B GIO DC V O TO I HC NNG

V TUN

NG DNG H M N RON IU KHIN B LC TCH CC CHO L NU THP CM NG

Chuyn ngnh: T ng ha M s: 60.52.60

TM TT LUN VN THC S K THUT

Nng, Nm 2012

Cng trnh c hon thnh ti I HC NNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS. NGUYN B

Phn bin 1: TS. NGUYN C THNH

Phn bin 2: PGS.TS. ON QUANG VINH

Lun vn c bo v ti Hi ng chm Lun vn tt nghip thc s k thut hp ti i hc Nng vo ngy 09 thng 06 nm 2012

C th tm hiu lun vn ti: - Trung tm Thng tin - Hc liu, i hc Nng - Trung tm Hc liu, i hc Nng.

M U
1. L do chn ti. Vi mc tiu cng nghip ha hin i ha t nc v chin lc n nm 2020 a Vit Nam tr thnh nc cng nghip th vn nng cao cht lng in nng l mt trong nhng nhng vn c ngnh in ni ring v nh nc ni chung t ln hng u. Tuy nhin vi s php trin cng nghip hin nay ca nc ta, nhiu nh my x nghip c hnh thnh khp ni, cc l cng nghip ngy cng c s dng nhiu cc khu cng nghip nh: l cm ng, l h quang, l in tr...y chnh l mt trong cc nguyn nhn hng u dn n tn tht in nng, cht lng in km, gy nh hng cc thit b vin thng Vi tc cng nghip ha nc ta hin nay, vic p dng cc tiu chun khng ch mc thi sng hi trn li in hn ch nh hng ca chng ti cc thit b tiu dng khc v m bo cht lng in nng l iu tt yu. Trn th gii v ang p dng cc tiu chun khng ch mc thi sng hi nh tiu chun: IEEE 159-2002, IEC 1000-4-3. Nh vy vic nghin cu iu khin cc b lc gim sng hi do cc l cng nghip ny thi ra l vn cp thit, nhm nng cao cht lng in nng cho li in. Nm bt c vn ny, ti quyt nh chn ti: ng dng h m nron iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng. 2. Mc ch nghin cu. ti nghin cu ng dng h m nron iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng, nhm nng cao cht lng in nng cho li in. 3. i tng v phm vi nghin cu. i tng nghin cu: B lc tch cc AF Ngun ti l nu thp cm ng L thuyt iu khin m nron Phn mm Matlab/Simulink Phm vi nghin cu:

 iu khin b lc tch cc AF cho ngun l nu thp cm ng ng dng h m nron. M phng qu trnh iu khin. 4. Phng php nghin cu Nghin cu l thuyt kt hp vi m phng kim chng trn phn mm Matlab/Simulink. 5. ngha khoa hc v thc tin ca ti ngha khoa hc v thc tin ca ti l xy dng cu trc iu khin v b iu khin m neural, iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng, nhm gim sng hi do l thi ra nng cao cht lng in nng cho li in. ti hon ton c th ng dng vo thc tin. 6. Cu trc lun vn Lun vn c trnh by theo cu trc nh sau: M U CHNG 1: L CM NG V SNG HI DO L CM NG GY RA.
Ni dung chng th nht l nu tng quan v l nu thp cm ng, phn loi cc l cm ng ang c s dng hin nay, c bit l trong lnh vt cng nghip. Phn tch sng hi do l nu thp cm ng gy ra.

CHNG 2: CC PHNG PHP LC SNG HI.

Ni dung chng hai l tm hiu v nguyn nhn, tc hi v cc phung php lc sng hi, cc tiu chun khng ch mc thi sng hi ln li in trn th gii.

CHNG 3: PHNG PHP IU KHIN S DNG H M NRON.

Ni dung chng ba l tng quan iu khin m, tm hiu mng n ron v thut ton lan truyn ngc, kt hp iu khin m v mng n ron, s dng cng c ANFIS trong matlab thit k h m n ron, s dng b son tho ANFIS GUI

CHNG 4: NG DNG H M NEURAL IU KHIN B LC TCH CC CHO L NU THP CM NG.

