Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

HNG DAN PHAN TCH GIAI OAN HOAN THIEN VA GIAI OAN THI CONG CAU TREO DAY VONG
Muc luc (Contents) Li gii thieu (Introduction) 1

Cac bc tien hanh phan tch giai oan ban au (Procedure for completed state analysis) 2 Bo tr chung cau (Bridge dimensions) 3 Mo hnh phan tch giai oan hoan thien (Complete state analysis modelling) 4

Mo hnh ket cau (Structural modelling) 4 Tao giao dien lam viec (Assign working environment) 5 Khai bao ac trng vat lieu (Define material properties) 6 Khai bao ac trng mat cat (Define section properties) 7 Phan tch trang thai can bang ban au (Initial equilibrium state analysis) 9 Chia phan t tru thap va tao phan t giang tru thap (Division of pylon elements to create pylon transverse beams) 13 Khai bao ieu kien bien (Input boundary condition) 17 Khai bao nhom ket cau (Define structure groups) 23 Khai bao tai trong (Input loadings) 25 Phan tch cau treo day vong (Suspension Bridge Analysis Control) 27 Loai bo d lieu kiem tra phan tch phi tuyen va d lieu phan tch cau treo day vong (Remove Nonlinear Analysis Control Data & Suspension Bridge Analysis Data) 30 Loai bo va hieu chnh ieu kien giai phong au dam cho ban mat cau (Remove & modify Beam End Release conditions for deck) 32 Khai bao cac trng hp tai trong va cac loai tai trong tnh (Input Load Cases & Static Loads) 35 Tien hanh phan tch ket cau/giai oan hoan thien (Perform Structural Analysis /Completed State Analysis) Xem ket qua phan tch cua giai oan hoan thien (Review Results of the Completed State Analysis) Ket qua phan tch tnh (Static Analysis Results) Mo hnh dung phan tch giai oan thi cong (Modeling for Construction Stage Analysis)

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Tao giao dien lam viec (Assign Working Environment) Khai bao ten cac giai oan thi cong (Define Construction Stage Names) Tao cac nhom ket cau (Assign Structure Groups) Tao cac nhom ieu kien bien (Assign Boundary Groups) Khai bao tai trong giai oan thi cong va nhom tai trong (Define Construction Stage Loads and Load Groups) Khai bao cac giai oan thi cong (Define Construction Stages) Khai bao d lieu phan tch giai oan thi cong (Input Construction Stage Analysis Data) Tien hanh phan tch ket cau/phan tch giai oan thi cong (Perform Structural Analysis /Construction Stage Analysis) Xem ket qua phan tch giai oan thi cong (Review Construction Stage Analysis Results) Xem ket qua bien dang (Review Deformed Shape) Xem ket qua mo men (Review moments) Xem ket qua lc doc truc (Review axial forces) Xem ket qua bien dang vi hnh anh ong (Review deformed shape using animation) 45 46 47 55 60 61 68

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Li gii thieu (Introduction) Noi chung cau treo day vong co the thuoc loai ket cau co nhp ln (Suspension bridges can generally be clasified as long span structures). Cau treo day vong bao gom ban mat cau -dam chu, cap chu hay cap treo chnh va day treo (Suspension bridges comprise longitudinal deck (main girders) supported by hangers suspended from cables). Ket cau dam chu c treo len cap chu nh he day treo. Cap treo chnh c neo tai hai au (The cables are connected to anchors at each end). Tnh toan phan tch ket cau cau treo day vong c tien hanh cho hai giai oan: phan tch trang thai hoan thien va phan tch trang thai ket cau trong qua trnh thi cong (The analysis of a suspension bridge is divided into completed state analysis and construction stage analysis). Viec phan tch trang thai hoan thien nham muc ch kiem tra ng x cua cau sau khi hoan thien (The completed state analysis is performed to check the behavior of the completed bridge). Trong giai oan nay, ket cau trang thai can bang di tac dung cua tai trong ban than, bien dang do tai trong ban than gay ra a xuat hien (At this stage, the structure is in balance under self-weight, and the deflection due to the self-weight has already occurred). Trang thai nay c xem nh trang thai can bang ban au cua cau treo day vong (This stage is referred to as the initial equilibrium state of the suspension bridge). Ket qua phan tch giai oan nay la toa o va lc cang trong cap chu (The initial equilibrium state analysis will provide the coordinates and tension forces in the cables). Phan tch trang thai hoan thien cua cau treo day vong nham muc ch kiem tra ng x cua ket cau di tac dung cua cac tai trong cong them nh hoat tai, tai trong ong at va tai trong gio (The completed state analysis of the suspension bridge is performed to check the behavior of the structure under additional loads such as live, seismic and wind loadings). Tong tai trong dung phan tch giai oan hoan thien se bao gom tai trong ban than cua ket cau trang thai can bang ban au (The self weight loading in the initial equilibrium state will also be added to the total loading for the completed state analysis). Trong ket cau cau treo day vong, ng x phi tuyen c the hien rat ro trong suot qua trnh thi cong (Suspension bridges exhibit significant nonlinear behavior during the construction stages). Nhng trong trang thai hoan chnh, ket cau c xem nh tuyen tnh di tac dung cua tai trong th cap nh hoat tai xe, tai trong gio (But it can be assumed that the bridge behaves linearly for additional loads (vehicle, wind load, etc.) in the completed state analysis). Bi v trong thc te, lc cang di tac dung cua tai trong trang thai can bang ban au a c truyen vao cap chu va cap treo (This is due to the fact that sufficient tension forces are induced into the main cables and hangers under the initial equilibrium state loading). Chnh v vay cho phep thc hien phan tch tuyen tnh oi vi cac tai trong tnh th cap tai trang thai hoan chnh bang cach bien oi lc cang trong cap chu va day treo do tai trong giai oan ban au gay ra bang cach tang them o cng hnh hoc cua cac phan t (It is thus possible to perform a linearized analysis for the additional static loads at the completed state by converting the tension forces in the main cables and hangers resulting from the initial equilibrium state loading into increased geometric stiffness of those components). Qua trnh phan tch tuyen tnh nay bien oi cac lc trong mat cat thanh o cng hnh hoc va c c goi la phng phap chuyen v hu han tuyen tnh (This Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! Trang 3

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas linearized analytical procedure to convert section forces to geometric stiffness is referred to as the linearized finite displacement method.). Qua trnh nay chap nhan c v co the tm c li giai tng oi de dang va ket qua nhan c nam trong pham vi sai so cho phep oi vi giai oan hoan chnh (This procedure is adopted because a solution can be found with relative ease within acceptable error limits in the completed state analysis). Viec phan tch giai oan thi cong nham muc ch kiem tra on nh ket cau va tnh toan noi lc trong qua trnh thi cong (Construction stage analysis is performed to check the structural stability and tocalculate section forces during erection). e thc hien phan tch giai oan thi cong, ly thuyet chuyen v ln (ly thuyet phi tuyen hnh hoc) c ap dung trong o cac phng trnh can bang c bien oi tng ng vi hnh dang bien dang cua ket cau (In carrying out the construction stage analysis, large displacement theory (geometric nonlinear theory) is applied in which equilibrium equations are formulated to represent the deformed shape). Anh hng do cac chuyen v ln khong the c bo qua trong suot qua trnh thi cong (The effect of large displacements cannot be ignored during the construction stage analysis). Viec phan tch giai oan thi cong c tien hanh ngc t giai oan can bang nh a nh ngha bi phan tch trang thai can bang ban au (The construction stage analysis is performed in a backward sequence from the state of equilibrium as defined by the initial equilibrium state analysis). Phan hng dan nay c chuan b e giai thch viec lap mo hnh tong the va kha nang phan tch ket qua cho giai oan hoan thien va giai oan thi cong cau treo day vong. (This tutorial has been prepared to explain overall modeling and result analyzing capabilities for the completed state and construction stage analyses for a suspension bridge).

Cac bc phan tch cho giai oan hoan thien (Procedure for completed state analysis)
Dung Suspension Bridge Wizard e phan tch trang thai can bang ban au, tnh cac toa o cua cap lan th nhat (Initial equilibrium state analysis using Suspension Bridge Wizard, Calculation of 1st cable coordinates)

Hieu chnh mo hnh va ieu kien bien phan anh ket cau thc te (Modify the model & boundary conditions to reflect the true structure)

Phan tch hnh dang chnh xac bang cong cu Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Accurate shape analysis (use Suspension Bridge Analysis Control)

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Loai tr d lieu kiem tra phan tch ket cau Eliminate Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Data

at tai len ket cau hoan chnh for which initial member forces have been reflect into the geometric stiffness: ap dung ly thuyet chuyen v hu han tuyen tnh. Apply loadings to the completed structure for which initial member forces have been reflected into the geometric stiffness: Linearized finite displacement theory applied

Hnh 1: Mo hnh phan tch

Bo tr chung cau (Bridge Dimensions)

V du: mo hnh cau treo day vong co tong chieu dai 650m nh trnh bay tren hnh 1. (The example model is a suspension bridge having a total length of 650m as shown in Fig. 1). Kch thc chi tiet cua cau c the hien hnh 2 (Detailed bridge dimensions are shown in Fig. 2).

