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Chapter 1

Section 1

Title/Heading/Objectives Standards Section Review problems The Science of Chemistry What is Chemistry? p.4 2d sr#3,4,11; 7b sr#8,10,12,14 1. Describe ways chemistry is a part of your daily life 2. Describe characteristics of three common states of matter 1b 3. Describe physical and chemical changes and give an example of each 2d 4. Identify reactants and products in a chemical reaction. 5. List four observations that suggest a chemical change has occurred. http://bit.ly/13deRXp Chemical, chemical reaction, states of matter, reactant, product Figures Describing Matter p.10 1b #1-14 1. Distinguish between characteristics of matter, including mass, volume, weight 2. Identify and use SI units in measurements and calculations 1a 3. Set up conversion factors and use them in calculations 4. Identify and describe physical properties, including density 5. Identify chemical properties. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Matter, volume, mass, weight, unit, conversion factor, physical property, density, chemical property Figures How is Matter Classified? P.21 1b sr#1-14 1, Distinguish between elements and compounds 2. Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures 3, Classify mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous 4. Explain difference between mixtures and compounds http://bit.ly/14b3WAI atom, pure substance, element, molecule, compound, mixture, heterogeneous, homogeneous figures: Matter and Energy Energy p.38 4e sr#6,7,8; 4f sr#12; 7a sr#1,2,3, 11,13; 7b sr#4,5,10 1. Explain that physical and chemical changes in matter involve transfers of energy 7b 2. Apply the law of conservation of energy to analyze changes in matter 7b 3. Distinguish between heat and temperature 7a 4. Convert between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales. 4e

2. 1

http://bit.ly/14b3WAI energy, physical change, chemical change, evaporation, exothermic, endothermic, law of conservation of energy, heat, kinetic energy, temperature, specific heat figures 2 Studying Matter and Energy p46 IE(1b sr#3, 1d sr#12; 1j sr#5,11; 1f sr#1,2,4,6,7,9,10;1g sr#8,13; 1j sr#5,11) 1. Describe how chemists use the scientific method 2. Explain the purpose of controlling the conditions of an experiment 3. Explain the difference between a hypothesis, theory, and a law. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Scientific method, hypothesis, theory, law, law of conservation of mass Figures: Measurements and Calculations in Chemistry p.54 7d sr#7; IE1b sr#1, IE1c sr#2-6,8-11 1. Distinguish between accuracy and precision in measurements. 2. Determine the number of significant figures in a measurement, and apply rules for significant calculations. 3. Calculate changes in energy using the equation for specific heat, and round the results to the of significant figures. 4. Write very large and very small numbers in scientific notation. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Accuracy, precision, significant figure Figures: 3 1 Atoms and Moles Substances are Made of Atoms p72 IE.1k sr#1, 3-9 1. State the three laws that support the existence of atoms. 2. List the five principles of John Daltons theory. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI law of definite proportions, law of conservation of mass, law of multiple proportions figures: Structure of Atoms p79 1e sr#1,2,4,5,6 1h sr#3 1. Describe the evidence for the existence of electrons, protons, and neutrons, and describe the

3 figures in correct number

2 properties of these

subatomic particles. 2. Discuss atoms of different elements in terms of their numbers of electrons, protons, and neutrons, and define the terms atomic number and mass number. 3. Define isotope, and determine the number of particles in the nucleus of an isotope. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI electron, nucleus, proton, neutron, atomic number, (atomic) mass number, isotope figures Electron Configuration p90 1i sr#1, 3-8,10,11 1j sr#2,9 1. Compare the Rutherford, Bohr, and Quantum models of the atom? 2. Explain how the wavelengths of light emitted by an atom provide information about electron 3. List the four quantum numbers and describe their significance. 4. Write the electron configuration of an atom by using the Pauli exclusion principle and the aufbau principle. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI orbital, electromagnetic spectrum, ground state, excited state, quantum number, Pauli Exclusion Principle, electron configuration, aufbau principle, Hunds Rule figures: Counting Atoms p100 3b sr#3; 3c sr#2, 4-13 1. Compare the quantities and units for atomic mass with those for molar mass. 2. Define mole, and explain why this unit is used to count atoms. 3. Calculate either mass with molar mass or number with Avogadros number given an amount in http://bit.ly/14b3WAI atomic mass, mole, molar mass, Avogadros number figures: The Periodic Table How are Elements Organized? p116 1a sr#2-5; 1d sr#1,6,11,13; 1g sr#7-10, 1. Describe the historical development of the periodic table. 2. Describe the organization of the modern periodic table according to the periodic law. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI periodic law, valence electron, group, period figures Tour of the Periodic Table p124 1b sr#2,3,13; 1c sr#1,4,5,6,10,11; 1f sr#7,8,12

3 energy levels.

moles.

