You are on page 1of 29

:

1.1 .
1.2 )
( SCR .
1.3

1.1 .

.
.


.
.

.
.

.
.
,
,
.IC
) (1-1 .
4


.
.

) (1-1




.
:
-1 :
.
-2 :
-3 :

-4 :
.
-5 :

-6 : .

1-2
: ) ( Semiconductor
.
.

.

6

) (Diode ) (LEDs
.


)
( .

.
""

) (
-1
P N ): (P-N Junction
p-n
)(n-type
) .(p-type
p-n ) (n-type
) (p-type
. ) (2-1
7

.
p A
n K

) (2-1
) (3-1
) ( p

n .

) (3-1 p-n
8

n
)( p )( .
) (
.Diode ) (3-1


.
p-n
p
n p
n )(4-1

) (4-1

Forward Bias
p-n p
n
) (5-1
. n
p p
n
n )
( p


) (5-1
10

Reverse Bias
p-n ) (6-1 p
n
.
n
p .
n
p
.
p n n . p
p
n

) (6-1

11



-1 ) (
n p
. .
) (
.
. V 0.7
V 0.3
-2 )(:
) (
n p
n n p

) ( p n
n p
n P p n
.

12

) (7-1

) b (7-1
) (IA )(VAk

) (7-1


. )(8-1
) (Si ).(Ge

13

) ( 8 -1
) (9-1
.

14

) (9-1
-2
-:
.

.
(Transistor Transfer Resistor
(
.


.
15

N-P .

.

.

.
.

. )
(10-1

) ( 10-1

16

-:
Base

Emitter .Collector
) (11-1 .

) ( 11-1
:
: )(PNP
: )(NPN
,
) (
17

)
( . ) (

. ) (12-1
.

) (12-1
) (13-1

) (13-1
18

) (

.
) (14-1 n p n p n
p .

) (14-1


.

n p n

:

19

-1 B E
. B C
) (15-1
-2 n

p

.
-3

.
-4
)(15-1
-5
.
-6

.

20

-7
)(15-1

) (15-1


.
. ) (16-1

21

) (16-1
) 17-1 (
) 17-1(

) VBB
(RB

22

) (17-1
-3

) SCR (
:

. .
.
.
)
(
. SCR

p n p
n J1,J2,J3 ) 18-1(
23

. ) 18-1(
.

)(

)(

) (18-1

) (VAK
) (IA )19-1
( .
) (
.

VBO . IBO )
24

(
1 .

.
.

) . (IH
.
.

.
) 19-1 (

.
.

25

) (19-1
-:

:
-

26

:
.
.
1-3

.....

.....

) (

.
)(20 -1
.

27

) (20 -1
:
)
(21-1 ) (
) ( .

) (21-1
Hz 50 .
Hz 100
28

. Hz 150 ) (22-1

) (22-1


-1
-2

29

: .

.
: ) ( filter


. .

30

-1

-2

:
-

-3

-4

-5

31

You might also like