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2
3
4
(IIIا
ا
و ا
وي
9ل:
U + 01n→ 38 54 Xe +3 1 n + γ
235 94
92 Sr 139 0
(2.3ا
ا
و ا
وي
(1.23ا
ا:
.
:أن GHا! Iت ا
.,Kوا
'ت او
.: /د
ا
A1
z1 X 1 + ZA22 X 2 → ZA33 X 3 + ZA44 X 4
> ا
ا
ا4+:و
M2/ا ا
آ : L
∆E = [( El ( X 4 ) + El ( X 3 )) − ( E l ( X 2 ) + El ( X 1 )].
أي :
[
∆E = ∆m.C 2 = m( produits ) − m( réactifs ) .C 2 ]
5
+?$ (2.23ت
1 4:$
ﺃ-ﺣﺪﺩ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻳﺪﺓ :
EL = ∆m × c2
ﺩ – ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻃﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ) U(235ﻣﻊ ) Ra (226ﺫﻭ El =7,66 MeV par nucléon
6
ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ 2
آ
ا
آ ا
ى ب u :
ت
1 u = 1,6606 × 10 - 27
proton : mp = 1,6726 × 10 - 27 uranium 235 : 234,9935
kg
kg u
c = 2,9979 × 10 8 m / s
neutron : mn = 1,6749 × 10 - 27
cérium 146 : 145,8782 u
kg
A = 6,022 × 10
23
sélénium 85 : 84,9033 u N
-1
mol
électron : me = 9,1094 × 10 - 31
kg
e = 1,602 × 10 - 19 C
ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻳﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻭﻳﺔ :ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻧﺸﻄﺎﺭ
a = 5و X = 34
(2ﺍﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻠﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻮﻝ ﻭﺏ MeV
ﻭﻣﻨﻪ E = ∆m × c :
ل :
×∆E = ∆ m × c² =- 3,032
× 10 - 28 × (2,9979 × 10 8 ) 2
7
MeV: ب
1 J = 6,24219 × 10 12 MeV