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Perfect Squares
1 4 64 81 100 121 144 169 196 225 256 289 324
9 16 25 36 49
400
625
=2
=4 =5 = 10
16
25
100
144
= 12
8
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
4*2
4*5
20
32
= =
= =
2 5
16 * 2 = 25 * 3 =
75
5 3
40
4 *10 = 2 10
48
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
16 * 3 = 16 * 5 =
4 3 4 5
80
50
= =
= =
25 * 2 = 25 25 * 5 =
125
5 5
450
225 * 2 = 15
=X
= Y3
Y
4
P X Y
4X Y
8
25C D
10 =
*X
= =
Y
Y
2
Y
Y
PX Y
X Y
* PXY
= XY
PXY
12 X Y
8
= =
Y Y
25C D
+
To combine radicals: combine the coefficients of like radicals
6 7 5 7 3 7
8 7
3 6 7 7
5 6 3 7 4 7 2 6
Simplify each expression: Simplify each radical first and then combine.
2 50 3 32 2 25 * 2 3 16 * 2
2 *5 2 3* 4 2 10 2 12 2 2 2
Simplify each expression: Simplify each radical first and then combine.
3 27 5 48 3 9 * 3 5 16 * 3
3*3 3 5* 4 3 9 2 20 2 29 2
18
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
288
75
= =
= =
= =
= =
24
72
6 5 5 6 3 6
3 24 7 54
2 8 7 32
6 5 5 20
18 7 32
2 28 7 6 63
*
To multiply radicals: multiply the coefficients and then multiply the radicands and then simplify the remaining radicals.
5 * 35 175 25 * 7 5 7
2 8 * 3 7 6 56 6 4 *14
6 * 2 14 12 14
5
2
5* 5 7* 7
25
7
2
49 7 64
8
2
8* 8
x* x
8
x
x
2
x
2
To divide radicals: divide the coefficients, divide the radicands if possible, and rationalize the denominator so that no radical remains in the denominator
56 7
4*2
2 2
This cannot be divided which leaves the radical in the denominator. We do not leave radicals in the denominator. So we need to rationalize by multiplying the fraction by something so we can eliminate the radical in the denominator.
6 7
6 * 7 42 49
7 7
42 7
This can be divided which leaves the radical in the denominator. We do not leave radicals in the denominator. So we need to rationalize by multiplying the fraction by something so we can eliminate the radical in the denominator.
5 10
1 * 2
2 10
2 2
This cannot be divided which leaves the radical in the denominator. We do not leave radicals in the denominator. So we need to rationalize by multiplying the fraction by something so we can eliminate the radical in the denominator.
3 12
3 * 12
3 3
3 3 36
3 3 6
3 6
Vocabulary - Conjugates
(6 2)
(6 2 )
The expressions above are called conjugates because their products do NOT produce radicals
(a b)(a b) a b
2
Expression
Conjugate
Product
4 7
4 7 3c
42 ( 7) 2 16 7 9
( 3) c 3 c
2 2 2
3 c
p q
p q
p ( q) p q
2 2 2
3 3 5 5 5 5
3 5 5
1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 ( 2)
1 3
4 3 2
3 3
12 4 2 7