Turbo-machine

a. Turbo-machine : A device for exchanging of energy from the flowing fluid. It is a rotating device. Ex: wind Mill, Propellers, Fans, Compressors, Turbines b. Compressor : A device used to increase the pressure of the fluid. It adds energy to the fluid. c. Turbine: A device used to extract energy from the flowing stream of gas. Energy comes from burning fuel. Working Medium : Any liquid, Gas, Vapor, Organic Fluids, Water, Steam

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COMPRESSORS

Intermittent flow

Continuous Flow

Positive Displacement

Dynamic

Ejector

Reciprocating

Rotary

Radial Flow

Mixed Flow

Axial Flow

Mechanical Piston

Sliding Vane Liquid Piston Helical Lobe Straight Lobe

Centrifugal

Mixed

Axial

Prepared by Dr. S. Ramamurthy, ramamurthy302@gmail.com

200

Duty:

Efficient compression of large volumes of air

Basic Requirement : Good Efficiency over a wide range of operating points Minimum number of stages Good aerodynamic stability Over a range Today : Compressors built axial & Centrifugal

Multistage Reciprocating

20
PRESSURE RATIO

Single stage Reciprocating

Multistage Centrifugal Rotary Compressors 2 10 102

Single stage Centrifugal

Multistage Axial

103

104

105

FLOW RATE (CFM)

Prepared by Dr. S. Ramamurthy, ramamurthy302@gmail.com

140

120

100

DESIGN POINT
80
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT COMPRESSOR AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR

60

CENTR4IFUGAL COMPRESSOR

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

PERCENT FLOW

Prepared by Dr. S. Ramamurthy, ramamurthy302@gmail.com

Single stage double acting Reciprocating compressor

3-stage single acting Reciprocating compressor

Sliding vane compressor

Helical Screw Compressor

Cross Section of an Ejector

Prepared by Dr. S. Ramamurthy, ramamurthy302@gmail.com

Multi stage axial flow compressor

Radial flow horizontally split multistage centrifugal compressor

Prepared by Dr. S. Ramamurthy, ramamurthy302@gmail.com