Content Area: Mathemat|cs - A|gebra Grade Leve|: 8-10 CA Content Standard(s)]Common Core Standard(s): uant|t|es keason quant|tat|ve|y and use un|ts to so|ve prob|ems. 1. use unlLs as a way Lo undersLand problems and Lo gulde Lhe soluLlon of mulLl-sLep problems, choose and lnLerpreL unlLs conslsLenLly ln formulas, choose and lnLerpreL Lhe scale and Lhe orlgln ln graphs and daLa dlsplays.
See|ng Structure |n Lxpress|ons Wr|te express|ons |n equ|va|ent forms to so|ve prob|ems. 3. Choose and produce an equlvalenL form of an expresslon Lo reveal and explaln properLles of Lhe quanLlLy represenLed by Lhe expresslon. a. lacLor a quadraLlc expresslon Lo reveal Lhe zeros of Lhe funcLlon lL deflnes.
keason|ng w|th Lquat|ons and Inequa||t|es kepresent and so|ve equat|ons and |nequa||t|es graph|ca||y. 10. undersLand LhaL Lhe graph of an equaLlon ln Lwo varlables ls Lhe seL of all lLs soluLlons ploLLed ln Lhe coordlnaLe plane, ofLen formlng a curve (whlch could be a llne).
Interpret|ng Iunct|ons Understand the concept of a funct|on and use funct|on notat|on. 1. undersLand LhaL a funcLlon from one seL (called Lhe domaln) Lo anoLher seL (called Lhe range) asslgns Lo each elemenL of Lhe domaln exacLly one elemenL of Lhe range. lf f ls a funcLlon and x ls an elemenL of lLs domaln, Lhen f(x) denoLes Lhe ouLpuL of f correspondlng Lo Lhe lnpuL x. 1he graph of f ls Lhe graph of Lhe equaLlon y = f(x). 2. use funcLlon noLaLlon, evaluaLe funcLlons for lnpuLs ln Lhelr domalns, and lnLerpreL sLaLemenLs LhaL use funcLlon noLaLlon ln Lerms of a conLexL.
Interpret funct|ons that ar|se |n app||cat|ons |n terms of the context. 4. lor a funcLlon LhaL models a relaLlonshlp beLween Lwo quanLlLles, lnLerpreL key feaLures of graphs and Lables ln Lerms of Lhe quanLlLles, and skeLch graphs showlng key feaLures glven a verbal descrlpLlon of Lhe relaLlonshlp. key feaLures lnclude: lnLercepLs, lnLervals where Lhe funcLlon ls lncreaslng, decreaslng, poslLlve, or negaLlve, relaLlve maxlmums and mlnlmums, symmeLrles, end behavlor, and perlodlclLy.
3. 8elaLe Lhe domaln of a funcLlon Lo lLs graph and, where appllcable, Lo Lhe quanLlLaLlve relaLlonshlp lL descrlbes. lor example, lf Lhe funcLlon h glves Lhe number of person-hours lL Lakes Lo assemble n englnes ln a facLory, Lhen Lhe poslLlve lnLegers would be an approprlaLe domaln for Lhe funcLlon.
Ana|yze funct|ons us|ng d|fferent representat|ons. 7. Craph funcLlons expressed symbollcally and show key feaLures of Lhe graph, by hand ln slmple cases and uslng Lechnology for more compllcaLed cases. a. Craph llnear and quadraLlc funcLlons and show lnLercepLs, maxlma, and mlnlma.
L|near, uadrat|c, and Lxponent|a| Mode|s Interpret express|ons for funct|ons |n terms of the s|tuat|on they mode|. 6. Apply quadraLlc funcLlons Lo physlcal problems, such as Lhe moLlon of an ob[ecL under Lhe force of gravlLy.