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Hnh 2: Kch thc c ban cua cau treo day vong

Mo hnh phan tch trang thai hoan thien (Completed State Analysis Modeling)
Mo hnh hoa ket cau (Structural Modeling) Trong hng dan nay, tng giai oan mo hnh hoa cau treo day vong nh sau: (In this tutorial, the suspension bridge modeling sequence is as follows). au tien, tao mo hnh cho phan tch giai oan hoan thien, thc hien phan tch giai oan hoan thien, sau o tao mo hnh phan tch giai oan thi cong di mot ten khac (First, create the model for the completed state analysis, perform completed state analysis, and then create the construction stage analysis model under a different name). Trnh t mo hnh hoa ket cau cau treo day vong cho phan tch giai oan hoan thien gom cac bc nh sau (The suspension bridge modeling procedure for the completed state analysis is as follows): Bc 1. Khai bao ac trng vat lieu va mat cat (Define material and section properties) Bc 2. Phan tch trang thai can bang ban au nh cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard (Analyze initial equilibrium state using Suspension Bridge Wizard) Bc 3. Thiet lap mo hnh va nhap ieu kien bien (Create a model and enter boundary conditions) - Chia phan t tru thap e tao giang ngang tru thap (Divide pylon members to generate pylon transverse beams) - Tao va xoa bo giang ngang tru (Create & remove pylon transverse beams) - Khai bao ieu kien bien (Enter boundary conditions) Bc 4. Phan tch chnh xac trang thai can bang ban au (Accurate initial equilibrium state analysis) Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! Trang 6

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas - nh ngha nhom ket cau (Define structure groups) - Nhap tai trong ban than (Enter self weight) - Tien hanh phan tch (Perform analysis) Bc 5. Nhap cac tai trong tnh va hieu chnh ieu kien bien (Input static loads & modify boundary conditions) Bc 6. Tien hanh phan tch trang thai hoan chnh (Perform completed state analysis)

Tao giao dien lam viec (Assign Working Environment )

e tao giao dien lam viec ban thc hien cac bc di ay: Bc 1. M tap tin mi (Open a new file) theo mot trong ba phng phap nh sau: Cach 1: T Main Menu chon File > New Project (From the Main Menu select File > New Project). Cach 2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng (Click New in the Icon Menu).

Cach 3: Dung lenh tat [Ctrl]+N (Shortcut key: [Ctrl]+N) Bc 2. Lu lai tap tin vi ten Suspension Bridge.mcb (save file as Suspension Bridge .mcb) theo mot trong ba phng phap nh sau: Cach 1: T Main Menu chon File > Save (From the Main Menu select File > Save). Cach 2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng (Click Save in the Icon Menu).

Cach 3: Dung lenh tat [Ctrl]+S (Shortcut key: [Ctrl]+S) Sau khi thc hien tren man hnh se hien th giao dien nh hnh 3, nhap ten cho tap tin Suspension Bridge tai hop thoai File Name, sau o nhan nut lenh Save.

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Bc 3: khai bao he n v (assign a unit system) theo mot trong cac cach neu di ay: Cach 1: T Main Menu chon Tools / Unit System (From the Main Menu select Tool > Unit System). Cach 2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng tren dong trang thai ben di man hnh (Click icon from the status bar at the bottom of the screen).

Sau khi thc hien tren man hnh se hien th giao dien nh hnh 4, dung chuot chon he n v cho mo hnh. Chon n v met cho chieu dai va n v T cho lc bang cach nhap chuot chon Length>m va Force>tonf . Sau o nhan nut lenh OK hay Apply.

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Khai bao ac trng vat lieu (Define Material Properties)

Nhap cac ac trng c ly cua vat lieu cho cap chu (Input material properties for cable) theo mot trong cac thu thuat sau:

Cach 1: T Main Menu chon Model > Properties > (From the Main Menu select Model > Properties >

Material Material ).

Cach 2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng

(Click

Material in the Icon Menu).

Cach 3: Chon Geometry > Properties > Material t Menu tab cua Tree Menu (Select Geometry > Properties > Material in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu).

Sau khi thc hien tren man hnh se hien th giao dien nh hnh 5, dung chuot chon nut lenh Add e xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 6. Tai dong Name, nhap ten cho vat lieu cua cap chu la Cable. Chon User Defined tai dong Type of Design. Nhap cac gia tr cho mo uyn an hoi Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! Trang 8

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas cua vat lieu la 2.0x107 tai dong Modulus of Elasticity, nhap he so n hong la 0.3 tai dong Poissions Ratio, nhap khoi lng rieng vi gia tr 8.267 tai dong Weight Density. Sau o nhan nut lenh Apply va lap lai cac bc neu tren e khai bao cho vat lieu mi. Khi ket thuc khai bao vat lieu nhan nut lenh Close tren hnh 5. Neu muon hieu chnh, xoa, copy cac tnh chat cua vat lieu hay nhap chuot chon loai vat lieu can hieu chnh, xoa hay copy sau o nhan chon nut lenh Modify, Delete hay Copy tng ng.

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Lap lai cac bc neu tren e nhap ac trng cua vat lieu cho cap treo, dam chu va tru thap (Repeat above procedure to Input material properties for cable, hanger, deck (main girder) and pylon). V du ac trng vat lieu cho cap treo, dam chu va tru thap co gia tr neu trong bang di ay: Loai vat lieu Ten Mo uyn an hoi He so Poission Trong lng rieng Cap chu Cable 2.0 x 107 0.3 8.267 Cap treo Hanger 1.4 x 107 0.3 7.850 Dam chu Deck 2.1 x 107 0.3 0.00 Tru thap Pylon 2.1 x 107 0.3 7.850

Ghi chu: Trong lng rieng cua dam chu co the nhap trc tiep di dang tai trong tac dung vao nut (v tr cap treo) do o khi khai bao vat lieu dam chu co trong lng rieng la 0.00. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! Trang 9

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Khai bao ac trng tiet dien (Define Section Properties )

Nhap cac ac trng cua tiet dien cho cap chu (Input section properties for cable) theo mot trong cac thu thuat sau: Cach 1: T Main Menu chon Model > Properties > (From the Main Menu select Model > Properties > Section Section ).

Cach 2: Nhap chuot vao bieu tng

(Click

Material in the Icon Menu).

Cach 3: Chon Geometry > Properties > Section t Menu tab cua Tree Menu (Select Geometry > Properties > Section in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu).

Sau khi thc hien tren man hnh se hien th giao dien nh hnh 7, dung chuot chon nut lenh Add e xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 8. Nhap ten Cable cho tiet dien cua cap chu tai dong thoai Name. Chon Solid Round e the hien hnh dang cua tiet dien cho cap.

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V du nhap gia tr D=0.23m cho ng knh cua cap chu. Sau o nhan nut lenh Calc. Section Properties e chng trnh t ong tnh cac ac trng hnh hoc (nh dien tch, mo men quan tnh ) cho tiet dien. Chung ta co the nhap trc tiep gia tr cac ac trng hnh hoc cho tiet dien. Lu y rang cac gia tr trong phan Size ch Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 10 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas co tac dung e the hien mo hnh 3D ch khong c dung e tnh toan khi ngi s dung nhap trc tiep cac gia tr ac trng hnh hoc cua tiet dien. V du nhap gia tr 0.04178 m2 tai dong Area e khai bao tiet dien cho cap chu. Sau o nhan nut lenh Apply va lap lai cac bc neu tren e khai bao cho tiet dien khac. Khi ket thuc khai bao tiet dien nhan nut lenh Close tren hnh 7. Neu muon hieu chnh, xoa, copy cac ac trng cua tiet dien hay nhap chuot chon loai tiet dien can hieu chnh, xoa hay copy sau o nhan chon nut lenh Modify, Delete hay Copy tng ng. Lap lai cac bc neu tren e nhap ac trng tiet dien cho cap treo, dam chu va tru thap (Repeat above procedure to Input section properties for cable, hanger, deck (main girder), pylon and pylon). V du nhap ac trng vat lieu cho cap treo, dam chu, tru thap va giang ngang cua tru thap theo hnh 9 va hnh 10 vi cac gia tr neu trong bang di ay:

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Loai vat lieu Ten Dien tch Moment quan tnh Ixx Moment quan tnh Iyy Moment quan tnh Izz

Cap chu Cable 0.04178 0 0 0

Cap treo Hanger 0.00209 0 0 0

Dam chu Deck 0.5395 0.4399 0.1316 3.2667

Tru thap Pylon 0.16906 0.1540 0.1450 0.1143

Giang tru Pylon-Trans 0.1046 0.1540 0.1080 0.0913

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

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Phan tch trang thai can bang ban au (Initial Equilibrium State Analysis)
Trong khi phan tch trang thai hoan thien cua cau treo day vong, o vong do tnh tai a xuat hien va ket cau ang i en trang thai can bang. trang thai can bang ban au nay, khong n gian khi thiet ke gia nh toa o va lc cang cua cap, tot hn nen e chng trnh t tnh toan xac nh nh cac phng trnh can bang co san trong phan mem. (In the completed state analysis of the suspension bridge, the deflections due to self-weight have already occurred, and the structure has come to an equilibrium state. In this initial equilibrium state, the cable coordinates and tension forces are not simply assumed by the designer, but rather they are automatically determined by using equilibrium equations within the program). Thc hien phan tch trang thai can bang ban au cua ket cau cau treo day vong theo cac bc nh sau: 1. Xay dng mo hnh ket cau nh cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard, 2. Hieu chnh mo hnh cho xac vi thc te, 3. Gan tnh tai va ieu kien bien, 4. Thc hien chc nang Suspension Bridge Data Control e tnh toan cac chieu dai khong bien dang cuoi cung, hnh dang hnh hoc va ng suat trong cac phan t 5. Thc hien chc nang Initial Force for Geometric Stiffness cua chng trnh e t ong chuyen oi lc cang trong cap chu va day treo thanh o cng hnh hoc c tang them. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 12 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Xay dng mo hnh ket cau nh cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard Cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard se t ong tao mo hnh phang 2D hay khong gian 3D cho cau treo day vong, ong thi tnh chieu dai khong bien dang cua cap chu va day treo. (Suspension Bridge Wizard automatically creates 2D or 3D suspension bridge models while it calculates the undeformed lengths of cables and hangers at the same time). Vi ho tr cua cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard, chng trnh se t ong tnh toan toa o cua cap, lc cang ban au trong cap chu va day treo, lc trong tru thap. Trang thai can bang ban au c xac nh bang cach nhap cac kch thc c ban nh o cong cua cap chu, khoang cach day treo va tnh tai tac dung vao moi day treo (hnh 12). (Using the Suspension Bridge Wizard function, the coordinates of the cables and the initial tension forces within the cables and hangers and the forces in the pylons can be calculated automatically. The initial equilibrium state is determined by inputting the basic dimensions of cable sag, hanger spacing and the self-weight applied to each hanger).