Ni dung chng bn l ng dng h m n ron thit k iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng. Tin hnh m phng ly kt qu trn phn mm matlab simulink.

CHNG 5: NH GI KT QU T C.
Ni dung chng ny l nh gi kt qu t c t vic ng dng h m n ron iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng, so snh vi phng php iu khin m.

Chng 1 - L CM NG V SNG HI DO L CM NG GY RA
1.1. Tng quan v l nu thp cm ng Nguyn l lm vic ca l cm ng da vo hin tng cm ng in t, khi a mt khi kim loi vo trong mt t trng bin thin, trong khi kim loi xut hin dng in xoy, nhit nng do dng in xoy t nng khi kim loi. 1.1.2. Cc b ngun tn s cao Dng my pht in c bit tn s cao do kt cu c kh nn tn s ca my pht khng vt qu 2000Hz. B bin tn dng thyristor do cng ngh ch to linh kin bn dn cha ch to c loi thyristor tn s cao nn tn s ch gii hn ti 2000Hz. B bin tn dng n pht in t, tn s cao ti 400kHz bng cch dng n in t ba cc nhng hiu sut ca b ngun khng cao, tui th ca n thp. 1.1.3. Phm vi ng dng ca thit b gia nhit tn s Nu chy kim loi trong mi trng khng kh (l kiu h) trong mi trng chn khng hoc kh tr (l kiu kn) Thc hin cc nguyn cng nhit luyn nh ti, ram; c bit ng dng ti b mt cc chi tit nh bnh rng, c trc khuu ca ng c izen khi yu cu cng b ngoi cao. 1.2. L nu thp cm ng s dng mch nghch lu cng hng ngun dng song song 1.2.1. Gii thiu v mch l cng hng song song H thng cung cp in cho mch l cng hng song song 1.1.1. Gii thiu chung v l cm ng

Hnh 1. 1. Mch l cm ng song song

1.2.2. M hnh ha l nu thp cm ng s dng mch nghch lu cng hng ngun dng song song trn phn mm matlab/Simulink Cc thng s ca m hnh: in p cp vo pha chnh lu: UP=220V, f=50(Hz) in p nh mc trn ti: 800(V) Tn s nh mc ca ti: 700(Hz) Cng sut nh mc ca ti: 300(kW) in tr v in khng ca ng dy, my bin p trc B1 v sau B1 ln lc l: RS=0.1, LS=0.03mH, Rl=0.15, Ll=0.07mH.
B chnh lu c iu khin
Kho nng Mch B nghch lu cng lng v lc n by hng ngun dng Mch Ti l nu thp khi ng

L R C L
CK

Xung kch tiristor

B iu khin cng hng

iC

iLt

Hnh 1. 2. Mch cp in cho ti l nu thp cm ng S m hnh h thng c m phng trn Matlab/Simulink hnh sau

Out_V34

In_ic

Do luong va hien thi

Out_V12

In_iL

Bo dk phat xung

dk_V12

a A

i + + v -

Icl
dk_V34

Out1

InL1

Out_iL

b B

Ucl
+ Out2 InL2 Out_iC

C
Nguon 3 pha

c C

C
Rl - Ll

C
CL co dieu khien

Rs - Ls

B1

Bo NLCH nguon dong

Lo nau thep cam ung

Hnh 1. 3. M hnh h thng cung cp in l nu thp cm ng trn phn mm Matlab/Simulink

1.3.

Sng hi v nh hng ca sng hi do l nu thp cm ng gy ra ln li in Phn tch ph dng in pha A ti cc gi tr cho ta cc kt qu nh sau:
500 0 -500 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 Time (s) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Fundamental (50Hz) = 761.9 , THD= 15.22% 15 Mag (% of Fundamental)

