/

:
.
:
Behaviorism School :
) Thorndike (1913 ) Pavlov (1927 )Skinner (1974

) (Skinner, 1974 black box


). (Gilbert and Dabbagh, 2005

Behavior approach
:
:
. . . . . .- .

 . Cognitivism School :
Cognitive School


(Anderson
)and Elloumi, 2004
:
:
. . . ( ( - .
. . .
ConstructivismSchool :


.


). (Anderson and Elloumi, 2004



)(Duffy and Cunningham, 1996
situated learning
contextualize.
) (Piaget,1960 (Bruner
),1990
assimilation accommodation
. Dewey


mental state
(Dewey, 1910/1981, p. 185). Vygotsky
Social constructivism

cognitive development Hung :
. . . )(Hunge, 2001, 283
:

 :
. ( )
( )flexible use of knowledge
( )
- .

( )Strucuralisme Le :
. ...

:
. .

: .
.
.

( :)organization :
.

( :)structuralisme le : (
)


.
( )

.

:


()laccommodation :
(:)lassimilation :
o

:
.

:

.

:

...
.

:

.
.

:





.


.
.

.
:

( )Gestalt
( )Wertheimer 9191

( )Cohler 9191-9881( )Koffka9198-9889


-

.

-

Law Of Proximity

.
-

Law Of Similarity

() Law Of Continuity

.
-

Law Of Closure

.

-

.
-

.
-

.
-