o cong cua cap chu

Tnh tai tac dung len moi day treo

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M cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard theo hai cach di ay (hnh 13): Cach 1: t Menu chnh chon Model > Structure Wizard > Suspension Bridge (From the Main Menu select Model > Structure Wizard > Suspension Bridge). Cach 2: Chon Geometry > Struture Wizard > Suspension Bridge t bang Menu cua cay Menu (Select Geometry > Structure Wizard > Suspension Bridge from the Menu tab of the Tree Menu) Nhap cac gia tr theo yeu cau cua giao dien tren hnh 14 Trang

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

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Gia tr trong lng rieng cua dam c khai bao bang 0 trong bc phan khai bao tiet dien cho dam chu, nen trong giai oan nay can nhap gia tr trong lng cua dam chu. Nhan nut Advanced tren giao dien hnh 14 e xuat hien giao dien hnh 15. Chon Point Load trong muc Load Type, nhap gia tr 9@52.9375 tai dong Left va gia tr 32@52.9375 tai dong Center. Sau o nhan nut lenh OK.
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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nh a giai thch phan tren, ky s thiet ke khong the tuy tien xac nh hnh dang hnh hoc cua cau treo day vong, ac biet cac toa o cua cap. Tot hn hay S dung cong cu Suspension bridge Wizard e chng trnh t ong xac nh hnh dang hnh hoc va lc cang ban au theo phng trnh ng day xch sao cho thoa man ieu kien can bang. Nh hnh 14 va 15, toa o cua cau treo, ke ca toa o cua cap treo co the c t ong xac nh bang cach nhap toa o tru thap, o vong (B-C), o doc cua dam chu, khoang cach day treo va tnh tai tac dung len moi day treo. (As explained earlier, the geometric shape of the suspension bridge, especially the cable coordinates cannot be arbitrarily determined by the designer. It is better, Using the Suspension Bridge Wizard function, the geometric shape and initial tension forces will be determined by the catenary equation satisfying the equilibrium condition within the program. As shown in Fig. 10, all coordinates of the suspension bridge, including the coordinates of the cables can be determined automatically by entering the coordinates of the pylons, sag (B-C), slope of deck, hanger spacing and self weight applied to the hangers). Chon mat phang the hien X-Z hay Y-Z, chon Drawing va nhan nut lenh Update&Draw e the hien s o cau treo va nhap. Neu thay ung, nhan nut lenh OK tren giao dien hnh 14 e ket thuc viec xay dng mo hnh nh cong cu Suspension Bridge Wizard. Mo hnh c ban cua cau treo day vang a c xay dng vi cap chu va day treo thuoc dang phan t cap, dam chu va tru thap c gan dang phan t thanh. Nhan chon bieu tng hien mo hnh di dang hnh phoi canh (hnh 16). tren thanh bieu tng e the

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Hieu chnh va hoan thien mo hnh cho giong vi thc te Tren c s mo hnh c tao bang cong cu wizard, tien hanh hieu chnh va hoan thien mo hnh nh mot so tac nghiep them nh them phan t, hieu chnh hnh dang tru thap, gan tai trong va ieu kien bien. (Based on the bridge model created from the wizard, additional modeling operations such as adding girders, modifying the shape of pylon, and entering the load and boundary conditions are done). Di chuyen cac nut cua mo hnh (Translate nodes of the model): thc hien mot trong nhng cach nh sau: Cach 1: T th muc chnh hay chon Model > Nodes > Translate (From the Main Menu select Model > Nodes > Translate). Cach 2: Hay chon Geometry > Nodes > Translate bang Menu cua cay th muc (Select Geometry > Nodes > Translate in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu). Cach 3: Nhap chuot tai bieu tng (Click Translate Nodes in the Icon Menu).

Cach 4: Dung lenh tat [Ctrl]+[Alt]+3 (Shortcut key: [Ctrl]+[Alt]+3) Trc tien nhap chuot vao bieu tng e hien th so cua cac nut tren mo hnh.

Nhan chon bieu tng va dung chuot tao ca so chon khu vc quanh tru thap e phong to mo hnh. oi vi v du trong hng dan , Tren man hnh se xuat hnh nh hnh 17. Nhap chuot e tat chc nang chon ca so phong to mo hnh. vao bieu tng e chuot tai v tr nut so 258 chng trnh se thong bao toa o cua nut so 258 la x=128.6, y=0, z=20.72. Tng t nh tren, chng trnh se thong bao toa o nut 260 la x=128.6, y=11, z=20.72 va toa o cua nut 215 la x=128.6, y=5.5, z=23.22. Chnh v s chenh lech cao o gia cac nut 258, 260 va 215 do o can di chuyen nut 258 va nut 260 mot khoang z=2.50 e cac nut 258, 260 va 215 co cung cao o t o chung ta co the tao c dam ngang cho tru thap ngay tai v tr ban mat cau. Thc hien goi lenh Translate theo mot trong bon cach neu tren, giao dien nh hnh 18 se xuat hien tren man hnh. Tren giao dien tai hnh 18 chuyen che o Mode sang Move , chon sau o dung chuot Equal Distance va nhap gia tr 0,0,2.5. Nhap chuot vao bieu tng nhap chon nut so 258 va 260. Nhan nut Apply tren giao dien, chng trnh se thc hien viec di chuyen nut 258 va 260 theo phng Z mot oan 2.50m. Thc hien lai cac bc neu tren e di chuyen nut 262 va 264 sao cho cung cao o vi nut 247 e co the tao dam ngang ngay tai v tr dam cho tru thap so 2.

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Hnh 17

Xac nh v tr giang ngang bang cach chia phan t tru (Dividing Pylon to determined locations of Pylon Transverse Beam). Thc hien lenh Divide chia phan t theo mot trong nhng cach sau: Cach 1: T th muc chnh hay chon Model > Elements > Divide (From the Main Menu select Model > Elements > Divide). Cach 2: Hay chon Geometry > Elements > Divide bang Menu cua cay th muc (Select Geometry > Elemets > Divide in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu). Cach 3: Nhap chuot tai bieu tng Elements in the Icon Menu).
Hnh 18

(Click

Divide

Cach 4: Dung phm lenh tat [Alt]+7 (Shortcut key: [Alt]+7)

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Trc tien nhap chuot vao bieu tng Phong to khu vc tru thap cua mo hnh. e hien th so cua cac phan t tren mo hnh.

Thc hien goi lenh Divide theo mot trong bon cach neu tren, giao dien nh hnh 19 se xuat hien tren man hnh. Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 19 nh sau: e co the chon cac phan t thanh can chia. Trong v Nhap chuot vao bieu tng du, dung chuot nhap chon phan t thanh so 255 va 258. Hai phan t c chon se oi mau tren man hnh. Chon Frame tai muc Element Type e gan thuoc tnh phan t thanh dam cho cac phan t phat sinh, Chon Unexqual Distance e nhap cac khoang cach khac nhau e chia phan t thanh cac phan oan mi. V du, nhap 1.25, 18.75 la v tr cua hai thanh giang tru thap.

Hnh 19

Nhan nut Apply tren giao dien, chng trnh se thc hien viec chia phan t thanh 255 va 258 thanh ba phan t . Man hnh se xuat hien nh hnh 20.

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Hnh 20

Mo hnh giang tru thap (Pylon-Transverse beams Modelling). Thc hien lenh Create Elements e tao phan t theo mot trong nhng cach sau: Cach 1: T th muc chnh hay chon Model > Elements > Create Elements (From the Main Menu select Model > Elements > Create Elements). Cach 2: Hay chon Geometry > Elements > Create bang Menu cua cay th muc (Select Geometry > Elemets > Create in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu). Cach 3: Nhap chuot tai bieu tng Menu). (Click Create Elements in the Icon

Cach 4: Dung phm lenh tat [Alt]+1 (Shortcut key: [Alt]+1) Giao dien nh hnh 21 se xuat hien tren man hnh. Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 21 nh sau:

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhap chuot tat bieu tng e khong hien th so cua phan t thanh. Nhan chuot m

bieu tng e hien th so cua phan t nut. Chon General beam/Tapered beam tai phan Element Type e gan thuoc tnh phan t thanh dam cho cac phan t mi, Trong phan Material chon loai vat lieu cho phan t mi. Trong v du chon vat lieu cho giang tru cung loai vat lieu vi tru thap do o chon vat lieu Pylon. Trong phan Section chon loai tiet dien cho phan t mi. Trong v du chon tiet dien cho giang tru thap la Pylon-Trans Chon hng cho tiet dien theo goc beta la 0 o trong phan Orientation . Goc tao gia truc Z cua he toa o tong the va truc Z cua he toa o a phng. Trong phan Intersection chon che o m cho Node va Element e chng trnh t phat sinh phan t tai cac nut co san va tai v tr giao cat gia cac phan t. Nhap chuot vao phan Nodal Connectivity. Tren man hnh, dung chuot ve phan t thanh noi nut 258 vi 260, 267 vi 269, 266 vi 268 e tao cac giang ngang cho tru thap.