4. 1 12,14

1. Locate the different families of main-group elements on the periodic table, describe their characteristic properties, and relate their properties to their electron configurations. 2. Locate metals on the periodic table, describe their characteristics, properties, and relate their properties 3 sr#1,3,9,12,13,16 elements. 2. Describe periodic trends in atomic radius, and relate them to the atomic structures of the elements. 3. Describe periodic trends in electronegativity, and relate them to the atomic structures of the elements. 4. Describe periodic trends in ionic size, electron affinity, and melting and boiling points, and relate them to the atomic structures of the elements. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI ionization energy, electron shielding, bond radius, electronegativity figures Where Did the Elements Come From?p142 1f sr#3,4,5,7-14; 1h sr#6 1. Describe how the naturally occurring elements form. 2. Explain how a transmutation changes an element into another. 3. Describe how particle accelerators are used to create synthetic elements. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI nuclear reaction, superheavy element figures Ions and Ionic Compounds Simple Ions p158 1d sr#2,4,6,12,13; 1g sr#1,3,5,7,11 1. Relate the electron configuration of an atom to its chemical reactivity. 2. Determine an atoms number of valence electrons, and use the octet rule to predict what stable to their electron configurations. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI main group element, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, halogen, noble gas, transition metal, lanthanide, actinide, alloy figures p132 1c sr#2,4,5,7,8,10,11,14,15,17,18; 1g sr#6; 2g

Trends in the Periodic Table

1. Describe periodic trends in ionization energy, and relate them to the atomic structures of the

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ions the atom is likely to form. 3. Explain why the properties of ions differ from those of their parent atoms. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI , enter quinlan19 and p5a5u, press enter; then click on visual concepts, chapter & section octet rule, ion, cation, anion figures 2 Ionic Bonding and Salts p166 2a sr#2,8; 2c sr#3-7; 2g sr#19,10,11 2. Explain how the properties of ionic compounds depend on the nature of ionic bonds. 3. Describe the structure of salt crystals (LAB) http://bit.ly/14b3WAI salt, lattice energy, crystal lattice, unit cell figures Names and Formulas of Ionic Compounds p176 2a: #1-8 1. Name cations, anions, and ionic compounds. 2. Write chemical formulas for ionic compounds such that an overall neutral charge is maintained. 3. Explain how polyatomic ions and their salts are named and how their formulas relate to their 6 1 sr#5,7,8,12 http://bit.ly/14b3WAI polyatomic ion figures 2a sr#3,9,10; 2b sr#11; 2g sr#1,2,4,6,13,14; 2h

names.

Covalent Compounds Covalent Bonds p190 1. 2. 3. 4.

Explain the role and location of electrons in a covalent bond. Describe the change in energy and stability that takes place as a covalent bond forms. Distinguish between nonpolar and polar covalent bonds based on electronegativity differences. Compare the physical properties of substances that have different bond types, and relate bond electronegativity differences. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI covalent bond, molecular orbital, bond length, bond energy, nonpolar covalent bond, polar covalent bond, dipole figures

types to

2 and polyatomic ions.

Drawing and Naming Molecules p199 2e sr#12; 2f sr#1,2,3,6-9, 11; 2h sr#4,5,10 1.Draw Lewis structures to show the arrangement of valence electrons among atoms in molecules 2. Explain the difference between single, double, and triple covalent bonds. 3. Draw resonance structures for simple molecules and polyatomic ions, and recognize when they

are required. 4. Name binary inorganic covalent compounds by using prefixes, roots, and suffixes. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI valence electron, Lewis structure, unshared pair, single bond, double bond, triple bond, resonance structure figures Molecular Shapes p208 2f sr#1,2,3,6-9,11; 2h sr#4,5,10 1. Predict the shape of a molecule using VESPR theory. 2. Associate the polarity of molecules with the shapes of molecules, and relate the polarity and the properties of a substance. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI VESPR theory figures

