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2008-5-11 Security Level: confidential

UMTS Radio
Network Planning

3G network planning introduce


www.huawei.com

Huawei Northwest Africa Region


RNP Solution Manage: William.chen
William.chen@huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

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Agenda

New feature for WCDMA


Handover
Power control
Interference

3G Radio Network Planning workflow


3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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WCDMA feature-Soft handover
n Soft/Softer handover
nSoft handover: Multi connection
with different NodeB
nSofter handover: Multi connection
with different cell belong to one
NodeB

nSoft/Softer handover can


help us hear the voice from
more far!!
nSoft/Softer handover can
help us improve the
handover successful!

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WCDMA feature-Power Control
n Power control
Frequency is very high: 1500Hz
Tx Power

I can hear
very clearly,
Down Tx lNear Point
power

I can not hear n Less Tx Power, Save Power


clearly, Up Tx
power n Less Interference

Distance from NodeB

lFar Point

nSmooth Rx Level, Improve QoS

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WCDMA feature-Interference
n Interference

n What is Interference for WCDMA? n Where does Interference come?


All the Cell in same carry use same
frequency

Carry1 Carry2 Carry3

frequency n edge of Cell


n Central of Cell
Most come from
Same as GSM, interference comes Most come from neighbor Cell, less
from frequency own Cell, less from own cell
from neighbor cell

How far I can hear you depend on both your voice strength and other people noise

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WCDMA feature-Service
n Service

Radio Bearers

n AMR Voice
n Video Call
All Service are n PS R99
carried by different
Radio Bearers n PS HSPA
n MBMS
n ….

UMTS Radio Network Planning focus on the all kinds of bear service, how far and how many.
Based on the experience of GSM, combined with knowledge of WCDMA feature, everyone can
be an WCDMA RNP expert.

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Agenda

New feature for WCDMA


3G Radio Network Planning workflow
3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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UMTS Network Planning Workflow
n Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban )
Discussed by n QoS criteria (Consecutive Service, BLER)
Preparation Mobilis and n Capacity requirement (Subscriber, traffic model)
Huawei n Link budget parameters (Penetration loss,
Propagation model)

The output of n Link budget


dimension is n Capacity dimension Huawei Dimension
important criteria to n Iub and CE dimension deliver Planning
assess RNP solution n Network development solution

n Site selection
n Propagation model tuning Nominal Mobilis and Huawei
n Site survey/candidate site search Planning do the planning jointly
n 2G information

n Neighbor cell configuration


n LAC/RAC planning Detailed
Network Deployment n Cell parameters configuration Planning
n Algorithm configuration

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Different emphasis for planning phases
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
4050
3040
2030
1020
010

0
0

3
6

9
12
0

15
3

18
6

21
9

24
12

27
15

30
18

33
21

36
24

27

39
30

42
33

45

48
36
Number of Sites

39

42

45

48
Number of Sites

Mature Phase
n Capacity is emphasis;
n Capacity expansion solution is important
n High spectrum efficiency
Long term development
Development phase and expansion solution!!
n This phase focus on balance
of coverage and capacity;
n Hotspot and dense urban
absorb capacity; 2G Resources
n Coverage extension to rural Initial phase
and highway;
n Provide abstract service, new n Initial phase focus on the coverage;
feature such as HSPA, MBMS n Hotspot and Dense urban are first target;
are important.
n Reuse 2G resource, save investment;
Optimization and new n Provide 3G feature service;
feature deployment!!
Experience and Deep
communication!!

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Agenda

New feature for WCDMA


3G Radio Network Planning workflow
3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Coverage Dimension
Aim of coverage dimensioning
n to obtain the cell radius
n to estimate NodeB number for coverage

Dimension
Start

Input
Link budget
parameters

Propagation Max Pathloss


model

Coverage Cell Radius


area

NodeB Number

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Step1:continue coverage service
Determine the continue coverage service n Initial coverage focus
on 3G feature service
such AMR and VP;
n UL 64k PS service
PS 384K PS 128K VP 64K AMR 12.2K
combine with HSPA can
meet high throughput
requirement.

Huawei Suggests

n PS128K or CS64K is the consecutive coverage service in the Urban


and Dense Urban
n PS 64K or AMR 12.2K is the consecutive coverage service in the
Suburban or Rural Area

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Step2:Configure link budget parameters
It is suggested that Mobilis fix the environment parameters, and
vendor provides the equipment parameters.

