First Nations History

Outline
First Americans Creation Canada Ontario

Migration
Beringia Land Bridge
75,000 to 45,000 yrs

From north-eastern Asia

genetic evidence

migrated south through ice free corridor in Alberta

First Americans?

Creation
Common to all cultures Ojibway
Kitche Manitou Turtle Island

Cree
O-ma-ma-ma
the earth mother

First Nations of Canada

Regions Culture

Language

Ontario

North of 50
Ojibwa
Ojibwa people call themselves Anishinabe, usually translated into English as the people. There are a variety of spellings including Anishnawbe, Anishnab, Anishnabe and Anishinaabe. The Ojibwe root stems of this mighty name are fascinating, especially as they relate this ethnonym to worldwide creation myths. There are three common spellings of Ojibwe: older Ojibway; preferred modern Ojibwa and Ojibwe.

North of 50
Cree
The French "Cris" include both the prairie and the woodland tribes, situated to the west of James Bay. The English "Cree" include the prairie and woodland tribes; the Muskegons, the Algonkin band inhabiting the swampy land around James Bay ("Swampy Cree"); the Naskapi; the Montagnais-Naskapi and the Montagnais of the Quebec peninsula.

North of 50
Socioeconomic wellbeing
Employment ratio - Share of the population, age 20 to 64, employed during the week prior to the Census Average income - Average annual income from all sources, in 1995, for individuals with income. Education - Share of the population, age 20 to 64, with less than grade 9 education as their highest level of educational attainment. Housing - Average number of persons per room. A lower number indicates a higher level of community socio-economic well-being.

North of 50

More Information
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
Community Profiles