Adsorption of cobalt from solutions

. 53050076
.
53050129
53050253
. 53050450
. 53050612

Selected Topics in Chemical

Engineering I 532488 1 2556

1. Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cobalt adsorption on apricot stone
activated carbon
2. Cobalt (II) removal from aqueous solutions by natural hemp fibers:

4-7
8

Batch and fixed-bed column studies

3. Adsorption of cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solutions by palygorskite

11

4. Rapid removal of cobalt ion from aqueous solutions by almond green hull
5. Magnesium hydroxide with higher adsorption capacity for effective

13

removal of Co (II) from aqueous solutions

6. Kinetics of adsorption of Co(II) removal from water and wastewater

16

by ion exchange resins

7. Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal

20

of cobalt (II) from aqueous phase

8. Determination of kinetic and equilibrium parameters of the batch adsorption

25

of Co(II), Cr(III) and Ni(II) onto coir pith

9. Adsorptive removal of cobalt from aqueous solution by utilizing lemon

28

peel as biosorbent
10. Removal of Co2+ ions from aqueous solutions using iron-functionalized

31

sepiolite
11. Removal of copper and cobalt from aqueous solution onto waste

33

containing boron impurity

12. Removal of Co(II) from aqueous solutions by NKC-9 strong acid resin

37

13. Adsorption of Co2+ by Oxides from Aqueous Solution

14. Adsorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) ions from aqueous

40

solution by methacrylic acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted

poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber
15. Adsorption of Co radionuclides from aqueous solution by raw and

42

modified bentonite
16. Kinetic and equilibrium modelling of cobalt(II) adsorption onto

45

bagasse pith based sulphurised activated carbon

17. Recovery of nickel and cobalt from organic acid complexes:

53

Adsorption mechanisms of metal-organic complexes onto

aminophosphonate chelating resin
18. Kinetic and thermodynamic study of Cd(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)

54

adsorption from aqueous solution by NiO

19. Enhanced D-hydantoinase activity performance via immobilized
cobalt ion affinity membrane and its kinetic study
20. Adsorption of cobalt(II) from aqueous solution onto
hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite

54
57
59

2 g dm3

(
),
, , , ,
12,




( )


(flocculation and precipitation), (filtration),
(ion exchange), (disinfection) (adsorption)
2

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cobalt adsorption on apricot stone activated carbon
M. Abbas, S. Kaddour, M. Trari
Kinetic equilibrium apricot stone activated carbon
Activated carbon Apricot Co (II)
Co (II)
pH kinetic models Pseudo-second-order
kinetic model Adsorption isotherm Freundlich model
111.11 mg/g pH 9
Apricot 20,000
Apricot
Activated carbon
(Adsorption Kinetic)
Kinetic
Kinetic models 2
Pseudo-first-order Pseudo-second-order Pseudo-first-order
Pseudo-firstorder Pseudo-second-order
Co (II) ASAC
(Chemisorptions)

Adsorptions Isotherms
Adsorption Isotherms Langmuir
Freundlich adsorption model r2
RMSE SSE Freundlich Langmuir

Effect of pH
pH
Co2 +
pH

Effect of ASAC size

(200-315) .
Co2

Effect of contact time and initial concentration

Co2 20
Co2

Cobalt (II) removal from aqueous solutions by natural hemp fibers: Batch and fixed-bed column
studies
Lavinia Tofana, Carmen Teodosiua, Carmen Padurarua, RodicaWenkertb

Co (II)

( ) ()




Co (II)
7.5-7.8 mg /g pH 4.5-5 Co (II)
pseudo-second order model isotherm model Langmuir
Freundlich
Co (II )

(Adsorption Kinetic)
Co(II)
pseudo-first order pseudo-second order kinetic models
r2 Co (II)
pseudo-second order model chemisorptions

Adsorptions Isotherms

10

Isotherms

Langmuir Freundlich
R2 Langmuir Co (II)
Freundlich

Effect of the initial pH

pH 1-5 Co(II) pH = 1
(1.25mg / g) pH = 5 (7.5 7.8mg / g) pH 4.5-5

Effect of the contact time

11

Co (II)

