m‡bU : e½fvlv

Kwe : gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë

= iPbvg~jK Ask =
cÖkœ : Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvi fvee¯‘ wb‡Ri fvlvq †jL|
DËi : Dwbk kZ‡Ki evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i beRMi‡Yi cw_K…Z gvB‡Kj gaymyy`b `Ë
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i GK AmvaviY cÖwZfvai Kwe| wZwbB evsjv PZz©`kc`x KweZv
ev m‡b‡Ui Rb¥`vZv Ges evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i AvaywbKZvi m~PbvKvix| ga¨hy‡Mi
cqvi-jvPvox, †`e-‡`ex wbf©i Kve¨ †_‡K evsjv KweZvi AvaywbKZvi Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j
fye‡b c`vc©Y Zvi nvZ a‡iB| Av‡jvP¨ Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU ZuviB D‡jL‡hvM¨ m‡bU
ev PZz`©kc`x KweZv| G KweZvq gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ Kwei AK…wÎg
fvjevmvi AÄwj wb‡ew`Z n‡q‡Q|
gv I gvZ…fvlv-`ywU wRwbm gvbe Rxe‡bi †kªô m¤ú` I cig cÖkvwšÍi Avkªq|
evsjv fvlvi iZœfvÛvi AdzišÍ gnvg~j¨evb iZœivRxi mgv‡ek _vKv m‡Ë¡I Kwe gvB‡Kj
gaymy`b `Ë Zv Dcjwä Ki‡Z e¨_© nb| ZvB Kwe we‡`wk fvlvi Abykxjb Ki‡Z wM‡q
Ag~j¨ mgq, Acwimxg kw³ Ges Abb¨ mvaviY cÖwZfvi AcPq K‡ib| we‡`wk
mvwn‡Z¨ iPbv K‡i hk-L¨vwZ AR©‡bi wg_¨v Awfjv‡m wZwb wb‡e©v‡ai gZ we‡`k
wef~uB‡q Ny‡i †ewi‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ GZ kªg I mgq Ace¨envi K‡iI Kwe Zvi Kvw•LZ
¯’vb Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb ZvB my`~i cÖev‡m e‡m Kwe `ytL-`vwi`ª RR©iwZ Rb¥f~wg
Avi nviv‡bv gvZ…fvlvi Mfxi gwngv Dcjw× K‡iwQ‡jb| ZvB Zvui Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvq
Zvui ‡mB e¨_v-`xY© wP‡Ëi nvnvKviB aŸwbZ-cÖwZaŸwbZ n‡q‡Q| Zvui fvlvq-
Ò‡n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb;-
Zv m‡e, (A‡eva Avwg!) Ae‡njv Kwi,
ci-ab-†jv‡f gË, Kwiby ågY
ci‡`‡k, wf¶ve„wË Kz¶‡Y AvPwi|Ó
we‡`wk mvwnZ¨‡K ci-ab we‡ePbv K‡i Zvui PP©v‡K wZwb wf¶ve„wËi
mgZzj¨ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| Gi gva¨‡g Kwei wb‡Ri fvlv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Ab¨ fvlvi
m¤ú‡`i Øvi¯’ nvIqvi Rb¨ Aby‡kvPbv I AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbvi †eva cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
ZvB Kwe evsjv fvlv‡K c‡Ùi Ges Bs‡iwR fvlv‡K k¨vIjvi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| Zvui
Kv‡Q gvZ…fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i fvÛvi †hb Lwbi g‡Zv AbšÍ iZœ-m¤ú‡`i AvKi| ZvB Zvui
e³e¨-†mB iZ¥fvÛvi K‡i we‡`wk fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i PP©v K‡i †h fyj wZwb K‡i‡Qb Zv
†hb cÙeb‡K D‡c¶v K‡i k¨vIjv wb‡q ‡Ljv Kivi mvwgj Kwei fvlvq-
ÒgwRby wedj Z‡c Ae‡i‡Y¨ ewi;-
‡Kwjby ˆkev‡j, fywj Kgj-Kvbb!Ó
e¨_©Zvi K…òmvMi gš’b †k‡l cieZ©xKv‡j gvZ„fvlvi PP©vq †h Z…wß-myL
wZwb †c‡qwQ‡jb KweZvwUi cÖwZwU cOw³‡Z Kwe †m K_vB ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| gvZ…
fvlvi †P‡q eo wKQyB n‡Z cv‡i bv, G †evaB Kwe‡K Zvui wbR fvlv-mvwn‡Z¨i Kv‡Q
wdwi‡q G‡bwQj| ¯^‡cœ †h, Kzjj¶èx Kwe‡K Zvui gvZ…fvlvi iZ¥ivwRi Kv‡Q wd‡i
hvIqvi Avnevb Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb, †mB Kzjj¶èx Avm‡j Kwei RvMÖZ we‡eK| gvZ…fvlvi
KweZv iPbvi ˆ`e †cÖiYv‡K Kwe gvZ…fvlvi AwaôvÎx wn‡m‡e I Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| Zvui
fvlvq-
Ò¯^‡cœ Ze Kzjj¶èx K‡q w`jv c‡i,-
I‡i evQv, gvZ…‡Kv‡l iZ‡bi ivwR
G wfLvix-`kv Z‡e †Kb †Zvi AvwR?
hv wdwi, AÁvb ZzB, hv †i wd‡i N‡i|
e½fvlvi †mŠ›`h©¨ I gvay‡h©i ga¨ w`‡q Kwe gaym~`b gvZ…fvlvi
HwZn¨gq †h †MŠieMv_v cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Kwei mü`q wkíx mËviB ewntcÖKvk
N‡U‡Q| gvZ…f~wg Ges gvZ…fvlvi Kv‡Q gvZ…Zzj¨ FY ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb wZwb
AKc‡U| ZvB cÖ_g Rxe‡bi AšÍtmvik~b¨ mvwn‡Z¨ PP©vi A_©nxbZv‡K
ب_©nxbfv‡e cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb wZwb| fzj c_ cwinvi K‡i †kl, ch©šÍ ¯^fvlvi Kv‡Q wd‡i
G‡m Kwe Mfxi Z…w߇Z e‡j‡Qb,
Òcvwjjvg AvÁv my‡L; cvBjvg Kv‡j
gvZ…fvlv-iƒc Lvwb, c~Y© gwYRv‡j|Ó

cÖkœ: m‡bU Kv‡K e‡j? m‡bU wn‡m‡e Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwUi ˆewkó¨ I