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

25

30

Hnh 1. 4. Ph tn hiu dng in pha A ng vi Lt=78.158H

Chng 2 SNG HI V CC PHNG PHP LC SNG HI 2.1. Tng quan v sng hi Sng hi l trng hp ring ca sng iu ha, sng iu ho c th coi l tng ca cc dng sng sin m tn s ca n l bi s ca tn s c bn, nu bi s l s nguyn th gi l hi (harmonic), bi s khc s nguyn gi l hin tng m hi (interharmonic). Hay ni cch khc mt sng iu ha bt k l tng ca sng thnh phn c bn v cc thnh phn iu ha bc cao hn. 2.2. Nguyn nhn gy ra sng hi My bin p: ng c: Cc n hunh quang: Cc thit b h quang: Thit b in t cng sut: 2.3. nh hng ca sng hi

S tn ti sng iu ha bc cao gy nh hng ti tt c cc thit b v ng dy truyn ti in. Chng gy ra qu p, mo in p li lm gim cht lng in nng. Ni chung chng gy ra tng nhit trong cc thit b v nh hng ti cch in, lm tng tn hao in nng, lm gim tui th ca thit b, trong nhiu trng hp thm ch cn gy hng thit b. 2.4. Mt s tiu chun gii hn thnh phn sng hi trn li Tiu chun IEEE std 519 Tiu chun IEC 1000-3-4 2.5. Cc phng php lc sng hi Cc b lc sng hi c s dng ph bin hin nay l: B lc th ng (Passive Filter). B lc ch ng (Active Filter). B lc hn hp c ch ng v th ng. Chng 3 PHNG PHP IU KHIN S DNG H M NRON 3.1. S kt hp gia logic m v mng nron

3.1.1. Khi nim Hai tiu ch c bn tr gip cho ngi thit k logic m v mng nron th hin tri ngc nhau (bng 3.1). Hai tiu ch c bn gip ngi thit k logic m v mng nron Tiu ch Th hin tri thc Kh nng hc Mng nron Khng tng minh, kh thch v kh sa i. d liu Logic m gii Tng minh, d kim chng hot ng v d sa i. phi t kim tra tt c

C kh nng hc thng qua cc Khng c kh nng hc: bn

3.1.2. Kt hp iu khin m v mng nron 3.2. Nron M Xt mng nron nh hnh sau. Trong : cc tn hiu vo-ra v cc trng s u l s thc; Hai nron u vo khng lm thay i tn hiu nn u ra ca n cng l u vo.

Hnh 3. 1. Mng nron Tn hiu xi kt hp vi trng s wi to thnh tch: pi = wixi, i = 1,2. u vo ca nron tng ra l s kt hp ca cc pi theo php cng: p1 + p2 = w1x1 + w2x2. Nron ny dng mt hm chuyn f to u ra.
y = f ( w1 x1 + w2 x 2 ), f ( x) = 1 1 + e x

Mng nron dng php nhn, php cng v hm dng ch S c gi l mng nron chun. Nu mng nron dng cc php ton khc nh t-norm, t-conorm kt hp d liu c gi l mng nron lai. Mng nron lai l c s to ra cu trc nron m da trn cc php ton m. c mng nron m ta thc hin: Biu din cc u vo (thng l cc ph thuc) x1, x2 v trng s w1, w2 trn khong [0, 1]. Mng nron lai c th khng dng cc php ton nhn, php ton cng hoc hm dng ch S bi v kt qu ca cc php ton ny c th khng nm trong khong [0, 1]. 3.3. Hun luyn mng nron-m i vi m hnh m, mi quan h phi tuyn vo-ra ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc phn vng m ca khng gian vo-ra. Do vic chnh nh hm lin thuc trong cc m hnh m tr nn rt quan trng. Trong mng nron m vic chnh nh ny c th xem nh l vn ti u dng gii thut hc gii quyt. u tin ta gi nh cc hm lin thuc c mt hnh dng nht nh. Sau ta thay i cc thng s ca hnh dng qua qu trnh hc bng mng nron. Vy ta cn mt tp d liu dng cc cp vo-ra mong mun cho mng nron hc v cng cn phi c mt bng cc lut s khi da trn cc hm ph thuc .

3.4.

