Professional Documents
Culture Documents
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
5-7
(Heat of occupants)
5-8
(Heat of ventilation)
5-9
5-10
5-11
5-12
5-13
5-14
5-15
5-16
5-17
5-18
5-19
5-20
(Introduction)
(Factors influencing geat gain)
(Heat gain)
(Light heat)
(Heat of equipment and motors)
(Worksheet)
(Central Plant size)
(Check of cooling load)
(Survey pattern)
(Problems)
56
COOLING LOAD CALCULAIONS
5-1 )(Introduction
,
.
:
)( )(Heat gain
.
)( )(Cooling load
.
.
)( )(Heat extraction
.
.
5-2
)(Factors influencing heat gain
:
)(Sources of heat
:
) ( External:
.
.
.
) (Internal:
.
.
.
)( )( Outside design conditions
%2.5 %1 %5 ) 2928(
) (1-5 .
57
) (1-5
)
(C
)(C
)(C
37
41
45
42
46
34
37
42
24
22
25
23
27
26
28
25
8
15
18
16
18
8
8
14
45
25.5
27
35
25.4
27
40
27.2
30
)( )(Building construction
.
.
.
R = K/
K
.
58
) (3-5 .
) (3-5 )(W/m. C
)(Common brick
)(Face brick
)(concrete
)(Tiles
)(Stone
)(Cement plaster
)(Gypsum plaster
)(Hard wood
)(Soft wood
)(Sand
)(Cork
)(Glass wool
)(Polystyrene
)(Polyurethane
)(Glass
0.72
1.30
1.72
1.10
1.80
0.72
0.80
0.16
0.12
1.72
0.036
0.036
0.040
0.023
0.79
59
5 .
:
)(5-5
)(Latent heat
.
:
1 .
2 .
3 .
) (5-5 ) ( %
100
58
50
80
40
80-20
60
42
50
20
20
20-80
100
40
60
K
).(3-5
C .
) (6-5 ) (Conductance
.
) (6-5 )(W/m 2. C
)100(
) 200(
37
13
17
8
5
)(Asphalt roofing
ho hI
:
(h = 6 + 4V
(W/m2. C
V : )(m/s
)(7-5
) (7-5 )(W/m2 .K
6.7/
3.4/
10
6
8
34
23
) (8-5 .
) (8-5 ))(W/m2 .K
6.4
3.2
2.2
13
13
) (9-5 .
61
) (9-5 ))(W/m2 .K
1.35
1.88
2.26
1.83
1.2
1.75
1.3
2.44
62
63
ts :
TS = I/ho
I : 1.15
).(4-5
:
])Q = UA [(to tI) + ( I/ho
= ]UA [to + ( I/ho ) - tI
= (UA (te tI
te : )Sol-
(temperature
.
:
to + ( I/ho ) = te
) (te tI
TETD :
(TETD = (te tI
) (10-5 )(
) (10-5
64
0.7 0.55
0.5 0.4
0.5 0.3
0.65
0.9
0.9 0.8
) (11-5 .30
) (11-5 )(W/m2
10
24
310
280
240
190
280
220
80
70
:
(Qsum = UA tS
(w
:
5-6 )(Light heat
:
(Qsum = A Q
(w
In F ) (Incandescent )
(Fluorescent .
%25
.
) (12-5 .
65
) (12-5 )(W/m2
60
45
40
20
17
15
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.85
0.88
200
375 750
1 4
1
5 2 15
15
) (14-5 .
) (14-5 )(W
515
930
1050
2190
220
525
700
2190
150
290
350
875
66
:
(Qp,s = n.QS/Person
(W
n .
Qs/person
) (15-5:
) (15-5 )(W
66
72
73
73
73
81
81
110
88
170
170
31
45
59
59
73
81
139
183
204
255
255
97
117
132
132
146
162
229
293
292
425
425
.
:
(Qp,L = n.QL/person (W
QL/person
).(15-5
5-9 )(Heat of ventilation
.
:
(QV,S = mV is = mV CP (to tI) (W
mV .
:
(QV,L = mV iL = mV [(Ho HI) L] (W
Ho HI .
L 2501.3 .
)g/s
)mv = n. (L/s/Person) /vo
67
n .
Vo .
) (16-5 )(L/S/Person
7
5
5
12
2.5
3.5
12
12
14
7
7.5
7.5
3.5
2.5
9.5
7.5
7
15
3.5
5
14
14
24
12
12.5
10
6
5
) (L/S/Person
)(16-5
(mV = A (L/S/m2) / vo
(g/s
:
)(mV = [(AH) /vo](10-3 /60 60
(g/s:
A .