3 shape of molecules to

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The Mole and Chemical Composition Avogadros Number and Molar Conversions

p224 3b sr#14; 3c sr#1-5,8; 3d sr#6,7,9-

1. Identify the mole as the unit to count particles, whether atoms, ions, or molecules. 2. Use Avogadros number to convert between amount in moles and number of particles. 3. Solve problems converting between mass, amount in moles, and number of particles using Avogadros number and molar mass. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI mole, Avogadros number, molar mass

2 elements.

figures Relative Atomic Mass and Chemical Formulas p234 3d sr#1-16 1. Use a periodic table or isotopic composition data to determine the average atomic masses of 2. Infer information about a compound from its chemical formula. 3. Determine the molar mass of a compound from its formula. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI average atomic mass figures Formulas and Percentage Composition p241 3dsr#1-10 1. Determine a compounds empirical formula from its percentage composition. 2. Determine the molecular formula or formula unit of a compound from its empirical formula and its 3. Calculate percentage composition of a compound from its molecular formula or formula unit. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI percentage composition, empirical formula, molecular formula figures

3 formula mass.

8 1 chemical reaction has

Chemical Equations and Reactions Describing Chemical Reactions p260 3a sr#1-17 1. List evidence that suggests a chemical reaction has occurred and evidence that proves that a occurred. 2. Describe a chemical reaction by using a word equation and a formula equation. 3. Interpret notations in formula equations, such as those relating to states of matter or reaction

conditions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI chemical reaction, chemical equation figures Balancing Chemical Equations p267 3a sr#1-10 1. Relate the conservation of mass to the rearrangement of atoms in a chemical reaction. 2. Write and interpret a balanced chemical equation for a reaction, and relate conservation of mass equation. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI coefficient

2 to the balanced

figures Classifying Chemical Reactions p275 3a sr#1-14 1. Identify combustion reactions, and write chemical equations that predict the products. 2. Identify synthesis reactions, and write chemical equations that predict the products. 3. Identify decomposition reactions, and write chemical equations that predict the products. 4. Identify displacement reactions, and use the activity series to write chemical equations that 5. Identify double-displacement reactions, and write chemical equations that predict the products. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI combustion reaction, synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction, activity series, doubledisplacement reaction figures Writing Net Ionic Equations p286 3a sr#1-16 1. Write total ionic equations for reactions in aqueous solutions. 2. Identify spectator ions and write net ionic equations for reactions in aqueous solutions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI spectator ions figures

predict the products.

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Stoichiometry Calculating Quantities in Reactions p302 3e sr#1-7 1. Use proportional reasoning to determine mole ratios from a balanced chemical equation. 2. Explain why mole ratios are central to solving stoichiometry problems. 3. Solve stoichiometry problems involving mass by using molar mass. 4. Solve stoichiometry problems involving the volume of a substance by using density. 5. Solve stoichiometry problems involving the number of particles of a substance by using http://bit.ly/14b3WAI stoichiometry figures Limiting Reactants and Percentage Yeild p312 3e sr#1-14 1. Identify the limiting reactant for a reaction and use it to calculate theoretical yield. 2. Perform calculations involving percentage yield.

Avogadros number.

http://bit.ly/14b3WAI limiting reactant, excess reactant, actual yield figures Stoichiometry and Cars p320 3f sr#2,3,5,6,8,9; IE 1l: sr#1,4,7 1. Relate volume calculations in stoichiometry to the inflation of automobile safety air bags. 2. Use the concept of limiting reactants to explain why fuel-air ratios affect engine performance. 3. Compare the efficiency of pollution-control mechanisms in cars using percentage yield. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI N/A figures Causes of Change Energy Transfer p338 4e sr#7,16; 7a sr#1,2,3; 7d sr#4,5,6,8-

10 1 15,17,18,19

2 temperature.

1. Define enthalpy. 2. Distinguish between heat and temperature. 3. Perform calculations using molar heat capacity. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI heat, enthalpy, temperature figures Using Enthalpy p345 7d sr#1-11 1. Define thermodynamics. 2. Calculate the enthalpy change for a given amount of substance for a given change in http://bit.ly/14b3WAI thermodynamics figures Changes in Enthalpy During Chemical Reactions p350 7e sr#1-7 1. Explain the principles of calorimetry. 2. Use Hess law and standard enthalpies of formation to calculate H. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI calorimetry, calorimeter, Hess Law figures figures Order and Spontaneity p358 7e sr#1,2,3,7; 7f sr#4,5,6,8-16 1. Define entropy, and discuss the factors that influence the sign and magnitude of S for a chemical

reaction. 2. Describe Gibbs Energy, and discuss the factors that influence the sign and magnitude of G. 3. Indicate whether G values describe spontaneous or nonspontaneous reactions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI entropy, Gibbs energy figures

11 1 matter.

