12. Let , , a b c be three vectors. Then
(i)
( ) ( ) ( )
. . a b c a c b b c a = (ii)
( ) ( ) ( )
. . a b c a c b a b c =
MATRICES

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1) If
3 2 8 5 2
2 6 2 4
x y
z a
( (
=
( (
+

then find the values of x, y, z and a
02. Find the trace of
1 3 5
2 1 5
2 0 1
(
(

(
(


03. Find the following products wherever possible

2 2 1 2 3 4
1 0 2 2 2 3
2 1 2 1 2 2
( (
( (

( (
( (


04.
3 4 9
13 2 0
0 1 5
0 4 1
2 6 12
(
(
(

(
(

(


05. If A =
1 2 3
2 5 6
3 7 x
(
(
(
(

is a symmetric matrix, then find x.
06. If
2 2 2 2
, 1
a ib c id
A a b c d
c id a b
+ + (
= + + + =
(
+

then find the inverse of A
07. If
1 2 5 1 2
0 2 2 0 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
x y x y
z
a
( (
( (
=
( (
( ( +

then find the values of x, y, z and a.
08. If
2 3 1 1 2 1
6 1 5 0 1 3
A and B
( (
= =
( (


the find the matrix X such that A + B X = 0 What is
the order of the matrix X ?
09. If
1 2 3 8
,
3 4 7 2
A B
( (
= =
( (

and 2X + A = B then find X.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

01. If
1 0 0 1
and E
0 1 0 0
I
( (
=
( (

then show that ( )
3
3 2
3 . aI bE a I a bE + = +
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02. If
0 2 1
2 0 2
1 0
A
x
(
(
=
(
(

is a skew symmetric matrix, then find x.
03. FI
1 5 3
2 4 0
3 1 5
A
(
(
=
(
(

and
2 1 0
0 2 5
1 2 0
B
(
(
=
(
(

then find
'
3 4 A B
04. If
1 2 2
2 1 2
2 2 1
A
(
(
=
(
(

then show that the adjoint of A is 3A. Find
1
A

05. If
3 3 4
2 3 4
0 1 1
A
(
(
=
(
(

then show that
1 3
A A

=
06.
1 2 3
2 3 4
0 1 2
(
(
(
(


07. If
cos sin
sin cos
A


(
=
(

then show that for all the positive integers n,
cos sin
sin cos
n
n n
A
n n


(
=
(

08. If
1 2
2 1 2
3 0
1 3 4
5 4
A and B
(
(
(
= =
(
(

(

then verify that (AB) = BA

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

01. If
2 3
2 3
2 3
1
1 0
1
a a a
b b b
c c c
( +
(
+ =
(
(
+

and
2
2
2
1
1 0
1
a a
b b
c c
(
(

(
(

then show that abc = -1
02. Show that ( )
3
2
2 2
2
a b c a b
c b c a b a b c
c a c a b
+ + (
(
+ + = + +
(
( + +


03. Show that
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
2
a b c bc a c b
b c a c ac b a
c a b b a ab c
(
(
=
(
(

=
( )
2
3 3 3
3 a b c abc + +
04. Show that ( )( )( )
2
2 4
2
a a b c a
a b b b c a b b c c a
c a c b c
+ + (
(
+ + = + + +
(
( + +


05. ( )( )( )( )
2 3
2 3
2 3
1
1
1
a a
b b a b b c c a ab bc ca
c c
= + =

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06. 9 x y z + + =
2 5 7 52 x y z + + =
2 0 x y z + =
07. 2 8 13 x y z + =
3 4 5 18 x y z + + =
5 2 7 20 x y z + =
08. 9 x y z + + =
2 5 7 52 x y z + + =
2 0 x y z + =
09. 0 x y z + =
2 0 x y z + =
3 6 5 0 x y z + =
10. Show that 2
b c c a a b a b c
c a a b b c b c a
a b b c c a c a b
+ + + ( (
( (
+ + + =
( (
( ( + + +