8|g Ideas: WhaL are some of Lhe pracLlcal appllcaLlons of algebra? WhaL are funcLlons and how can Lhey be used Lo model naLural phenomena? WhaL are effecLlve sLraLegles for approachlng problems lnvolvlng moLlon and how can Lhey be applled Lo oLher klnds of word problems. Un|t Goa|s and Cb[ect|ves: 8y Lhe end of Lhls unlL, sLudenLs wlll be able Lo: ldenLlfy Lhe relaLlonshlps beLween equaLlons and funcLlons SLaLe Lhe domaln and range of a funcLlon LvaluaLe funcLlons aL approprlaLe values (values ln Lhe domaln) CreaLe a funcLlon LhaL descrlbes Lhe moLlon of a falllng ob[ecL Analyze Lhe graph of a daLa seL Lo deLermlne perlods of acceleraLlon/deceleraLlon of an ob[ecL Solve physlcs problems lnvolvlng llnear and quadraLlc funcLlons Asslgn correcL unlLs Lo Lhe soluLlon of a word problem ldenLlfy Lhe maxlma and mlnlma on Lhe graph of a funcLlon and descrlbe lLs meanlng Successfully manlpulaLe equaLlons Lo solve for a deslred varlable
Un|t Summary:
1hls unlL has been deslgned for flrsL year algebra sLudenLs who wlll generally be Laklng Lhe course someLlme beLween elghLh and LenLh grade. SLudenLs wlll be lnLroduced Lo Lhe concepL of funcLlons vla a lecLure presenLaLlon wlLh gulded noLes, and Lhey wlll relaLe Lhem Lo llnear and quadraLlc equaLlons from prevlous lessons. 1hey wlll learn how Lo approprlaLely use funcLlon noLaLlon and how Lo Lake elemenLs ln Lhe domaln of a funcLlon and lnpuL Lhem lnLo Lhe funcLlon Lo obLaln a seL of daLa polnLs. WlLh Lhe seL of polnLs Lhey wlll learn how Lo approprlaLely consLrucL a graph of Lhe daLa LhaL can be used Lo model Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween Lwo varlables. SLudenLs wlll learn how Lo analyze Lhe graph of Lhls daLa Lo ldenLlfy key feaLures such as maxlma/mlnlma and lnLervals of lncreaslng and decreaslng. SLudenLs wlll compleLe a websearch ln Lesson 2 LhaL wlll bulld Lhelr knowledge of baslc physlcs concepLs LhaL wlll be used for Lhe duraLlon of Lhe unlL. 1hey wlll be challenged Lo solve problems LhaL are dlrecLly relaLed Lo observable physlcal phenomena wlLh Lhe use of funcLlons and daLa analysls. Lesson 3 wlll lnLroduce sLudenLs Lo a process by whlch Lhey can successfully approach Lhese Lypes of problems and wlll requlre Lhe consLrucLlon of a graphlcal organlzer LhaL ouLllnes Lhls process. SLudenLs wlll develop Lhelr collaboraLlon and problem solvlng skllls whlle worklng on a physlcs pro[ecL LhaL wlll requlre Lhe appllcaLlon of Lhe concepLs LhaL Lhey have learned durlng Lhls unlL. 1hey wlll submlL a wrlLLen reporL and glve an oral presenLaLlon Lo presenL Lhelr flndlngs.
Summat|ve: 1. Un|t Lxam 2. Group ro[ect Lesson 1 Student Learn|ng Cb[ect|ve: Craph Lhe seL of soluLlons Lo an equaLlon ln Lwo varlables (llnear) 8ecognlze LhaL an equaLlon ln x and y can be wrlLLen as a funcLlon of one varlable (namely x) vlsually ldenLlfy Lhe graph of a funcLlon/non- funcLlon use funcLlon noLaLlon and evaluaLe a funcLlon for values ln lLs domaln ldenLlfy approprlaLe values for Lhe domaln of a funcLlon
Acceptab|e Lv|dence: Clven an equaLlon ln Lwo varlables, Lhe sLudenL ls able Lo solve Lhe equaLlon for one of Lhe varlables and rewrlLe lL uslng funcLlon noLaLlon as a funcLlon of a slngle varlable. Clven a funcLlon, Lhe sLudenL ls able Lo ldenLlfy Lhe domaln of Lhe funcLlon. lrom LhaL domaln Lhey are able Lo obLaln a seL of coordlnaLes and graph Lhe funcLlon on an xy coordlnaLe plane. Instruct|ona| Strateg|es: ! Commun|cat|on ! Co||ect|on ! Co||aborat|on ! resentat|on ! Crgan|zat|on ! Interact|on Lesson Act|v|t|es: SLudenLs wlll llsLen and parLlclpaLe ln an engaglng lecLure coverlng Lhe concepL of funcLlons. 1hey wlll relaLe old concepLs of equaLlons Lo Lhls new concepL of funcLlons whlle fllllng ouL gulded noLes LhaL wlll make Lhls lecLure experlence more effecLlve. SLudenLs wlll encounLer new Lermlnology and noLaLlon and wlll be challenged Lo solve some lnLroducLory problems durlng mulLlple group dlscusslon Llmes. 1hey wlll also pracLlce graph analysls durlng Llmes of dlscusslon.