States of Matter and Intermolecular Forces States and State Changes p378 2d sr#1,2,8; 7c sr#4-7, 9-15; 7d: sr#3 1. Relate the properties of state to the energy content and particle arrangement of that state of 2. Explain forces and energy changes involved in changes of state. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI surface tension, evaporation, boiling point, condensation, melting, melting point, freezing, freezing point, sublimation figures Intermolecular Forces p385 2d sr#4; 2h sr#1,2,3,5-12 1. Contrast ionic and molecular substances in terms of their physical characteristics and the types of their behavior. 2. Describe dipole-dipole forces. 3. Explain how a hydrogen bond is different from other dipole-dipole forces and how it is responsible

2 forces that govern

for many of waters properties. 4. Describe London dispersion forces, and relate their strength to other types of attractions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI intermolecular forces, dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bond, London dispersion force figures Energy of State Changes p393 7c sr#1,2; 7d sr#3,7-11, 13; 7f

sr#4,5,6,12 1. Define the molar enthalpy of fusion and the molar enthalpy of vaporization, and identify them for a substance by 2. 3. 4. 5. vapor states. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI N/A figures Phase Equilibrium p399 7c sr#1-12 1. Identify systems that have multiple phases, and determine whether they are at equilibrium. 2. Understand the role of vapor pressure in changes of state between a liquid and a gas. 3. Interpret a phase diagram to identify melting points and boiling points. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI phase, equilibrium, vapor pressure, phase diagram, triple point, critical point figures Gases Characteristics of Gases p416 4a sr#3-6,8,9,10; 4b sr#7; 4g using a heating curve. Describe how enthalpy and entropy of a substance relate to state. Predict whether a state change will take place by using Gibbs energy. Calculate melting and boiling points by using enthalpy and entropy. Explain how pressure affects the entropy of a gas and affects changes between the liquid and

12 1 sr#1,2,11,12

1. Describe the general properties of gases. 2. Define pressure, give the SI unit for pressure, and convert between standard units of pressure. 3. Relate the kinetic-molecular theory to the properties of an ideal gas. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI pressure, newton, pascal, standard temperature and pressure (STP), kinetic-molecular theory figures The Gas Laws p423 4a sr#11; 4c sr#1,2,3; 4h sr#4-10,12 1. State Boyles law, and use it to solve problems involving pressure and volume. 2. State Charles law, and use it to solve problems involving volume and temperature. 3. State Gay-Lussacs law, and use it to solve problems involving pressure and temperature. 4. State Avogadros law, and explain its importance in determining the formulas of chemical http://bit.ly/14b3WAI

compounds.

3 sr#1,2;4i sr#5,10 by Grahams law of partial pressures.

Boyles Law, Charles Law, Gay-Lussacs Law, Avogadros Law figures Molecular Composition of Gases p433 3d sr#6-9,11,12,14; 4b sr#3,4,13; 4c 1. Solve problems using the ideal gas law. 2. Describe the relationships between gas behavior and chemical formulas, such as those expressed diffusion, Gay-Lussacs law of combining volumes, and Daltons law of 3. Apply your knowledge of reaction stoichiometry to solve gas stoichiometry problems. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI ideal gas, ideal gas law, diffusion, effusion, Grahams law of diffusion, Gay-Lussacs Law of combining volumes, partial pressure, Daltons law of partial pressure figures

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Solutions What is a Solution? p454 6a sr#1-5; 6b sr#6,9,10; 6f sr#7,8,11,12 1. Distinguish between solutions, suspensions, and colloids. 2. Describe some techniques chemists use to separate mixtures. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI solution, suspension, solute, solvent, colloid figures Concentration and Molarity p460 6d sr#1-14 1. Calculate concentration using common units. 2. Define molarity, and calculate the molarity of a solution. 3. Describe the procedure for preparing a solution of a certain molarity. 4. Use molarity in stoichiometric calculations. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI concentration, molarity figures Solubility and the Dissolving Process p468 6b sr#1,2,4,5,6,9,10,11; 6c sr#3,7,8,12 1. Identify applications of solubility principles, and relate them to polarity and intermolecular forces. 2. Explain what happens at the particle level when a solid compound dissolves in a liquid. 3. Predict the solubility of an ionic compound by using a solubility table. 4. Describe solutions in terms of their degree of saturation.