11. Show that ( )
3
2 2
2 2
2 2
a b c a a
b b c a b a b c
c c c a b
(
(
= + +
(
(


12. Find the value of x if
2 2 3 3 4
4 2 9 3 16 0
8 2 27 3 64
x x x
x x x
x x x
(
(
=
(
(


13. If
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
a b c
A a b c
a b c
(
(
=
(
(

is a non-singular matrix then A is invertible and
1
det
AdjA
A
A

=
14. Show that the following system of equations is consistent and solve it completely:
3
2 2 3
1
x y z
x y z
x y z
+ + =
+ =
+ =


15. Solve the following simultaneous linear equations by using Cramers rule.
3 4 5 18 x y z + + =
2 8 13 x y z + =
5 2 7 20 x y z + =
16. Solve the following equations by Gauss Jordan method
3 4 5 18 x y z + + =
2 8 13 x y z + =
5 2 7 20 x y z + =
17. Let A and B are invertible matrices. Then
1
, ' A A

and AB are invertible further.

i)
( )
1
1
A A

= ii)
( ) ( )
1 1
1 1
A A

= iii) ( )
1
1 1
AB B A

=




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5. TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS AND TRANSFORMATIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If ( ) cos 0 1 t t = < < and does not lie in the first quadrant, find the values of
(i) sin (ii) tan
2. If A,B,C are angles of a triangle, then prove that
2 3
cos cos 0
2 2
A B C A C + + | | | |
+ =
| |
\ \


3. If A,B,C,D are angles of a cyclic quadrilateral, then prove that
(i) sin sin sin sin A C D B =
4. Draw the graph of ( ) sin 2 , y x in =
5. Find the periods of the functions
(i) ( ) sin f x x =
6. Find the value of (i)
2 2
1 1
sin 82 sin 22
2 2
o o

(ii)
2 2
1 1
cos 112 sin 52
2 2
o o

7. Find the period of the function defined by ( )
4 4
sin cos f x x x = + for all x R .
8. Find the extreme values of 5cos 3cos 8
3
x x
| |
+ + +
|
\
over R.
9. Find the maximum and minimum values of the following functions over R.
(i) ( ) 5sin 12cos 13 f x x x = +
10. Prove that (i)
2 2
5 1
sin 24 sin 6
8
o o

=
11. If
4
tan
3
A = , find the values of
(i) sin 2A (ii) cos 2A
12. If
12
tan
5
A

= and 630 720
o o
A < < find the values of
(i) sin
2
A
(ii) cos
2
A

13. If is not an odd multiple of
2

and if tan 1 , then show that

1 sin 2 cos 2
tan
1 sin 2 cos 2

+
=
+ +

14. If tan
b
a
= , then prove that cos 2 sin 2 a b a + = .
15. Prove that
1 3
4
sin10 cos10
o o
= .
16. Find the extreme values of the following functions over R.
(i)
2 2
cos . cos .cos
3 3
x x x
| | | |
+
| |
\ \

17. If cos 0, tan sin m > + = and tan sin n = , then show that
2 2
4 m n mn =
18. Prove that
2
1 1 3 1
sin 52 sin 22
2 2 4 2
o o
+ | | | |
=
| |
\ \

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19. Show that cos 42 cos 78 cos162 0
o o o
+ + =
20. Prove that
1
sin 21 cos9 cos84 cos 6
4
o o o o
=
21. Find the values of
2 2
cos 45 sin 15
o o



SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If
4
tan
3

= and does not lie in 4
th
quadrant, prove that
5sin 10cos 9sec 16cos 4cot 0 ec + + + + =
2. Prove that ( ) ( ) ( )
4 2
6 6
3 sin cos 6 sin cos 4 sin cos 13 + + + + =
3. If
2sin
1 cos sin
x

=
+ +
, find the value of
1 cos sin
1 sin

+
+

4. If
3
cos sin ec a = and
3
sec cos b = , then prove that
( )
2 2 2 2
1 a b a b + =
5. If 225
o
A B + = , then prove that
cot cot 1
.
1 cot 1 cot 2
A B
A B
=
+ +

6. If 0
4
A B

< < < , ( ) ( )
7 12
sin , cos
25 13
A B A B + = = , find the value of tan 2A
7. If ( ) ( ) cos , cos , cos + are in H.P., Then prove that
2
cos 1 cos = +
8. Prove the following
(i)
2 4 8 1
cos cos .cos
7 7 7 8