mv_©KZv Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi: gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë (1824-1873) evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg †kªô
Kwe‡`i GKRb| Zi“Y eq‡m wZwb wn›`y K‡j‡Ri QvÎ wQ‡jb ZLb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i
cÖwZ cÖej fv‡e AvK…ó n‡q c‡ob| wKš‘ wZwb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ L¨vwZ AR©b
Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb| wZwb L¨vwZ AR©b K‡ib †kl ch©š— evsjv mvwn‡Z¨| Kwei G
¯^‡`kcÖxwZ I gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ gy»Zvi Ici wfwË K‡iB iwPZ Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU|
Ôm‡bUÕ GKwU BZvjxq kã| BD‡ivcxq ‡i‡bmuvi hy‡M BZvjx‡Z cÖ_g m‡bU
iwPZ nq Ges BD‡ivcxq Ab¨vb¨ fvlv‡ZI Zvi PP©v nq I Zv mg„w× jvf K‡i| gvB‡Kj
gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi G RvZxq KweZv¸‡jv g~jZ BZvjxq m‡b‡Ui Av`‡k© iPbv K‡i‡Qb|
PZz`©kc`x KweZv ej‡Z Ggb GK †kªYxi KweZv‡K †evSvq, hv MwVZ nq †PŠÏwU
cOw³ ev c` ev PiY wb‡q| G †kªYxi KweZv KL‡bv ‡PŠÏ cOw³i †ewk ev Kg nq bv| G
†kªYxi KweZv n‡”Q LÛ KweZviB GKwU wfbœ cÖKiY| Kwe GKwUgvÎ fve‡K `„p
msh‡gi †fZi w`‡q KweZvq iƒcvwqZ K‡ib| Kwei Kíbv KLbI fvlvi `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y †PŠÏ
Pi‡Yi AvqZ‡b AcwiùzU _v‡K bv| Avevi KL‡bv AwZK_b-‡`vl ‡PŠÏ cOw³ Qvwo‡q hvq
bv| fve Ges aŸwbgvay‡h©i mylg cÖKv‡k G KweZv nq ˆewkó¨gwÛZ| evsjv
mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡m G KweZvi cÖ_g I mv_©K mªóv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë| d«v‡Ýi
fvm©vB bMix‡Z evm Kivi mg‡q gaym~`b BZvjxq Kwe †cÎvK©ÑGi m‡b‡Ui
Abymi‡Y G ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvÕ iPbv K‡ib| Kweg‡bi wbweo Abyf~wZ cÖKvk
N‡U‡Q G KweZvi welqe¯‘ I Avw½‡K|
PZz`©kc`x KweZvi ˆewkó¨ mvaviYZ `y ai‡bi| Zv njÑÑ
cÖ_g AvU cOw³‡K ejv nq AóK (Octave) I †k‡li Qq cOw³‡K ejv nq lóK ( Sestet
)|
cÖ_g AvU cOw³‡Z †h fve †`Lv ‡`q, †k‡li Qq cOw³‡Z ZvB cyY©Zv jvf K‡i A_©vr
Aó‡K †h fve gÄywiZ n‡q myfvl Qovq, ló‡K Zv cwiùzwUZ nq, d‡j my‡kvwfZ n‡q
cyY©Zv cvq|
cÖK„Zc‡¶ m‡bU ev PZz`©kc`‡K ˆewkó¨ `vb K‡i‡Q fv‡ei ALÛ cÖevn, Av‡e‡Mi
ZxeªZv I Avðh© evKmshg| MVbixwZi †¶‡Î Amshg AvZ¡cÖKvk NU‡j m‡b‡Ui m~¶è
wkí wewNœZ nq|
MVbixwZ I Avw½K we‡kl‡Y m‡bU KweZv-
 GwU mvaviYZ †PŠÏ gvÎv mgwš^Z (KL‡bv AvVvi gvÎv) †PŠÏ cOw³i KweZv|
 m‡b‡U GKwU gvÎ g„b¥q fveKíbvi Awfe¨w³ _v‡K|
 m‡b‡Ui fv‡e MfxiZv Ges fvlvq mvejxjZv _v‡K|
 m‡b‡Ui msnZ Aeq‡e MxwZ KweZvi ¯^ZtùzZ©Zv _v‡K bv|
 AóK I ló‡Ki mymgš^‡q M‡o D‡V m‡b‡Ui e¨wß| Z‡e †k·cxqi, iex›`ªbv_ cÖgyL
A‡bK eo KweB G ce© wefvR‡b AvMÖn †`Lvbwb|
Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU GKwU m‡bU ev PZz`©kc`x KweZv| G KweZvq †PŠÏwU
cOw³ Av‡Q| wKš‘ Kwe †h wbR¯^ ixwZi cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb, Zvi cÖgvb cvIqv hvq G
KweZvi cÖ‡Z¨K Pi‡YB| wZwb Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwUi †Kv‡bv ¯—eK wefvRb K‡ibwb|
Z‡e KweZvi g~jfve †h gvZ„fvlvcÖxwZ G‡Z Zvi weKvk N‡U‡Q h_vh_fv‡e|
KweZvwUi cÖ_g cOw³ ch©š— g~jfv‡ei msnZ cwiYwZ cÖKvk e¨nZ nqwb| wKš‘
KweZvi cOw³mg~‡ni g‡a¨ wg‡ji †h wbqg, Zv wZwb i¶v K‡ibwb| wZwb Ôe½fvlvÕ
KweZvi cÖ_g AvU cOw³i wgj e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Ggb -KL KL LK LK| †kl ¯—e‡Ki wgj
wZwb ¯^vaxbfv‡e e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Ges wgj web¨vm n‡”Q - MN NM OO| gvB‡Kj
gaym~`b `Ë g~jZ ÒAwgÎv¶i Q‡›`iÓ cÖeZ©K| wKš‘ PZz`©kc`x KweZvq wZwb Aš
—¨wgj cwinvi K‡ib wb| †PŠÏ gvÎvi e¨envi‡KI wZwb cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| Ôe½fvlvÕ
KweZvwUI †PŠÏ gvÎvi ch©v‡q iwPZ| D‡jL¨ GwU †k·cxqixq I †cÎvK©xq ixwZi
wgkª‡Y †jLv GKwU mv_©K evsjv m‡bU| KweZvwUi PiY¸‡jvi Aš—¨wgj wb‡gœ we¯
—vwiZ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv -
e½fvlvi cÖwZwU Pi‡Y ce©
1. †n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze/wewea iZb;Ñ K =8+6
2. Zv m‡e, (A‡eva Avwg!)/ Ae‡njv Kwi; L =8+6
3. ciÑabчjv‡f gË, K =8+6
4. ci‡`‡k, wf¶ve„wË / Kz¶‡Y AvPwi| L =8+6
5. KvUvBby eû w`b / myL cwinwi! L =8+6
6. Awb`ªvq, Abvnv‡i / muwc Kvq, gb:, K =8+6
7. gwRby wedj Z‡c / Ae‡i‡Y¨ ewi;- L =8+6
8. †Kwjby ˆkev‡j, fywj / KgjÑKvbb! K =8+6
9. ¯^‡cœ Ze Kzjj²x / K‡q w`jv c‡i, M =8+6
10. ÒI‡i evQv, gvZ…‡Kv‡l / iZ‡bi ivwR, N =8+6
11. G wfLvixÑ`kv Z‡e / †Kb †Zvi AvwR? N =8+6
12. hv wdwi, AÁvb ZzB / hv †i wdwi N‡i|Ó M =8+6
13. cvwjjvg AvÁv my‡L; / cvBjvg Kv‡j O =8+6
14. gvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb, / c~Y© gwYRv‡j \ O =8+6
cÖkœ : Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvq Kwei gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ †h Mfxi AbyivM I
¯^‡`k‡cÖg cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q, Zvi cwiPq `vI|
DËi:
evsjv Kv‡e¨ RM‡Z AwgÎv¶i Q‡›`i cÖeZ©K gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi
(1824-1873) Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU GKwU mv_©K m‡bU RvZxq KweZv| GB
KweZvwU †Kej m‡bUB bq- GwU evsjv fvlv I gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ fvjevmvq wm³
Kwei Av‡eMvcyZ ü`‡qi GK wegyZ© cÖKvk| G KweZvi cÖwZwU cOw³‡Z Kwei
gvZ„fvlvi cÖwZ AK…wÎg kª×v I ggZv Rwo‡q Av‡Q| D³ KweZvq gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ
Kwei †h cÖMvp fw³ I ü`‡qi e¨KzjZv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv wbtm‡Ü‡n we¯^qKi|

Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU‡Z Kwei gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ cÖxwZ I †`k‡cÖ‡gi cÖKvk

we‡klfv‡e j¶bxq| Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Bs‡iwR‡Z mvwnZ¨ PP©v K‡i
myL¨vwZ AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ Z_v cÖwZôv cvevi GK HKvwš—K B”Qvq K‡Vvi cwikª‡gi
gva¨‡g Bs‡iwR fvlv wk¶vi Rb¨ Ges mvwnZ¨ Aa¨q‡b g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| wKš—
AwP‡iB Zvi ‡mB †Póv e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ nq| Bs‡iwR‡Z Zvi †jLv CaptiveLad ie Ges
Visionsof thepastMÖš’ `ywU cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci we`» cvVK Zv MÖnb K‡ib wb Ges Zv
Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK‡`i Kv‡Q mdj mvwnZ¨ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ cvqwb| d‡j
Kwe e¨_© gb wb‡q ¯^‡`k I ¯^fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©vq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| Av‡jvP¨
KweZvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Kwe ü`‡qi Adziš— Av‡¶c| Kwei g‡Z, evsjv fvlvi fvÛv‡i
eûwea gwYgvwYK¨ I iZœ Av‡Q| A_P †m¸‡jv Abyaveb bv K‡i Ges e½fvÛv‡i
iZœivwR‡K Ae‡njv K‡i Kwe L¨vwZ AR©‡bi Rb¨ ciab †jv‡f gË n‡q ¯^‡`k
†Q‡owQ‡jb | gvZ…fvlv‡K AeÁv K‡i we‡`wk fvlvq mvwnZ¨ iPbv Kiv wQj wf¶ve„wËi
g‡ZvB AcgvbRbK | G KvR Ki‡Z wM‡q Zv‡K A‡bK Kó Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| we‡`‡k Kwe
A_©vnv‡i I Abvnv‡i myL-kvwš—nxb, wb`ªvnxb Kvj KvwU‡q‡Qb| GZ Kó K‡i
we‡`wk fvlv iPbv, Zuvi mvwnZ¨Kg© meB wQj ïay cÛkªg| A_©vr Kwe GgbB wbùj
I e¨_© Zcm¨vq gMœ wQ‡jb hv †Kvb µ‡gB eiY‡hvM¨ bq| Zvi G cÛkªg wQj Kgj-
Kvb‡bi we‡gvwnZ iƒc-im †mŠ›`h©‡K Z¨vM K‡i k¨vIjvi gv‡S †Ljv Kivi g‡Zv| ZvB
Kwei K‡Ú Av‡¶c evYx †kvbv hvh-
ÒgwRby wedj Z‡c Ae‡i‡Y¨ ewi;-
‡Kwjby ˆkev‡j, fywj Kgj-Kvbb;Ó
Kwe wb‡Ri fyj eyS‡Z †c‡i evsjv fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©vi †cÖiYv jvf K‡ib- hv‡K wZwb
Dcgvi mvnv‡h¨ D‡jL K‡i‡Qb-
¯^‡cœ Ze Kyjj²x K‡q w`jv c‡i,-
ÒI‡i evQv, gvZ…‡Kv‡l iZ‡bi ivwR,
G wfLvix-`kv Z‡e †Kb †Zvi AvwR?
hv wdwi, AÁvb ZzB, hv‡i wdwi N‡i|Ó
A_©vr Kwei Kó †`‡L Kzjj²x Kwe‡K e‡j‡Qb, †n cyÎ! we‡`wk fvlvq mvwnZ¨ PP©v
Ki‡Z wM‡q †Zvgvi Ae¯’v AvR wfLvwii g‡Zv n‡q †M‡Q| ZvB Zzwg †`‡k wd‡i G‡mv,
†Kbbv evsjv fvlvq mvwnZ¨ PP©v Kivi g‡Zv h‡_ô fvÛvi c‡o i‡q‡Q| Zzwg gvZ…fvlv
fvÛv‡ii c‡o i‡q‡Q| Zzwg gvZ…fvlv fvÛv‡ii iZœivwR wb‡q mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki Zvn‡j
evsjv fvlvi Hk¦h©gq w`K †`L‡Z cv‡e Ges †Zvgvi iwPZ mvwnZ¨Kg©I mgv`„Z n‡e|
Kwei g‡Z, Djj²xi Ggb AvÁv AZ¨š— myL I Z…wßKi| G †hb c_‡fvjv AeyS mš—v‡bi
cÖwZ gv‡qi h‡_vchy³ wn‡Zvc‡`k| G Dc‡`k Kwe mv`‡i MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges wb‡Ri
†gvnwb`ªv f½ K‡i wZwb Z¨³ wei³ n‡q ¯^‡`‡k Qz‡U G‡m‡Qb Ges ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb
†hÑ gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvi fvÛvi ARmª iZœivwR‡Z cwic~Y©| Lwb †_‡K †hgb
wewfbœ cÖKvi iZœivwR jvf Kiv hvq †Zgwb gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvq
mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡iI h‡_ô L¨vwZ I Hk¦h© AR©b Kiv hvq| we‡`‡k Mgb Ges we‡`wk
fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©vi gva¨‡g †h fyj wZwb K‡i‡Qb †m AbyZv‡c `» Kwe gZ e`j K‡i
ev¯—e Ae¯’v Abyaveb Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| ¯^‡cœi †gvngvqvq we‡`‡ki nvZQvwb
KZ weåvwš—Ki Zv wZwb nv‡o nv‡o Dcjw× Ki‡Z †c‡i cvc‡ev‡a wb‡R‡K Acivax
g‡b K‡i‡Qb| Zvici evsjv fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki‡Z wM‡q Abyaveb Ki‡Z m¶g
n‡q‡Qb †h, gvZ…fvlvi fvÛv‡i ARmª m¤ú`ivwR jywK‡q Av‡Q| Avi ZvB †Zv Kwei
Av‡¶cÑ Ò‡n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb;
Zv m‡e, (A‡eva Avwg!) Ae‡njv Kwi,
Rb¥f~wgi mv‡_ gvby‡li bvwoi m¤úK© Awe‡”Q`¨| wewfbœ cÖ‡qvRb wKsev
weåvwš—i Qjbvq gvbyl AvcvZfv‡e †gvnMÖ¯— n‡q ¯^‡`k †Q‡o †h‡Z cv‡i wKš‘
Ae‡k‡l Zv‡K gvZ…f~wg‡Z, gv‡qi ‡Kv‡j wd‡i Avm‡Z nq| Kwei ¯§„wZZvobv I ˆkk‡e
wd‡i hvevi AvKv•¶v Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Zuvi gvZ…f~wg cÖxwZ‡KB D™¢vwmZ
K‡i‡Q| Kwei gvZ…f~wg gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ Mfxi Abyiv‡Mi Dcjwäi bv›`wbK
ewntcÖKvkB nj Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU|

Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq Kwe bv›`wbK Q‡›`i b~cy‡i Rb¥f~wgi cÖwZ Mfxi

ggZ¡‡eva I Abyiv‡Mi ewntcÖKvk NwU‡q‡Qb| AbyZv‡c `» Kwegb Kíbvi cvLv †g‡j
gy³ wen‡½i g‡Zv gvZ…f~wgi †µv‡o wd‡i Avm‡Z Db¥yL| Kwei Avš—wiK †PZbv
evYxe× iƒcjvf K‡i‡Q Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvq|
 = msw¶ß Ask =
cÖkœ: Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvq Kwe Kv‡K Ges †Kb ÔAe‡iY¨Õ AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb?
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i AvaywbK Kve¨ RM‡Zi mªôv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi
PZz`©kc`x ÔKweZvejxÕ MÖ‡š’i Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvq Ae‡iY¨ kãwU e¨vL¨v
w`‡q‡Qb|
gvB‡Kj gaym~ab `Ë GK weivU cÖwZfv wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| K‡jR Rxe‡bB
Zvi cÖwZfvi weKvk NU‡Z _v‡K| wZwb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i gnvKwe wgë‡bi b¨vq
gnvKwe nIqvi evmbv †cvlY Ki‡Zb Ges †m Bs‡iwR fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki‡Zb| Gici
my`yyi d«v‡Ýi fvmv©B bMix‡Z e‡m wZwb Zvi f~j eyS‡Z cvi‡jb| wZwb eyS‡Z
cvi‡jb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i wecyj iZœivwR †d‡j ci‡`‡k wf¶z‡Ki gZ Nyi‡Qb| wZwb
AeY©bxq `ytL Kó †fvM Ki‡Qb| A_©vr hv eiYxq ev MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq Kwe †mB
we‡`wk fvlv I mvwnZ¨‡K eiY K‡i AeiYxq AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| G‡K Ae‡iY¨ AvL¨v
GKgvÎ KviY G‡K eiY gvjv w`‡q eiY Kiv hvq bv| A_©vr we‡`wk fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v
K‡i L¨vwZ jvf Kiv hvq bv|
we‡`wk fvlv‡K ciab wn‡m‡e †`‡L‡Qb e‡jB wZwb G‡K Ae‡iY¨ AvL¨v
w`‡q‡Qb|

cÖkœ: Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU wK m‡bU Kx? †Kb? ms‡¶‡c †jL|

