function [gamma, Fu_bar, Fv_bar, Fw_bar]=VortexStrength(panel,phi)

% Implement Vortex Lattice Method

%Input: panel geometry
%Output vortex strength (gamma)
%Influence coefficients (Fx_bar)
ns = size(panel,1);
nc = size(panel,2);
%Preallocate memory for large variables where first dimension points to controls
points; second dimension points to horseshoe vortices;
% third dimension points to three dimensional coordinates
r0 = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
r1 = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
r2 = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
omega_bound = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
omega_a_inf = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
omega_b_inf = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc,3);
Fu = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc);
Fv = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc);
Fw = zeros(ns*nc,2*ns*nc);
%Determine influence coefficients
%Iterate through all control points
for i = 1:ns
for j = 1:nc
n=(j-1)*ns+i;
%Iterate through all bound vortices
for k = 1:ns
for p=1:nc
m=(p-1)*ns+k;
%Code derived from Bertin, Aerodynamics for Engineers, ed.
%4, pg 263-266
r0(n,m,:)=panel(k,p).BV2-panel(k,p).BV1;
r1(n,m,:)=panel(i,j).CP-panel(k,p).BV1;
r2(n,m,:)=panel(i,j).CP-panel(k,p).BV2;
Fac1=shiftdim(cross(r1(n,m,:),r2(n,m,:)))/(norm(shiftdim(cross(r
1(n,m,:),r2(n,m,:)))))^2;
Fac2=dot(r0(n,m,:),(r1(n,m,:)/norm(shiftdim(r1(n,m,:)))))-dot(r0
(n,m,:),(r2(n,m,:)/norm(shiftdim(r2(n,m,:)))));
Fac1a(1,1)=0;
Fac1a(1,2)=(panel(i,j).CP(3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))/((panel(i,j).CP(
3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))^2+(panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac1a(1,3)=(panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))/((panel(i,j).CP(
3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))^2+(panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac2a=-1+((panel(i,j).CP(1)-panel(k,p).BV1(1))/norm(shiftdim(r1(
n,m,:)))); %'-1' due to change in axes
Fac1b(1,1)=0;
Fac1b(1,2)=-(panel(i,j).CP(3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))/((panel(i,j).CP
(3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))^2+(panel(k,p).BV2(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac1b(1,3)=-(panel(k,p).BV2(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))/((panel(i,j).CP
(3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))^2+(panel(k,p).BV2(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac2b=(-1+((panel(i,j).CP(1)-panel(k,p).BV2(1))/norm(shiftdim(r2
(n,m,:)))));
omega_bound(n,m,:)=Fac1*Fac2;

omega_a_inf(n,m,:)=Fac1a*Fac2a;
omega_b_inf(n,m,:)=Fac1b*Fac2b;
Fu(n,m)=omega_bound(n,m,1)+omega_a_inf(n,m,1)+omega_b_inf(n,m,1)
;
Fv(n,m)=omega_bound(n,m,2)+omega_a_inf(n,m,2)+omega_b_inf(n,m,2)
;
Fw(n,m)=omega_bound(n,m,3)+omega_a_inf(n,m,3)+omega_b_inf(n,m,3)
;
%Performing identical operations on opposite wing
r0(n,m+ns*nc,:)=[panel(k,p).BV1(1) -panel(k,p).BV1(2) panel(k,p)
.BV1(3)]'-[panel(k,p).BV2(1) -panel(k,p).BV2(2) panel(k,p).BV2(3)]';
r1(n,m+ns*nc,:)=panel(i,j).CP-[panel(k,p).BV2(1) -panel(k,p).BV2
(2) panel(k,p).BV2(3)]';
r2(n,m+ns*nc,:)=panel(i,j).CP-[panel(k,p).BV1(1) -panel(k,p).BV1
(2) panel(k,p).BV1(3)]';
Fac1=shiftdim(cross(r1(n,m+ns*nc,:),r2(n,m+ns*nc,:)))/(norm(shif
tdim(cross(r1(n,m+ns*nc,:),r2(n,m+ns*nc,:)))))^2;
Fac2=dot(r0(n,m+ns*nc,:),(r1(n,m+ns*nc,:)/norm(shiftdim(r1(n,m+n
s*nc,:)))))-dot(r0(n,m+ns*nc,:),(r2(n,m+ns*nc,:)/norm(shiftdim(r2(n,m+ns*nc,:)))
));
Fac1a(1,1)=0;
Fac1a(1,2)=(panel(i,j).CP(3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))/((panel(i,j).CP(
3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))^2+(-panel(k,p).BV(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac1a(1,3)=(-panel(k,p).BV2(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))/((panel(i,j).CP
(3)-panel(k,p).BV2(3))^2+(-panel(k,p).BV2(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac2a=-1+((panel(i,j).CP(1)-panel(k,p).BV2(1))/norm(shiftdim(r1(
n,m+ns*nc,:))));
Fac1b(1,1)=0;
Fac1b(1,2)=-(panel(i,j).CP(3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))/((panel(i,j).CP
(3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))^2+(-panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac1b(1,3)=-(-panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))/((panel(i,j).C
P(3)-panel(k,p).BV1(3))^2+(-panel(k,p).BV1(2)-panel(i,j).CP(2))^2);
Fac2b=(-1+((panel(i,j).CP(1)-panel(k,p).BV1(1))/norm(shiftdim(r2
(n,m+ns*nc,:)))));
omega_bound(n,m+ns*nc,:)=Fac1*Fac2;
omega_a_inf(n,m+ns*nc,:)=Fac1a*Fac2a;
omega_b_inf(n,m+ns*nc,:)=Fac1b*Fac2b;
Fu(n,m+ns*nc)=omega_bound(n,m+ns*nc,1)+omega_a_inf(n,m+ns*nc,1)+
omega_b_inf(n,m+ns*nc,1);
Fv(n,m+ns*nc)=omega_bound(n,m+ns*nc,2)+omega_a_inf(n,m+ns*nc,2)+
omega_b_inf(n,m+ns*nc,2);
Fw(n,m+ns*nc)=omega_bound(n,m+ns*nc,3)+omega_a_inf(n,m+ns*nc,3)+
omega_b_inf(n,m+ns*nc,3);