ANFIS Mng thch nghi da trn c s h suy lun m (Adaptve Network-based Fuzzy

Inference System-ANFIS), c Jang xut nm 1992. S dng cc lut hc m dng TSK nh sau: Lut hc th j l Rj c dng: If x1 is Aj1 And x2 is Aj2 And And xn Ajn
Then f j = j ( p0j + pij xi )
i =1 n

Vi l cc bin ngn ng u vo (i=1,2,3,n), y l bin u ra Aji(xi) l cc bin ngn ng m ca bin u vo xi, Aji(xi) l hm lin thuc ca mi bin ngn ng u vo (j=1,2,3,n), pji thuc tp hp R l cc h s ca hm tuyn tnh fj(x1, x2, xn). 3.5. S dng cng c ANFIS trong matlab thit k h m - nron (Anfis and the Anfis editor GUI) 3.5.1. Khi nim 3.5.2. M hnh hc v suy din m thng qua ANFIS (Model Learning and Inference Through ANFIS) K thut ny a ra c ch cho m hnh m c th tc hc thng tin v tp d liu theo th t c tnh cc tham s ca hm lin thuc m n cho php kt hp vi h thng suy din m theo hng d liu vo/ra nht nh. Phng php hc ny lm vic tng t nh mng nron. B cng c lgic m dng thc hin vic iu chnh tham s ca hm lin thuc c gi l anfis. Ta c th m anrs t dng lnh hoc t giao din ho (ANFIS Editor GUI). Hai cch ny tng t nhau, chng c s dng hon i nhau. Tuy nhin, gia chng cng c i cht khc bit 3.5.3. Xc nhn d liu hun luyn (Familiarity Brecds Validation) S dng b son tho ANFIS GUI Cc chc nng ca ANFIS GUI Khun dng d liu v b son tho ANFIS GUI: kim tra v hun luyn (Data Formalities and the ANFIS Editor GUI: Checking and Training)

Chng 4 NG DNG H M NRON IU KHIN B LC TCH CC CHO L NU THP CM NG 4.1. Xc nh cu trc b lc tch cc AF cho l nu thp cm ng Cu trc tng qut ca ton b l nu thp cm ng v b lc tch cc song song c trnh by nh hnh sau:

Hnh 4. 1. Cu trc tng qut ca l nu thp cm ng c b lc AF 4.2. Tnh ton cc thng s ca b lc AF Cc thng s ca b lc tch cc AF c tnh chn [6], [7], [9] nh sau: 4.2.1. Tnh chn gi tr ngun mt chiu cp cho nghch lu Gi tr cc tiu ca ngun mt chiu: Emin > Vs 2 3 = 2,45Vs = Ud0 Thng thng chn ngun mt chiu gi tr: E = (1,2 1,3)Ud0 Chn h s 1,3 th ngun mt chiu cp cho mch nghch lu l: E =1,3Ud0 = 1,3x2,45x220 = 700 (V) 4.2.2. Tnh chn gi tr t in C Gi tr t in C c tnh ton sao cho m bo to c ngun cp n nh cho mch nghch lu l E = 700(V) v C phi ln loi b c nhng thnh phn in p ln tn trn t. Cng thc tnh in dung C nh sau:

C=

S 1 . E .U 21

Trong : S l cng sut biu kin ca b lc E l gi tr sc in ng mt chiu cp cho mch nghch lu U bin thin in p trn t (ly khong 5%E) Ta c: U = 5%E = 5%.700 = 35(V) Tnh ton cng sut biu kin ca b lc, cng sut ca b lc s bng tng cng sut gy ra do cc thnh phn sng hi t bc 2 n bc 63 chim t l hu ht, do s tnh ton cng sut b lc da trn cc thnh phn hi bc cao ny. Ta c:

I
THD =

n=2

2 n

I1

I
n=2 60

2 n

= THD.I1 = THD.I1 =15,22%.318 = 48,4 (A)

I
n=2

2 n

Cng sut biu kin ca b lc l: S = 3UpIp = 3.220.48,4 = 31943,736 (VA) Vy gi tr in dung C l:

C= S 1 31943, 736 1 . = . 7, 275.10 4 ( F ) E.U 21 700.35 2.2 .50

4.2.3. Tnh chn gi tr in cm Lf

L fmax = V f Vs 4t f t = E Vs 4t f t

Trong : Vf l in p u ra ca nghch lu Vs l in p ngun t l bin ca xung tam gic ft l tn s ca xung tam gic Chn t = 10 ; ft = 10kHz thay vo ta c:

L fmax =

E Vs 700 220 = = 1, 2.10 3 ( H ) 4t f t 4.10.10000

Chn Lf = 0.7 (mH)

4.2.4. Xc nh v la chn thng s van iu khin

V cc van c tn s ng ct cao nn ta chn van loi IGBT, vic la chn van l s kt hp ca nhiu yu t nh dng cc i qua van, in p ngc cc i t ln van, tn s ng ngt, tn tht do ng ngt, iu kin lm mtVic tnh ton la chn van rt phc tp i hi nhiu yu t. Trong lun vn ny ta chn s b van theo dng in cc i qua van. Dng in cc i qua van bng tng cc thnh phn sng hi gy ra, nh phn tch trn cc thnh phn sng hi t bc 2 n bc 60 chim t l hu ht v c gi tr hiu dng l 48,4 (A). Vi tn nhit c tit din ln v iu kin lm mt bng qut ta c th chn van vi dng nh mc qua van l: Im = 2Imax = 2x48,4 = 96,8 (A) Nh vy s b ta c th chn cc van IGBT vi dng 160 (A) 4.3. Cu trc iu khin AF iu khin AF pht ra dng in hi bm theo dng in hi trn ti ta thc hin theo cu trc [6], [16] nh hnh sau: is if il BPF LPF LPF +
L nu thp cm ng

Lf

AF

B i u PWM khin

Hnh 4. 2. Cu trc iu khin b lc tch cc AF 4.3.1. Xc nh dng in b hi (iref) Mt trong nhng bc iu khin b lc tch cc l cn phi xc nh dng b hi chnh xc v nhanh. V thc cht dng b hi chnh l o ca dng hi trn ti,

c rt nhiu phng php xc nh dng hi trn ti nh bin i Fourier nhanh (FFT/Fast Fourier Transform), l thuyt p-q tc thi, l thuyt h quy chiu d-q ng b, mng n ron thch nghi, s dng cc b lc tng t hoc s thch hp tch cc thnh phn hi. Lun vn s dng gii php tch dng in hi bng hai b lc thng di (Band pass filter) ni tip. S mch in v c tnh ca BPF nh hnh sau:

Hnh 4. 3. S mch in v c tnh band pass filter Hm truyn t [6], [16] ca BPF l:
H BPF ( s ) = K .B.s s + B.s + c2
2

Trong : K l h s khuch i s l ton t Laplace B l mt tn s gc bng 2fb, fb = f2 - f1 c l tn s ct 4.3.2. B lc thng thp (LPF) hn ch nhng dng in hi c tn s qu cao nhng bin khng nh hng ng k, ta dng b x l LPF l b lc thng thp (Low pass filter). S mch in nh hnh sau [6], [16]:
i2

i3

R2

Vin

i1

R1

Vout

Hnh 4. 4. S mch in LPF

Hm truyn t [6], [16] ca LPF l:

H LPF ( s) = K s +1

Trong : K = -R2/R1 , l h s khuych i = R2C, l hng s thi gian ca b lc Tn s ct: f c =

1 2 = 1 (Hz); 2 R2C

c = 2 f c =

1 R2C

4.3.3. Phng php iu ch PWM Phng php iu ch PWM c thc hin nh hnh sau [6], [16] Tn hiu sai lch dng sau khi qua b lc thng thp c b iu khin x l thnh tn hiu u, tn hiu u so snh vi sng tam gic c tn s rt cao to thnh chui xung c chu k bng Ttam gic nhng b rng xung thay i ph thuc vo tn hiu u. Chui xung ny qua khu relay to thnh tn hiu iu khin cc van ca nghch lu.