Adsorption of cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solutions by palygorskite

12

Miaoying He, Yi Zhu, Yang Yang, Boping Han, Yuanming Zhang

Co (II) Palygorskite
Palygorskite
Co (II) Co (II)
pseudo-second-order Langmuir
Co (II) 8.88 mg/g 35 C. Palygorskite
regenerate inorganic salts Alkalies
(NaHCO3, NaOH, Na2CO3) Regenerated Palygorskite Co2 +
Palygorskite hydrated magnesium Aluminium Silicate
(Wu et al. 2007)
Palygorskite
(Adsorption Kinetic)
Co2 Palygorskite 3
Physical sorption
Chemisorption
Co2 Palygorskite
Chemisorption (Wang et al. 2005a, 2005b, 2007)
Kinetic models Pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-secondorder Intraparticle diffusion r2 Kinetic models Pseudosecond-order

13

Adsorption Isotherms
Langmuir Freundlich
r2 Langmuir
Palygorskite Homogeneous sites Langmuir adsorption
isotherm Homogeneous sites (Bekta et al. 2004)
Co2 Palygorskite
Endothermic ()

Effects of pH
pH pH
2.5-4.5 pH 4.5 - 8.5

14

Rapid removal of cobalt ion from aqueous solutions by almond green hull
A. Ahmadpour, M. Tahmasbi, T. Rohani Bastami, J. Amel Besharati
Almond green hull
Almond green hull , Co(II)
Co (II)


Co (II )
1 Co (II) almond green hull Pseudo
second-order Adsorption isotherms Langmuir Freundlich adsorption
models Langmuir Freundlich
45.5 mg g1 Almond green hull

(Adsorption Kinetic)
kinetic models
Pseudo-first-order Pseudo-second-order
Pseudo-first-order
Pseudo-second-order r2
1 qe
Pseudo-second-order kinetic model

15

Adsorption Isotherms
Langmuir Freundlich
Sorption Isotherms (25 C) 24.5-134 mg l-1 r2
Langmuir Freundlich

16

Effect of contact time

Co(II)
3
Co (II)
Co (II) almond green hull

Effect of mesh size

Co (II)

17

Magnesium hydroxide with higher adsorption capacity for effective removal of Co (II) from
aqueous solutions
Xiaojun Guo*, Juan Lu, Li Zhang
Co (II)

Co (II) pH,
, ,
pseudo second-order model Langmuir isotherm
Co (II) 125.00 mg / g 318 K.
Co (II)

(Adsorption Kinetic)

Pseudo-first-order
model pseudo second-order model

18

, qcal pseudo-first-order model

, qexp r2
pseudo-first-order model
pseudo second-order model
Chi-square

pseudo

second-order

model

Adsorption Isotherms

Langmuir isotherm Freundlich isotherm

r2 Langmuir

19

Effects of contact time

Co(II)
15

20

Effects of pH
pH pH 1-6.3
3 Co (II) pH 1-3
pH 3-6.3

Effects of resin dosage

21

Co
(II)

Kinetics of adsorption of Co(II) removal from water and wastewater by ion exchange resins
S. Rengaraj, Seung-Hyeon
Co (II)
ion exchange resins, IRN77 SKN1
pH
contact time
Langmuir Freundlich adsorption
isotherms (2)
ion exchange resins
cat ion
exchange resins

Ion exchange resin

(Net charge)

22

(ionic force
electrostatic force)

(ion exchanger)
(cellulose) (agarose) (polyamine)
(acrylic) (porosity)
Ion exchange resin

( pH)
(neutral)

IRN77 and SKN1 ion-exchange resins

(Adsorption Kinetic)
Residence time


(reversible first-order kinematic
)

23

Adsorption isotherm
Adsorption
isotherm Langmuir model Freundlich model Langmuir
IRN77 SKN1

24

Effects of pH
resins pH 2-8 1
pH
pH 8.5 pH

resins IRN77 SKN1 pH 8

Co(OH)2 pH 5.3

25

Effects of resin dosage

2 resin IRN77
SKN1 pH 5.3 resin varied 0.025-0.600 g
24 100 mg dm-3
100 ml resin IRN77 SKN1 150 mg