%
%
%
%
%
%
%

%Code derived from NASA TN D-6142 (Vortex Lattice Fortran

%program for estimating subsonic aerodynamic
%characteristics of complex planforms
x=-panel(i,j).CPprime+panel(k,p).BVprime;
y=-panel(i,j).CP(2)+panel(k,p).BV(2);
z=-panel(i,j).CP(3)+panel(k,p).BV(3);
s=panel(i,j).s;
psi=panel(i,j).sweepprime;
Fw(n,m)=((y*tan(psi)-x)*cos(phi))...
/(x^2+(y*sin(phi))^2+cos(phi)^2*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(ps

i)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(phi)*sin(phi)*(y+x*tan(psi)))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))...
%
/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(
phi))^2)...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))...
%
/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(
phi))^2))...
%
-(y-s*cos(phi))/((y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2)...
%
*(1-(x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2
+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
+(y+s*cos(phi))/((y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2)...
%
*(1-(x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2
+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2));
%
Fv(n,m)=(x*sin(phi)-z*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/(x^2+(y*sin(phi))^2+c
os(phi)^2*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(psi)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(phi)*sin(phi)*(
y+x*tan(psi))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi)
)^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))
^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-(z-s*cos(phi))/((y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2)*(1-(xs*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(ph
i))^2))...
%
+(z+s*cos(phi))/((y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2)*(1-(x+
s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(ph
i))^2));
%
Fu(n,m)=(z*cos(phi)-y*sin(phi))/(x^2+(y*sin(phi))^2+cos(phi)^2
*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(psi)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(phi)*sin(phi)*(y+x*tan(p
si))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi)
)^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))
^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2));
%
%
%Determining influence coefficients from symmetric wing and
%
%adding that to the original wing to "fold" influence
%
%matrices and create F_bar
%
y=y+2*panel(k,p).BV(2);
%
Fw(n,m+ns*nc)=((y*tan(psi)-x)*cos(phi))/(x^2+(y*sin(phi))^2+co
s(phi)^2*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(psi)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(phi)*sin(phi)*(y
+x*tan(psi)))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))...
%
/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(
phi))^2)...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))...
%
/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(
phi))^2))...
%
-(y-s*cos(phi))/((y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2)...
%
*(1-(x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2
+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
+(y+s*cos(phi))/((y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2)...
%
*(1-(x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2

+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2));
%
Fv(n,m+ns*nc)=(x*sin(phi)-z*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/(x^2+(y*sin(phi
))^2+cos(phi)^2*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(psi)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(psi)*sin(
psi)*(y+x*tan(psi))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi)
)^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))
^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-(z-s*cos(phi))/((y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2)*(1-(xs*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))^2+(z-s*sin(ph
i))^2))...
%
+(z+s*cos(phi))/((y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2)*(1-(x+
s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi))^2+(z+s*sin(ph
i))^2));
%
Fu(n,m+ns*nc)=(z*cos(phi)-y*sin(phi))/(x^2+(y*sin(phi))^2+cos(
phi)^2*(y^2*tan(psi)^2+z^2*sec(psi)^2-2*y*x*tan(psi))-2*z*cos(psi)*sin(psi)*(y+x
*tan(psi))...
%
*(((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y+s*cos(phi)
)*cos(phi)+(z+s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x+s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y+s*cos(phi)
)^2+(z+s*sin(phi))^2))...
%
-((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))*cos(phi)*tan(psi)+(y-s*cos(phi))
*cos(phi)+(z-s*sin(phi))*sin(phi))/sqrt((x-s*cos(phi)*tan(psi))^2+(y-s*cos(phi))
^2+(z-s*sin(phi))^2));
end
end
end
end
% [panel.CP]
% [panel.BV1]
% [panel.BV2]
% r0
% r1
% r2
% omega_bound
% omega_a_inf
% omega_b_inf
% Fv
% Fw
Fu_bar=Fu(:,1:ns*nc)+Fu(:,ns*nc+1:2*ns*nc);
Fv_bar=Fv(:,1:ns*nc)+Fv(:,ns*nc+1:2*ns*nc);
Fw_bar=Fw(:,1:ns*nc)+Fw(:,ns*nc+1:2*ns*nc);
%Determine vortex strength using boundary conditions considering just twist and
camber
c=inv(Fw_bar-Fv_bar*tan(phi))*4*pi*sin([panel.twist]'-[panel.dzdx]'); %Eqn 16 i
n NASA paper and removing small angle assumption on alpha
%Determine vortex strength using boundary conditions where alpha = 1 rad
alpha=4*pi*inv(Fw_bar-Fv_bar*tan(phi))*sin(ones(ns*nc,1)); %Eqn 16 in NASA pape
r and removing small angle assumption on alpha
for i = 1:ns
for j = 1:nc
k=(j-1)*ns+i;
gamma(i,j).c=c(k);
gamma(i,j).alpha=alpha(k);
end
end