evsjv mvwnZ¨‡K we‡kl K‡i evsjv Kve¨mvwnZ¨‡K whwb AvaywbKZvi
RviKi‡m wm³ K‡i‡Qb wZwb gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë| gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `ËB evsjv
mvwnZ¨ m‡b‡Ui mªóv| Zuvi iwPZ GKwU Abe`¨ KweZv Ôe½fvlvÕ|
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë weiwPZ Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g m‡bU| G
KweZvwU w`‡qB evsjv m‡b‡Ui m~ÎcvZ|
m‡bU nj KweZvi GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi Avw½K| GKwU m‡b‡U 14wU cOw³
_v‡K| G 14 cOw³i g‡a¨ cÖ_g 8 cOw³‡K e‡j Aóg ( octave ) Ges †k‡li 6 cOw³‡K e‡j lóK
( sestet
) Gi g‡a¨ cÖ_g 8 cOw³‡Z _v‡K fv‡ei cÖKvk Ges †kl 6 cOw³‡Z _v‡K fv‡ei
wbe„wË| Ôev½fvlvÕ m‡bUwU ixwZ ev wg‡ji w`K †_‡K AwbqwgZ ai‡bi| PviY¸‡jvi
Aš—¨wgjÑ KL KL LK LK, MN NM, OO| KweZvi cÖ_g PviwU PiY Ges †kl `ywU PiY
†k·cxq‡ii ixwZ‡Z iwPZ| Ab¨vb¨ PiY¸‡jv †k·cxqi I †cÎv‡K©i wgkª X‡O †jLv| Av‡jvP¨
G Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU Kwei e¨w³Rxe‡bi myLvbyf~wZ I `ytLvbyf~wZi †e`bvi‡m
wm³| G KweZvwU‡Z Kwei wbR¯^ Abyf~wZi weKvk N‡U‡Q euvafvOv Av‡e‡Mi
g‡Zv| †m Av‡e‡Mi ev‡b †f‡m †M‡Q c~‡e©i `ytL‡e`bvRwbZ mKj †K¬k, cwie‡Z©
G‡m‡Q kvš— gwngvi myLvbyf~wZ hv‡Z K‡i KweK‡Éi ¯^Ztù~Z© D”PviY
Avgv‡`i‡K we‡gvwnZ K‡iÑ Òcvwjjvg AvÁv my‡L; cvBjvg Kv‡j,
gvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb, c~Y© gwYRv‡j|Ó
Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ïi“ cÖ_g m‡bUB bq, evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i †miv
m‡bU¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg| Gi fvee¯‘ †hgb gvwR©Z, cwikxwjZ I mshZ †Zgwb wkíiƒcI DPz
gv‡bi| †PŠÏwU Pi‡Yi mxwgZ Avw½‡K Kwei GK ALÛ fveKíbv µgweKwkZ n‡q hvi
ùziY Aó‡K N‡UwQj, ló‡K G‡m cwiYwZ‡Z †c‡q‡Q Zvi PgrKvwiZ¡| Kwei g‡bv‡e`bv
†K‡U wM‡q ló‡K G‡m‡Q wm× AR©‡bi Z…wß| G m‡bUwU‡Z ïay Kwei myMfxi
ü`qv‡eMB fvlvq wm³ nq wb, Z…wß bvgK b`xi `yK~j cvweZ K‡i evwnZ ev avweZ
n‡q‡Q gvZ…fvlvi gwngv I Zvi cÖwZ myMfxi `i`| myZivs GwU GKwU mv_©K
m‡bU|
d«v‡Ýi fvm©vB bMix‡Z evm Kivi mg‡q gaym~`b BZvjxq Kwe †cÎvK©ÑGi
Abymi‡Y iPbv K‡ib m‡bU| Ôe½fvlvÕ KweZvwU evsjv m‡b‡Ui cÖ_g ¯^v¶i|
Kweg‡bi wbweo Abyf~wZi cÖKvk N‡U‡Q G KweZvi welqe¯‘ I Avw½‡K|

cÖkœ: Ò‡Kwjby ˆkev‡j fywj KgjÑKvbb|ÓÑ Dw³wUi Zvrch© we‡klY Ki|

AvaywbK evsjv Kv‡e¨i mv_©K mªóv gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë cÖ_g evsjv m‡bU
iPwqZv wn‡m‡e we‡kl L¨vwZ AR©b K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi weL¨vZ m‡bU ev PZz`©kc`x
KweZv Ôe½fvlvÕq wZwb gvZ…fvlv I gvZ…f~wgi ¸YKxZ©b Ges wb‡Ri fy‡ji K_v
wee„Z K‡i‡Qb|
Ô‡KwjYy ‰kev‡jÕ A_©vr k¨vIjv wb‡q †Ljv Kiv, Ôfy‡j KgjÑKvbbÕ A_©vr,
c‡Ùi evMvb fy‡j wM‡q| Kwe wfb‡`wk ev Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i Uv‡b wbR †`‡ki fvlv I
mvwnZ¨‡K AeÁv K‡i cvwo Rwg‡qwQ‡jb we‡j‡Z| Bs‡iwR‡Z A‡bK Kve¨ iPbv,
K‡i‡Qb; wKš‘ Kwe wn‡m‡e mdjZv cvb wb| †k‡l Zuvi fyj †f‡OwQj Ges wZwb evsjv
fvlvq Kve¨ iPbv ïi“ K‡ib| Kwe eyS‡Z cv‡ib GKw`b wZwb ïay k¨vIjv‡K cÙv †f‡e fyj
K‡i‡Qb| Kwe eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Qb gvZ…fvlvB g‡bi fve cÖKv‡ki †kªô gva¨g| Kwe gvZ…
fvlv‡K ZvBÑ ÔKgjÑKvbbÕ we‡kl‡Y we‡kwlZ K‡i‡Qb|
gvZ…fvlv KgjÑKvbb ¯^iƒc, ˆkevj bqÑ GwU eyS‡Z †c‡iB Kwe gvB‡Kj
ga~m~`b `Ë we‡`wk fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v †Q‡o gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v
AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib|
cÖkœ: ÒG wfLvixÑ`kv Z‡e †Kb †Zvi AvwR?ÓÑ G Dw³wU Kvi? GLv‡b
wfLvwi Kv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q Ges †Kb?
AvaywbK evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i mv_©K iƒcKvi I evsjv m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©K gnvKwe
gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ Ôev½fvlvÕ GKwU m‡bU|
Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë cÖ_g Rxe‡b we‡`wk mvwn‡Z¨i ‡gv‡n c‡o evsjv
†Q‡o Bs‡iwR Kve¨mvwnZ¨ iPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ MMbPz¤^x
Kve¨cÖwZfv _vKvi c‡iI Kwe Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ hk, L¨vwZ †Kv‡bvUvB AR©b Ki‡Z
m¶g nb wb| Ae‡k‡l Zuvi †gvn †f‡O‡Q| wZwb AbyZv‡c `» n‡q‡Qb| ZLbB Kwe
wb‡R‡K wfLvwi cÖwZcbœ K‡i G Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb| gvZ…fvlv †Q‡o we‡`wk fvlvq
mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki‡Z wM‡q Kwe eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Qb gvZ…fvlv Qvov wZwb wb:¯^,
Amnvq I wfLvwi| GLv‡b Kwe wb‡R‡KB wfLvwi e‡j‡Qb| Kwei MMbPz¤^x cÖwZfv
_vKvi c‡iI Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ L¨vwZ cÖwZcwË AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb| Zuvi mg¯—
kªg e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ n‡q‡Q| ZvB wZwb wb‡R‡K wfLvwi e‡j‡Qb|
gvZ…fvlv Qvov mvwnZ¨PP©vq wmw×jvf Kiv hvq bv| Kwe GwU eyS‡Z
†c‡iB wb‡Ri cÖwZ D³ †L‡`vw³wU K‡i‡Qb|