(
resin ) resin


Adsorption sites

26

Effects of contact time

4 2
resins 100 mg dm-3 monotonously

monolayer

27

Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal of cobalt (II) from aqueous
phase
D.M. Manohar, B.F. Noeline, T.S. Anirudhan
Aluminium-pillared bentonite clay (II)

cobalt(II) Aluminium-pillared bentonite clay (Al-PILC)

Betonite 90% Al-PILC
pH
6.0-8.0 99.8% 87.0% pH 6.0
10.0 25.0 mg/l Adsorption kinetics Intraparticle
mass transfer diffusion model Freundich isotherm
Adsorption isotherm
Isotherm 3 Langmuir, Scatchard Freundich
Freundich isotherm
R 2 Freundlich 0.99
1/n1
10500mg/l pH6.0 Freundlich

28

Effect of Temperature
BL

Di

Effect of adsorbent dose

Al-PILC Na-bentonite Na-bentonite
300mg Al-PILC 10mg

29

Effect of contact time and initial concentration

Effect of pH
pH pH
6.0-8.0 Co (II)
pH

30

Determination of kinetic and equilibrium parameters of the batch adsorption of Co(II), Cr(III) and
Ni(II) onto coir pith
Harshala Parab, Shreeram Joshi, Niyoti Shenoy, Arvind Lali,U.S. Sarma, M. Sudersanan,*
Co (II), Cr (III)
Ni (II)
Co (II), Cr (III)
Ni (II)

pH ,
pH pH= 4.3
pH=3.3 pH= 5.3 Co (II), Cr (III) Ni (II)
pseudo second-order
Langmuir
Freundlich Langmuir
3
12.82 mg/g , 11.56 mg/g 15.95 mg/g cobalt, chromium nickel

31

3



(Adsorption Kinetic)



pseudo-first-order kinetic models pseudo second-order kinetic models
qe pseudo-firstorder kinetic models

pseudo second-order kinetic models 3
2
pseudo second-order kinetic models 1 qe

second-order kinetic model

Adsorption Isotherms

32

Langmuir Isotherms Freundlich Isotherms

Langmuir model Freundlich model

Co (II), Cr
(III) Ni (II) pH
pseudosecond-order kinetics obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm 3
pH

33

Adsorptive removal of cobalt from aqueous solution by utilizing lemon peel as biosorbent
Amit Bhatnagar, A.K. Minochaa, Mika Sillanpaab



22 mg/g kinetic model 3 pseudo-first-order, pseudosecond-order pseudo-second-order adsorption Isothermal 2 Freundlich model
Langmuir medel Langmuir medal

34

(Adsorption Kinetic)
R 2 Pseudo-second-order kinetic 0.99 Pseudo-second-order kinetic

Adsorption Isothermal
Adsorption Isotherms Langmuir adsorption model

35

Effect of temperature
R 2 45 25

Effect of contact time

2 10

Kinetics of adsorption of Co(II) removal from water and wastewater by ion exchange resins
S. Rengaraj, Seung-Hyeon Moon
Co2 + iron-functionalized sepiolite

36

Iron-functionalized sepiolite (2+)

Batch Method
pH
Langmuir isotherm
pseudo-second order kinetic iron-sepiolite
sepiolite

(Adsorption Kinetic)
Contact time Co2+ Fe-SEP Mg2+

400 Pseudo equilibrium
Active site
Fe-SEP
Active site

Kinetic model 3

37

1. pseudo-first-order equation proposed by Lagergren

2. the pseudo-second-order kinetic model proposed by Ho and G. McKay
3. the intraparticle diffusion model proposed by Weber and Morris

pseudo-second-order kinetic model Assume rate-limiting step

Fe-SEP
Mg2+ sepiolite
Co2+
Adsorptions Isotherms
The sorption isotherm = qe (mmol Co2+ g-1) Fe-sepiolite = Ce
Mg2+ Fe-SEP
Mg2+ Mg2+ Mg2+
Fe-SEP (0.008 mmol g-1)
Mg2+ Mg2+
Co2+ sorbed Mg2+
sepiolite Co2+