Sau khi hoan thien mo hnh, s dung chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control e tnh toan cac chieu dai khong bien dang cuoi cung, hnh dang hnh hoc va ng suat trong cac phan t. (Upon finishing modeling, the final undeformed lengths, the geometric shape, and the internal member stresses are calculated using the function in Analysis > Suspension Bridge Analysis Control). S dung chc nang Initial Force for Geometric Stiffness cua chng trnh e t ong chuyen oi lc cang trong cap chu va day treo thanh o cng hnh hoc c tang them. (The cable and hanger tension forces determined by the Suspension Bridge Wizard are automatically converted into increased geometric stiffness using the Initial Force for Geometric Stiffness function within the program).

Hnh 21

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Xoa phan t tren nh tru thap (Remove the very top pylon transverse beams). Thc hien lenh Delete e xoa phan t theo mot trong nhng cach sau: Cach 1: T th muc chnh hay chon Model > Elements > Delete (From the Main Menu select Model > Elements > Delete). Cach 2: Hay chon Geometry > Elements > Create bang Menu cua cay th muc (Select Geometry > Elemets > Delete in the Menu tab of the Tree Menu). Cach 3: Nhap chuot tai bieu tng (Click Delete in the Icon Menu).

Cach 4: Sau khi chon cac phan t can xoa tren mo hnh, nhan phm [Delete] e xoa (Press the key: [Delete]) Sau khi thc hien lenh, tren man hnh xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 22. Chon Picking trong phan Type. Dung chuot chon phan t thanh can xoa. Trong v du chon phan t thanh giang tren nh tru thap (thanh so 257).

Hnh 22

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Lap lai trnh t di chuyen nut, chia phan t, tao phan t va xoa phan t nh trnh bay tren e hieu chnh va hoan thien cho phan tru thap th hai (tru thap ben phai). Xem mo hnh (View model) Sau khi hoan thien mo hnh, dung cac chc nang phong to thu nho, re hnh anh, quay mo hnh e kiem tra tnh chnh xac cua mo hnh. Nhom lenh vi chc nang phong to va thu nho (Zoom command group): bao gom mot so lenh vi chc nang cu the va cach goi lenh nh sau: Lenh Zoom Fit: The hien toan bo mo hnh tren man hnh. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Zoom > Fit (From the Main Menu select View > Zoom > Fit) (Click Zoom Fit in the Icon Menu) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ 0 (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ 0) Lenh Zoom Window: Phong to phan mo hnh nam trong hnh ch nhat c xac nh bang cach nhan phm trai cua chuot va keo re theo ng cheo cua hnh ch nhat. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Zoom > Window (From the Main Menu select View > Zoom > Window) (Click Zoom Window in the Icon Menu) o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift] + W (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ [Shift] + 0) Lenh Zoom In: Phong to phan mo hnh tren man hnh hien hanh o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Zoom > In (From the Main Menu select View > Zoom > In) (Click Zoom In in the Icon Menu) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ + (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ +) Lenh Zoom Out: Thu nho phan mo hnh tren man hnh hien hanh o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Zoom > Out (From the Main Menu select View > Zoom > Out) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng (Click Zoom Out in the Icon Menu) o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ - (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ -)

Nhom lenh vi chc nang keo re mo hnh (Pan command group): bao gom mot so lenh vi chc nang cu the va cach goi lenh nh sau: Lenh Pan Left: Ho tr keo re mo hnh sang trai man hnh. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 22 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Pan > Left (From the Main Menu select View > Paan > Left) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ (Click Pan Left in the Icon Menu) (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ )

Lenh Pan Right: Ho tr keo re mo hnh sang ben phai man hnh. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Pan > Right (From the Main Menu select View > Pan > Right) o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ (Click Pan Right in the Icon Menu) (Use shortcut key [Ctrl] + )

Lenh Pan Down: Ho tr keo re mo hnh xuong di o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Pan > Down (From the Main Menu select View > Pan > Down) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ (Click Pan Down in the Icon Menu) (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ )

Lenh Pan Up: Ho tr keo re man hnh len tren o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Pan > Up (From the Main Menu select View > Pan > Up) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ (Click Pan Up in the Icon Menu) (Use shortcut key [Ctrl]+ )

Nhom lenh vi chc nang the hien mo hnh phoi canh (Perspective Model View): bao gom mot so lenh vi chc nang cu the va cach goi lenh nh sau: Lenh Perspective View: The hien mo hnh dang pho canh (hnh 23). Thc hien theo mot rong nhng cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Perspective View (From the Main Menu select View > Pan > Right) (Click Perspective in the Icon Menu) o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ J (Use shortcut key [Ctrl] + J) Lenh Shrink View: The hien mo hnh dang thu nho theo ty le cua nut giup kiem tra ieu kien lien ket gia nut va phan t. (hnh 24). Thc hien theo mot rong nhng cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Shrink Element (From the Main Menu select View > Shrink Element) Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 23 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng (Click Shrink in the Icon Menu) o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ K (Use shortcut key [Ctrl] + K)

Hnh 23

Lenh Remove Hidden Lines: loai bo khoi mo hnh phoi canh cac ng net b che khuat. Thc hien theo mot rong nhng cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Remove Hidden Lines (From the Main Menu select View > Remove Hidden Lines) o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng (Click Hidden in the Icon Menu) o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ H (Use shortcut key [Ctrl] + H) Lenh Render View: The hien o bong va mau sac cua mo hnh theo cac tnh chat cua vat lieu, tiet dien hay o day. Thc hien theo mot rong nhng cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > Render View (From the Main Menu select View > Reder View) Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 24 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

o Cach 2: Nhan bieu tng (Click Render in the Icon Menu) o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [F6] (Use shortcut key [F6])

Hnh 24

Khai bao ieu kien bien (Input Boundary Conditions)

oi vi cau treo day vong can khai bao ieu kien bien cho tru thap, neo day cap chu va au dam chu cua hai nhp bien (Input boundary conditions for the pylons, cable anchors and the ends of the side spans). Vi chc nang Suspension Bridge Wizard mo hnh cau treo c lap vi ieu kien neo ngam chat cho cap chu (Cable anchors: fix) va ieu kien bien tai tru thap cung c t ong khai bao loai ngam (Pylon base : fix). V du trong hng dan, ieu kien bien tai chan tru thap c khai bao cho nut 259, 261, 263 va 265 thuoc loai ngam, ieu kien neo cap chu c gan tai nut so 1, 103, 53 va 155. Trong trng hp v du, can khai bao ieu kien bien dang khp xoay quanh truc y cho au dam chu cua nhp bien. Trnh t cac bc khai bao ieu kien bien cho au dam cua hai nhp bien nh sau : Goi lenh Supports theo mot trong cac cach di ay Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 25 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Model > Boundaries > Supports o Cach 2 : Chon Model > Boundaries > Supports trong bang Menu cua cay th muc Nhap cac gia tr cho goi theo giao dien tren hnh 25 : Chon Default cho Boundary Group Name. Chon Add trong muc Options. Khai bao goi loai khp quay quanh truc y cho nut so 205 va 257. Nhan nut lenh Apply e gan ieu kien bien.

Hnh 25

Khai bao ieu kien bien cho dam chu ngay tai v tr tru thap: Trong mo hnh v du cho cau treo day vong, tai v tr tru thap dam chu c ke tren goi con lan. Gan ieu kien bien cho dam chu tai v tr tru thap vi goi con lan nh chc nang Beam End Release Function. (In this model, the boundary condition for the deck at the pylons is roller. Assign the boundary condition for the deck at the pylons as a roller condition using the Beam End Release function). Cach thc hien nh sau: Goi lenh Beam End Release theo mot trong cac cach di ay o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Model > Boundaries > Beam End Release o Cach 2 : Chon Model > Boundaries > Beam End Release trong bang Menu cua cay th muc

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Dung cac nhom lenh phong to thu nho e phong to khu vc dam chu va tru thap. Dung cac nhom lenh chon phan t e chon phan t tai tru thap. Trong v du chon phan t thanh so 212. Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien nh tren hnh 26: Chon Default tai Boundary Group Name. Chon Add/Replace trong phan Options. Trong phan General Types and Partial Fixity anh dau chon My (i-node), Fx (j-node) va My (j-node). Nhan nut Apply e chng trnh thc hien gan ieu kien giai phong lien ket cho phan t thanh dam so 212.

Hnh 26

Lap lai cac bc nh tren e gan ieu kien bien My (i-node), Fx (i-node) va My (jnode) cho phan t thanh so 213. Lap lai cac bc neu tren e gan ieu kien bien cho dam chu tai v tr tru thap th hai. Cu the cho phan t thanh dam so 244 My (i-node), Fx (j-node) va My (j-node) va cho phan t thanh so 245 My (i-node), Fx (i-node) va My (j-node).

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Khai bao ieu kien lien ket cho dam chu: Trong trng hp v du, cau treo day vong s dung neo b ong cho cap vi cau tao ma trong o cac dam chu khong c lien ket nh cac khp th trong trong khi dam chu ang c treo bi day treo va c lien ket tng phan oan, dam chu khong chu tai tai trang thai can bang ban au. Trong ket cau khp nh the nay, cac phan oan dam chu c giai phong moment nh chc nang Beam End Release trc khi thc hien phan tch tran thai can bang ban au bang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control. Khi giai phong moment quay quanh truc y, ch giai phong mot au cua phan t nham tranh tnh trang mat on nh cho phan t nh hnh 27 mo hnh a b mat on nh va mo hnh b la mo hnh on nh. (In the case of a suspension bridge with dead anchors for cables in which decks (girders) are initially unconnected with hinges while being hung from the hangers and subsequently connected, the decks are unstressed at the initial equilibrium state. In such hinge construction, the Beam End Release function is used to release moments in the decks prior to carrying out the initial equilibrium state analysis using Suspension Bridge Analysis Control. When releasing moment about My, only one element at a node is released to avoid instability as shown in Fig. 27). Cau treo day vong c thi cong nh hnh 28, Cac phan oan cua dam chu thuoc Phan 1 c giai phong moment tai au j va cac phan oan thuoc phan 2 c giai phong moment tai au i.