cÖkœ: 08| ÒgvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb, c~Y© gwYRv‡j|ÓÑ Dw³wUi Zvrch© †jL|

gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi AbyZß ü`‡qi ewntcÖKvk Ôe½fvlvÕ
KweZvwU| Kwe GKw`b †h fvlv‡K AeÁv K‡iwQ‡jb ‡mB fvlv‡ZB wZwb Kve¨ m„wó
K‡i †kªôZ¡ AR©b K‡ib| Avi †mB †kªô‡Z¡i K_vB AKc‡U cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb Av‡jvP¨
KweZvq| D‡jL K‡i‡Qb Zuvi gvZ…fvlvi m¤ú`ÑHwZ‡n¨i K_v|
Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi cÖ_g †hŠe‡b we‡`wk mvwn‡Z¨ L¨vwZi
†gv‡n evsjv fvlv‡K Ae‡njv K‡i gvZ…f~wg Z¨vM K‡i BD‡iv‡c P‡j hvb| wKš‘ wZwb
Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ mdj n‡Z cv‡ib wb; mybvg myhk †Kv‡bvwUB cvb wb| Zuvi
Rxe‡b ZLb †Kv‡bv myLkvwš— wQj bv| wVK GgbB mg‡q Zuvi g‡b RvMj, †`kgvZ…
Kv †hb ¯^‡cœ Zuv‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡”Q| Zuvi wb‡Ri †`‡ki m¤ú‡`i K_v Zuv‡K g‡b
Kwi‡q w`‡”Q Ges wf¶ve„wË Z¨vM Ki‡Z ej‡Q| Kwe ZLb †`kgvZ…Kvi AvÁv cvjb K‡i
gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvi †mevq AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡jb| hvi d‡j wZwZ AwZ mg„×
gvZ…fvlvi mÜvb ‡c‡jb Ges Rxe‡b kvwš—I mdjZv `yBÑB jvf Ki‡jb| Kwe gv`ªv‡R
evm Kivi mg‡q GKwU Bs‡iwR cwÎKv m¤úv`bv K‡ib| Gi Av‡M †_‡KB wZwb we‡`wk
wPš—vavivq Av”Qbœ wQ‡jb| d‡j evsjvq mvwnZ¨PP©v Kivi K_v Zuvi Aš—‡i
†cÖiYv RvMvq wb| wKš‘ hLb Zuvi iwPZ `Captive ' Kve¨Lwb BD‡ivcxqvb mgv‡R
Ladie
mgv`„Z nj bv, ZLb wZwb m‡PZb n‡jb| jW© wWª¼IqvUvi exUb Zuv‡K ï‡f”Qv
Rvwb‡qB e‡jwQ‡jb, Kwe †hb gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡ib| KviY gvZ…fvlvq
cÖvYkw³ gvbyl hZLvwb ü`q w`‡q Abyfe K‡i, †mUv Aci fvlvq nq Am¤¢e| Ab¨ fvlvq
fv‡jv wjL‡jI Zv‡Z wKQzUv K…wÎgZv Ges AvoóZv _v‡KB| G fyj fvOvi ci gaym~`b
gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨ iPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib Ges dj ¯^iƒc ÔgnvKweÕ wn‡m‡e
AgiZ¡ jvf K‡ib|
gvZ…fvlv evsjvq mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡i Kwe cig Z…wß I mvd‡j¨i wkL‡i
†cuŠQz‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb|

cÖkœ: Ò‡n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb,ÓÑ G cOw³ w`‡q Kwe Kx

eywS‡q‡Qb?
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ AvaywbKZvi mªóv, AwgÎv¶i Q‡›`i cÖeZ©K gvB‡Kj
gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ Ôe½fvlvÕ evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖ_g m‡bU| G KweZviB GKwU
Abe`¨ cOw³ÑÒ‡n e½ fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb|Ó
gvwU Avi gvZ…fvlvi g‡Zv †kªô Aej¤^b I Ag~j¨ m¤ú` Avi wKQzB nq bv|
GK_v gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi Rxe‡bi ev¯—e AwfÁZv w`‡q Pig I cigfv‡e Dcjwä
K‡iwQ‡jb| cÖ_g Rxe‡b Zuvi wQj Bs‡iwR fvlvcÖxwZ| wZwb Bs‡iwR fvlvq
mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡i myL¨vwZ AR©b Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| G j‡¶¨ wZwb †`k †Q‡o my`~i
BD‡ivcI wM‡qwQ‡jb| Ae‡k‡l Zuvi fyj fv‡O| Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ mdj n‡Z bv cv‡i
e¨_© g‡bvi_ wb‡q ¯^fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©vq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| wZwb eyS‡Z cv‡ib
evsjv fvlvi fvÛv‡i eûwea gwYgvwbK¨ I iZœ Av‡Q| AZ:ci gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v
K‡i cÖej myL¨vwZ AR©b K‡ib| cÖ_g KweZvqB wZwb AKc‡U ¯^xKvi Ki‡jb, Ò‡n
e½ fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb|Ó
evOvwji gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvi fvÛvi ARmª iZœivwR‡Z cwic~Y©|
mvwnZ¨PP©vi †¶‡Î ZvB G fvlvi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB|

