Name _____________________________________________ Period __________ Date _____________

1.3 Studying Life

Lesson Objectives List the characteristics of living things. Identify the central themes of biology. Explain how life can be studied at different levels. Discuss the importance of a universal system of measurement. Lesson Summary Characteristics of Living Things Biology is the study of life. Living things share these characteristics: They are made of cells and have a universal genetic code; they obtain and use materials and energy to grow and develop; they reproduce; they respond to signals in their environment stimuli! and maintain a stable internal environment; they change over time. Big Ideas in Biology The study of biology revolves around several interloc"ing big ideas: Cellular basis of life. Living things are made of cells. Information and heredity. Living things are based on a universal genetic code written in a molecule called DNA. Matter and energy. Life re#uires matter that provides raw material$ nutrients$ and energy. The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or brea"s down materials is called metabolism. Growth, development, and reprodu tion. %ll living things reproduce. In se!ual reprodu tion$ cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism. In ase!ual reprodu tion$ a single organism produces offspring identical to itself. &rganisms grow and develop as they mature. "omeostasis. Living things maintain a relatively stable internal environment. #volution. Ta"en as a group$ living things evolve$ lin"ed to a common origin. $tru ture and fun tion. Each ma'or group of organisms has evolved structures that ma"e particular functions possible. %nity and diversity of life. %ll living things are fundamentally similar at the molecular level. Interdependen e in nature. %ll forms of life on Earth are connected into a biosphere(a living planet. $ ien e as a way of &nowing. )cience is not a list of facts but *a way of "nowing.+ ields of Biology ,iology includes many overlapping fields that use different tools to study life. These include biotechnology$ global ecology$ and molecular biology.

!erforming Biological Investigations -ost scientists use the metric system as a way to share #uantitative data. They are trained in safe laboratory procedures. To remain safe when you are doing investigations$ the most important rule is to follow your teacher.s instructions.

Characteristics of Living Things '. /omplete the graphic organi0er to show the characteristics living things share.

(. The genetic molecule common to all living things is ). The internal process of +. Living things have a long history of ,. The continuation of life depends of both *. Living things are capable of responding to different types of change. and

. . . help to organi0e raw

enables living things to survive changing conditions.

-. The combination of chemical reactions that ma"e up an organism.s materials into living matter. Big Ideas in Biology .. /omplete the table of ,ig Ideas in ,iology. The first row is filled in for you. Big Idea Cellular basis of life "escri#tion Living things are made of cells.

Information and heredity

Life requires matter that provides raw materials nutrients and energy. !rowth development and reproduction

Living things maintain a relatively stable internal environment. "volution

"ach ma#or group of organisms has evolved structures that ma$e particular functions possible. %ll living things are fundamentally similar at the molecular level. %ll forms of life on "arth are connected into a biosphere&a living planet. 'cience as a way of $nowing

/. 1ic" two of the big ideas from the chart and describe how the ideas interloc". 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 ields of Biology '0. ,iology is made up of many overlapping fields$ each of which uses different tools to gather information about living things. 3ill out the table below with information about two fields of biology(one that appeals to you$ and one that does not. Include a description of each field and the tools scientists in the field use$ as well as your impressions of each.

ield of Biology

"escri#tion of ield

$hy It "oes or "oes %ot &##eal to 'e

!erforming Biological Investigations ''. Describe the system of measurement most scientists use when collecting data and doing experiments. 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 '(. 4hy do scientists need a common system of measurement5 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 '). 4hat is the most important safety rule for you to follow in the laboratory5

&##ly the Big idea

2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 '*. 6our teacher is doing a long7term experiment by having you and your classmates grow plants at home. 6ou are testing the hypothesis that plant growth is affected by the amount of water a plant receives. %ll the data will be compiled in three wee"s. 4hy isn.t it a good idea to use the 87ounce measuring cup from your "itchen or the 9:7inch ruler you have on your des"5 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222

B(IL" )ocabulary

A. The chart below shows "ey terms from the lesson with their definitions. /omplete the chart by writing a
strategy to help you remember the meaning of each term. &ne has been done for you. *o+ I,m -oing to .emember the 'eaning

Term %se(ual reproduction

"efinition 'ingle organism produces offspring identical to itself

)iology

'tudy of life

Bio- means living, and biology is the study of living things.

)iosphere

Part of "arth that can sustain life +aintenance of a stable internal environment Chemical reactions in which a living thing brea$s down or builds up materials Cells from two parents combine to form the first cell of a new organism 'ignal to which an organism responds

*omeostasis

+etabolism 'e(ual reproduction 'timulus

B(IL" (nderstanding Conce#t 'a# % concept map can help you organi0e information and show how ideas are connected. Use the phrases to complete the concept map. Cellular basis of life #volution %nity and diversity Growth, development, and reprodu tion Information and heredity "omeostasis Matter $ ien e as a way of &nowing $tru ture and fun tion Interdependen e of nature

Characteristics of Living Things )cientists use certain characteristics to classify something as a living thing. Living things must be based on a universal genetic code and must have cells as the basic unit of life. They obtain and use energy. Living things also grow$ develop$ and reproduce. They maintain a stable internal environment. &ver time$ living things evolve. Loo" at the drawings. Label each thing as living or nonliving in the spaces provided.

In the chart, write yes or no next to the characteristics that apply to all living things. Chacteristics +ade of one or more cells %ble to reproduce 'tay warm )ased on a genetic code )ased on the metric system !row and develop ,btain and use materials and energy -espond to the environment +aintain a stable environment Change over time &##lies to living things/