5. Describe factors involved in the solubility of gases in liquids. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI solubility, miscible, immiscible, dissociation, hydration, saturated solution, unsaturated solution, supersaturated solution, solubility equilibrium, Henrys Law figures 4 Physical Properties of Solutions p478 5a sr#1-4; 6e sr#5,6,8,11 1. Distinguish between nonelectrolytes, weak electrolytes, and strong electrolytes. 2. Describe how a solute affects the freezing point and boiling point of a solution. 3. Explain how a surfactant stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI conductivity, electrolyte, nonelectrolyte, hydronium ion, colligative property, surfactant, emulsion, detergent, soap figures

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Chemical Equilibrium Reversible Reactions and Equilibrium p496 9b sr#1-9 1. Contrast reactions that go to completion with reversible ones. 2. Describe chemical equilibrium. 3. Give examples of chemical equilibria that involve complex ions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Reversible reaction, chemical equilibrium figures 2 Systems at Equilibrium p502 9c sr#1-9 1. Write Keq expressions for reactions in equilibrium, and perform calculations with them. 2. Write Ksp expressions for the solubility of slightly soluble salts, and perform calculations with them. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Equilibrium constant, Keq, Solubility product constant, Ksp figures 3 Equilibrium Systems and Stress p512 9a sr#1-13 1. State Le Chateliers principle. 2. Apply Le Chateliers principle to determine whether the forward or reverse reaction is favored when a stress such as concentration, temperature, or pressure is applied to an equilibrium system. 3. Discuss the common-ion effect in context of Le Chateliers principle. 4. Discuss the practical uses of Le Chateliers principle. 1

http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Le Chatliers principle, common-ion effect figures

15 1 sr#4,5,6,8,10,11,13 Arrhenius definition

Acids and Bases What are Acids and Bases?

P530

5a sr#1; 5b sr#2,7; 5c sr#3,9,12; 5e

1. Describe the distinctive properties of strong and weak acids, and relate their properties to the of an acid. 2. Describe the distinctive properties of strong and weak bases, and relate their properties to the Arrhenius definition of a base. 3. Compare the Bronsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases with the Arrhenius definitions of acids and bases. 4. Identify conjugate acid-base pairs. 5. write chemical equations that show how an amphoteric species can behave as either an acid or a base. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Strong acid, weak acid, strong base, weak base, Bronsted-Lowry acid, Bronsted-Lowry base, conjugate acid, conjugate base, amphoteric figures Acidity, Basicity, and pH p539 5d sr#1-6,13,14,15; 5f sr#7-10; IE1e 1. 2. 3. 4. Use Kw in calculations. Explain the relationship between pH and H3O+ concentration. Perform calculations using pH, [H3O+], [OH-], and Kw. Describe two methods of measuring pH http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Self-ionization constant of water, Kw, neutral, pH, indicator figures Neutralization and Titrations p548 5d sr#1,3-7, 13,14,15; 5f sr#2,8-12 1. Predict the product of an acid-base reaction. 2. Describe the conditions at the equivalence point in a titration.

2 sr#11,12

3. Explain how you would select an indicator for an acid-base titration. 4. Describe the procedure for carrying out a titration to determine the concentration of an acid or base solution. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Neutralization reaction, equivalence point, titration, titrant, standard solution, transition range, end point figures Equilibria of Weak Acids and Bases p557 5g sr#1-8; 11-15; IE1e sr#9,10 1. Write an equilibrium equation that shows how a weak acid is in equilibrium with its conjugate 2. Calculate Ka from the hydronium ion concentration of a weak acid solution. 3. Describe the components of a buffer solution, and explain how a buffer solution resists changes in pH http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Acid-ionization constand, Ka, buffer solution figures Reaction Rates What Affects the Rate of a Reaction? P576 8a sr#1-4,8,9,10; 8b sr#5,6,7,11,12,13 1. Define the rate of a chemical reaction in terms of concentration and time. 2. Calculate the rate of reaction from concentration-versus-time data. 3. Explain how concentration, pressure, and temperature may affect the rate of a reaction. 4. Explain why, for surface reactions, the surface area is an important factor. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Chemical kinetics, reaction rate figures How can Reaction Rates be Explained? P586 8c sr#3,4,5,12,13; 8d sr#1,2,6-11, 1. 2. 3. 4. Write a rate law using experimental rate-versus-concentration data from a chemical reaction Explain the role of activation energy and collision orientation in a chemical reaction. Describe the effect that catalysts can have on reaction rates and how this effect occurs. Describe the role of enzymes as catalysts in living systems, and give examples. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Rate law, reaction mechanism order, rate-determining step, intermediate, activation energy, activated complex, catalyst, catalysis, enzyme figures

4 base.