Hnh 27: Lien ket khp gia cac phan oan cua dam chu

Hnh 28

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas e khai bao Khai bao ieu kien lien ket cho cac phan oan dam chu, thc hien lenh Beam End Release nh a mo ta trong phan khai bao ieu kien bien cho dam chu ngay tai v tr tru thap. Cach thc hien nh sau: Goi lenh Beam End Release, tren man hnh se xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 26 tai muc Tao nhom ieu kien bien Pin Connection bang cach nhan vao ky hieu Boundary Group Name e xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 29. o Nhap ten Pin Connection tai dong Name o Nhan nut lenh Add e tao nhom ieu kien bien vi ten Pin Connection. o Nhan nut Close e tr ve giao dien nh hnh 26. Dung nhom lenh phong to thu nho, nhom lenh chon phan t e chon cac phan t cho phan dam chu pha ben trai tru thap so 1 va tru thap so 2. Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien nh tren hnh 30: Chon Pin Connection Default tai Boundary Group Name. Chon Add/Replace trong phan Hnh 29 Options. Trong phan General Types and Partial Fixity anh dau chon My (i-node). Trong v du chon phan t thanh so 204 en 211 va 230 en 243. Nhan nut lenh Apply e thc hien lenh.

Hnh 30

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Lap lai trnh t tren e gan ieu kien lien ket cho phan dam chu pha ben phai cua tru thap vi ieu kien trong phan General Types and Partial Fixity anh dau chon My (j-node). Trong v du chon phan t thanh so 214 en 228 va 246 en 253 (hnh 31)

Hnh 31

Khai bao nhom ket cau (Define Structure Groups) e co the thc hien phan tch hnh dang ban au cua cap chu cho he ket cau hoan chnh gom tru thap va dam chu nh chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control, can nh ngha nhom ket cau cho cac nut lien ket day treo vi cap chu: nhom Sag Points gom cac nut co toa o khong thay oi (nut tai gia cap chu) va nhom Nodes to be Updated gom cac nut co toa o can c hieu chnh. Lu y, nhom Nodes to be Updated bao gom ca cac nut cua nhom Sag Points. (In order to carry out the analysis for cable initial shape for the total structural system, which contains the pylons and decks, using Suspension Bridge Analysis Control, we need to define Structure Groups for Sag Points, whose coordinates are unchanged, and Nodes, which need to be updated). Trnh t khai bao nhom ket cau nh sau: Goi lenh Define Structure Group theo mot trong cac cach di ay : o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Model > Group > Define Structure Group o Cach 2 : Chon Geometry > Group > Define Structure Group trong bang Menu cua cay th muc o Cach 3 : Bam phm phai chuot tai Structure Group trong bang Group cua cay th muc, sau o chon New o Cach 4 : Nhan phm tat [Ctrl]+[F1] Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 30 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 32 : nhap ten cua nhom ket cau Sag Points tai dong Name. Nhap nut lenh Add e tao nhom ket cau. Lap lai cac bc neu tren e tao nhom ket cau Nodes to be Updated Nhan nut lenh Close e ket thuc khai bao.

Hnh 32

Gan cac nut vao cac nhom (Assign nodes to defined group) Sau khi khai bao nh ngha cac nhom ket cau, thc hien gan cac nut vao cac nhom tng ng nh sau: Chon Structure Group t bang Group tren cay th muc Dung cac lenh thuoc nhom lenh la chon phan t nh Select Identity Nodes e chon cac nut tng tng cho nhom ket cau Nodes to be Updated. Trong v du chon nut 2 en 10, 12 en 42, 44 en 52, 104 en 112, 114 en 144, 146 en 154. Nhan phm trai chuot vao ten nhom Nodes to be Updated tren phan Structure Group, gi va keo re sang ca so cua mo hnh e gan cac nut a c la chon vao nhom Nodes to be Updated (hnh 33)

Hnh 33

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Lap lai trnh t nh tren e gan cac nut tai iem gia cua cap chu (nut so 27 va 129 trong v du) vao nhom ket cau Sag Points.

Khai bao tai trong (Input Loadings) Khai bao trng hp tai trong (Input Stsic Load Cases) theo trnh t nh sau: Goi lenh Static Load Cases theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Load > Static Load Case o Cach 2 : Chon Static Load > Load Cases trong bang Menu cua cay th muc o Cach 3 : Nhan phm tat [F9] Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 34: Nhap trng hp tnh tai ban than vi ten Self Weight tai dong Name. Chon Dead Load (D) tai dong Type. Mo ta trng hp tai trong la Self Weight tai dong Description. Nhan nut lenh Add e chng trnh khai bao trng hp tai trong va nhap Nhan nut lenh Close e ket thuc viec khai bao trng hp tai trong.

Hnh 34

Khai bao d lieu cho trng hp tai trong ban than Goi lenh Self Weight theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Load > Self Weight o Cach 2 : Chon Static Load > Self Weight trong bang Menu cua cay th muc Nhap d lieu cho giao dien hnh 35 nh sau: o Chon Self Weight cho Load Case Name tai dong Load Group Name o Khai bao nhom tai trong: Nhan vao ky hieu e xuat hien giao dien phu Define Load Group. Nhap ten L_G cho nhom tai trong. Nhan nut lenh Add e ket thuc khai bao nhom tai trong. o Chon L_G cho Load Group Name o Trong phan Self Weight Factor nhap gia tr cho Z la -1 Nhan nut lenh Add e chng trnh thc hien khai bao d lieu cho tai trong ban than Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 32 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhan nut lenh Close e ket thuc viec khai bao trng hp tai trong.

Hnh 35

Lu y: Khi gan gia tr Z=-1, chng trnh se t ong tnh toan tai trong ban than cua cac phan t t nhng thong so nh khoi lng rieng cua vat lieu, kch thc hnh hoc cua tiet dien, chieu dai phan t Chnh v vay trc khi nhap d lieu cho tai trong ban than can Active tat ca cac phan t cua mo hnh bang cach nhan vao bieu tng tren thanh bieu tng.

Trong v du, trong lng rieng cua dam chu c nhap vi gia tr 0 do o tnh tai cua dam chu khong c tnh toan vi chc nang Self Weight. Trong trng hp nay, co the quy oi tnh tai cua dam chu thanh tai trong tac dung len cac day treo. V du: Trong lng mot n v met dai dam chu (Weight of Deck per unit length): Wd =4.235 T/m Khoang cach gia hai day treo (Longitudinal spacing of hanger) : Ld = 12.5 m Bo qua trong lng day treo (Ignore hanger self-weight) bi v trong lng rieng cua day treo a c khai bao trong phan khai bao vat lieu. Tnh tai cua ban mat cau tac dung len cac day treo (Self weight of the decks acting on the hangers) c tnh bang Wd/2 x Ld = 4.235 / 2 x 12.5 = 26.469 T Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 33 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Khai bao tai trong tac dung len nut (Assign Nodal Load) : S dung chc nang nay e khai bao tnh tai ban mat cau bang cach khai bao tai trong quy oi tac dung len cac nut cua day treo. Thc hien cac bc di ay: Goi lenh Nodal Load theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Load > Nodal Load o Cach 2 : Chon Static Load > Nodal Load trong bang Menu cua cay th muc Nhap d lieu cho giao dien hnh 36 nh sau: o Chon Self Weight cho Load Case Name o Chon L_G cho Load Group Name o Chon Add e khai bao them tai trong tai cac nut (trong trng hp ban muon xoa cac tai trong tai nut a khai bao trc o chon Delete, hoac thay the tai trong a khai bao bang tai trong khac chon Replace) o Nhap gia tr cho tai trong (trong v du la Fz = -26.469 T) Dung cac lenh cua nhom Zoom, nhom la chon phan t e chon cac nut lien ket gia day treo va dam chu. Trong v du chon nut so 54 en 102, 156 en 204. Nhan nut lenh Apply e gan tai trong (xem hnh 36)

Hnh 36

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 34

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Kiem tra phan tch cau treo day vong (Suspension Bridge Analysis Control) Chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control thc hien phan tch trang thai can bang ban au chnh xac cho he ket cau tong the can c vao toa o cua cap c tnh toan nh chc nang Suspension Bridge Wizard, chieu dai khong chu keo va luc nam ngang. He ket cau tong the nay phan anh viec thay oi dam chu va tru thap. (Suspension Bridge Analysis Control executes accurate initial equilibrium state analysis for the total structural system, which reflects modified pylons and decks, based on the cable coordinates generated from Suspension Bridge Wizard, unstressed length and horizontal tensions). Phan tch trang thai ban au chnh xac c thc hien oi vi tnh tai ban than cua cau (Accurate initial equilibrium state analysis is performed for the self weight of the bridge). Thc hien chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control theo trnh t sau: Goi lenh Suspension Bridge Analysis Control theo cach di ay: o T Main Menu chon Analysis > Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Nhap d lieu cho giao dien hnh 37 nh sau: o Nhap so vong tnh lap cho phan tch phi tuyen. V du 10 o Nhap ieu kien hoi tu cho phep tnh (sai so cho phep). V du 10e-5 o Chon Node to be Updated cho Node Group to be Update o Chon Sag Points cho Sag Points o Chon Self Weight cho Load Case (Chon trng hp tai ma lc cang trong day se can bang, thong thng trong thiet ke cau treo day vong nen chon trng hp tai do tai trong ban than cua ket cau va tnh tai). o Nhap gia tr 1 cho Scale Factor Nhan nut lenh Add neu chap nhan nhng thong Hnh 37 so au vao neu tren Nhan nut lenh OK e ket thuc khai bao Thc hien phan tch ket cau (Run Structure Analysis) theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Analysis > Run Analysis o Cach 2 : Nhan vao bieu tng o Cach 3 : Nhan phm tat [F5] Analysis Perform tren thanh bieu tng