= e¨vL¨vg~jK cÖkœ =

ÒciÑabчjv‡f ... Kz¶‡Y AvPwi|Ó

Av‡jvP¨ AskUzKz evsjv mvwnZ¨ RM‡Zi AmvaviY cÖwZfvai Kwe I AvaywbK
evsjv KweZvi RbK gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë iwPZ Ôe½fvlvÕ kxl©K
PZz`©kc`x KweZv n‡Z †bIqv n‡q‡Q|
ciab †jv‡f gË n‡q Kwe Zvi wcÖq gvZ…fvlv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i ‡h fyj K‡iwQ‡jb
Kwe GLv‡b Zv AKc‡U ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb|
Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë cÖ_g Rxe‡b evsjv fvlv‡K AeÁv K‡i Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| wKš‘ fyj fvO‡Z Zuvi Lye †ewk mgq jv‡M wb| †h
cÖZ¨vkv wb‡q wZwb Bs‡iwR fvlvi gva¨‡g mvwnZ¨PP©v Ki‡Z wM‡qwQ‡jb, †m
cÖZ¨vkv AwP‡iB Zuv‡K GK weivb cÖvš—‡i †cŠ‡Q w`‡qwQj| †mLv‡b bv wQj myL,
bv wQj kvwš—; bv wQj hk, bv wQj Hk¦©h© wKsev mg„w×| wQj ïayB e¨_©Zvi
gb¯—vc Avi GK w`Mš—‡Rvov nvnvKv‡ii gg©R¡vjv Avi G gg©‡e`bvB Kwe‡K Zuvi
Avcb gvZ…fvlvi w`‡K wd‡i ZvKv‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| AbyZvc`» mËv wb‡q ZvB wZwb
gvZ…fvlv evsjvi w`‡K wd‡i ZvwK‡q‡Qb Ges we¯§qwegy» K‡É D”PviY K‡i‡Qb †n
e½, eûwea iZœivwR‡Z mymw¾Z †Zvgvi fvÛvi| wKš‘ wbZvš— g~L© I A‡eva
Avwg| ZvB G Ag~j¨ iZœfvÛvi‡K Ae‡njv K‡i A‡b¨i abчjv‡f gË n‡q c‡owQjvg|
GKwU Aïf ¶‡Y wf¶ve„wË Aej¤^b K‡i ci‡`k åg‡Y Avwg †ei n‡q c‡owQjvg| d‡j Avgvi
w`bivZ¸‡jv `y:L Kó I ˆbiv‡k¨i R¡vjvq f‡i DVj|
wb‡Ri gvZ…fvlv‡K Ae‡njv Kiv ‡Kv‡bv e¨w³iB DwPZ bq|

ÒgwRby wedj......... fywj KgjÑKvbb!Ó

e¨vL¨vq AskUzKz evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i AmvaviY cÖwZfvai Kwe I AvaywbK
evsjv KweZvi RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Ôe½fvlvÕ kxl©K PZz`©kc`x KweZv n‡Z
Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gvZ…fvlv‡K AeÁv K‡i Kwe †h ‡e`bvq `» n‡q‡Qb Zv GLv‡b e¨³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Agi Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë cÖ_g Rxe‡b Bs‡iwR
mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZ †Rvi †`b| wZwb †P‡qwQ‡jb Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ cÖwZwôZ n‡Z|
wZwb evsjv mvwnZ¨‡K AeÁv K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ e¨_© n‡jb| ZvB Kwe AbyZß ü`‡q
Av‡¶c K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb A‡ev‡ai g‡Zv e½ÑfviZxq fvÛv‡ii wewea iZœivwR‡K
Ae‡njv K‡i cia‡b gË n‡q c‡owQ‡ib| ciab ej‡Z GLv‡b Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i K_v ejv
n‡q‡Q| we‡`wkI weRvZxq fvlvi †gv‡n wZwb ci‡`k ågYÑ Kz¶‡Y wf¶ve„wË AvPiY
K‡i‡Qb| M„nmyL cwinvi K‡i wZwb eûw`b we‡`‡k KvwU‡q‡Qb| Awb`ªv I Abvnv‡i
wedj Zcm¨vq wZwb †`ngb mgc©Y K‡i‡Qb| AeiYxq‡K eiY K‡i wZwb AbyZvc
K‡i‡Qb| wedj Zcm¨vq eûw`b e„_v AwZevwnZ K‡i‡Qb| Kwe evsjv fvlvi KgjÑKvbb
cwiZ¨vM K‡i Bs‡iwR fvlviƒcx ˆkevj m‡ive‡i µxovq iZ wQ‡jb| ZvB welv³ n‡q
D‡VwQj Kwei Rxeb| Ae‡k‡l G Kwe gvZ…fvlv‡K AeÁvi K_v AKc‡U ¯^xKvi K‡i
AbyZ‡ßi Av¸‡b R¡‡j cy‡o QvB n‡q‡Qb| djkÖ“wZ‡Z gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©vq
AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i Awe¯§iYxq mvwnZ¨KxwZ© cÖ`k©‡b m¶g nb Ges gnvKwe iƒ‡c
A¶q L¨vwZ AR©b K‡ib|
gvZ…fvlvB gvbyl‡K gwngv I †MŠi‡ei wkL‡i wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|

ÒgvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb, c~Y© gwYRv‡j|Ó

Av‡jvP¨ AskUzKz evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i AmvaviY cÖwZfvai Kwe I AvaywbK
evsjv KweZvi RbK gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Ôe½fvlvÕ kxl©K PZz`©kc`x KweZv n‡Z
Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Bs‡iwR fvlvq Kve¨ iPbv K‡i mdjZv jv‡f e¨_© n‡q gayKwe evsjv fvlvq
g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i †h mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv G Dw³‡Z mycwiùzU n‡q‡Q|
gnvKwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi cÖ_g †hŠe‡b ¶wY‡Ki †gv‡n evsjv fvlv‡K
Ae‡njv K‡i Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ mvdj¨ †P‡q gvZ…fvlv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i I gvZ…f~wg
Z¨vM K‡i BD‡ivc P‡j hvb| wKš‘ wZwb Bs‡iwR Kve¨PP©v K‡i mdj n‡Z cv‡ib wb;
mybvg, myhk †Kv‡bvwUB cvb wb| Zuvi Rxe‡b ZLb †Kv‡bv myLkvwš— wQj bv|
wVK GgbB mg‡q Zuvi g‡b nj, †`kgvZ…Kv †hb ¯^‡cœ Zuv‡K AvnŸvb Rvbv‡”Q|
Zuvi wb‡Ri †`‡ki m¤ú‡`i K_v Zuv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡”Q Ges wf¶ve„wË Z¨vM Ki‡Z
ej‡Q| Kwe ZLb †`kgvZ…Kvi AvÁv cvjb K‡i gvZ…f~wg I gvZ…fvlvi †mevq
AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡jb| hvi d‡j wZwb AwZ mg„× gvZ…fvlvi mÜvb ‡c‡jb Ges Rxe‡b
kvwš— I mdjZv `yBÑB jvf Ki‡jb| Kwe gv`ªv‡R evm Kivi mg‡q GKwU Bs‡iwR
cwÎKv m¤úv`bv K‡ib| Gi Av‡M †_‡KB wZwb we‡`wk wPš—vavivq Av”Qbœ wQ‡jb|
d‡j evsjvq mvwnZ¨PP©v Kivi K_v Zuvi Aš—‡i †cÖiYv RvMvq wb| wKš‘ hLb Zuvi
iwPZ `Captive ' Kve¨Lwb BD‡ivcxq mgv‡R mgv`„Z nj bv, ZLb wZwb m‡PZb
Ladie
n‡jb| jW© wWª¼IqvUvi exUb Zvu‡K ï‡f”Qv w`‡qB ej‡jb, †hb Kwe gvZ…fvlvq
mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡ib| KviY gvZ…fvlvi cÖvYkw³ gvbyl hZLvwb ü`q w`‡q Abyfe K‡i,
‡mUv Aci fvlvq nq `yj©e| Ab¨ fvlvq fvj wjL‡jI Zv‡Z wKQzUv K…wËgZv Ges
AvoóZv _v‡K| G fyj fv½vi c‡i gaym~ab gvZ…fvlvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib Ges gnvKwe
wn‡m‡e L¨vwZ jvf K‡ib|
gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨PP©v K‡i Kwe cig Z…wß I mvd‡j¨i wkL‡i ‡cuŠQ‡Z
‡c‡iwQ‡jb|
 = fvlvwfwËK Ask =
cÖkœ: 01| eywS‡q †jL :
K. †n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb| L. ‡Kwjby ˆkev‡j, fywj Kgj-Kvbb|
M. gvZ„fvlv-iƒc Lvwb|
K. †n e½, fvÛv‡i Ze wewea iZb: e½ ej‡Z Kwe GLv‡b evsjv fvlv‡KB eywS‡q‡Qb
Ges Zv‡KB m‡¤^vab K‡i‡Qb| evsjv fvlvq iwPZ mvwnZ¨fvÛvi ˆewPÎgq I
DrKl©gwÛZ m¤ú‡` cwicyY©| Kwe gvB‡Kj gaymyab `Ë evsjv fvlvq iwPZ wewfbœ
mvwnZ¨ m¤ú`‡K wewea iZb e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
L. †Kwjby ˆkev‡j, fywj KgjÑKvbb: Kwe evsjv fvlv‡K cÙdzj Ges Bs‡iwR fvlv‡K
ˆkev‡j DcwgZ K‡i‡Qb| Kwei g‡Z, evsjv I mvwnZ¨‡K D‡c¶v K‡i we‡`wk fvlv I
mvwn‡Z¨i PP©v K‡i wZwb fyj K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi mvabv e¨_© n‡q‡Q| G †hb
KgjÑKvbb‡K D‡c¶v K‡i †kIjv‡K wb‡q †Ljv Kiv| †m AbyZvc I AvZ¥cÖmv`
Awfbœiƒ‡c cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Av‡jvP¨ cOw³‡Z|
M. gvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb: gvZ…fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i fvÛvi †hb Lwbi g‡Zv| Abš—
e¯‘m¤ú‡`i fvÛvi Lwb †_‡K †hgb wewPÎ iZœivwR jvf Kiv hvq †Zgwb evsjv fvlv I
mvwnZ¨ AÄmª m¤¢vebvq ficyi| Kwe gvZ…fvlvq mvwnZ¨ iPbvq AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i
AmvaviY mvdj¨ AR©b K‡ib| gvB‡Ki gaym~`b `Ë Zuvi ÔPZz`©kc`x KweZvejxÕi
wewfbœ KweZvq gnvfviZ, ivgvqY, MxZ‡Mvwe›`, PÛxg½j, Abœ`vg½j cÖf„wZ‡K
evsjv fvlvq Ag~j¨ m¤ú` e‡j D‡jL K‡i‡Qb|

cÖkœ: 02| wkó cÖwgZ evsjv iƒc wb‡`©k Ki: ‡Kwjby, AvPwi, gg, åwg,
muwc, cwinwi, Zv m‡e, K‡q w`jv, Dnv‡i, iwnby, i“wa‡Z, mKjB, gwRby|
wkó cÖwgZ evsjv iƒc wb‡`©kÑÑ
cÖ`Ë kã wkó PwjZ iƒc cÖ`Ë kã wkó PwjZ iƒc
†Kwjby †Ljv Kijvg K‡q w`jv e‡jw`j
AvPwi AvPiY K‡i Dnv‡i I‡i
gg wbR/Avcbvi iwnby iBjvg
åwg fyj K‡i i“wa‡Z †iva Ki‡Z
muwc mgc©b K‡i mKjB meB
cwinwi cwinvi K‡i gwRby gMœ njvg
Zv m‡e †m mKj‡K/
†mme‡K

cÖkœ : 03| Awb`ªv, AÁvb, Abvnvi, AbvMÖn k㸇jv Kx Kx DcmM©‡hv‡M

MwVZ n‡q‡Q? DcmM©¸‡jv †Kvb A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Q? DcmM©¸‡jvi e¨envi
†`wL‡Z AviI `ywU K‡i kã †jL|
DËi: wb‡Pi k㸇jv A Ges Ab DcmM©‡hv‡M MwVZ n‡q‡QÑÑ
Awb`ªv = A+wb`ªvÑ wb`ªvnxb A‡_©| ; Abvnvi = Ab+AvnviÑAfy³
A‡_©| ;
AÁvb = A+ÁvbÑ †euZzk A‡_©| ; AbvMÖn =Ab+AvMÖn ÑAMÖvnnxb
A‡_©|
Gme DcmM©¸‡jv bvчevaK A_© (bv, bq, †bB) †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| AviI
`ywU D`vniY:
A‡eva = A+†eva Ñ †evanxb A‡_©| ; AbvPvi = Ab (bq)
+AvPviÑLvivc A‡_©|
Ae‡i‡Y¨ = A+e‡i‡Y¨Ñ AMÖnYxq A‡_©| ; AbvûZ = Ab (bq) + AvûZÑ
bv/ AvûZ A‡_©|

cÖkœ: 04| wkó PwjZ M‡`¨ iƒcvš—i Ki|

K. cvwjjvg AvÁv my‡L; cvBjvg Kv‡j, gvZ…fvlvÑiƒc Lwb, c~Y© gwYRv‡j|
DËi: cvjb Kijvg Av‡`k my‡L; †cjvg h_vmg‡q, gvZ…fvlv †hb Lwbi gZ gwYgy³vq
ficyi|

L. Awb`ªvq, Abvnv‡i muwc Kvq gbt, gwRby wedj Z‡c Ae‡iY¨ ewi;
DËi: bv Nywg‡q, bv †L‡q †`nÑgb mgc©Y K‡i, hv eiY‡hvM¨ bq Zv eiY K‡i wbõj
Zcm¨vq gMœ cÙeb fy‡j †kIjv e‡b †Ljv Kijvg|