=
9. If
3
cos
5
= and
5
cos
13
= and , are acute angles, then prove that
(i)
2
16
cos
2 65
+ | |
=
|
\

10. If A is not an integral multiple of , prove that

sin16
cos .cos 2 .cos 4 .cos8
16sin
A
A A A A
A
= and hence deduce that
2 4 8 16 1
cos .cos .cos .cos
15 15 15 15 16

=
11. Prove that
( )
4 cos 66 sin84 3 15
o o
+ = +
12. If
1
sin sin
4
x y + = and
1
cos cos
3
x y + = , then show that
(i)
3
tan
2 4
x y +
=
13. If neither
( )
15
o
A nor
( )
75
o
A is an integral multiple of 180
o
, prove that
( ) ( )
4cos 2
cot 15 tan 15
1 2sin 2
o o
A
A A
A
+ + =

14. Prove that (if none of the denominators is zero)


2.cot ,
cos cos sin sin
2
sin sin cos cos
0 ,
n n n
A B
if n is even
A B A B
A B A B
if n is odd
| |
+ + | | | | |
+ =
\
| |

\ \

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15. If ( ) ( ) sec sec 2sec + + = and cos 1 , then show that cos 2 cos
2

=
16. If , , x y z are non zero real numbers and if
2 4
cos cos cos
3 3
x y z


| | | |
= + = +
| |
\ \
for some
R , then show that 0 xy yz zx + + =
17. If 270
o
A B C + + = , then prove that
(i) sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 4 sin sin cos A B C A B C + =
18. If
2
sec tan
3
+ = , find the value of sin and determine the quadrant in which lies.
19. If cos sin 2 cos + = , prove that cos sin 2 sin = .
20. If 45
o
A B + = then prove that
(i) ( )( ) 1 tan 1 tan 2 A B + + =
21. If
12 3
sin , cos
13 5
A B = = and neither A nor B is in 1
st
quadrant, then find the quadrant in which
A+B lies.
22. Let ABC be a triangle such that cot cot cot 3 A B C + + =
23. Prove that (i)
5 1
sin18
4
o

=
24. For A R , prove that
(i) ( ) ( )
1
cos .cos 60 cos 60 cos 3
4
A A A A + = and hence deduce that
(ii)
2 3 4 1
cos cos cos cos
9 9 9 9 16

=
25. If , are the solutions of the equation cos sin a b c + = (a,b,c are non-zero real numbers) then
show that
(i)
2 2
2
sin sin
bc
a b
+ =
+

(ii)
2 2
2 2
sin .sin
c a
a b


=
+

26. Prove that
4 4 4 4
3 5 7 3
sin sin sin sin
8 8 8 8 2

+ + + =
27. Prove that
2 2
3
cos 76 cos 16 cos76 cos16
4
o o o o
+ =
28. If sin sin x y a + = and cos cos x y b + = , find the value of
(i) tan
2
x y +

29. For any R , prove that
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1
cos 45 cos 15 cos 15
2
o o o
+ + =
30. Suppose ( ) is not an odd multiple of ,
2
m

is a non zero real number such that

( )
( )
sin 1
1
cos 1
m
m and
m



=
+
. Then prove that tan . tan
4 4
m B

| | | |
= +
| |
\ \


31. If A,B,C are angles of a triangle, prove that
(i) cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 4cos cos cos 1 A B C A B C + + =
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32. If A, B, C are angles in a triangle, then prove that
(i) sin sin sin 4cos cos cos
2 2 2
A B C
A B C + + =
33. If 90
o
A B C + + = , then show that
(i)
2 2 2
sin sin sin 1 2sin sin sin A B C A B C + + =
34. If A, B, C are angles of a triangle, then prove that
2 2 2
sin sin sin 1 2cos cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C
+ =
35. If ( ) ( ) cos cos , cos 0, sin 0 a b + = , then prove that
( ) ( ) tan cot a b a b + =
36. Prove that tan . tan tan tan 3
4 3
A A A A
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
and deduce that
tan 6 tan 42 tan 66 tan 78 1
o o o o
=
37. If
9