Equipment Reference value


parameters Environment Reference value
Tx Power UL:21dBm/DL AMR:30dBm parameters

Antenna Gain NodeB:18dBi, UE:0dBi Consecutive service VP for Dense Urban

Cell load UL:50%,DL 75% for R99


Body Loss 3dB(AMR),0dB(other)

Noise figure UL:7dB Penetration Loss 18dB for Dense Urban

Fast Fading Margin UL:1.1dB for Dense Urban Coverage Probability 95% for Dense Urban

Slow Fading Margin 3.8dB for Dense Urban Coverage channel model TU3 for Dense Urban

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Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some equipment parameters are recommended by 3GPP, it is usually fixed in


link budget.
n BLER (Block Error Rate) n Body Loss n Max Service Tx Power

Continued service BLER 3dB for AMR; Continued service Power offset
AMR 1%
0dB for Video AMR(DL) 30~32dBm
call and PS
Video call 0.5% service Video call(DL) 34~36dBm
PS64K/PS384 5% PS64K(DL) 31~33dBm
HSDPA 10% PS384(DL) 35~39dBm
Mobile phone (UL) 21dBm
Tx Power 27dBm 30dBm 33dBm
Data card (UL) 24dBm
BLER 0.1% 1% 10%

BLER and service Tx Power is result by


balancing the coverage and capacity.

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Link Budget Parameters: equipment

n Some parameters are depended on vendor equipment, it is not fixed in link budget.
n Cable loss

NodeB Antenna Cable Cable loss


Type high select
Macro-NodeB <50m 7/8 6.29dB/100m@2100MHz
>50m 5/4 4.56dB/100m@2100MHz
BBU+RRU - - 0dB

There is no cable loss for BBU+UUR, UL


coverage increase by ~30%

n Noise Figure

ü NF of terminal is 5~7dB, it is refer to User Equipment


The low NF can increase
ü NF of NodeB is different between venders. Huawei 3800
series NodeB had low NF of 1.6, other vendor is 2.3~3.5. UL coverage by 5%~20%.

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Environment parameters: fading margin
Path Loss — fading due to propagation distance

n Long Term (Slow) fading —


caused by shadowing
n Short Term (Fast) fading —
caused by multipath propagation

There should be margin


to compensate the fading

Slow Fading Margin depends on: Clutter Coverage Standard Slow fading
Probability Deviation margin
n Area Coverage Probability
Dense urban 95% 11.7 8.1
--- The higher coverage Urban 95% 9.4 6
probability is, the more SFM
required Suburban 90% 7.2 4
Rural 90% 6.2 0.8
n Standard Deviation
Highway 90% 6.2 0.8
--- The higher standard deviation
is, the more SFM required

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Environment parameters: SHO Gain
Soft handover gain – SHO gain consists of three parts:
n SHO Gain against slow fading
n SHO reduces slow fading compared to the single cell case
n SHO gain against slow fading can improve the coverage probability

n SHO Gain against fast fading

n Macro Diversity Combining Gain The fast fading margin and slow
fading margin in Huawei’s link
n MDC gain reduces the Eb/No requirement
budget has been considered
n MDC leads to a gain for reception sensitivity
the SHO gain.
n MDC gain exists for both uplink and downlink

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Environment parameters: interference
margin
n UL interference margin is Noise Rise in NodeB

NoiseRise = − 10 ⋅ Log 10 (1 − η UL ) [dB ]


Interference Curve
NoiseRise(dB)

Ø 50% UL Load — 3dB


Ø 60% UL Load — 4dB
UL Load
Ø 75% UL Load — 6dB

n How to calculated DL interference margin?


Tx Power
70% DL load = Which
Samepathloss is same
UL load, bigger?
Max Tx Power
interference
Pathloss_AMR margin
Pathloss
_AMR
Pa t
h lo
Same DL load, different DL
ss_ Which received noise is bigger?
PS interference margin
AMR Same Tx Power, but small
PS384K High throughput,
pathloss, so PS384K high
noise rise
isinterference
bigger than AMR
margin!