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2 14

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Oxidation, Reduction, and Electrochemistry Oxidation-Reduction Reactions p604 3g sr#1-12 1. Identify atoms that are oxidized or reduced through electron transfer. 2. Assign oxidation numbers to atoms in compounds and ions. 3. Identify redox reactions by analyzing changes in oxidation numbers for different atoms in the 4. Balance equations for oxidation-reduction reactions through the half-reaction method. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Oxidation, reduction, oxidation-reduction reaction, oxidation number, half-reaction, oxidizing agent, reducing agent figures Introduction to Electrochemistry p612 3g sr#1-18 1. Describe the relationship between voltage and the movement of electrons. 2. Identify the parts of an electrochemical cell and their functions. 3. Write electrode reactions for cathodes and anodes. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Electrochemistry, voltage, electrode, electrochemical cell, cathode, anode figures Galvanic Cells p616 3g sr#1-8 1. Describe the operation of galvanic cells, including dry cells, lead-acid batteries, and fuel cells. 2. Identify conditions that lead to corrosion and ways to prevent it. 3. Calculate cell voltage from a table of standard electrode potentials. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Corrosion, standard electrode potential figures Electrolytic Cells p626 3g sr#1-14; IE.1m sr#15 1. Describe how electrolytic cells work. 2. Describe the process of electrolysis in the decomposition of water and in the production of metals. 3. Describe the process of electroplating. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Electrolytic cell, electrolysis, electroplating figures Nuclear Chemistry

reaction.

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the ratio of neutrons

2 and write

Atomic Nuclei and Nuclear Stability p642 11a sr#1-4,6-11; 11b sr#5; 11c sr#12 1. Describe how the strong force attracts nucleons. 2. Relate binding energy and mass defect. 3. Predict the stability of a nucleus by considering factors such as nuclear size, binding energy, and to protons in the nucleus. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Nucleons, nuclide, strong force, mass defect figures Nuclear Change p648 11b sr#2,6,7,8; 11c sr#9,10; 11d sr#1,3,4,5 1. Predict the particles and electromagnetic waves produced by different types of radioactive decay, equations for nuclear decays. 2. Identify examples of nuclear fission, and describe potential benefits and hazards of its use. 3. Describe nuclear fusion and its potential as an energy source. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Radioactivity, beta particle, gamma ray, nuclear fission, chain reaction, critical mass, nuclear fusion figures Uses of Nuclear Chemistry p658 11f sr#1,4-8, 10,11; IE1i sr#2,3,9 1. Define the half-life of a radioactive nuclide, and explain how it can be used to determine an 2. Describe some of the uses of nuclear chemistry. 3. Compare acute and chronic exposures to radiation. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Half-life figures

3 objects age.

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Carbon and Organic Compounds 1 Compounds of Carbon p678 10b sr#1,2,8,10; 10d sr#3,4,9,11, 12,14,15; 10e sr#5,6,7,13 1. Explain the unique properties of carbon that make the formation of organic molecules possible. 2. Relate the structures of diamond, graphite, and other allotropes of carbon to their properties. 3. Describe the nature of bonds formed by carbon in alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds,

and cyclic compounds. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Hydrocarbon, alkane, alkene, alkyne, aromatic hydrocarbon, functional group, benzene figures Names and Structures of Organic Compounds p687 10b sr#1; 10d sr#2,4,5,6,12; 10e 1. Name simple hydrocarbons from their structural formulas. 2. Name branched hydrocarbons from their structural formulas. 3. Identify functional groups from a structural formula, and assign names to compounds containing functional groups. 4. Draw and interpret structural formulas and skeletal structures for common organic compounds. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Saturated hydrocarbon, unsaturated hydrocarbon figures Organic Reactions p696 10a sr#4,9,10,11; 10b sr#1,2,3,5-8,12 1. Describe and distinguish between substitution and addition reactions. 2. Describe and distinguish between condensation and elimination reactions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Substitution reaction, addition reaction, polymer, condensation reaction, elimination reaction figures Biological Chemistry Carbohydrates and Lipids p712 2b sr#1,2,5; 10a sr#4,6,7,9-13; 10b 1. 2. 3. 4. Describe the structure of carbohydrates. Relate the structure of carbohydrates to their role in biological systems. Identify the reactions that lead to the formation and breakdown of carbohydrate polymers. Describe a property that all lipids share. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Carbohydrate, monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide, condensation reaction, hydrolysis, lipid figures Proteins p717 8c sr#7,8,12; 10f sr#1-6,9,10,11 1. Describe the general amino acid structure. 2. Explain how amino acids form proteins through condensation reactions. 3. Explain the significance of amino acid side chains to the three-dimensional structure and function