= , then prove that 16sin sin 2 sin3 sin 4 3 = and

16cos cos 2 cos3 cos 4 1 =

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If 180
o
A B C + + = , then prove that
(i)
2 2 2
cos cos cos 2 1 sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C | |
+ + = +
|
\

2. In triangle ABC, prove that
(i) cos cos cos 4cos cos cos
2 2 2 4 4 4
A B C A B C
+ + =
(ii) sin sin sin 1 4cos cos sin
2 2 2 4 4 4
A B C A B C
+ = +
3. If 360
o
A B C + + = , then prove that
( ) ( ) ( ) cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 4cos cos cos A B C D A B A C A D + + + = + + +
4. If 2 A B C S + + = , then prove that
(i) ( ) ( ) sin cos cos 1 4cos cos cos
2 2 2
S A S B C
S A S B C

+ + = +
5. If A, B, C are angles in a triangle, then prove that
sin sin sin 1 4sin , sin , sin
2 2 2 4 4 4
A B C A B C
+ + = +
6. If 2 A B C S + + = , then prove that
( ) ( ) ( ) cos cos cos cos 4cos cos cos
2 2 2
A B C
S A S B S C S + + + =








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6. TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Solve the following equations
(i)
[ ]
5 1
cos 2 , 0, 2
4

+
=
(ii)
[ ]
2
3
cos , 0,
4
=
2. Find the general solution of the following equation
(i)
2 2
5cos 7sin 6 + =
3. Find the general solution of the following equation
(i)
3 1
sin , cos
2 2


= =

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Solve the following equation and write general solution
(i)
( )
2
4cos 3 2 3 1 cos + = +
2. If
2 3
sin ,
3 2
x y and x sin y

+ = + = find x and y
3. Solve the following and write the general solution
(i) sin 7 sin 4 sin 0 + + =
(ii) sin 3 cos 2 x x + =
4. Solve the following equation
(i) tan sec 3, 0 2 + =
5. Solve sin sin 2 sin3 cos cos 2 cos3 x x x x x x + + = + +
6. If
2
sin3 sin 2cos sin 2 2cos x x x x x + + = + , find the general solution
7. Solve the equation
2
6 cos 7 cos 0 x sin x x + + =
8. If
1
tan tan
cos
x x
x
= + and [ ] 0, 2 x find the values of x .
9. If x is acute and
( ) ( )
sin 10 cos 3 68
o o
x x + = find x .
10. Solve
2
1 sin 3sin cos + =
11. If
1 2
, are solutions of the equation cos 2 sin 2 a b c + = ,

1 2
tan tan 0 and a c + then find the values of
(i)
1 2
tan tan + (ii)
1 2
tan . tan
12. If 0 < < , solve
1
cos .cos 2 .cos 3
4
=
13. If [ ]
1
cos cos .cos , 0, 6
3 3 4
x x x x

| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
, then find the sum of all the solutions of the
equations.
14. Solve the equation sin 7 sin 4 sin 0 0
2

| |
+ + =
|
\

Vanithatv - GUIDE education and career live show daily at 8.30pm 15
15. If cos 2 sin 2 a b c + = has solutions
1 2
and such that
1 2
tan tan and if 0 a c + , then
prove that ( )
1 2
tan
b
a
+ =
16. If tan sin cot cos
2 2


| | | |
=
| |
\ \
, then prove that
1
sin
4 2

| |
+ =
|
\

17. Solve the equation tan tan 2 tan 3 0 x x x + + =


7. INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Evaluate the following
(i)
1
3
2
Sin

| |

|
|
\

(iv)
( )
1
3 Cot

2. Evaluate the following
(i)
1
3
sin
2 2
Sin

| | | |

| |
| |
\ \

3. Find the values of
(i)
1
4
sin 2
3
Sin

| |
|
\

4. Find the values of the following
(i)
1
1
2
Sin

| |

|
\
(ii)
1
3
2
Cos

| |

|
|
\

5. Find the values of the following
(i)
1
4
sin
3
Sin

| |
|
\
(ii)
1
4
tan
3
Tan

| |
|
\

6. Find the values of the following
(i)
1 1
2 2
cos
3 3
Cos Sin

| | | | | |

| | |
\ \ \
(ii)
( ) ( )
2 1 2 1
sec 3 cos 2 Cot ec Tan

+




SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Prove that
(i)
1 1 1
3 12 33
5 13 65
Sin Cos Cos

