kJ

mol Mol: heat ratio mol kJ

molar mass (g) 1 mol 1 mol molar mass (g) 6.02 x 1023 1 mol 1 mol 6.02 x 1023

22.4 L 1 mol I mol 22.4 L

Equations: q=m c T or H= m c T Molarity, M = mol L

Periodic Table of the Elements

1 1A 1 1

Chemistry Reference Sheet

California Standards Test

18 8A 2

H
Hydrogen

1.01

3 2

2 2A 4

Key
11

Li
Lithium

Be
Beryllium

Na
Sodium

6.94

9.01

Atomic number Element symbol Element name Average atomic mass* 7 7B 25 8 26 9 8B 27 10 28 11 1B 29 12 2B 30

13 3A 5

14 4A 6

15 5A 7

16 6A 8

17 7A 9

He
Helium

4.00

10

B
Boron

C
Carbon

N
Nitrogen

O
Oxygen

F
Fluorine

Ne
Neon

11

12

22.99

10.81

12.01

14.01

16.00

19.00

20.18

13

14

15

16

17

18

Na
Sodium

Mg
Magnesium

22.99

24.31

19 4

20

3 3B 21

4 4B 22

5 5B 23

6 6B 24

Al
Aluminum

Si
Silicon

P
Phosphorus

S
Sulfur

Cl
Chlorine

Ar
Argon

26.98

28.09

30.97

32.07

35.45

39.95

31

32

33

34

35

36

K
Potassium

Ca
Calcium

Sc
Scandium

Ti
Titanium

V
Vanadium

Cr
52.00

Mn
54.94

Fe
Iron

Co
Cobalt

Ni
Nickel

Cu
Copper

Zn
Zinc

Ga
Gallium

Ge
Germanium

As
Arsenic

Se
Selenium

Br
Bromine

Kr
Krypton

Chromium Manganese

39.10

40.08

44.96

47.87

50.94

55.85

58.93

58.69

63.55

65.39

69.72

72.61

74.92

78.96

79.90

83.80

37 5

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

Rb
Rubidium

Sr
Strontium

Y
Yttrium

Zr
Zirconium

Nb
Niobium

Mo
95.94

Tc
(98)

Ru
101.07

Rh
Rhodium

Pd
Palladium

Ag
Silver

Cd
Cadmium

In
Indium

Sn
Tin

Sb
Antimony

Te
Tellurium

I
Iodine

Xe
Xenon

Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium

85.47

87.62

88.91

91.22

92.91

102.91

106.42

107.87

112.41

114.82

118.71

121.76

127.60

126.90

131.29

55 6

56

57

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

Cs
Cesium

Ba
Barium

La
Lanthanum

Hf
Hafnium

Ta
Tantalum

W
Tungsten

Re
Rhenium

Os
Osmium

Ir
Iridium

Pt
Platinum

Au
Gold

Hg
Mercury

Tl
Thallium

Pb
Lead

Bi
Bismuth

Po
Polonium

At
Astatine

Rn
Radon

132.91

137.33

138.91

178.49

180.95

183.84

186.21

190.23

192.22

195.08

196.97

200.59

204.38

207.2

208.98

(209)

(210)

(222)

87 7

88

89

104

105

106

107

108

109

Fr
Francium

Ra
Radium

Ac
Actinium

Rf
Rutherfordium

Db
Dubnium

Sg
Seaborgium

Bh
Bohrium

Hs
Hassium

Mt
Meitnerium

(223)

(226)

(227)

(261)

(262)

(266)

(264)

(269)

(268)

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

Ce
* If this number is in parentheses, then
it refers to the atomic mass of the most stable isotope.
Cerium

Pr
Praseodymium

Nd
144.24

Pm
(145)

Sm
150.36

Eu
Europium

Gd
Gadolinium

Tb
Terbium

Dy
Dysprosium

Ho
Holmium

Er
Erbium

Tm
Thulium

Yb
Ytterbium

Lu
Lutetium

Neodymium Promethium Samarium

140.12

140.91

151.96

157.25

158.93

162.50

164.93

167.26

168.93

173.04

174.97

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

Th
Thorium

Pa
Protactinium

U
Uranium

Np
Neptunium

Pu
Plutonium

Am
Americium

Cm
Curium

Bk
(247)

Cf
(251)

Es
(252)

Fm
Fermium

Md
Mendelevium

No
(259)

Lr
(262)

Berkelium Californium Einsteinium

Nobelium Lawrencium

232.04

231.04

238.03

(237)

(244)

(243)

(247)

(257)

(258)

Copyright 2008 California Department of Education

Formulas, Constants, and Unit Conversions

Chemistry Reference Sheet Formulas

California Standards Test

Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT Combined Gas Law: P1V1 P2V2 = T1 T2

Calorimetric Formulas No Phase Change: Q = m(T)Cp Latent Heat of Fusion: Q = mHfus Latent Heat of Vaporization: Q = mHvap

Pressure Formula: P = F A Mass-Energy Formula: E = mc 2

Constants
Volume of Ideal Gas at STP: 22.4 L mol
8 Speed of Light in a Vacuum: c = 3.00 10 m s

Specific Heat of Water: Cp(H 2O) = 1.00 cal = 4.18 J (g C) (g C) J Latent Heat of Fusion of Water: Hfus(H 2O) = 80 cal g = 334 g J Latent Heat of Vaporization of Water: Hvap(H 2O) = 540 cal g = 2260 g

Unit Conversions
Calorie-Joule Conversion: 1 cal = 4.184 J Absolute Temperature Conversion: K = C + 273 = 29.92 in. Hg Pressure Conversions: 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 Torr = 101.325 kPa = 14.7 lbs. in.2
Copyright 2008 California Department of Education