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Step3:Reception Sensitivity
Processing Gain R Signal after despreading

Power density (W/Hz)


-- Related to bearer data rate
P G = 1 0 lo g ( 3 8 4 0 / R ( k b p s ))
W

Processing Gain
Signal after spreading
AMR12.2k 25 (dB)
PS64k 18 (dB)
PS384k 10 (dB) Frequency (Hz)

N t :thermal noise (-108dBm/3.84MHz)


N f :Noise figure of NodeB(1.6dB for NodeB, 7dB for UE)
Eb / No :Bit energy divided by noise spectral density

Re ceptionSensitivity = N t + N f + Eb / N 0 − PG

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Step4: Maximum Allowable Pathloss

nSlow fading margin


Maximum Allowable Pathloss
nSHO Gain
=UE Transmit Power nFast fading margin

+ Antenna Gain nInterference margin

+ SHO Gain nNodeB Antenna Gain nBody Loss

-Slow Fading Margin nCable Loss


nUE Antenna Gain
-Fast Fading Margin
nUE Transmit Power
-Interference Margin nPenetration Loss

-Body Loss
Antenna Gain
-Cable Loss
-Penetration Loss Pa
t h nMaximum
Lo allowable pathloss
ss
Penetration loss

Notes:
nNo TMA Application NodeB nNodeB reception sensitivity
Cable Loss Sensitivity
nSFM&FFM not include SHO

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MPL is input of Link budget

The output of link budget is MPL rather than cell radius!

Propagation model

Link budget Max Pathloss Cell Radius

It is usually to compare the MPL to access the coverage performance. And cell
radius can be a reference when given a consolidated propagation model.

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Agenda

UMTS Network Introduce


New feature for WCDMA
3G Radio Network Planning workflow
3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Capacity Dimensioning Flow
Coverage Total subscriber
dimension result Dimensioning Start
Traffic model

Assumed Subscribers

Load per Connection

CS Average Cell Load CS Peak Cell Load PS Average Cell Load


(MDE)

Total Cell Load

No
=Target Cell Load?

Yes

Dimensioning End

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Multidimensional ErlangB
Huawei use Multidimensional ErlangB(MDE) for CS Capacity dimension

ErlangB - Partitioning Resources Traditional/other vender dimension method

Two big case, one small case, how


many car can carry them all?

Low Utilization of resources

Multidimensional ErlangB - Resources shared


Multidimensional ErlangB

More Accuracy
Especial for 3G
High Utilization of resources

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CE/Iub Dimensioning
Multidimensional ErlangB is
Represent the subscriber used in CE/Iub dimension
MultdimensionalErlangB Model
Represent the NodeB AM
R1
2 .2
k

......
CE
resources

k
64
If we know how many cases one car can carry, CS
how can get the CE/Iub?

Bearers CE (UL) CE (DL) Iub(Kbps) n Signaling and CCH not required CE


AMR12.2k 1 1 n CE are pooled per NodeB for all cells
CS64k 3 2 n Low CE resource required for higher
PS64k 3 2 data rate
PS128k 5 4 n advance algorithm improve the utilize
PS384k 10 8 efficiency of Iub transmission

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Dimensioning Input is Important

The balance of coverage dimension and capacity dimension

Input requirement
dimension start

Capacity Coverage
dimension dimension

1 Coverage Performance 2 Site Number 3 CE/IuB

PS384K VP AMR

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Hong Kong PCCW Project

RNP & RNO in world’s most challenging radio propagation environment

n Complex terrain: Hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north

n Built-up dense business district: 630 buildings/km2, 250K people per km2, average
building height 45m
n Difficult to build DAS in most high buildings
n High population density: 25,0000 people/km2 in dense urban

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RNP and RNO Timeline

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Examples of Coverage Solutions for PCCW
Rooftop Antenna Cell Splitting
l Large down-tilt
for coverage and
interference
control
l Make full use of
the obstruction
of surrounding
buildings

l Multi-sector coverage planning based on


splitting cell solution

Medium Height Antenna


l 4th floor antennas
Low Height Antenna
to cover the shops
along the main l In dense city areas,
street coverage need to be
multi-dimensional

l Up-tilt technique is
widely used in Hong
Kong

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Agenda

UMTS Network Introduce


New feature for WCDMA
3G Radio Network Planning workflow
3G Coverage Planning
3G Capacity Planning
The Expect of Mobilis about RNP

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Questions and Answer

What are the new feature for WCDMA?


Soft/softer handover, power control, interference ,service
What is out put for Link budget?
Maximum allowed Pathloss
What parameters should be fixed by operator?
Environment parameters is fixed by operator, equipments
parameters is provided by vendors
What algorithm is used in capacity dimension?
Multidimensional ErlangB, it can improve the resource utilization
efficiency

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2008-5-11 Security Level: confidential

Thank You
www.huawei.com

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

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