+ =

2. Find the values of
(i)
1 1
3 12
sin
5 13
Cos Cos

| |
+
|
\

3. Show that
( ) ( )
2 1 2 1
sec 2 cos 2 10 Tan ec Cot

+ =
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4. Prove that
(i)
1 1 1
1 1
2 5 8 4
Tan Tan Tan


1
+ + =
(ii)
1 1 1 1
1 201
(18)
7 8 43
Tan Tan Cot Cot

1
+ = +
6. Prove that
1 1
1 1 2
tan tan
4 2 4 2
a a b
Cos Cos
b b a


| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ \

7. Solve for x :
(i) ( )
1 1 1
1 Sin x Sin x Cos x

+ =
(ii)
1 1
1
sin os 1
5
Sin C x

| |
+ =
|
\

8. Prove that
(i)
1 1 1
3 5 323
2
5 13 325
Sin Cos Cos

| | | |
=
| |
\ \

(ii)
1 1
4 1
2
5 3 2
Sin Tan


+ =

9. If
1 1 1
Cos p Cos q Cos r

+ + = , then prove that
2 2 2
2 1 p q r pqr + + + =
10. If
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
2 1 2
1 1 1
p q x
Sin Cos Tan
p q x

| |
=
|
+ +
\
, then prove that
1
p q
x
pq

=
+

11. If
1 1 1
Sin x Sin y Sin z

+ + = , then prove that

2 2 2
1 1 1 2 x x y y z z xyz + + =
12. (i) If
1 1 1
Tan x Tan y Tan z

+ + = , then prove that x y z xyz + + =
(ii) If
1 1 1
2
Tan x Tan y Tan z


+ + = , then prove that 1 xy yz zx + + =
13. Solve the following equation for x .
(i)
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
2 1 2
3 4 2
1 1 1 3
x x x
Sin Cos Tan
x x x

+ =
+ +

(ii)
1 1
tan cos sin cot , 0
2
arc arc x
x
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

14. If 0, 0 1 x y and xy < < < , then
1 1 1
1
x y
Tan x Tan y Tan
xy

| | +
+ =
|

\

15. Prove that
1 1 1
4 7 117
5 25 125
Sin Sin Sin

+ =
16. Prove that
1 1 1
4 5 16
5 13 25 2
Sin Sin Sin


| |
+ + =
|
\

17. Prove that
1 1
4 1
2
5 3 2
Sin Tan


+ =
18. If
1 1 1
Sin x Sin y Sin z

+ + = , then prove that

( )
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 2 x y z x y z x y y z z x + + + = + +
19. If
1 1
P q
Cos Cos
a b

+ = , then prove that
2 2
2
2 2
2
.cos sin
p pq q
a ab b
+ =
20. Prove that
( ) { }
2
1 1
2
1
cos sin
2
x
Tan Cot x
x

+
(
=

+

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21. Prove that arc
34
sec arc cos 17
5 4
arc ec

+ =
22. If [ ) 0,1 x , then prove that

2
1 1
2 2 2
1 2 1 1 2
tan
2 1 2 1 1
x x x
Sin Cos
x x x

| |
+ =
|
+ +
\

23. Find the number of ordered pairs ( ) , x y satisfying the equations
1 1
2
3
Sin x Sin y


+ = and
1 1
3
Cos x Cos y


= .
24. Solve : ( ) ( )
1 1 1
8
1 1
31
Tan x Tan x Tan

+ + =

8. HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If
3
sinh
4
x = , find ( ) cosh 2x and ( ) sinh 2x
2. Prove that (i) ( ) ( ) ( ) cosh sinh cosh sinh
n
x x nx nx = , for any n R
3. Prove that
tanh tanh
2cos
sec 1 sec 1
x x
echx
hx hx
+ =
+
for 0 x
4. For any x R , Prove that ( )
4 4
cosh sinh cosh 2 x x x =
5. For , x y R prove that
(i) ( ) sinh sinh cosh cosh sinh x y x y x y + = +
(ii) ( ) cosh cosh cosh sinh sinh x y x y x y + = +
6. For any x R prove that
( )
1 2
sinh log 1
e
x x x