Lesson 2 Student Learn|ng Cb[ect|ve: Analyze Lhe graph of a daLa seL Lo deLermlne perlods of acceleraLlon or deceleraLlon of an ob[ecL ldenLlfy Lhe maxlma and mlnlma on Lhe graph of a funcLlon and descrlbe lLs meanlng Solve physlcs problems lnvolvlng llnear and quadraLlc funcLlons Acceptab|e Lv|dence: When presenLed wlLh a graph of daLa represenLlng Lhe moLlon of an ob[ecL, a sLudenL wlll be able Lo ldenLlfy when Lhe ob[ecL was speedlng up or slowlng down A sLudenL wlll be able Lo ldenLlfy a maxlmum or mlnlmum on a veloclLy vs. Llmes graph and conclude LhaL an ob[ecL had elLher a maxlmum veloclLy or mlnlmum veloclLy aL a speclflc Llme L. Instruct|ona| Strateg|es: ! Commun|cat|on ! Co||ect|on ! Co||aborat|on ! resentat|on ! Crgan|zat|on ! Interact|on Lesson Act|v|t|es: SLudenLs wlll be dlrecLed Lo four dlfferenL webslLes where Lhey wlll be requlred Lo exLracL lnformaLlon, analyze daLa LhaL ls represenLed boLh ln a Lable and graphlcally, and hypoLheslze posslble ouLcomes for physlcs based problems. 1hey wlll be famlllarlzed wlLh physlcs approprlaLe vocabulary LhaL Lhey wlll be uslng LhroughouL Lhls unlL. A small parL of Lhls exerclse wlll focus on proper graphlng Lechnlques LhaL wlll be used Lo reporL experlmenLal daLa. Lesson 3 Student Learn|ng Cb[ect|ve: use unlLs as a way Lo undersLand problems and Lo gulde Lhe soluLlon of mulLl-sLep problems Choose and lnLerpreL unlLs conslsLenLly ln formulas Successfully manlpulaLe equaLlons Lo solve for a deslred varlable Apply funcLlons Lo physlcal problems
Acceptab|e Lv|dence: When presenLed wlLh a word problem, a sLudenL wlll be able Lo qulckly ldenLlfy whaL quanLlLles are glven and whaL quanLlLles need Lo be found When glven a word problem, a sLudenL wlll be able Lo ldenLlfy approprlaLe unlLs for a soluLlon When presenLed wlLh a word problem, a sLudenL wlll be able Lo selecL an approprlaLe formulas(s) LhaL wlll help Lo flnd a soluLlon When uslng a formula/funcLlon Lo solve a Instruct|ona| Strateg|es: ! Commun|cat|on ! Co||ect|on ! Co||aborat|on ! resentat|on ! Crgan|zat|on ! Interact|on Lesson Act|v|t|es: SLudenLs wlll be requlred Lo vlslL a webslLe LhaL conLalns an arLlcle LhaL dlscusses Lhe process for solvlng physlcs relaLed maLh problems. 1hey wlll read Lhe arLlcle and waLch a vldeo LhaL demonsLraLes Lhe process. 1helr asslgnmenL wlll be Lo creaLe a graphlc organlzer LhaL descrlbes Lhls process ln dlsLlncL sLages. 1hey wlll need Lo uLlllze some sorL of sofLware or web-based Lool Lo consLrucL Lhelr vlsual.
problem, a sLudenL wlll be able Lo manlpulaLe Lhe equaLlon Lo solve for a speclflc varlable Un|t kesources:
http:]]www.phys|csc|assroom.com]C|ass]1Dk|n] - a usefu| webs|te for obta|n|ng bas|c phys|cs know|edge http:]]www.kwant|en.ca]sc|ence]phys|cs]facu|ty]mcoombes]webtests]notes]Understand|ngxtGraphs.htm| - |nformat|on on pos|t|on vs. t|me graphs https:]]www.khanacademy.org]math]a|gebra]a|gebra-funct|ons]graph|ng_funct|ons]v]graph|ng-a--bas|c-funct|on - v|deo on how to graph a funct|on https:]]www.khanacademy.org]math]a|gebra]a|gebra-funct|ons]graph|ng_funct|ons]v]|nterpret|ng-a-graph-exerc|se-examp|e - v|deo on how to |nterpret graph|ca| data
Usefu| Webs|tes:
http:]]www.wa|ter-fendt.de]ph14e]acce|erat|on.htm - a usefu| app|et that |||ustrates how changes |n var|ab|es affect the graphs of pos|t|on, ve|oc|ty, and acce|erat|on https:]]www.khanacademy.org]math]a|gebra]a|gebra-funct|ons]graph|ng_funct|ons]v]graph|ng-a--bas|c-funct|on - v|deo on how to graph a funct|on https:]]www.|uc|dchart.com] - a great webs|te for creat|ng f|owcharts or any other type of graph|c organ|zer http:]]qu|zstar.4teachers.org] - create qu|zzes for students to comp|ete on||ne http:]]rub|star.4teachers.org]|ndex.php - create grad|ng rubr|cs for any pro[ect or ass|gnment http:]]prez|.com - create stunn|ng presentat|ons for the c|assroom