Hnh 4. 5. Phng php iu ch PWM 4.4. ng dng h m iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng. u vo b iu khin m ny l sai lch e = iref - if v o hm sai lch de/dt (k hiu de). Tn hiu ra l u. M ha Min gi tr ca bin ngn ng u vo sai lch c chn nh sau: 4.5.1. Xy dng b iu khin m

e = [-1515]. (A) Hm lin thuc ca bin ngn ng sai lch ny c chn nh hnh 4.10. eT = [N(x) Z(x) P(x)]

Hnh 4. 6. M ha bin ngn ng e Min gi tr ca bin ngn ng u vo o hm sai lch c chn nh sau: de = [-15e415e4]. (A/s) Hm lin thuc ca bin ngn ng o hm sai lch ny c chn nh sau: deT = [N(x) Z(x) P(x)]

Hnh 4. 7. M ha bin ngn ng de Min gi tr ca bin ngn ng u ra u c chn nh sau: u = [-1 1]. (V) Hm lin thuc ca bin ngn ng in p ny c chn nh hnh 4.12. uT = [BN(x) N(x) Z(x) P(x) BP(x)]

Hnh 4. 8. M ha bin ngn ng u Lut hp thnh Vi 3 tp m ca mi u vo, ta xy dng c 3 x 3 = 9 lut iu khin. Cc lut iu khin ny c xy dng theo cc nguyn tc sau: Nu e bng khng th u bng khng Nu e dng v de m th u dng Nu e dng v de m hoc dng hoc bng khng th u dng nhiu Nu e m v de dng th u m Nu e m v de m hoc dng hoc bng khng th u m nhiu Ta xy dng bng hp thnh nh sau: Bng lut hp thnh e de N Z P N BN BN BN Z P Z N P BP BP BP

Chn lut hp thnh Max-Min Gii m Gii m bng phng php im trng tm. 4.5.2. Kt qu m phng trn phn mm Matlab/Simulik khi s dng b iu khin m S tng qut ca h thng c trnh by trn hnh 4.14

Out_V34

In_ic

Out_V12

In_iL

Bo dk phat xung
dk_V12

a A

a A

i + + v -

Icl
dk_V34

Out1

InL1

Out_iL

b B

b B

Ucl
+ Out2 InL2 Out_iC

C
Nguon 3 pha

c C

c C

C
Rl - Ll CL co dieu khien

Rs - Ls

B1

B2

Bo NLCH nguon dong

Lo nau thep cam ung

BPF

LPF LPF

Fuzzy Logic Controller

Do luong va hien thi Lf i + i + i + -

Pulses

AF

Hnh 4. 9. S tng qut ca h thng s dng b iu khin m Thng s m phng STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tn cc khu Ngun ba pha ba dy in tr v in cm trc B1 in tr v in cm sau B2 B lc BPF v LPF iu ch xung PWM B lc AF Thng s e, f RS, LS R l, L l , K, t , f t E, R, C, Lf Gi tr 220V, 50Hz 0.1, 0.03mH 0.15, 0.07mH 0.707, 1, 510-5s 1, 10kHz 700V, 0.5m, 7,310-4F, 0.7mH

Kt qu m phng Dng in ngun pha A (isA)

500 isA (A) 0 -500 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 Time (s) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Fundamental (50Hz) = 765.7 , THD= 2.30% 20 Mag (% of Fundamental)

15

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

25

30

Hnh 4. 10. Ph tn hiu in p pha A

Theo kt qu phn tch m phng ta thy tng mo dng THD ca dng in pha A l THD=2,3% nm trong gii hn cho php ca tiu chun IEEE std 159. 4.5. ng dng h m nron iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng. xy dng d liu huyn luyn, ta s dng d liu t b iu khin m iu khin b lc tch cc AF ( mc 4.5). Trong qu trnh thc thi iu khin b lc AF s dng h m, ta tin hnh thu thp d liu vo ra, sau tin hnh phn tch, nh gi v cui cng l a ra quyt nh sa i d liu cho ph hp. D liu ny c lu trong file excel vi tn trndata.mat (phn ph lc). 4.6.2. S dng cng c ANFIS trong Matlab thit k h m nron iu khin b lc tch cc AF cho l nu thp cm ng. load trndata.mat M ca s son tho ANFIS GUI (ANFIS EDITOR GUI) M ca s son tho ANFIS GUI bng cch: t ca s lnh ca Matlab, ta thc hin dng lnh sau: anfisedit Sau khi ta thc hin lnh trn s xut hin ca s son tho ANFIS GUI nh trn hnh sau:

4.6.1. Xy dng tp d liu hun luyn

Hnh 4. 11. Ca s son tho ANFIS GUI Ta tin hnh nhp d liu hun luyn bng cch: Trong khung Load data ta chn Training v worksp, sau bm chn nt Load data, mt ca s GUI nh hin ra cho php nhp tn d liu t workspace, thc hin a tn d liu trndata sau ta

nhn nt OK Xut hin ca s vi d liu luyn tp c m t nh trn hnh 4.19

Hnh 4. 12. Ca s hun luyn trong ca s ANFIS EDITOR Chn cc thng s ban u cho ANFIS Bc ny ta chn cc thng s ban u cho FIS v cc thng s ban u cho cc hm lin thuc. To FIS ban u cho ANFIS Ta to trc cc thng s ban u cho FIS v lu thnh tp setpara.fis (xem trong phn ph lc). Ta tin hnh ti thng s ban u cho FIS trong danh mc Generate FIS. Chn Load from file trong danh mc Generate. Sau bm vo nt Load, s xut hin ca s, ta truy cp vo ng dn cha tp ci t setpara.fis (xem tp setpara.fis ph lc 2) Hun luyn ANFIS Ta chn cc thng s hun luyn v phng php hun luyn trong danh mc Train FIS Chn phng php hun luyn cho ANFIS theo theo phng php hn hp gia bnh phng cc tiu v lan truyn ngc hybrid Chn sai lch cho php bng 0 Chn chu k hun luyn l 10 Sau khi chn xong phng php hun luyn v cc thng s hun luyn, ta tin

hnh hun luyn bng cch bm vo nt Train Now trong danh mc Train FIS.

Hnh 4. 13. Kt qu hun luyn Quan st hnh trn ta thy sau 10 chu k hun luyn th sai lch hun luyn l 0.001072 0. Sau khi hun luyn xong ta xut ma trn FIS ra vi tn fismatrix.fis lu trong th mc MOPHONG chy m phng h thng. Kt qu m phng vi ANFIS Sau khi c ma trn FIS fismatrix.fis ta tin hnh m phng h thng, v kt qu t c nh sau: in p ngun pha A (usA)
200 usA (V) 0 -200 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 Time (s) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Fundamental (50Hz) = 234.8 , THD= 3.99% 20 Mag (% of Fundamental)

15

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

25

30

Hnh 4. 14. Ph tn hiu in p pha A

Theo kt qu phn tch m phng ta thy tng mo dng THD ca in p pha A l THD=3.99% nm trong gii hn cho php ca tiu chun IEEE std 159. Dng in ngun pha A (isA)
500 0 -500 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 Time (s) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Fundamental (50Hz) = 760.2 , THD= 1.28% 20 Mag (% of Fundamental)

15

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

25

30

Hnh 4. 15. Ph tn hiu dng inpha A Theo kt qu phn tch m phng ta thy tng mo dng THD ca dng in pha A l THD=1.28% nm trong gii hn cho php ca tiu chun IEEE std 159. Chng 5 NH GI KT QU T C 5.1. nh gi kt qu t c khi s dng h m nron tin cho vic nh gi v so snh cc kt qu t c, ta tin hnh phn tch k thm v kt qu m phng chng 4. Ta xem xt dng in pha A trc v sau im ni chung AF vi h thng l
800 600 400 200 0 -200 -400 -600 -800 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Hnh 5. 1. Dng in ti ilA v dng in ngun isA

Ph tn hiu ca dng in sau im ni chung ilA

Fundamental (50Hz) = 764 , THD= 15.22% 15 Mag (% of Fundamental)

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

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30

Hnh 5. 2. Ph tn hiu ca dng in sau im ni chung ilA Ph tn hiu ca dng in pha A trc im ni chung isA
Fundamental (50Hz) = 760.2 , THD= 1.28% 15 Mag (% of Fundamental)

10

10

15 Harmonic order

20

25

30

Hnh 5. 3. Ph tn hiu ca dng in pha A trc im ni chung isA d dng quan st ta gp hai s phn tch ph dng in trn thnh mt s chung nh hnh sau:

Hnh 5. 4. Ph tn hiu ca dng in isA v ilA Ta d dng nhn thy tng mo dng ca dng in ti sau im ni chung ilA l THDilA=15,22% vt qu gii hn tiu chun cho php IEEE std 159 (<5%), trong khi tng mo dng ca dng in ngun trc im ni chung THDisA=1.28% t tiu chun cho php ca tiu chun IEEE std 159. Nh vy theo tiu chun IEEE std 159 th b lc AF t yu cu

5.2.