= + +
7. If
5
cosh
2
x = , find the values of (i) ( ) cosh 2x and (ii) ( ) sinh 2x
8. If ,
4 4

| |

|
\
and log cot
4
e
x

| | | |
= +
| |
\ \
, then prove that
(i) cosh sec2 x = and (ii) sinh tan 2 x =
9. If sinh 5 x = , show that
( )
log 5 26
e
x = +
10. Show that
1
1 1
tanh log 3
2 2
e

| |
=
|
\

11. If
1
tanh
4
x = , then prove that
1 5
log
2 3
e
x
| |
= +
|
\


9. PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. If 2 ., 3 ., 4 , a cms b cms c cms = = = then find cos A.
2. If the angles are in the ration 1 : 5 : 6, then find the ratio of its sides
Vanithatv - GUIDE education and career live show daily at 8.30pm 18
3. Prove that ( ) cos sin cos sin b a C A a A C =
4. Show that
2 2
cos cos
2 2
C B
b c s + =
5. In ABC , prove that
1 2 3
4 r r r r R + + =
6. In ABC , if ( )( ) 3 a b c b c a bc + + + = find A
7. In ABC , show that ( ) cos 2 b c A s + =

8. In ABC , show that
( )
( )
2 2
2
sin
sin
B C b c
a B C

=
+

9. Show that
2 2
sin 2 sin 2 2 sin b C c B bc A + =

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Prove that
( )
2
sin
0
sin sin
B C
a
B C

=
+

2. Prove that
cos cos cos a A b B c C
bc a ca b ab c
+ = + = +
3. If 60
o
C = , then show that
(i) 1
a b
b c c a
+ =
+ +

(ii)
2 2 2 2
0
b a
c a c b
+ =


4. In ABC , prove that
1 2 3
4 cos r r r r R C + + =
5. Show that
2
cos cos cos a A b B c C
R

+ + =
6. Prove that ( )( )( )
2
1 2 2 3 3 1
4 r r r r r r Rs + + + =

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Prove that
2
cot cot cot
2 2 2
A B C s
+ + =

2. For any angle , show that ( ) ( ) cos cos cos a b C c B = + +
3. If cos cos cos 3/ 2 A B + + = , then show that the triangle is equilateral
4. If cot , cot , cot
2 2 2
A B C
are in A.P., then prove that , , a b c are in A.P.,
5. Prove that
3 2 2
1 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 4 abc R
r r r r r r r s
| | | || |
= =
| | |

\ \ \

6. Show that cos cos cos 1
r
A B C
R
+ + = +
7. If
1 2 3
, , P P P are altitudes drawn from vertices A,B,C to the opposite sides of a triangle respectively,
then show that
(i)
1 2 3
1 1 1 1
P P P r
+ + = (ii)
( )
2
3
1 2 3 3
8
8
abc
PP P
R abc

= =
8. If 13, 14, 15 a b c = = = , show that
1 2
65 21
, 4, , 12
8 2
R r r r = = = = and
3
14 r =
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9. If
1 2 3
2, 3, 6 r r r = = = and 1 r = , Prove that 3, 3 5 a b and c = = =
10. In , tan cot
2 2
B C b c A
ABC prove that
b c
| |
=
|
+
\

11. Show that
2 2 2
cot cot cot
abc
a A b B c C
R
+ + =
12. In ABC , if
1 1 3
a c b c a b c
+ =
+ + + +
, show that 60
o
C =
13. Prove that
2 2 2
cot cot cot
4
a b c
A B C
+ +
+ + =

14. Prove that ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 3
cos cos cos 3 a B C b C A c A B abc + + =
15. If
1 2 3
, , p p p are the altitudes of the vertices A, B, C of a triangle respectively, show that
2 2 2
1 2 3
1 1 1 cot cot cot A B C
p p p
+ +
+ + =

16. Show that
3 1 2
1 1
2
r r r
bc ca ab r R
+ + =