38

(The equilibrium sorption)

Langmuir , Freundlich, DubininKaganerRadushkevich (DKR) models
Langmuir isotherm R2
0.99 qm qe-ce
Fe-SEP
0.413 mmol Co2+ (g FeSEP)1 Langmuir
isotherm monolayer Co2+ Fe-SEP
Active sites Fe-SEP

Effect of initial pH
pH pH
M2+ Fig.8
Fe-sepiolite
0.35 mmol Co2+ (g FeSEP)1 pH
4-7.5

39

Removal of copper and cobalt from aqueous solution onto waste containing boron impurity
A. Olgun, N. Atar

Cu (II)
Co (II)

40

, pH ,
, Langmuir isotherm
pseudo second-order
model , k2 7.3510-4 1.08 10-3 g mg-1 min-1 6.1010-4 9.54 10-4 g mg-1 min-1

enthalpy, Gibbs free energy entropy

(Adsorption Kinetic)
BW 150 mg L-1
10-180 25, 35, 45, 55 C. first order models
pseudo econd-order models

Adsorptions Isotherms
Freundlich Isotherms Langmuir Isotherms
(r2)

Langmuir

Freundlich

0.99

0 1

Isotherms model
RL

150
RL

isotherm

mg

L-1

BW

41

( 6 7) Isotherms Cu
Co BW
Cu Co


pH

pH
BW

Effect of adsorbent dose

42

Cu (II)
Co(II) BW (1-8 L-1) fixe pH
150 mg L-1
BW 0.1-2
BW

2 g L-1 ( 1)
BW

43

Adsorption of cobalt(II) from aqueous solution onto hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite

Neha Gupta, Atul K. Kushwaha and M.C. Chattopadhyaya
Hydroxyapatite/Zeolite (HApZ) composite precipitation method

scanning electron microscope (SEM) Fourier transform
infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy HApZ (63%)
Hap (58%) zeolite (47%) pH
Contact time
pseudo-second order kinetic model
Langmuir Freundlich isotherm model
Effect of initial pH
pH pH 6
pH 6 pH 6

2 g/L
adsorption sites

2g/L
(Adsorption Kinetic)
HApZ composite
kinetics models: Lagergren's pseudo-first order McKay and Hos pseudo-second order
models

44

Adsorptions Isotherms
Langmuir Freundlish
Langmuir isotherm monolayer chemisorptions Freundlich isotherm
heterogeneous energy distribution

45

Removal of Co(II) from aqueous solutions by NKC-9 strong acid resin

XIONG Chun-hua, FENG yu-jie, YAO Cai-ping, SHEN Chen
Co (II) NKC-9 strong acid resin
NKC-9

batch isothermal Langmuir model R 2 1 adsorption kinetic
Thomas model (NKC-9) 361.0 mg/g
0.5 mol/L
(Adsorption Kinetic)
R 2 NCK-9 0.9919
Thomas model

46

Adsorption isotherm

Langmuir isotherm

Effect of temperature

R2

Effect of contact time

11

47

Effect of pH
pH 1-4 pH 4

48

Adsorption of Co2+ by Oxides from Aqueous Solution

P. H. TEWARI ,A . B. CAMPBELLA, ND WOONL EE
Fe304, A103 MnO2
, pH
pH 5-7.5 pH
log /(1) pH pH 5-7.5 adsorption site
0.1 M Ba+ Mg 2+

Langmuir isotherm 10-6 -10-3
M endothermic
30-100 C
Adsorption isotherm
Adsorption isotherm Langmuir model
c/w c M
M Al2O3
MnO2 pH = 6 6.6x10^-4 4.2x10^-2 g/cm2
Fe3O4 pH = 6.5 M = 3.7x 10^-2 g/cm2