So snh kt qu t c tin so snh ta xt s phn tch ph dng in pha A trong hai phng

php iu khin m v iu khin m nron nh sau:

Hnh 5. 5. Ph tnh hiu ca sng dng in ngun trong cc trng hp s dng iu khin m v iu khin ANFIS Theo phn tch trn hnh 5.6 ta thy, tng mo dng dng in ca b iu khin m l THDM = 2.3%, ca ANFIS l THDANFIS = 1.28%, c hai phng php iu khin u t yu cu cc tiu chun. Tuy nhin ta thy tng mo dng dng in trong b iu khin ANFIS thp hn, ng ngha vi vic ANFIS hun luyn, thay i cc tham s tt t d liu hun luyn u vo chnh xc trong vic nh gi, ta lp bng thng k cc sng hi bc cao trong hai trng hp iu khin m v iu khin m nron nh sau: Thng k cc thnh phn sng hi bc cao trong hai trng hp iu khin m v iu khin m nron Bc sng hi 1 5 7 THD Hi ca dng in ngun isA tnh theo % thnh phn c bn iu khin Cha c AF iu khin m ANFIS 100 100 100 13.73 0.95 1.5 6.33 0.29 0.25 15.22 1.28 2.3

T bng trn ta thy THD ca hai phng php iu khin u t tiu chun IEC 1000-3-4 v IEEE std 159. Trong phng php iu khin ANFIS t kt qu rt kh quan 1.28%, thnh phn hi bc 5 gim i mt cch ng k t 13.73% xung cn 0.95%.

KT LUN V HNG PHT TRIN CA TI Thng qua ti ng dng h m nron iu khin b lc tch cc cho l nu thp cm ng lun vn thc hin c cc vn sau: - Tm hiu v l nu thp cm ng, m hnh ha m phng ha l nu thp cm ng, thng qua phn tch nh hng ca sng hi do l nu thp cm ng gy ra. Ngoi ra ti cn i phn tch chi tit sng hi ca mt s b bin i in t cng sut gy ra cho li in, t nh gi c mc nh hng ca chng ln li in. - Nghin cu, tm hiu v sng hi, nguyn nhn, tc hi v cc phng php lc sng hi. Cc tiu chun gii hn sng hi quc t m Vit Nam c p dng, c th l hai tiu chun IEEE std 159 v IEC 1000-3-4. - Nghin cu, tm hiu v l thuyt iu khin m, mng nron v l thuyt v h m nron. - ng dng h m nron thit k iu khin b lc tch cc AF cho l nu thp cm ng. M hnh ha v m phng ton b h thng thng qua phn mm Matlab, t nh gi c b lc tch cc AF thit k. Qua qu trnh nghin cu, tm hiu v thit k. Lun vn thc hin vic m hnh ha m phng ton b h thng thng qua phn mm Matlab, kt qu cho thy b lc tch cc AF thit k lm vic rt tt, dng in ngun sau khi lc c tng mo dng THD t tiu chun cho php ca tiu chun IEEE std 159 v IEC 1000-3-4. Qua qu trnh thit k v s dng h m nron ANFIS ta thy phng php ny rt kh quan, cn c nghin cu v ng dng nhiu hn na. Tuy nhin v thi gian nghin cu cn hn ch, ti lin quan n nhiu mng cn mi l, nn lun vn cha tm hiu nghin cu ht cc u im gii php tch dng hi bng cc phng php khc, chnh v vy lun vn c th cha chn c phng php tch sng hi ti u. V mt iu na l ti cha nghin cu th nghim trn thit b thc t. l cc vn cn c khc phc v tip tc nghin cu trong thi gian n.