2 sr#3,7,8,11,13,14

20 1 sr#3,8

of a protein. 4. Describe how enzymes work and how the structure and function of an enzyme is affected by changes in temperature and pH. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Protein, amino acid, polypeptide, peptide bond, enzyme, denature figures 3 Nucleic Acids p725 10a sr#1,2,3,6,7,9,10; IE1l: sr#4,5,8 1. Relate the structure of nucleic acids to their function as carriers of genetic information. 2. Describe how DNA uses the genetic code to control the synthesis of proteins. 3. Describe important gene technologies and their significance. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Nucleic acid, DNA, gene, DNA fingerprint, clone, recombinant DNA figures 4 Energy in Living Systems p734 7f sr#9,10; 10a sr#8; 10b sr#1,2,4-7; IE1l sr#3 1. Explain how plants use photosynthesis to gather energy. 2. Explain how plants and animals use energy from respiration to carry out biological functions. http://bit.ly/14b3WAI Photosynthesis, respiration, ATP Figures CLASSWORKPRINT PAGES FOR READING + SAMPLE PROBS + OUTLINE + DIAGRAMS + VOCAB + HW PROBS + STUDENT DEMOS + LABS LABS REPORT + HOW TOACTIVITYBEFORECONTENT Topic: Chapter: Section: Standard: Section Review problems Standards CHART 2/GRPWRITE ALLMRQ CHOOSE ONE/3-4GRPS WRITE ON BOARDPRESENT GROUP KWL WE KNOW WE WANT TO KNOW We look in chapters/SECTIONS ON BUBBLE MAP LATER IN CHAPTER, SECTION, LAB...WE LEARNED

Chemistry Matter 1-1 Describe, Measurements; chem/phys props 1-2 Classify matter 1-3 Atoms -1a1d1g4.1; -1b1c1f-4.2; -1c1g-1e,1h-3.2; -1i,1j-3.3; A-4.1, 1-2 B-4.2 C-4.2,4.3, D-4.1, 5.1, E-3.2 F-4.2, 4.4, G-4.1, 4.2, 5.1 H-3.2, 4.4 I-3.3 J-3.3 Bonds A-5.2, 5.3, 6.1 B-6.1, 20.1 C-5.2 D-1.1,1.3, 11.1, 11.2 E-6.2 F-6.2, 6.3 G-4.3, 5.2, 6.1 H-6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 11.2 Stoich A-8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4 B-3.4, 7.1 C-3.4, 7.1 D-7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 12.3 E-9.1, 9.2, F-9.3, G-17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4

Gases -4e,4f-2.1; A-12.1, 12.2 B-12.1, 12.3 C-12.2, 12.3 D E-2.1, 10.1 F-2.1 G-12.1 H-12.2 I-12.3 Acids/Bases A-13.4, 15.1 B-15.1 C-15.1 D-15.2, 15.3 E-15.1 F-15.2, 15.3 G-15.4 Solution A-13.1 B-13.1, 13.3 C-13.3 D-13.2 E-13.4 F-13.1 Thermo -7a,7b-2.1; A-2.1, 10-1 B-1.1, 2-1 C-11.1, 11.3, 11.4 D-2.3, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.3 E-10.3, 10.4 F-10.4, 11.3, 20.4

Reaction Rates A-16.1 B-16.1 C-16.2, 20.2 D-16.2 Equilibrium A-14.3 B-14.1 C-14.2 Organic A-19.3, 20.1, 20.3, 20.4 B-19.1,19.2, 19.3, 20.1, 20.4 C D-19.1,19.2 E-19.1,19.2 F-20.2 Nuclear A-18.1, B-18.1, 18.2 C-18.1, 18.2 D-18.2 E F-18.3

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