Sculptures are three dimensional because they have height, width and depth. History A.

Some forms of sculptures Caves in Angono, Rizal (3000 BCE)- a low relief engraving of human and animal figures was seen believed to be the oldest known art work in the Philippines In a burial site in Calatagan, Batangas- a stone figure made from brain corals called likha palapat. This is an early sample of stone carving in the country. The Manunggul jar in Palawan secondary burial jar which contains the bones of the person who had long been buried kept for safekeeping. Bul-ol in the Cordilleras- The bul-ol is a wooden figure of a god that serves as guardian to rice granaries and pathways. The sarimanok by the Maranaos- a mythical bird with a fish in its beak symbolizing power and social status B. sculpture in the modern times Carving of santos retablo or the church altars works of Napoleon Abueva, Guillermo Tolentino(father of Phil Arts),etc Classifications: Closed space sculptures have confining, inward forms, demanding little of the surrounding area. Open space sculptures are expanding and interacting actively with the surrounding surface. Types of sculptures: 1. Relief sculptures-attached to a flat surface and designed to be viewed frontally. Low relief/bas relief-forms project slightly from the surface High relief-forms extend out into space. 2. Sculpture in the round-can be viewed from any angle. 3. Frontal sculptures-freestanding sculptures meant to be viewed only from the front usually placed against a wall. 4. Kinetic sculptures-sculptures that move. Movement may be caused by wind, water, electric motors or manipulation. Tools and materials for sculpture 1. Clay, wood, stone, metal 2. Carving knives, hammer, chisel, welding torch, grinder 3. Binding, sanding and polishing materials Techniques of sculpture 1. Carving-shapes are made by cutting away parts of the original block of wood and stone, and other materials 2. Modeling-process of adding, rather than taking away. 3. Casting- process of creating a form, by pouring a liquid material into a plaster mold allowing it to set, washed clean and then removing the mold 4. Assembling(construction)-process where the artist joins together materials to take a new form