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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER Precipitating factors -salmonella typhi -poor hygiene -unsanitary food preparations -contaminated food and

water Predisposing factors -age -gender -culture -nationality -genetics

Ingestion of contaminated food and water with salmonella typhi

Salmonella typhi survives the acidity of the stomach

Invades the Peyers patches of the intestinal wall Signs and symptoms Macrophages in the intestines engulf salmonella typhi and survive within it -nausea and vomiting -high grade, on and off fever -maculapapular rashes

Bacteria spread through lymphatics and access reticuloendothelial system, liver, spleen, gall bladder and bone marrow

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