Trong khi thc hien chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control, Cac lc ban au (i5ln) c tnh toan se c s dung nh ket qua cua trang thai can bang ban au trong phan tch bien dang ln va phan tch bien dang ln trong qua trnh thi cong. Gia tr lc ban au (bien dang ln) a bao gom gia tr lc ban au thay the cho o cng hnh hoc va trang thai can bang Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 35 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas noi lc. Lc ban au (bien dang nho) c tnh toan se c dung nh ket qua cua trang thai can bang ban au trong phan tch tuyen tnh. Lc ban au (bien dang nho) bao gom noi lc trong phan t (element force) ban au. Gia tr tnh toan co the xem trong bang Tables. (Upon execution of Suspension Bridge Analysis Control, Initial Forces (Large Displacement) are calculated, which are used to represent the initial equilibrium state in large displacement analysis and construction stage large displacement analysis. Initial Forces (Large Displacement) includes Initial Forces for Geometric Stiffness and Equilibrium Element Nodal Force. Initial Forces (Small Displacement) are calculated, which are used to represent initial equilibrium state in linear analysis. Initial Forces (Small Displacement) includes Initial Element Forces. The calculated values can be checked in tables). e xem gia tr lc ban au tnh toan tng trng cho o cng hnh hoc trong trng hp bien dang ln (hnh 38), thc hien nh sau: Cach 1: T Main Menu chon Load > Load Tables > Initial Forces for Geometric Stiffness. Cach 2: Chon Structure Tables > Static Loads > Initial Forces for Geometric Stiffness trong bang Tables tab cua cay th muc.

Hnh 38

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 36

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas e xem gia tr lc ban au tnh toan tng trng cho trang thai can bang lc trong trng hp bien dang ln (hnh 39), thc hien nh sau: T Main Menu chon Load > Initial Forces > Large Displacement > Equilibrium

Hnh 39

Element Nodal Forces. e xem gia tr lc ban au tnh toan can bang vi trang thai can bang lc trong trng hp bien dang nho (hnh 40), thc hien nh sau: T Main Menu chon Load > Initial Forces > Small Displacement > Initial Element Forces.

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 37

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Hnh 40

Lc ban au Bien dang ln (Initial Forces - Large Displacement) Lc ban au ai dien cho o cng hnh hoc (Initial Forces for Geometric Stiffness): Gia tr nay c dung e ai dien cho trang thai can bang ban au trong phan tch chuyen v ln cua qua trnh thi cong va phan tch chuyen v ln. Chng trnh tnh cac lc ngoai trong trang thai can bang vi cac lc c nhap cung nh lc ban au. Khi cac lc ban au nay c xet di dang o cng hnh hoc th cac so lieu nay se c bo qua trong phan tch tuyen tnh giong nh phan tch trang thai hoan thien. (This is used to represent initial equilibrium state in construction stage large displacement analysis and large displacement analysis. The program internally generates external forces, which are in equilibrium with the entered member forces as well as the initial forces. Once the initial forces are considered for formulating geometric stiffness, the data becomes ignored in linear analysis such as completed state analysis). Noi lc can bang dung trong phan tch qua trnh thi cong (Equilibrium Element Nodal Force used in construction stage analysis). Gia tr noi lc nay dung cho viec phan tch chuyen v ln trong qua trnh thi cong ngc. Ngoai cac tai trong ma no trang thai can bang vi cac noi lc nay, nhng noi lc gay bien dang. Cac noi lc nay se c bo qua trong phan tch chuyen v ln Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 38 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas khong co qua trnh thi cong. (Equilibrium Element Nodal Forces are used specifically for backward construction stage large displacement analysis. Without loads, which are in equilibrium with these nodal forces, the nodal forces cause deformation. The nodal forces are ignored in large displacement analysis having no construction stages). Lc ban au Bien dang nho (Initial Forces - Small Displacement) Lc phan t ban au (Initial Element Forces): Trong phan tch tuyen tnh cho trang thai hoan thien, cac lc ban au trong thanh c xet en bang cach chuyen oi thanh o cng hnh hoc. Neu thc hien phan tch bien dang ln th nhng so lieu nay se c bo qua. (Initial element forces are considered in formulating geometric stiffness in completed state linear analysis. This data is ignored if large displacement analysis is carried out). Loai bo so lieu kiem tra phan tch phi tuyen va so lieu phan tch cau treo day vong (Remove Nonlinear Analysis Control Data & Suspension Bridge Analysis Data) Viec phan tch chuyen v hu han tuyen tnh la phu hp oi vi phan tch trang thai hoan thien th. Chnh v vay viec phan tch nay c thc hien. Tuy nhien, so lieu kiem tra phan tch phi tuyen c hnh thanh v chc nang Suspension Bridge Wizard dung phng phap phan tch phi tuyen e phan tch trang thai can bang ban au. Bay gi, e thc hien phan tch tuyen tnh can phai loai bo cac so lieu kiem tra phan tch phi tuyen. Tng t, e thc hien phan tch trang thai hoan thien, can loai bo cac so lieu phan tch cau treo day vong khi chung ta nhan c lc trong phan t di dang o cng hnh hoc nh chc nang Suspension Bridge Analysis Control. (Linearized finite displacement analysis is sufficient for the completed state analysis, so it is carried out as such. However, because initial equilibrium state analysis is carried out by nonlinear analysis when Suspension Bridge Wizard is executed, Nonlinear Analysis Control Data is generated. We now need to remove Nonlinear Analysis Control Data to perform linear analysis. Also, once we obtain member forces to formulate geometric stiffness through Suspension Bridge Analysis Control, we can then remove Suspension Bridge Analysis Data to perform completed state analysis). Loai bo so lieu kiem tra phan tch phi tuyen bang cach di ay: T Main Menu chon Analysis / Nonlinear Analysis Control Nhan so lieu cho giao dien (hnh 41) o Chon Geometry Nonlinear trong phan Nonlinear Type o Chon phng phap Newton Raphson vi Number of Load Step co gia tr 1 va Maximun Number of Iteration/Load Step co gia tr 10 trong phan Iteration Method. o Chon Displacement Norm vi gia tr 0.001 trong phan Convergence Criteria o Nhan nut lenh Add trong phan Load Case Specific Nonlinear Analysis Control Data e xuat hien giao dien phu. Trong giao dien phu, chon trng hp tai can loai bo so lieu kiem tra phi tuyen. Trong v du chon trng hp tai Self Weight. Nhan nut lenh Ok trong giao dien phu. Nhan nut lenh Remove Nonlinear Analysis Control Data e loai bo so lieu Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 39 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Hnh 41

Loai bo so lieu phan tch cau treo day vong bang cach di ay: T Main Menu chon Analysis / Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Nhan so lieu cho giao dien (hnh 42) o Chon gia tr 10 cho Number of Iteration o Nhap gia tr 10e-5 cho Covergence Tolerance o Chon Nodes to be Updated cho Node Group to be Updated o Chon Sag Points cho Sag Point Group o Trong phan Load Cases to be Considered chon Self Weight cho Load Case va gia tr 1 cho Scale Factor. Nhan nut lenh Remove Suspension Bridge Analysis Data e loai bo so lieu.

Hnh 42

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 40

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Remove & modify Beam End Release conditions for deck Sau khi phan tch trang thai can bang ban au, tien hanh phan tch trang thai hoan thien vi dam chu a c lien ket. Do o, can loai bo khoi mo hnh ieu kien giai phong phan t cho dam chu. (After initial equilibrium state analysis, completed state analysis is performed with the decks being connected. As such, we now remove the Beam End Release conditions for the decks). Thc hien loai bo lien ket theo cac bc sau: T cay thc muc chon bang Works. Chon Boundaries > Beam End Release > Type 1. Nhan phm Delete e loai bo loai lien ket nay khoi mo hnh. Chon Boundaries > Beam End Release > Type 4. Nhan phm Delete e loai bo lien ket nay khoi mo hnh. Hieu chnh lien ket gia Tru thap va dam chu e thc hien phan tch trang thai hoan thien, dam chu va tru thap c lien ket. Chnh v vay chung ta can loai bo ieu kien bien cua dam chu ngay tai v tr tru thap - ieu kien a khai bao trc ay e thc hien phan tch trang thai can bang ban au. (The pylons and decks are connected to carry out the completed state analysis. we remove the Beam End Release conditions for the decks). Thc hien theo cac bc di ay:

Hnh 43

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 41

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas T cay th muc cho bang Works Bam phm phai chuot tai Boundaries>Beam End Release>Type 1 : Chon Properties Tren man hnh xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 43. Tat lua chon My (i-Node) Bam nut lenh Apply e thc hien lenh. Tng t cac bc neu tren cho lien ket Type 2 va tat la chon My (j-Node) Khai bao day treo tai gia nhp chnh (Input center span stay) Tai phan gia cua nhp chnh, chung ta mo hnh day treo gia e theo phng doc cau dam chu co cung chuyen v vi cap chu. Thong thng mo hnh cho day treo gia co dang day treo hng tam hay dang lien ket (linking Type). Trong v du hng dan, dung lien ket Elastic Link e mo hnh day treo gia lien ket dam chu vi cap chu. (At the center part of the center span, we model the center stay, which will equalize the movement of the girders and the main cable in the axis of the bridge. The structural type of the center stay is normally a center diagonal stay type or a linking type. In this tutorial, we will model the center stay that connects the girders and cables using the Elastic Link function). Thc hien cac bc nh sau:

Hnh 44

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 42

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Goi lenh Elastic Link theo mot trong hai cach di ay: Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Model > Boundaries > Elastic Link. Cach 2: Chon Geometry > Boundaries > Elastic Link t bang Menu cua cay th muc. Dung nhom lenh phong to thu nho e phong to vung gia nhp chnh The hien so cua nut. Nhap thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 44: o Chon Default cho Boundary Group Name o Chon Add trong phan Options o Chon General Type trong phan Link Type o Nhap gia tr 1e11 cho SDz o Nhap so 27 va 78 cho phan 2 Nodes (trong v du nut so 27 nam gia cap chu va nut so 78 la nut giua dam chu. o anh dau chon Copy Elastic Link o Chon Distance o Chon y trong phan Axis. o Nhap gia tr 11 cho phan Distances Nhan nut lenh Apply e chng trnh tao lien ket cho hai day treo gia cua mo hnh Khai bao trng hp tai trong (Input Load Cases ) e kiem tra ng x cua cau treo day vong tai trang thai hoan thien, chung ta gia nh tai trong kiem tra la tai trong tnh cua xe. Trc tien can khai bao ten cac trng hp hoat tai nh hnh 45. va khai bao tai trong tnh nh hnh 45. (In order to examine the behavior of the suspension bridge at the stage of the completed state, we assume that static vehicle is used as test loading. We first generate static load cases as shown in Fig. 45). Theo trnh t nh sau: Goi lenh Static Load Cases theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Load > Static Load Case o Cach 2 : Chon Static Load > Load Cases trong bang Menu cua cay th muc o Cach 3 : Nhan phm tat [F9] Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 45: Nhap trng hp tnh tai ban than vi ten Self Weight tai dong Name. Chon Dead Load (D) tai dong Type. Mo ta Trang

Hnh 45

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 43

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas trng hp tai trong la Self Weight tai dong Description. Nhan nut lenh Add e chng trnh khai bao trng hp tai trong va nhap Tiep tuc nhap d lieu cho trng hp tai trong LC1: nhap LC1 tai dong Name, User Defined Load (User) tai dong Type. Nhap Static Load Test tai Description. Tiep tuc nhap d lieu cho trng hp tai trong LC2: nhap LC2 tai dong Name, User Defined Load (User) tai dong Type. Nhap Static Load Test tai Description. Tiep tuc nhap d lieu cho trng hp tai trong LC3: nhap LC3 tai dong Name, User Defined Load (User) tai dong Type. Nhap Static Load Test tai Description. Nhan nut lenh Close e ket thuc viec khai bao trng hp tai trong.

chon dong chon dong chon dong

Gan tai trong cho cac trng hp tai Gia nh v tr va tai trong xe nh tren hnh 46. Gan tai tai 3 v tr khac nhau nh la cac trng hp tai rieng. (Assume the vehicle weight as 46 tonf, and apply the load at three different locations as separate load cases).

Hnh 46

Thc hien gan tai trong theo cac bc sau: Goi lenh Nodal Load theo mot trong cac cach di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Load > Nodal Load o Cach 2 : Chon Static Load > Nodal Load trong bang Menu cua cay th muc Nhap d lieu cho giao dien hnh 47 nh sau: o Chon LC1 cho Load Case Name o Chon Default cho Load Group Name o Chon Add e khai bao them tai trong tai cac nut (trong trng hp ban muon xoa cac tai trong tai nut a khai bao trc o chon Delete, hoac thay the tai trong a khai bao bang tai trong khac chon Replace) o Nhap gia tr cho tai trong (trong v du la Fz = -46 T) Dung cac lenh cua nhom Zoom, nhom la chon phan t e chon nut gia cua dam chu cua nhp chnh. Trong v du chon nut so 231 Nhan nut lenh Apply e gan tai trong (xem hnh 47) Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 44 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Hnh 47

Lap lai trnh t tren cho trng hp tai LC2 va LC3.

Tien hanh phan tch ket cau (Phan tch trang thai hoan thien) theo mot trong cac
cach neu di ay: o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Analysis > Run Analysis o Cach 2 : Nhan vao bieu tng o Cach 3 : Nhan phm tat [F5] Analysis Perform tren thanh bieu tng

Xem ket qua phan tch trang thai hoan thien (Review Results of the Completed State Analysis )
Ket qua phan tch tnh (Static Analysis Results) Nhom lenh the hien goc nhn mo hnh gom cac lenh vi chc nang va cach goi lenh nh sau: Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 45 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas

Lenh Iso: The hien mo hnh theo goc nhn khong gian. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Iso o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Iso o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ I Lenh Top (+Z): The hien hnh chieu bang cua mo hnh t tren xuong. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Top (+Z) Top View o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ T Lenh Bottom (-Z): The hien hnh chieu bang cua mo hnh t di len. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Bottom (-Z) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Bottom View o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ B Lenh Left (-X): The hien hnh chien ben cua mo hnh nhn t ben trai. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Left (-X) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Left View o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ L Lenh Right (+X): The hien hnh chieu ben cua mo hnh nhn t ben phai. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Right (+X) Right View o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ R Lenh Front (-Y): The hien mat trc cua mo hnh nhn. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Front (-Y) Front View o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ F Lenh Rear (+Y): The hien hnh chieu ben cua mo hnh nhn t ben phai. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Rear (+Y) o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Rear View o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Shift]+ E Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 46 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Lenh Angle: The hien mo hnh theo go nhn nh trc . Thc hien theo mot trong hai cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Angle Angle o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Lenh Rotate Left: Quay mo hnh sang ben trai. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Rotate Left o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Rotate Left o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Alt]+ Lenh Rotate Right: Quay mo hnh sang ben phai. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Rotate Right o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Rotate Right o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Alt] + Lenh Rotate Up: Quay mo hnh len tren. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Rotate Up o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng Rotate Up o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Alt]+ Lenh Rotate Down: Quay mo hnh xuong di. Thc hien theo mot trong ba cach sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh Main Menu chon View > View Point > Rotate Down Rotate Down o Cach 2: Nhan chon bieu tng o Cach 3: Dung phm tat [Ctrl]+ [Alt]+ Xem hnh bien dang (Review deformed shape) Dung cac nhom lenh the hien goc nhn mo hnh e the hien mat trc cua mo hnh. e xem ket qua bien dang tong the cua ket cau thc hien lenh Deformations nh sau: Goi lenh Deformations theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Deformations > Deformed Shape o Cach 2: Chon Deformations > Deformed Shape trong bang Menu cua cay th muc o Cach 3: Nhap vao bieu tng Deformation Shape Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 48: o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1 o Trong phan Components chon phng cua bien dang. V du chon xem ket qua bien dang theo khong gian DXYZ. o Trong phan Types of Display chon: 1. Undeformed: neu muon the hien mo hnh ban au 2. Values: Neu muon the hien gia tr Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 47 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas 3. Legend: Neu muon the hien Ghi chu cho mo hnh bien dang 4. Animate: Khi muon xem s phat trien cua bien dang 5. Mirrored: Khi muong the hien hnh anh oi xng cua bien dang. 6. trong v du chon Undeformed va Legend. Nhan nut lenh Apply e thc hien lenh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien hnh anh bien dang cua mo hnh ket cau (hnh 48)

Hnh 48

Xem ket qua chuyen v nut di dang bang gia tr e xem ket qua chuyen v cua cac nut i dang bang thc hien lenh Displacements nh sau: Goi lenh Displacements theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Result Tables > Displacements o Cach 2: Chon Result Tables> Diaplacements trong bang Tables cua cay th muc Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 49: o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1, LC2 va LC3 o Nhap so cua cac nut can xem gia tr o Trong phan selected Type chon loai phan t can xem ket qua. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 48 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhan nut lenh OK e thc hien lenh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien bang ket qua.

Hnh 49

Xem Ket qua Moment (Review moments) Dung cac nhom lenh the hien goc nhn mo hnh e the hien mat trc cua mo hnh. e xem ket qua moment cua ket cau thc hien lenh Beam Diagrams nh sau: Goi lenh Beam Diagrams theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Forces > Beam Diagrams o Cach 2: Chon Results > Forces > Beam Diagrams trong bang Menu cua cay th muc Beam Diagrams o Cach 3: Nhap vao bieu tng Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 50: o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1 o Trong phan Components chon ai lng moment can xem ket qua. V du chon xem momen quay quanh truc y My. o Trong phan Display Options chon: 1. 5 Points: The hien bieu o momnet vi 5 iem tren bieu o 2. Line Fill: The hien bieu o dang ke soc. (No Fill bieu o khong ke soc, Solid Fill: bieu o to ac) o Trong phan Types of Display chon: 1. Contour: the hien dang ng ong moment 2. Deform: the hien bieu o moment tren mo hnh bien dang 3. Values: Neu muon the hien gia tr 4. Legend: Neu muon the hien Ghi chu cho ket qua 5. Animate: Khi muon xem s phat trien cua bieu o moment 6. Mirrored: Khi muon the hien hnh anh oi xng cua bieu o moment 7. trong v du chon Contour va Legend. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 49 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhan nut lenh Apply e thc hien lenh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien hnh anh bieu o momen cua mo hnh ket cau di tac dung cua trng hp tai LC1 (hnh 50)

Hnh 50

Xem Ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu (Review axial forces in the main cables) e xem ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu cua ket cau thc hien lenh Truss Forces nh sau: Goi lenh Truss Forces theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Forces > Truss Forces o Cach 2: Chon Results > Forces > Truss Forces trong bang Menu cua cay th muc o Cach 3: Nhap vao bieu tng Truss Forces Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 51: o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1 o Trong phan Force Filter chon All e the hien ca lc keo va lc nen, chon Tens. ch the hien lc keo, chon Comp. ch the hien lc nen. V du chon All. o Trong phan Types of Display chon: 1. Contour: the hien dang ng ong gia tr 2. Deform: the hien lc doc tren mo hnh bien dang 3. Values: Neu muon the hien gia tr lc doc Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 50 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas 4. Legend: Neu muon the hien Ghi chu cho ket qua 5. Animate: Khi muon xem s phat trien cua lc doc 6. Mirrored: Khi muon the hien hnh anh theo chieu ngc len tren. 7. trong v du chon Contour va Legend. Nhan nut lenh Apply e thc hien lenh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien hnh anh (hnh 51)