49

Effect of temperature
Endothermic 25 55 C
Effects of pH
MnO2 pH
MnO2 pH 5-8 pH 8

50

Adsorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solution by methacrylic
acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber
Ramazan Coskun a, Cengiz Soykan a, Mehmet Sacakb
(II), (II) (II) methacrylic
acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber
copper, nickel cobalt methacrylic acid/acrylamide monomer
mixture grafted poly (ethylene terephthalate) fiber fiber
Fourier
transform infrared (FTIR) thermo gravimetric
graft yield, pH, ,
Adsorption isotherm Langmuir
fiber 31.23 mg/g copper, 43.48mg/g Ni
27.17mg/g
Adsorption isothermal
Langmuir isotherm
fiber 31.23 mg/g
copper, 43.48mg/g Ni 27.17mg/g

51

Effect of pH
pH
pH 3-5

Effect of initial concentration

52

Effect of temperature
25-60

53

Adsorption of Co radionuclides from aqueous solution by raw and modified bentonite

Hoda Omar , Hassan Arida , Abdelhakium Daifullah
Co (2) bentonite

54

300 m.
pH
double-distill
water Co (2) pH
( 35

) 1 mol/L HCl

( Kinetic ) Co (2) bentonite MF- bentonite

0.05 g. ( 25

) 20 ml

mol/L 250 rpm. (thermostatic

shaker ) (2 ml.)

5000 rpm. MLW 5

(1 ml)

NaI multichannel analyzer Giene 2000
(Adsorption Kinetic)
Kinetic
2 pseudo first-order pseudo second-order
kinetic model pseudo second-order kinetic

55

Adsorption isothermal
25, 35 45
10 ml.
bentonite
2
(

, mmol/g. )

triplicates

12

Effect of pH
Co 2+ pH 8-10
Co 2+ hydrolysis pH=8 ,
( )
Co 2+ Co 2+ pH 10
pH 7
bentonite

56

Effect of shaking time

1
79.2 91.2 MF-bentonite 15 62.6 bentonite ( 4 ) 2

57

Kinetic and equilibrium modelling of cobalt(II) adsorption onto bagasse pith based sulphurised
activated carbon
K. Anoop Krishnan ,T.S. Anirudhan
Kinetic

Adsorption isothermal
Isotherm Langmuir Fruendlich
(50-1000 mg

(endothermic) isotherm model

1 SAC

Langmuir model

58

Recovery of nickel and cobalt from organic acid complexes: Adsorption mechanisms of metalorganic complexes onto aminophosphonate chelating resin
A. Deepatana, M. Valix

aminophosphonate Purolite S950 bioleaching
nickel laterite , commercial nickel cobalt mineral oxide heterotrophic organism metabolites
Ni Co
(15-2000 . / ), pH (0.01 0.1 M ) metabolic 3
(citrate, Malate ) Ni- Co-complexes
Purolite 16-18 5.4-9 mg/g of resin

crowding steric
H +
fitted
Langmuir and Freundlich models, steric

bioleaching
Adsorption isothermal

59

Langmuir Freundlich
Langmuir

Kinetic and thermodynamic study of Cd(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) adsorption from aqueous solution by
NiO
T. Mahmood, M.T. Saddique, A. Naeem, S. Mustafa, N. Zeb, K.H. Shah, M. Waseem
Kinetic
Kinetic NiO Cd(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)
303-323 K blank ( NiO )
pH=7.50 pH 7.5

60

(Adsorption Kinetic)
,
Kinetic Model ,
Pseudo First Order Pseudo Second Order Kinetic
pseudo first order
( )

61

Enhanced D-hydantoinase activity performance via immobilized cobalt ion affinity membrane and
its kinetic study
Yi-Miao Ko, Chih-I Chen, Chia-Chi Lin, Shu-Chen Kan, Chi-Zong Zang
D-hydantoinase

62

(IMAMs)
(RC membrane) chelated
Co+2,Ni+2,Cu+2 Zn+2 D-Hydantoin-hydrolyzing (DHTase) poly-His
IMAMs
-

Langmuir equation fit
loading proteins
2 IMAM KL gm (0.9
ml/mg,2.17 10-3 ml/mg) DHTase Co-IMAM
IMAM DHTase


Co-IMAM

DHTase

Michaelis-Menten IDM IDM

(HDT) 5-40 mM

63

Michaelis-Menten (Km) (Vmax) LineweaverBurk plots

3 Km, appfor IMAM (Km,
App

= 37.91 mm. )

