64.1 64.2 64.3 64.4 64.5 64.6 64.7 Exercises The walking verb in each of these sentences is incorrect. Which verb would be a better choice for each sentence? Look at A to help you. 1 The tramp strutted wearily homeward, his shoulders hunched in the rain. 2. The mother trudged across the bedroom, doing her best not to wake the baby. Those tight shoes with their ridiculously high heels are making her amble. Ever since he had an accident last year, he has stamped a bit. The drunken men strode unsteadily out of the pub at closing time. Please try not to stumble on the daisies ~ they look so pretty in the grass The little dog tramped after the postman and caught his trouser leg in his teeth. The sea was so rough that even the sailors were tiptocing around the decks. weVAuaw Answer these questions about the sentences in B opposite. How successful and enjoyable was the maths lesson? Did Tony’s business come to a sudden end? Did people expect Jane to do so well in her exams? Did the government seem to take each crisis smoothly and in its stride? What kind of person do you think Maria is? What do parents and teachers do to children’s dreams, if they trample on them? How exactly might this person chase the Campbells? Naukune Look at the water words in each of the example sentences in C. What does the word suggest about the way the people in those sentences are moving? Use the water words in C in sentences that illustrate the movement of water or liquid. Complete these sentences in any appropriate way. Rudi took his first steps towards becoming a doctor today when he was a very significant step for humankind. Yesterday the British government took the unprecedented step of It was a big step for me to I think you took a backward step when you ‘The business took a critical step today when it Aukene Here are some more verbs of movement. Complete a table for them like the one used in A opposite. Use a dictionary if necessary. verb type of movement reason for type of movement file saunter sidle glide mill around Which of the verbs in exercise 64.6 would these people probably do? 1 graceful dancers 4 someone who is irritatingly anxious 2 guests at a cocktail party to make you like them 3. schoolchildren going into class 5 tourists exploring in a relaxed way English Vocabulary in Use (Advanced) 147| Manner: behaviour and body language Manners hen | was a child, gentlemen used to. _ things must somehow have been pleasanter raise their hats to female acquaintances when people tried to behave in a on the street and | was taught to mind my —_gentlemanly or ladylike* way. | don't believe Ps and Qs! and to give up my seat formy _ that people observed the social graces? just ‘elders and betters” on the bus. Now!am —_ because they were anxious about doing the grown-up, no one either raises their hat tome done thing’; it was more a matter of being or offers me a seat on a crowded bus. It's as__ considerate to others and oiling the wheels if courtesy? itself is now a thing of the past! _ of? social interaction. So, let's stop being ‘Some might call it prim or starchy’ to hanker offhand? with each other and stand on after an old-fashioned code of etiquette’, but ceremony!" just a little bit more. { i ee a Sieben ' make an effort to be polite © polite in a rather formal way 2 people older than you ” polite behaviour 3 politeness (adjective = courteous) ® informal phrase for ‘socially acceptable * very formal and correct; without humour behaviour’ (opposite = not the done thing) (other words for this are strait-laced * making easier and prissy) "© casual, slightly rude 5 formal rules of behaviour "insist on formal behaviour Body language Research shows that we communicate more through body language than we are aware. Here are some examples of how we indicate emotion through body language. verb what it indicates ‘comment flutter your flirting, used of female behaviour towards a eyelashes man raise your or others’ | surprise or shock (either showing | either a person or behaviour can eyebrows or causing) raise eyebrows ewiteh nervousness repeated small movements with part of the body flinch pain or fear sudden small movement squirm embarrassment or nervousness | move from side to side on your chair in an awkward way | selfsaisfaction smile (negative associations) beam [happiness broad smile (positive associations) sniff at something | disapproval you also Sniff when you have a runny nose snort disgust or great amusement make an explosive sound by forcing air quickly up or down the nose titter nervousness or embarrassment | small laugh 148 English Vocabulary in Use (Advanced)65.1 65.2 65.3 65.4 Exercises These adjectives from A in the box below have cither positive or negative associations. Write them down in two lists — positive and negative. prissy offhand gentlemanly ladylike starchy strait-laced Match the words on the left with the words on the right to make collocations. 1 code graces 2 elders thing 3 give up on ceremony 4 mind the wheels 5 oil your seat 6 social and betters 7 stand your Ps and Qs 8 the done of etiquette Look at B and answer these questions. 1 Priscilla fluttered her eyelashes at Rob. Why might she do this? 2 Joe was twitching all evening. Do you think he was relaxed? Jane sniffed at every comment I made at the meeting. How did Jane feel about my comments? Jack flinched when I touched his arm. Why do you think he flinched? The children’s language on the bus raised a few of the other passengers’ eyebrows. ‘What must the children’s language have been like? 6 Look at the photo. Meg’s smirking and Tanya’s beaming. Who does the speaker think Jooks nicer ~ Meg or Tanya? 7 There was an occasional titter at the comedian’s jokes. Do you think the comedian was pleased at how his jokes were received? ae Circle the best of the two underlined words to complete each of these sentences. 1 Willy sniffed/snorted with laughter all through the play. 2 Whenever I'm tired or nervous, my eyelid starts to twitch/flinch. 3 Sit still and don’t squirm/smirk like that, 4 Who's Mary fluttering her eyebrows/eyelashes at now? 5 The dentist stopped drilling as soon as he felt me flinch/snort. 6 Please don’t titter/sniff — here’s a box of tissues! Here are some more verbs associated with manner. What does cach set have in common? Use a dictionary to help you. snigger, chortle, guffaw, giggle glower, scowl, frown, glare gawp, ogle, scan, leer whimper, sniffle, sob your heart out, grizzle BENS Find out more about social situations and rules of etiquette and the language used to describe them at wwwbartleby.com/95/. Note down any interesting vocabulary items you find there. English Vocabulary in Use (Advanced) 149