Hnh 51

Xem ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu di dang bang gia tr e xem ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu di dang bang gia tr thc hien lenh Forces sau: Goi lenh Forces theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Result Tables > Truss > Force o Cach 2: Chon Result Tables> Truss > Force trong bang Tables cua cay th muc Con chim Hnh 52 non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 51 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 52: o Chon Material trong phan Select Type o Chon 1: Cable o Nhan nut lenh Replace, trong phan Node or Element se xuat hien so cac phan t cua cap chu. o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1, LC2 va LC3 Nhan nut lenh OK e thc hien lenh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien bang ket qua nh hnh 53 di ay:

Hnh 52

Nhng gia tr trong bang neu tren la gia tr cua nhng lc doc phat sinh them trong cap chu. Tai trang thai can bang ban au, lc cang do tnh tai a xuat hien. Chnh v vay, tong lc cang trong cap chu va day treo phai bang tong gia tr trong bang ket qua tren vi gia tr lc ban au ai dien cho o cng hnh hoc a c tnh trong cac bc trc. Tong gia tr lc doc c tnh trong cac bc tiep theo. Tnh toan tong lc doc trong cap: e tnh toan tong lc doc trong cap chu, thc hien lenh Initial Forces Control Data nh sau: Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 52 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Goi lenh: t th muc chnh chon Load > Initial Forces > Small Displacement > Initial Forces Control Data. Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 53 o Chon Add Initial Force to Element Force o Chon trng hp tai trong can xem xet e tnh tong gia tr lc doc trong phan Load Case. V du chon trng hp tai LC1 o Nhan nut OK e ket thuc giao dien tren hnh 53. o Tren man hnh se xuat hien giao dien yeu cau xac nhan thong tin. Chon Yes e khang nh. o
Hnh 53

Tien hanh phan tch ket cau theo mot trong cac cach neu di ay:
o Cach 1 : T Main Menu chon Analysis > Run Analysis o Cach 2 : Nhan vao bieu tng o Cach 3 : Nhan phm tat [F5] Analysis Perform tren thanh bieu tng

Xem ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu di dang bang gia tr e xem ket qua lc doc truc trong cap chu di dang bang gia tr thc hien lenh Forces sau: Goi lenh Forces theo mot trong cac cach sau ay: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Results > Result Tables > Truss > Force o Cach 2: Chon Result Tables> Truss > Force trong bang Tables cua cay th muc Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 54: o Chon Material trong phan Select

Hnh 54

Type o Chon 1: Cable

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 53

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas o Nhan nut lenh Replace, trong phan Node or Element se xuat hien so cac phan t cua cap chu. o Chon trng hp tai trong muon xem ket qua trong phan Load Cases/ Combination. Trong v du chon trng hp LC1, LC2 va LC3 Nhan nut lenh OK e thc hien lenh

Hnh 55

Gia tr trong bang the hien tong lc doc trong cap chu bao gom ca lc doc do hoat tai gay ra va lc doc do tnh tai gay ra sau khi phan tch bien dang nho cua ket cau.

Lap mo hnh cho phan tch giai oan thi cong (Modelling for Construction Stage Analysis)
Cau treo day vong tng oi mat on nh trong suot qua trnh thi cong khi so sanh vi giai aon hoan thien. Chnh v vay, trong phan tch cau day vong viec thc hien phan tch phi tuyen hnh hoc (phan tch bien dang ln) can thiet hn so vi viec phan tch chuyen v hu han tuyen tnh hay phan tch P-delta. Hn na, phan tch giai oan thi cong se phan anh c anh hng cua lc va chuyen v trong giai oan thi cong trc o en giai oan thi cong tiep theo. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 54 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Trong phan nay, chung ta se tien hanh phan tch qua trnh thi cong ngc cho ket cau cau treo day vong vi mo hnh phan tch giai oan hoan thien a c lap trc ay. Cac giai oan thi cong ngc trnh bay trong hng dan bao gom cac giai oan thi cong nh hnh 56.

Hnh 56

Tao giao dien lam viec (Assign Working Environment )

Dung mo hnh phan tch gai oan hoan thien e tao mo hnh phan tch giai oan thi cong. Lu mo hnh dung phan tch giai oan hoan thien thanh mot tap tin mi vi ten khac. thc hien cac bc di ay: Goi lenh Save As. T th muc chnh (Main Menu) chon File > Save As. Sau khi thc

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 55

Hnh 57

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Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas hien tren man hnh se hien th giao dien nh hnh 57, Nhap ten cho tap tin Suspension Bridge Construction tai hop thoai File Name, Sau o nhan nut lenh Save. T mo hnh phan tch giai oan hoan thien co the chuyen thanh mo hnh dung phan tch giai oan thi cong bang cach them mot so cong viec di ay: Tao mo hnh: o nh ngha cac giai oan thi cong: nh ngha phan t, ieu kien bien va tai trong co lien quan en tng giai oan thi cong. o nh ngha nhom ket cau: xac nh nhom phan t c xet en hoac se loai bo ra khoi mo hnh trong tng giai oan thi cong. o nh ngha nhom ieu kien bien: xac nh nhom ieu kien bien lien quan en tng giai oan thi cong. o nh ngha nhom tai trong: xac nh nhom tai trong co lien quan en tng giai oan thi cong Phan tch tnh toan: o Phan tch phi tuyen hnh hoc o Phan tch giai oan thi cong. nh ngha ten cac giai oan thi cong: trong bc nay can nh ngha cac giai oan thi cong cho phan tch trang thai thi cong ngc. au tien, s dung hop hoi thoai Construction Stage e nh ngha ten cua tat ca cac giai oan thi cong. Sau o, nh ngha nhom phan t, nhom ieu kien bien va nhom tai trong co lien quan en tng giai oan thi cong va gan moi nhom cho giai oan thi cong tng ng. Trong hng dan, cau treo day vong c thi cong vi 8 giai oan. Viec nh ngha ten cua cac giai oan thi cong c thc hien theo cac bc sau: Goi lenh Define Construction Stage theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: T th muc chnh chon Load > Construction Stage Analysis Data > Define Construction Stage. o Cach 2: Chon Construction Stage Analysis Data > Define Construction Stage trong bang Menu cua cay th muc. o cach 3: Nhan bieu tng Define Construction Stage.

Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 58. o Nhan nut lenh Generate e chng trnh tao ong thi tat ca cac giai oan thi cong cong trnh. Tren man hnh se xuat hien giao dien nh hnh 58 o Nhap cac thong so cho giao dien tren hnh 58 1. Nhap ten chung cho cac giai oan thi cong tai dong Name cua phan Stage. Th du nhap ten CS cho mo hnh tnh toan. 2. Tai dong Suffix nhap so cho cac giai oan thi cong. Trong v du nhap 0 to 7 e xac nh qua trnh thi cong bao gom 8 giai oan. 3. Trong phan Save Result anh giau chon Stage e chng trnh lu cac gia tr tnh toan cho tng giai oan thi cong 4. Nhan nut OK trong giao dien tren hnh 58. Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 56 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas Sau khi hoan tat nh ngha cac giai oan thi cong, tren giao dien hnh 58 se xuat hien ten cac giai oan thi cong. Nhan nut Close e ket thuc nh ngha cac giai oan thi cong cho ket cau cau treo day vong.

Hnh 58

Khai bao nhom ket cau: Gan cac phan t co lien quan en tng giai oan thi cong vao cac nhom ket cau. Trc tien can nh ngha ten cua tng nhom ket cau, sau o gan cac phan t co lien quan. Thc hien khai bao ten cac nhom ket cau theo cac bc di ay: Goi lenh Define Structure Group theo mot trong ba cach nh sau: o Cach 1: t Menu chnh chon Model > Group > Define Structure Group. o cach 2: chon Geometry > Group > Define Structure Group trong bang Menu cua cay th muc. o Cach 3: s dung phm tat [Ctrl]+[F1] Nhap d lieu cho giao dien tren hnh 59. o Nhap ten chung cho cac nhom ket cau la S_G tai dong Name. o Nhap 0 2 to 7 tai dong Suffix e nh ngha 8 nhom ket cau. o Nhan nut lenh Add e chng trnh tao ten cho cac nhom ket cau. Sau khi nhan nut Add th tren giao dien hnh 59 se xuat hien ten cac nhom ket cau t S_G0 en S_G7. Nhan nut lenh Close Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! Hnh 59 57 Trang

Hng dan phan tch cau treo day vong bang phan mem Midas e ket thuc viec nh ngha cac nhom ket cau cho mo hnh. Gan cac phan t lien quan en tng nhom ket cau. o Tai giai oan CS0 (giai oan hoan thien Giai oan cuoi cung) va giai oan CS1 (giai oan va lap cac ot dam chu - dam chu lien ket dang khp) tat ca cac phan t co lien quan eu a c xac nh, ch co ieu kien bien se thay oi. Chnh v vay, giai oan thi cong c nh ngha ng vi nhom ket cau S_G0. Thc hien gan phan t cho giai oan S_G0 nh sau: Select All e chon toan bo phan t cua mo hnh 1. Nhap bieu tng 2. Tai bang Group cua cay th muc chon Group> Structure Group > S_G0 3. T h c h i e n v i e c k e Hnh 60 o tha nh hnh 60 e gan tat ca cac phan t cho nhom ket cau S_G0 o Gan phan t cho nhom ket cau S_G2

Con chim non tren canh cay, hot veo vonhot veo von! 58

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