H 3.
3.
) (17-5 ) (L/S/m2
) (17-5
)
(m2
)
(L/S/m2
)(
68
1.4
1.5
1.8
2.8
3.7
4.6
3
4
5
6.7
8.3
10
7
9
11
)(m/s
69
0.19
0.70
0.16
5
10
2.87
0.82
15
1.4
1.4
2.8
5.7
) (19-5
)(
1.2
1.8
1.2
1.2
0.9 0.6
0.6
0.6
0.75
1.5
2
2
2
0.5
0.75
1
1
-
5-11 :
)(Heat gain through air ducts
.
:
(Qd = UA t
(W
A .
t .
U 7
. 1.25 2.5
0.7 5.
5-12
)(Heat transferred through contact surfaces
70
.
5.
:
(Q = U A t
(W
5-13 )(Heat due processes
. :
)(QE = (mE.L
(W
mE )(g/s
L )(kJ/kg
:
](QE = n [ QS,P + QL,P
(W
n .
Qs,p QL,p
10.
5-14 )(Cooling load calculation procedure
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 :
.
.
.
7 .
8 :
.
.
: .
.
.
.
.
9 .
71
72
:
:
QS
QL
-
E
W
S
N
73
QT
E
W
S
N
E
W
S
N
QS
QL
E
W
S
N
E
W
S
N
W/m2
QS
QL
E
W
S
N
E
W
S
N
QT
QT
W/unit
74
QS
QL
QT
)(5+4+3+2+1
QS/p
QL/P
QS
QL
QT
L/S/
P
QS
QL
QT
VR
/1
Uo
QS
QL
QT
) 7+6 (8
:
.
.
3.6 :
3
3
)m /kg) vo, (m ) VR, (m2) A, (K) t, (W) Q, (kJ/kg)I, (w/m2. K)U
5-17 )(Central plant size
.
75
) (Peak load .
) (Plant demand .
.
) (Zones .
.
) (Diversity factor
.
) (20-5
) (20-5
0.9 0.75
0.6 0.4
0.9 0.8
0.95 0.85
0.85 0.7
0.5 0.3
1 0.9
0.9 0.8
76
) (21-5
:
:
:
) / (
45
40
35
40
25
9
24
18.5
15
9
10
6
15
15
8
24
20
10
16.5
11
22
20
19
22
14
30
28
28
17.5
17.5
35
34
36
38
40
50
55
60
77
8
10
10
12
13.5
15
22.5
15
28
18.5
11
15
37.5
20
9
28.5
24.5
34
28
13.5
22
50
26.5
15
34
35
40
34.5
18
30
62.5
33
24
77
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5-20 )(Problems
1 28
: 20 3 5
6 60 250.
2 2.666 1
350. 50
12
.
1.5 / . 24
37.
3 :
: 15 3.6.
: .
1 : . 150 120.
: . 240120
6.
24 : %40 .
33 : 27 5/ .
.
.
/ .
/
.
4 3 15 100
40 150
16 .
78
1.5 2 .
26 %45 .:
.
:
.
I 55
II 6
.
5 . :
24 : 18 .
35 : %50 .
10 : 10 20 )=A
21.4 U = 1.2 / .(.
: ) A = 8.4 U = 3.19 /
.
: .
800 : .
: .
26 : %50 .
U = 1.5 : / .
1.86 : . .
: .
40 : / .
3 : .
7 ) (4-5
.
: ) U = 0.5 / (
10 : ) U = 1.9/ (.
10 : 10 5 15
) U = 0.7 / (.
6 : 3.
60 :
30 : .
5 : / .
: .
26 : %50 .
: 21090.
4.25 :.
79
10 8 .
.
)(4-5
8 ) (5-5
:
24 : 26 .
20 :
2000 :
4.2 : . 31.2
2.11.5.
29.
1.4 :/ . 1.84
6 3.2 .
.
)(5-5
9 :
: 15 3.6 20 10
12 10 .
: 150120.
1 . .
: 30 20 .
: 25 .
100 :.
: .
: . 150 .
240120 6.
24 : %40 .
33 : 27 5 /.
.
.
.
.
.
80
10 ) (6-5
:
:.
U = 1.08 :/ ..
: .
12 : 20 .
: 6 .
3 : . 1.4 .
)(6-5
81