Bradycardias and heart blocks

Sinus bradycardia
Extrinsic

causes Hypothermia Hypothyroidism Raised intracranial pressure Cholestatic jaundice Drugs like beta blocker and digitalis

Sinus bradycardia
Intrinsic

Acute

node Sick sinus syndrome [ degenerative changes in SA node ]

ischemia and infarction of sinus

Sinus bradycardia
Neurally

mediated syndromes Carotid sinus syndrome Neurocardiogenic syncope

treatment
Treat

the cause Temporary pacing Permanent pacing Anticoagulation Increase salt intake Lower leg compression by hose Dual chamber pace maker

Heart blocks
Causes

Congenital
Idiopathic

fibrosis Ischemic heart disease calcific aortic stenosis Dilated cardiomyopathy amyloidosis

Heart blocks
Causes

Cardiac

surgery Iatrogenic Drug induced Infections Rheumatic autoimmune disease Neuromuscular disease

First degree heart block

Second degree heart block

Mobitz I block or wenkebach phenomena

Mobitz II

Advanced block

Third degree or complete heart block

treatment
Management

depends upon the cause and clinical setting Intravenous atropine Temporary pacing Permanent pacing Implantable cardioverter defibrillator [ICD ]

thanks