DHTase metalprotein

,,
metalloenzyme

DHTase (metalloenzyme)
IMAM

DHTase Co-IMAM
DHTase
Vmax (Vmax = 26.15 U/mg protein)
DHTase CoIMAM DHTase

64

20
Adsorption
(Adsorption Kinetic) Pseudo-first-order Pseudosecond-order (Adsorption isotherm)
Langmuir Freundlich adsorption model


(Kinetic modeling)
(potential rate controlling steps)


2 pseudo first order
pseudo second order 2
(pseudo-chemical re - action)



pseudo first order
log(qe- qt) = log qe- (k1t/2.303)
qe qt =
t =
k1 =
pseudo second order

65

t/ qt = (1/k2 qe2) + (t/ qe)

qe qt =
t =
k1 = pseudo second order model
h =
(Adsorption isotherm)

1. (Langmuir isotherm)
..1916 (Irving Langmuir)

1) (monolayer adsorption)
2)
3)





qe = qm kLCe / (1+kLCe)
qe =

66

Ce =
qm =
kL =

Ce/qe = 1/kLqm + Ce/qm

Ce/qe Ce Ce/qe 1/kLqm

1/qm
2. (Freundlich isotherm)
.. 1880-1941 - Herbert Max Finlay Freundlich

qe = X/m = Kf Ce 1/n
Ce =
X/m =
Kf n =
(logarithm)
log qe = log X/m = log Kf + (1/n) log Ce
log X/m log Ce
Kf 1/n
log X/m log Ce

67

(Adsorption Kinetic)

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cobalt adsorption on apricot stone

pseudo second order
activated carbon
Cobalt (II) removal from aqueous solutions by natural hemp fibers:
pseudo second order
Batch and fixed-bed column studies
Adsorption of cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solutions by palygorskite pseudo second order
Rapid removal of cobalt ion from aqueous solutions by almond green hull
pseudo second order
(2009)
Magnesium hydroxide with higher adsorption capacity for effective
pseudo second order
removal of Co (II) from aqueous solutions
Kinetics of adsorption of Co(II) removal from water and wastewater
reversible first-order
by ion exchange resins
Adsorption performance of Al-pillared bentonite clay for the removal
pseudo second order
of cobalt (II) from aqueous phase
Determination of kinetic and equilibrium parameters of the batch
pseudo second order
adsorption of Co(II), Cr(III) and Ni(II) onto coir pith
Adsorptive removal of cobalt from aqueous solution by utilizing lemon
pseudo second order
peel as biosorbent
Removal of Co2+ ions from aqueous solutions using iron-functionalized
pseudo second order
Sepiolite
Removal of copper and cobalt from aqueous solution onto waste
pseudo second order
containing boron impurity

(Adsorption
isotherm)
Freundlich isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Freundlich isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Freundlich isotherm ,
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm

68

Removal of Co(II) from aqueous solutions by NKC-9 strong acid resin

Adsorption of Co2+ by Oxides from Aqueous Solution
Adsorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) ions from aqueous
solution by methacrylic acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted
poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber
Adsorption of Co radionuclides from aqueous solution by raw and
modified bentonite
Kinetic and equilibrium modelling of cobalt(II) adsorption onto
bagasse pith based sulphurised activated carbon
Recovery of nickel and cobalt from organic acid complexes:
Adsorption mechanisms of metal-organic complexes onto
aminophosphonate chelating resin
Kinetic and thermodynamic study of Cd(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)
adsorption from aqueous solution by NiO
Enhanced D-hydantoinase activity performance via immobilized
cobalt ion affinity membrane and its kinetic study
Adsorption of cobalt(II) from aqueous solution onto
hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite

Thomas model
-

Langmuir isotherm
Langmuir isotherm

Langmuir isotherm

pseudo second order

Langmuir isotherm

Langmuir isotherm

Langmuir isotherm

pseudo first order

Langmuir isotherm

pseudo second order

Freundlich isotherm

Pseudo second order
Langmuir isotherm

69

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